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Johansson J, Möller M, Markovic G, Borg K. Vision impairment is common in non-hospitalised patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome. Clin Exp Optom 2024; 107:324-331. [PMID: 37201931 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2023.2213826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Vision-related problems can be part of longstanding sequelae after COVID-19 and hamper the return to work and daily activities. Knowledge about symptoms, visual, and oculomotor dysfunctions is however scarce, particularly for non-hospitalised patients. Clinically applicable tools are needed as support in the assessment and determination of intervention needs. BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate vision-related symptoms, assess visual and oculomotor function, and to test the clinical assessment of saccadic eye movements and sensitivity to visual motion in non-hospitalised post-COVID-19 outpatients. The patients (n = 38) in this observational cohort study were recruited from a post-COVID-19 clinic and had been referred for neurocognitive assessment. METHODS Patients who reported vision-related symptoms reading problems and intolerance to movement in the environment were examined. A structured symptom assessment and a comprehensive vision examination were undertaken, and saccadic eye movements and visual motion sensitivity were assessed. RESULTS High symptom scores (26-60%) and prevalence of visual function impairments were observed. An increased symptom score when reading was associated with less efficient saccadic eye movement behaviour (p < 0.001) and binocular dysfunction (p = 0.029). Patients with severe symptoms in visually busy places scored significantly higher on the Visual Motion Sensitivity Clinical Test Protocol (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION Vision-related symptoms and impairments were prevalent in the study group. The Developmental Eye Movement Test and the Visual Motion Sensitivity Clinical Test Protocol showed promise for clinical assessment of saccadic performance and sensitivity to movement in the environment. Further study will be required to explore the utility of these tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Johansson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Möller
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriela Markovic
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristian Borg
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Shukla P, Sharma N, Shaia JK, Cohen DA, Singh RP, Talcott KE. The Risk of Optic Neuritis following mRNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination Compared to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Other Vaccinations. Ophthalmology 2024:S0161-6420(24)00163-5. [PMID: 38408705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the risk of optic neuritis (ON) after mRNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine administration. DESIGN U.S. National aggregate database retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Patients were placed into cohorts based on mRNA COVID-19 vaccination status (no vaccine and positive history of COVID-19 infection, 1 vaccine, or 2 vaccines received) from December 2020 to June 2022. Two control cohorts were created with patients vaccinated against influenza or tetanus diphtheria and pertussis (Tdap) from June 2018 to December 2019. Patients with any history of ON or significant risk factors for ON development including infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic diseases were excluded. METHODS A large deidentified database was queried for the Common Procedural Technology codes for immunization encounters specific to first dose and second dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, influenza, or Tdap. Cohorts were 1:1 propensity score matched on age, sex, race, and ethnicity. The risk of ON development after vaccination was calculated and compared for all 5 cohorts with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reported. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Risk ratio (RR) of ON 21 days after vaccination (or COVID-19 infection) and incidence of ON per 100 000 individuals. RESULTS After matching, the first dose COVID-19 and influenza vaccine cohorts (n = 1 678 598, mean age [standard deviation] at vaccination of 45.5 [23.3] years and 43.2 [25.5] years, 55% female) the RR of developing ON was 0.44 (95% CI, 0.28-0.80). The first dose of COVID-19 and Tdap vaccinations (n = 797 538, mean age 38.9 [20.0] years, 54.2% female) cohort had 10 and 16 patients develop ON (RR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.28-1.38). Comparison of COVID-19-vaccinated patients (n = 3 698 848, 48.2 [21.5] years, 54.7% female) to unvaccinated and COVID-19-infected patients (n = 3 698 848, 49.6 [22.0] years, 55.2% female) showed 49 and 506 patients developing ON, respectively (RR, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.07-0.12). The incidence per 100 000 for ON was 1 in the first dose COVID-19 vaccine cohort, 2 in the influenza cohort, and 2 in the Tdap cohort, and 14 in the COVID-19-infected and unvaccinated cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Risk of ON after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination is rare and comparable to Tdap vaccination, decreased compared with influenza vaccination, and decreased compared with COVID-19 infection in the absence of vaccination. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Shukla
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Neha Sharma
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jacqueline K Shaia
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Devon A Cohen
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rishi P Singh
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; Cleveland Clinic Martin Hospitals, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Stuart, Florida
| | - Katherine E Talcott
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.
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Lin TPH, Sen M, Gupta V, Agrawal R, Lanzetta P, Giannaccare G, Chan CKM, Agrawal K, Menia NK, Rojas-Carabali W, Arora A, Martinuzzi D, Taloni A, Rubinato L, Coco G, Sarao V, Veritti D, Chen L, Honavar SG, Lam DSC. Update on coronavirus disease 2019: Ophthalmic Manifestations and Adverse Reactions to Vaccination. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2023; 12:512-536. [PMID: 38117598 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was one of the most devastating public health issues in recent decades. The ophthalmology community is as concerned about the COVID-19 pandemic as the global public health community is, as COVID-19 was recognized to affect multiple organs in the human body, including the eyes, early in the course of the outbreak. Ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 are highly variable and could range from mild ocular surface abnormalities to potentially sight and life-threatening orbital and neuro-ophthalmic diseases. Furthermore, ophthalmic manifestations may also be the presenting or the only findings in COVID-19 infections. Meanwhile, global vaccination campaigns to attain herd immunity in different populations are the major strategy to mitigate the pandemic. As novel vaccinations against COVID-19 emerged, so were reports on adverse ophthalmic reactions potentially related to such. As the world enters a post-pandemic state where COVID-19 continues to exist and evolve as an endemic globally, the ophthalmology community ought to be aware of and keep abreast of the latest knowledge of ophthalmic associations with COVID-19 and its vaccinations. This review is a summary of the latest literature on the ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 and the adverse ophthalmic reactions related to its vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P H Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mrittika Sen
- Ocular Oncology and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery Services, Raghunath Netralaya, Mumbai, India
| | - Vishali Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupesh Agrawal
- Lee Kong Chiang School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paolo Lanzetta
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Microchirurgia Oculare, Udine, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannaccare
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carmen K M Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kajal Agrawal
- Lee Kong Chiang School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Nitin Kumar Menia
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - William Rojas-Carabali
- Lee Kong Chiang School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Atul Arora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Andrea Taloni
- University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Rubinato
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giulia Coco
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Sarao
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Microchirurgia Oculare, Udine, Italy
| | - Daniele Veritti
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Lizhen Chen
- C-MER (Shenzhen) Dennis Lam Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Santosh G Honavar
- Ocular Oncology and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery Services, Centre for Sight Eye Hospital, Hyderabad, India
| | - Dennis S C Lam
- The International Eye Research Institute of The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
- The C-MER Dennis Lam and Partners Eye Center, C-MER International Eye Care Group, Hong Kong, China
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Keikha M, Zandhaghighi M, Zahedani SS. Optic neuritis associated with COVID-19-related vaccines. VACUNAS 2023; 24:158-159. [PMID: 36590026 PMCID: PMC9792426 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacun.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Keikha
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Zandhaghighi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Shahram Shahraki Zahedani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Bhatti MT, Gilbert AL, Watson G, Waheed M, Spencer D. Shot in the Dark. Surv Ophthalmol 2022:S0039-6257(22)00123-0. [PMID: 36150481 PMCID: PMC9489960 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A 43-year-old woman presented with decreased vision in the right eye associated with painful eye movements 10 days after receiving her first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine (Pfizer Inc, New York, NY). Two days later she developed painful loss of vision in the left eye. Clinical presentation and magnetic resonance imaging findings were consistent with bilateral optic perineuritis transitioning to optic neuritis. Extensive evaluation including aquaporin-4 immunoglobin G (IgG), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG, and lumbar puncture was unrevealing. Visual acuity at nadir was counting fingers in both eyes, but after receiving intravenous steroids and plasma exchange vision eventually improved to 20/20 in each eye, although she was left with inferior visual field defects and bilateral optic disc pallor. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge in the evaluation of atypical optic neuritis with a review of post-COVID-19 vaccination-associated optic neuritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tariq Bhatti
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Permanente Medical Group, Roseville, CA.
| | - Aubrey L Gilbert
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Permanent Medical Group, Vallejo, CA
| | - George Watson
- Department of Neurology, The Permanente Medical Group, Roseville, CA
| | - Mark Waheed
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Permanent Medical Group, Vallejo, CA
| | - Doran Spencer
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Škunca Herman J, Marić G, Ravlić MM, Knežević L, Jerković I, Sušić E, Marić V, Vicković IP, Vatavuk Z, Polašek O. Diplopia, COVID-19 and Vaccination: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Croatia. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091558. [PMID: 36146636 PMCID: PMC9503164 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore diplopia as a symptom of undetected COVID-19 infection or as a possible side effect of COVID-19 vaccination. We examined 380 patients with diplopia admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital Centre Sestre milosrdnice in Zagreb, Croatia, from July 2020 to June 2022. After excluding patients with confirmed organic underlying diplopia causes or monocular diplopia, we linked the patient information with the national COVID-19 and vaccination registries. Among the 91 patients included in this study, previously undetected COVID-19 infection as the possible cause of diplopia was confirmed in five of them (5.5%). An additional nine patients (9.9%) were vaccinated within one month from the onset of their symptoms, while the remaining 77 had neither and were therefore considered as controls. The breakdown according to the mechanism of diplopia showed no substantial difference between the vaccinated patients and the controls. We detected marginally insignificant excess abducens nerve affection in the COVID-positive group compared with that in the controls (p = 0.051). Post-vaccination diplopia was equally common in patients who received vector-based or RNA-based vaccines (21.4 vs. 16.7%; p = 0.694). COVID-19 testing should be performed for all cases of otherwise unexplained diplopia. The risk of post-vaccination diplopia was similar in both types of vaccines administered, suggesting a lack of evidence linking specific vaccine types to diplopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Škunca Herman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Marić
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Malenica Ravlić
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lana Knežević
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Jerković
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ena Sušić
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vedrana Marić
- Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivanka Petric Vicković
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Vatavuk
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Algebra LAB, Algebra University College, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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Mortensen PW, Wong TY, Milea D, Lee AG. The Eye Is a Window to Systemic and Neuro-Ophthalmic Diseases. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2022; 11:91-93. [PMID: 35533329 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Mortensen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, US
| | - Tien Y Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Milea
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Copenhagen University, Denmark
| | - Andrew G Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, US
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, US
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, US
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, US
- Texas A and M College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas, US
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, US
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