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McNamara CT, Iorio ML, Greyson M. Concepts in soft-tissue reconstruction of the contracted hand and upper extremity after burn injury. Front Surg 2023; 10:1118810. [PMID: 37206342 PMCID: PMC10188946 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1118810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Burns and their subsequent contracture result in devastating functional and aesthetic consequences which disproportionally affect the upper extremity. By focusing on reconstruction with analogous tissue and utilizing the reconstructive elevator, function can be restored concomitantly with form and aesthetic appearance. General concepts for soft-tissue reconstruction after burn contracture are presented for different sub-units and joints.
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Neville SE, Zidan T, Williams A, Rotabi-Casares KS. Child maltreatment and protection in the Arab Gulf Cooperation Council countries: A scoping review. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 134:105924. [PMID: 36244212 PMCID: PMC10511143 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on child maltreatment and protection in the Arab Gulf Cooperation Council countries-Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE)-is limited but growing, as is child protection as a sector. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify themes and gaps in existing research on child maltreatment and protection, identify opportunities for building capacity in research and practice. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING N/A. METHODS We conducted a scoping review of empirical studies published in peer-reviewed journals in English and Arabic and reported methods and findings according to the PRISMA-ScR reporting protocol. Articles were coded by country, topic of research, and type of abuse studied, if any. RESULTS Our database search returned 6109 articles and 160 articles were included in our review. Themes included (1) prevalence, incidence, and characteristics of maltreatment, (2) outcomes associated with maltreatment, (3) attitudes, awareness, and reporting, (4) accidental injury and death potentially associated with neglect, (5) policy and practice. Eighty-seven articles studied Saudi Arabia, while 28 studied the UAE, 21 Kuwait, 13 Qatar, 12 Oman, and 11 Bahrain. Physical abuse was studied in 77 articles, followed by sexual abuse in 54 articles and emotional abuse in 54. CONCLUSION Although the medical community produces an encouraging volume of child maltreatment research, gaps remain. Intervention research is lacking, and further inquiry into family dynamics, culture, and spirituality could inform the development of effective interventions. Cross-sectoral collaboration among education, social work, law enforcement, and healthcare is also needed to safeguard children's rights in the GCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarek Zidan
- Indiana University School of Social Work, 1800 Mishawaka Ave., South Bend, IN, USA.
| | - Adam Williams
- Boston College Social Work Library, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
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Alsaif A, Karam M, Hayre A, Abul A, Aldubaikhi A, Kahlar N. Full Thickness Skin Graft versus Split Thickness Skin Graft in Paediatric Patients with Hand Burns: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Burns 2022:S0305-4179(22)00249-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Perinjelil V, Haake RS, Ahmed A, Al-Daoud F, Maraqa T, Mercer L, Wong K, Morris S, Scholten D, Sachwani-Daswani G. A Single Center Review of the Dangers of Recreational Fires in the Pediatric Population. J Burn Care Res 2021; 42:182-185. [PMID: 33200770 PMCID: PMC7940499 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/iraa095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The increasing trend of admissions due to recreational fires prompted a 5-year review. The retrospective chart review of pediatric burn injuries from campfires or bonfires treated at a single medical center's burn unit. The study included children within the ages of 0 to 15 admitted or transferred from January 2012 to December 2016 with first, second, and/or third degree burns by bonfires. These patients accrued burns due to active fires as well as postfire ember contact. Two hundred-eighty nine (289) were pediatric admissions out of which 66 (22.8%) were pediatric admissions associated with recreational fires. The mean annual admission for campfire or bonfire burns was 13 ± .98. The mean age was 4 ± 2.47 years. Gender distribution revealed 21 female and 45 male pediatric patients under the age of 15. From the available data, 8 (12%) of these burns occurred at home in the backyard and 16 (24%) at a public camp or park. Injury mechanisms were more commonly a result of direct contact with hot coals and embers (65%). Falls into open flame accounted for 23% (n = 15) of injuries, and flash flames accounted for 12% of injuries (n = 8). The presence of supervision was unknown in 56%; however, lack of supervision was a factor in 14% of our study population. By gaining a better understanding of the type of injury, mechanism of injury, and the demographic of recreational fire burn victims, policy, and awareness campaigns were instituted in an effort to reduce the incidence of recreational fire burns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Afroze Ahmed
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.,Henry Ford Wyandotte Hospital, Wyandotte, Michigan
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Al-Hajj S, Pike I, Oneissi A, Zheng A, Abu-Sittah G. Pediatric Burns Among Refugee Communities in Lebanon: Evidence to Inform Policies and Programs. J Burn Care Res 2019; 40:769-775. [PMID: 31368496 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irz080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Burn-related injury is a global public health problem with significant rates of morbidity and mortality. The adverse effect of burn leads to substantial functional, psychological, and economic repercussions. Low- and middle-income countries, including Lebanon, carry a disproportionately greater burden of burn injuries. This study adopted a mixed method approach to explore burn-related injuries in a sample (n = 347) of refugee children settling in Lebanon. We reviewed 179 cases of patients records that met the criteria of a child aged 0 to 19 years and has sustained a burn due to living conditions. War-related burn injuries were excluded. The findings demonstrate that there is a significantly higher proportion of 0- to 4-year-olds with burn injuries (53.6%) compared with the older age groups. Scald burns, caused by boiling liquid, were the most common cause of burns (58.6%), followed by fire/open flame (12.8%) and heat contact (6.7%). Upper trunk and arm burns were significantly higher than other body parts (35.2%), females were among the potential at-risk group with due to boiling liquids caused by food preparation and serving. Fifteen to nineteen years showed a high proportion of fire/flame burn caused by labor accident. Qualitative analysis of case reports further confirmed our findings and emphasized the impact of low socioeconomic status, overcrowded living conditions and open floor cooking and heating on increasing risk of pediatric burns. Additional research is needed to increase understanding on risk factors pertaining to pediatric burns in the refugee community with a view to integrating appropriate preventive measures and informing evidence-based policies and programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Al-Hajj
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ian Pike
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ahmad Oneissi
- Surgery Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon
| | - Alex Zheng
- British Columbia Injury Research and Prevention Unit, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ghassan Abu-Sittah
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon
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Prasetyono T, Caroline I. The role of two-sided splinting for recalcitrant paediatric post-burn hand flexion contracture: a case report. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2017; 99:e185-e187. [PMID: 28660834 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2017.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 2-year-old boy presented to the plastic and reconstructive surgery outpatient clinic with bilateral post-burn hand flexion contracture. The contracture had been released twice elsewhere. The third surgical repair on one hand at a time was conducted by the author (TOHP). However, inadeq.uate compliance to the postoperative splinting and exercise led to the recurrence of the contracture in the following year. A customised two-sided splint was therefore created to ensure proper placement and compliance. Reinforcement to the parents to encourage the boy to practise active exercise on demand was also an integral part of the management. Good functional and cosmetic outcome were presented at 1-year follow-up. This case highlights the value of a two-sided splint for the management of post-burn hand flexion contracture in children whose compliance is inevitably cannot be guaranteed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toh Prasetyono
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta , Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta , Indonesia
| | - I Caroline
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta , Indonesia
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Bitter CC, Erickson TB. Management of Burn Injuries in the Wilderness: Lessons from Low-Resource Settings. Wilderness Environ Med 2016; 27:519-525. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Alharthy N, Al Mutairi M, AlQueflie S, Nefesa AB, Manie NB, Nafesa SB, Al Zahrani FS. Pattern of burns identified in the Pediatrics Emergency Department at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City: Riyadh. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2016; 7:16-21. [PMID: 27003963 PMCID: PMC4780160 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.175019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of the study was to report the incidence of pediatric burn injuries and describe the pattern and the trend of pediatrics burns seen in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Data collected through chart review of pediatrics patients aged 1-month to 14 years who presented with a burn injury to the pediatric emergency department during the year 2013. Burn patients were divided into two groups based on the percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) burned: Either <10% or more than 10%. Variables were compared between the two groups to identify the risk factors associated with more than 10% body surface area involvement. Results: Burn incidence rate was 4.9 patients/1000/year. Children with burns on more than 10% TBSA accounted for 16% incidence (0.8/1000 emergency department patients). The burn injury severity ranged from 1% TBSA to 37%, with a mean of 5%. The proportion of male and female burn patients was 54.1% and 45.9%, respectively. Children between 1 and 3 years of age sustained the majority (48.6%) of burn injuries. Scald burns were found to be the most common cause of injury. Hot water and beverages were considered root for most of the scald burn injuries. As children advance in age, scald injury becomes less likely, and they are more obviously subjected to flame burn injuries. Burn injuries sustained at home were 35% compared to 2.7% occurring outside the home. None of the study variables were good predictors for severe burn injuries affecting more than 10% TBSA. Conclusion: The incidence and the severity of burn injuries remain high at the national level. Burn injuries continue to affect the pediatric population, predominantly, young children, which indicate the need for increasing parent educational programs and government regulations. Because we reported scald burns as the most common causes of burn injury, which are consistent with previous national reports, we recommend having legislation that focuses on scald burn prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin Alharthy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Al Mutairi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman AlQueflie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aminah Bin Nefesa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najd Bin Manie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salahaldin Bin Nafesa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Saeed Al Zahrani
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Objectives: To identify the epidemiology, pattern, outcome, and impact of infant burns in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of admitted infants charts over 4 years (2008-2013) at the Burn Unit of King Fahad Hospital, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. The charts were reviewed for age, gender, etiology, site of injury, total body surface area (TBSA), depth of burn, hospital stay, and discharge status. Results: The total number of admissions to the Burn Unit was 510 cases. Out of these cases, 84 were infants, constituting 16.5% of total admissions. Scald burn was the most common etiology affecting 73 infants (86.9%). The highest percentage of total body surface area was between 5-10%, which occurred in 41 infants (48.8%). The average hospital stay was 10 days. No infant mortality was reported during this period. Conclusion: The prevalence of burns among infants in our hospital is high, and preventive measures must be implemented to decrease the occurrence of burns in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulla K Alsalman
- Plastic Surgery Department, King Fahad Hospital, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Prasetyono TOH, Sadikin PM, Saputra DKA. The use of split-thickness versus full-thickness skin graft to resurface volar aspect of pediatric burned hands: A systematic review. Burns 2015; 41:890-906. [PMID: 25720658 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to discuss the comparison of split-thickness skin graft (STSG) and full-thickness skin graft (FTSG) use as the treatment for volar digital and palmar burns in children. METHODS We conducted PubMed and Cochrane Library searches using keywords "hand injuries", "contracture" and "skin transplantation". The search was limited to studies published from 1st January 1980 until 31st December 2013 and used English language. We selected the studies based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. We assessed the quality of the studies by using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies. RESULTS We included eight articles in our systematic review. One of those studies is a prospective cohort study and the others are retrospective cohort studies. Based on combined range of motion (ROM) evaluation in three studies, STSG group yielded poorer functional outcomes than FTSG group. However, there is no study which can fairly show that FTSG was significantly superior to STSG to achieve good functional outcomes. CONCLUSION Currently, there is no strong, high-quality evidence to prove that FTSG is superior to STSG to cover pediatric palmar burns. Either FTSG or STSG can be utilized with consideration of several influential factors especially splinting and physiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theddeus O H Prasetyono
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital/Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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Functional and Cosmetic Outcome of Full- Versus Split-Thickness Skin Grafts in Pediatric Palmar Surface Burns. J Burn Care Res 2013; 34:232-6. [DOI: 10.1097/bcr.0b013e31826fc53d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Statewide Ban on Recreational Fires Resulted in a Significant Decrease in Campfire-Related Summer Burn Center Admissions. J Burn Care Res 2013; 34:74-7. [DOI: 10.1097/bcr.0b013e3182676cab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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The Use of Acellular Dermal Matrix in Release of Burn Contracture Scars in the Hand. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 127:1593-1599. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e31820a6511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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