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Namba H, Maeda N, Tsukamoto M, Utsunomiya H, Kaneko Y, Nishitsuka K, Yamashita H, Ohta Y, Usui T, Sugimoto M. Associations of ocular anterior segment structures with sex and age: the Yamagata study (Funagata). Jpn J Ophthalmol 2024:10.1007/s10384-024-01126-7. [PMID: 39356388 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-024-01126-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the associations of tomographic parameters in anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) with sex and age in a cohort study. STUDY DESIGN A cohort design. MATERIALS AND METHODS AS-OCT data from 391 Japanese participants aged ≥ 35 years were obtained using swept-source OCT. In the cornea, the keratometric power at the flat (Kf) and steep (Ks) meridians, maximum keratometric power (Kmax), keratometric cylinder, spherical power, regular astigmatism, asymmetry, higher-order irregularity (HOI) from the anterior and posterior surfaces, and the central and thinnest corneal thicknesses were evaluated. Also, anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness, crystalline lens rise (CLR), and nasal and temporal angle opening distances at 500 μm from the scleral spur (AOD500) were assessed. Sex differences and age-related changes were analyzed. RESULTS Women exhibited higher anterior Kf, Ks, and Kmax and lower posterior Kf, Ks, and Kmax than men. The ACD and nasal/temporal AOD500 were shorter in women than in men. The CLR was higher in women, whereas the lens thickness did not differ between the sexes, indicating a more anteriorly positioned lens in women. Age-related changes included increased anterior/posterior HOI, increased lens thickness and CLR resulting in decreased ACD and AOD500. CONCLUSION This study reveals sex-related differences in corneal shape, anterior chamber conformation, and lens position, as well as age-related changes in tomographic parameters. ACD, CLR, nasal and temporal AOD500 showed significant sex differences in the 50-70 s, whereas lens thickness showed no difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Namba
- Department of Ophthalmology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, 852 Hatakeda, Narita City, 286-0124, Chiba Prefecture, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan.
| | - Naoyuki Maeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Utsunomiya
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kaneko
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Koichi Nishitsuka
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Kawagoe City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
- Yamagata City Institute of Public Health, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohta
- Department of Neurology, Hematology, Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Usui
- Department of Ophthalmology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, 852 Hatakeda, Narita City, 286-0124, Chiba Prefecture, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sugimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
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Tanaka T, Nishitsuka K, Obata H. Correlation of Ocular Biometry with Axial Length in Elderly Japanese. Clin Ophthalmol 2024; 18:351-360. [PMID: 38332905 PMCID: PMC10850987 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s446031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ocular parameters are not only useful for diagnosing diseases but also for guiding treatment approaches. A lot of previous studies have reported ocular parameters and its relations before cataract surgery. However, despite ethnic differences in ocular biometry, few reports have dealt with Japanese. Hence, this retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to measure parameters of preoperative cataract patients and examines the correlations between each parameter in Japanese elderly people. Patients and Methods The 210 subjects had their ocular axial lengths measured with OA-2000. The endpoints were ocular axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), average anterior corneal radius of curvature (CR), white-to-white (WTW), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and lens thickness (LT). Our analyses utilized the eye with the longer AL in each person. Each parameter was analyzed for correlations in a round-robin manner. Regression analyses were performed on parameters correlated with AL. Results The parameters correlated with AL were CR (r = 0.33, P < 0.0001), WTW (r = 0.29, P < 0.0001), ACD (r = 0.59, P < 0.0001), and LT (r = -0.30, P < 0.0001). These parameters related to AL in all simple regression equations (CR (P < 0.0001), WTW (P = 0.0002), ACD (P < 0.0001), LT (P = 0.0001)). In multiple regression analyses, CR, ACD, and LT might relate to AL (CR (P = 0.0002), ACD (P < 0.0001), LT (P = 0.018)). LT tended to be thinner as AL increased, while CR, WTW, and ACD tended to increase. Conclusion This information may be useful in developing strategies for ophthalmic surgery, as it provides information on the location of intraocular tissues. Various parameters have been used in intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations in recent years and knowledge of the interrelationship among parameters may be useful in determining IOL power according to ethnicity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Tanaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Koichi Nishitsuka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroto Obata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan
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Badian RA. Schematic sectioning approaches for corneal and retinal surfaces used in ophthalmology and vision-related clinical practice and research. Exp Eye Res 2023; 230:109442. [PMID: 36940902 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Schematically, the corneal surface area and other similar surfaces such as the retinal surface and the visual field area have been represented by a circle. While there are different types of schematic sectioning patterns in use, not all patterns are recognized or referred to with their respective appropriate terminology. In scientific communications, as well as in clinical practice, when dealing with corneal or retinal surfaces, it is imperative to have the ability to refer to specific areas with an as high degree of accuracy as possible. The necessity arises in many situations, either when performing tests such as corneal surface staining, corneal sensitivity test, scanning the corneal surface, reporting of the findings related to any specific corneal surface area, or using a sectioning pattern for parts of the retinal surface when locating retinal lesions, or when referring to loci with changes in the visual field. Applying the appropriate geometric terms when any pattern is used for sectioning of surfaces such as cornea or retina, for precise localization and description of the findings or changes with a high degree of accuracy using the correct terminology is a sine qua non. Hence, the idea for this work is to gain an overview of the sectioning methods that are available and in use as methodological guidance in different sectioning patterns related to the corneal, retinal, and visual field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza A Badian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Investigation of the Sectorized Corneal Thickness of Eyes With Corneal Endothelial Dysfunction Using Anterior-Segment Optical Coherence Tomography. Cornea 2022; 42:714-718. [PMID: 37146291 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the sectorized corneal thickness of eyes with corneal endothelial dysfunction using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography. METHODS We retrospectively collected anterior-segment optical coherence tomography data conducted before endothelial keratoplasty on 53 eyes of 53 patients with corneal endothelial dysfunctions including Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, bullous keratopathy (BK) after trabeculectomy, and BK after laser iridotomy and from 18 normal eyes of 18 subjects. The imaging points were divided into 17 sectors. The mean for each sector was calculated and compared with the corresponding superior/inferior and temporal/nasal sectors. RESULTS In the normal eyes, the superior sectors were thicker than the inferior and the temporal sectors thinner than the nasal. In the diseased eyes, the superior sectors were thicker than the inferior in all subgroups; however, this tendency was no longer observed after the values were divided by the mean for the normal eyes. No significant differences were found on horizontal comparisons; however, after the values were divided by the mean for the normal eyes, the temporal sectors were thicker than the nasal. When comparing the values between the with-hole and the without-hole sides in the BK after laser iridotomy eyes, the sectors on the with-hole side were thicker than the other side. CONCLUSIONS Corneal thickness of endothelial dysfunction was thicker in the superior sectors than the inferior but at a similar level to normal eyes. No significant differences were found for horizontal comparisons but, based on comparison with the normal eyes, the temporal sectors were thicker than the nasal.
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Moshirfar M, Odayar VS, McCabe SE, Ronquillo YC. Corneal Donation: Current Guidelines and Future Direction. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:2963-2973. [PMID: 34285462 PMCID: PMC8285277 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s284617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This review aims to outline current practices and guidelines of corneal donation and eye banking, describes the implications of COVID-19 and emerging diseases on the corneal donor pool, and discusses future trends to improve and increase the efficiency of the processes involved in corneal donation and eye banking. SUMMARY Corneal screening, preservation, corneal storage, and prevention of systemic disease transmission from donor to recipient have been crucial in shaping the policies of the FDA and eye banks across the world. Eye banks globally have developed varying guidelines and criteria for evaluating the viability of donor corneas. Variables such as the age of the donor, medical history, and potential disease transmission are important screening parameters. While known infectious diseases may be transmissible through the cornea, emerging infectious diseases that are not well studied may be more transmissible than other infections. In particular, coronavirus has impacted corneal transplantation as SARS-CoV-2 expression has been detected in corneal tissue and conjunctiva. In recent years, partial-thickness corneal transplantations have been introduced. Lamellar grafts and other corneal layers are now utilized for transplantation of the specific areas that are damaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Moshirfar
- Hoopes Vision Research Center, Draper, UT, 84020, USA
- John A. Moran Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
- Utah Lions Eye Bank, Murray, UT, 84107, USA
| | - Varshini S Odayar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shannon E McCabe
- Hoopes Vision Research Center, Draper, UT, 84020, USA
- Mission Hills Eye Center, Pleasant Hill, CA, 94523, USA
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