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Azizan S, Cheng KJ, Mejia Mohamed EH, Ibrahim K, Faruqu FN, Vellasamy KM, Khong TL, Syafruddin SE, Ibrahim ZA. Insights into the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer: A systematic review and bioinformatic analysis of gene expression. Gene 2024; 896:148057. [PMID: 38043836 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked as the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, mainly due to metastasis. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex cellular process that drives CRC metastasis, regulated by changes in EMT-associated gene expression. However, while numerous genes have been identified as EMT regulators through various in vivo and in vitro studies, little is known about the genes that are differentially expressed in CRC tumour tissue and their signalling pathway in regulating EMT. Using an integration of systematic search and bioinformatic analysis, gene expression profiles of CRC tumour tissues were compared to non-tumour adjacent tissues to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by performing systematic review on common identified DEGs. Fifty-eight common DEGs were identified from the analysis of 82 tumour tissue samples obtained from four gene expression datasets (NCBI GEO). These DEGS were then systematically searched for their roles in modulating EMT in CRC based on previously published studies. Following this, 10 common DEGs (CXCL1, CXCL8, MMP1, MMP3, MMP7, TACSTD2, VIP, HPGD, ABCG2, CLCA4) were included in this study and subsequently subjected to further bioinformatic analysis. Their roles and functions in modulating EMT in CRC were discussed in this review. This study enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying EMT and uncovers potential candidate genes and pathways that could be targeted in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suha Azizan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kim Jun Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Kamariah Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farid Nazer Faruqu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kumutha Malar Vellasamy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tak Loon Khong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Effendi Syafruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zaridatul Aini Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Cho O, Lee JW, Jeong YJ, Kim LK, Jung BK, Heo TH. Celastrol, which targets IL-2/CD25 binding inhibition, induces T cell-mediated antitumor activity in melanoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 962:176239. [PMID: 38043776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) induces contrasting immune responses depending on its binding receptor subunit; thus, selective receptor binding is considered a key challenge in cancer therapeutic strategies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the inhibition of IL-2 action and antitumor activity of celastrol (CEL), a compound identified in a screen for IL-2/CD25 binding inhibitors, and to elucidate the underlying role of CEL in immune cells. We found that CEL selectively impairs the binding of IL-2 and CD25 and directly binds to IL-2 but not to CD25. CEL significantly suppressed the proliferation and signaling of IL-2-dependent murine T cells and interfered with IL-2-responsive STAT5 phosphorylation in IL-2 reporter cells and human PBMCs. After confirming the impact of CEL on IL-2, we evaluated its antitumor activity in C57BL/6 mice bearing B16F10 tumors and found that CEL significantly inhibited tumor growth by increasing CD8+ T cells. We also found that CEL did not inhibit tumor growth in T cell-deficient BALB/c nude mice, suggesting that its activity was mediated by the T-cell response. Moreover, combination therapy with low-dose CEL and a TNFR2 antagonist synergistically improved the therapeutic efficacy of the individual monotherapies by increasing the ratio of intratumoral CD8/Treg cells and suppressing Foxp3 expression. These findings suggest that CEL, which inhibits CD25 binding by targeting IL-2, exerts antitumor activity by mediating the T-cell response and could be a promising candidate for combination therapy in cancer immunotherapy against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okki Cho
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Woon Lee
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Jeong
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee Kyung Kim
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Jung
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwe Heo
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
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Sosna B, Aebisher D, Myśliwiec A, Dynarowicz K, Bartusik-Aebisher D, Oleś P, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A. Selected Cytokines and Metalloproteinases in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:202. [PMID: 38203373 PMCID: PMC10779120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a collective term for two diseases: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). There are many factors, e.g., genetic, environmental and immunological, that increase the likelihood of these diseases. Indicators of IBDs include extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The aim of this review is to present data on the role of selected cytokines and metalloproteinases in IBD. In recent years, more and more transcriptomic studies are emerging. These studies are improving the characterization of the cytokine microenvironment inside inflamed tissue. It is observed that the levels of several cytokines are consistently increased in inflamed tissue in IBD, both in UC and CD. This review shows that MMPs play a major role in the pathology of inflammatory processes, cancer, and IBD. IBD-associated inflammation is associated with increased expression of MMPs and reduced ability of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) to inhibit their action. In IBD patients in tissues that are inflamed, MMPs are produced in excess and TIMP activity is not sufficient to block MMPs. This review is based on our personal selection of the literature that was retrieved by a selective search in PubMed using the terms "Inflammatory bowel disease" and "pathogenesis of Inflammatory bowel diseases" that includes systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials. The involvement of the immune system in the pathophysiology of IBD is reviewed in terms of the role of the cytokines and metalloproteinases involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sosna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; (B.S.); (P.O.); (G.C.)
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Angelika Myśliwiec
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.M.); (K.D.)
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.M.); (K.D.)
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Piotr Oleś
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; (B.S.); (P.O.); (G.C.)
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; (B.S.); (P.O.); (G.C.)
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; (B.S.); (P.O.); (G.C.)
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Li X, Ling Y, Huang X, Zhou T, Wu S, Zhang S, Zhou H, Kang Y, Wang L, Wang X, Yin W. Rosa Roxburghii Tratt Fruit Extract Prevents Dss-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and the IL-17 Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:4560. [PMID: 37960213 PMCID: PMC10650662 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a non-specific inflammatory bowel illness characterized by intestinal mucosal barrier degradation, inflammation, oxidative damage, and gut microbiota imbalances. Rosa roxburghii Tratt Fruit extract (RRTE) was extracted from Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit, exhibiting an excellent prevention effect against UC; RRTE could prevent the damage of DSS-induced human normal colonic epithelial (NCM 460) cells, especially in cell viability and morphology, and oxidative damage. Additionally, in UC mice, RRTE could limit the intestinal mucosal barrier by increasing the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins and mucin, reducing inflammation and oxidative damage in colon tissue. More importantly, RRTE can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria to regulate gut microbiota such as Ruminococcus, Turicibacter, and Parabacteroides, and reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Shigella. Furthermore, transcriptomics of colonic mucosal findings point out that the beneficial effect of RRTE on UC could be attributed to the modulation of inflammatory responses such as the IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways. The qPCR results confirm that RRTE did involve the regulation of several genes in the IL-17 signaling pathway. In conclusion, RRTE could prevent DSS-induced damage both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Yihan Ling
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China;
| | - Ting Zhou
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Shouxun Wu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Heting Zhou
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Yuhong Kang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Liqun Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Wenya Yin
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.K.); (L.W.); (X.W.)
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5
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Zhou Y, Wang L, Zhou F. Clinical Significance of MMP7 Levels in Colorectal Cancer Patients Receiving FOLFOX4 Chemotherapy Treatment. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:2671-2678. [PMID: 37398512 PMCID: PMC10312346 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s416363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Various studies have shown an association between the anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil and matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7). The expression of MMP7 in the serum of colorectal cancer patients, as well as their sensitivity to chemotherapy, were examined using the FOLFOX4 chemotherapy treatment. Methods Serum samples were taken from 216 colorectal cancer patients who had undergone four cycles of gemcitabine and cisplatin treatment. The sera of 216 healthy persons were used as controls. MMP7 levels in the serum were measured by ELISA. Demographic and survival data were collected. Results MMP7 levels were not associated with sex, age, peritoneal dissemination, liver metastasis, lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, or venous invasion in CRC patients, but were associated with histological grade, tumor size, TNM stage, and depth of tumor invasion. Patients' serum MMP7 expression reduced after treatment. MMP7 expression was significantly lower chemotherapy-sensitive patients compared with chemotherapy-resistant patients. Elevated MMP7 expression was associated with worse prognosis and chemotherapy-sensitive patients had markedly better overall survival compared with chemotherapy-resistant patients. Conclusion MMP7 expression was potentially associated with the development of colorectal cancer and elevated levels were associated with chemoresistance in CRC patients. Serum MMP7 levels can be used to screen for drug resistance during FOLFOX4 chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeting Zhou
- Xuzhou Medical University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Shuyang People’s Hospital, Suqian, 221000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leiming Wang
- Xuzhou Medical University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Shuyang People’s Hospital, Suqian, 221000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Xuzhou Medical University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Shuyang People’s Hospital, Suqian, 221000, People’s Republic of China
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Wang C, Dai S, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Gong L, Fu K, Ma C, Peng C, Li Y. Celastrol as an emerging anticancer agent: Current status, challenges and therapeutic strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114882. [PMID: 37196541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Celastrol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F., which has multiple pharmacological activities. In particular, modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that celastrol exhibits significant broad-spectrum anticancer activities in the treatment of a variety of cancers, including lung cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, hematological malignancies, gastric cancer, prostate cancer, renal carcinoma, breast cancer, bone tumor, brain tumor, cervical cancer, and ovarian cancer. Therefore, by searching the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and CNKI, this review comprehensively summarizes the molecular mechanisms of the anticancer effects of celastrol. According to the data, the anticancer effects of celastrol can be mediated by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, inducing cell apoptosis, suppressing autophagy, hindering angiogenesis and inhibiting tumor metastasis. More importantly, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Bcl-2/Bax-caspase 9/3, EGFR, ROS/JNK, NF-κB, STAT3, JNK/Nrf2/HO-1, VEGF, AR/miR-101, HSF1-LKB1-AMPKα-YAP, Wnt/β-catenin and CIP2A/c-MYC signaling pathways are considered as important molecular targets for the anticancer effects of celastrol. Subsequently, studies of its toxicity and pharmacokinetic properties showed that celastrol has some adverse effects, low oral bioavailability and a narrow therapeutic window. In addition, the current challenges of celastrol and the corresponding therapeutic strategies are also discussed, thus providing a theoretical basis for the development and application of celastrol in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xingtao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yafang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lihong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ke Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Liu X, Hu Y, Li C, Chen J, Liu X, Shen Y, Xu Y, Chen W, Xu X. Overexpression of YEATS2 Remodels the Extracellular Matrix to Promote Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061850. [PMID: 36980736 PMCID: PMC10046954 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers and the fourth leading cause of death in men. YEATS domain containing 2 (YEATS2) gene encodes a scaffolding subunit of the ATAC complex. We found that YEATS2 was upregulated in HCC tissues and was associated with a poor prognosis. However, the role of YEATS2 in HCC remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of YEATS2 on the progression of HCC and to elucidate its related mechanisms. We found that overexpression of YEATS2 promoted tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and regulation of extracellular matrix. These findings help to understand the role of YEATS2 in HCC, and YEATS2 may become a new target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Cairong Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yangtao Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wenliang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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Wang X, Chauhan G, Tacderas ARL, Muth A, Gupta V. Surface-Modified Inhaled Microparticle-Encapsulated Celastrol for Enhanced Efficacy in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5204. [PMID: 36982279 PMCID: PMC10049545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive cancer affecting the pleural lining of the lungs. Celastrol (Cela), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, has demonstrated promising therapeutic potential as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective agent, and anti-cancer agent. In this study, we developed inhaled surface-modified Cela-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microparticles (Cela MPs) for the treatment of MPM using a double emulsion solvent evaporation method. The optimized Cela MPs exhibited high entrapment efficiency (72.8 ± 6.1%) and possessed a wrinkled surface with a mean geometric diameter of ~2 µm and an aerodynamic diameter of 4.5 ± 0.1 µm, suggesting them to be suitable for pulmonary delivery. A subsequent release study showed an initial burst release up to 59.9 ± 2.9%, followed by sustained release. The therapeutic efficacy of Cela MPs was evaluated against four mesothelioma cell lines, where Cela MP exhibited significant reduction in IC50 values, and blank MPs produced no toxicity to normal cells. Additionally, a 3D-spheroid study was performed where a single dose of Cela MP at 1.0 µM significantly inhibited spheroid growth. Cela MP was also able to retain the antioxidant activity of Cela only while mechanistic studies revealed triggered autophagy and an induction of apoptosis. Therefore, these studies highlight the anti-mesothelioma activity of Cela and demonstrate that Cela MPs are a promising inhalable medicine for MPM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Gautam Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Alison R. L. Tacderas
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Aaron Muth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
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9
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Peptide-functionalized graphene oxide quantum dots as colorectal cancer theranostics. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:698-713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Zhang L, Hu X, Meng Q, Li Y, Shen H, Fu Y, Zhang F, Chen J, Zhang W, Chang W, Pan Y. SHP2 inhibition improves celastrol-induced growth suppression of colorectal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:929087. [PMID: 36120370 PMCID: PMC9477229 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.929087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore novel targets for celastrol sensitization in colorectal cancer (CRC) based on differentially regulated signals in response to high- or low-dose celastrol. Targeting signals were investigated using Western blotting or phosphorylated receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) arrays. Corresponding inhibitors for the signals were individually combined with low-dose celastrol for the assessment of combined anti-CRC effects, based on proliferation, apoptosis, colony assays, and xenograft models. The potential mechanism for the combination of celastrol and SHP2 inhibition was further examined. Low-dose celastrol (<1 µM) did not effectively suppress AKT and ERK signals in CRC cells compared to high-dose celastrol (>1 µM). However, when combined with an AKT or ERK inhibitor, low-dose celastrol could cooperatively suppress CRC proliferation. Furthermore, failed AKT or ERK inhibition by low-dose celastrol may be due to reactivated RTK-SHP2 signaling with negative feedback. The combination of celastrol and the SHP2 inhibitor resulted in greatly reduced AKT and ERK signals, as well as greater inhibition of CRC growth than celastrol alone. Moreover, the mechanism underlying combination suppression was also involved in the activation of immune cell infiltration (mainly for CD8+ cells) in CRC tissues. Failure to inhibit RTK-SHP2-AKT/ERK signaling contributed to the lack of CRC growth suppression by low-dose celastrol. However, the combination of celastrol and the SHP2 inhibitor resulted in synergistic inhibition of CRC growth and provided a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxi Zhang
- Department of Navy Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Hu
- Department of Navy Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingying Meng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Navy Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yating Fu
- Department of Navy Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Navy Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Navy Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yamin Pan, ; Wenjun Chang, ; Wei Zhang,
| | - Wenjun Chang
- Department of Navy Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yamin Pan, ; Wenjun Chang, ; Wei Zhang,
| | - Yamin Pan
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yamin Pan, ; Wenjun Chang, ; Wei Zhang,
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11
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Dubois-Pot-Schneider H, Aninat C, Kattler K, Fekir K, Jarnouen K, Cerec V, Glaise D, Salhab A, Gasparoni G, Takashi K, Ishida S, Walter J, Corlu A. Transcriptional and Epigenetic Consequences of DMSO Treatment on HepaRG Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152298. [PMID: 35892596 PMCID: PMC9331440 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used to sustain or favor hepatocyte differentiation in vitro. Thus, DMSO is used in the differentiation protocol of the HepaRG cells that present the closest drug-metabolizing enzyme activities to primary human hepatocytes in culture. The aim of our study is to clarify its influence on liver-specific gene expression. For that purpose, we performed a large-scale analysis (gene expression and histone modification) to determine the global role of DMSO exposure during the differentiation process of the HepaRG cells. The addition of DMSO drives the upregulation of genes mainly regulated by PXR and PPARα whereas genes not affected by this addition are regulated by HNF1α, HNF4α, and PPARα. DMSO-differentiated-HepaRG cells show a differential expression for genes regulated by histone acetylation, while differentiated-HepaRG cells without DMSO show gene signatures associated with histone deacetylases. In addition, we observed an interplay between cytoskeleton organization and EMC remodeling with hepatocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Dubois-Pot-Schneider
- INSERM, Université de Rennes, INRAE, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.A.); (K.F.); (K.J.); (V.C.); (D.G.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-372746115
| | - Caroline Aninat
- INSERM, Université de Rennes, INRAE, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.A.); (K.F.); (K.J.); (V.C.); (D.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Kathrin Kattler
- Department of Genetics, University of Saarland (UdS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (K.K.); (A.S.); (G.G.); (J.W.)
| | - Karim Fekir
- INSERM, Université de Rennes, INRAE, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.A.); (K.F.); (K.J.); (V.C.); (D.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Kathleen Jarnouen
- INSERM, Université de Rennes, INRAE, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.A.); (K.F.); (K.J.); (V.C.); (D.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Virginie Cerec
- INSERM, Université de Rennes, INRAE, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.A.); (K.F.); (K.J.); (V.C.); (D.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Denise Glaise
- INSERM, Université de Rennes, INRAE, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.A.); (K.F.); (K.J.); (V.C.); (D.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Abdulrahman Salhab
- Department of Genetics, University of Saarland (UdS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (K.K.); (A.S.); (G.G.); (J.W.)
| | - Gilles Gasparoni
- Department of Genetics, University of Saarland (UdS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (K.K.); (A.S.); (G.G.); (J.W.)
| | - Kubo Takashi
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 2109501, Japan; (K.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Seiichi Ishida
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 2109501, Japan; (K.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics, University of Saarland (UdS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (K.K.); (A.S.); (G.G.); (J.W.)
| | - Anne Corlu
- INSERM, Université de Rennes, INRAE, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.A.); (K.F.); (K.J.); (V.C.); (D.G.); (A.C.)
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12
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Alba J, Barcia R, Gutiérrez-Berzal J, Ramos-Martínez JI. Could inhibition of metalloproteinases be used to block the process of metastasis? Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:600-607. [PMID: 35789101 PMCID: PMC9544369 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a multisequential process that allows tumor cells to migrate to tissues distant from the primary tumor. Only a small number of cells escape from the primary tumor; however, the metastases generated are responsible for more than 90% of cancer deaths. Many metastatic processes initially require the total or partial start‐up of a program for the transformation of tumor epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells (EMT). The launching of the EMT program is stimulated by cytokines and other elements produced by the diverse types of cells composing the tumor stroma. In parallel, a process of destabilization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) takes place by means of the synthesis of proteases of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family. EMC degradation allows the exportation of some tumor cells as mesenchymal cells to the circulatory system and their subsequent implantation in a tissue distant from the primary tumor. The blocking of these both processes appears as a hypothetical stop point in the metastatic mechanism. The present review deals with the different options to achieve the inhibition of MMPs, focusing on MMP7 as a target given its involvement in the metastatic processes of a wide variety of tumors. The simultaneous implantation of the epithelial–mesenchymal program and the synthesis and activation of matrix metalloproteinases during the first phases of the metastasis process is known. The inhibition of proteases could constitute a possible blockage of the process. The review describes the evolution of the different inhibition mechanisms that could inform applicable therapeutic mechanisms for the paralysis of the metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Alba
- Histobiomol, Hospital POLUSA, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ramiro Barcia
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Juan I Ramos-Martínez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
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13
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Evidence for Anticancer Effects of Chinese Medicine Monomers on Colorectal Cancer. Chin J Integr Med 2022; 28:939-952. [PMID: 35419728 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly occurring cancers worldwide. Although clinical reports have indicated the anticancer effects of Chinese herbal medicine, the multiple underlying molecular and biochemical mechanisms of action remain to be fully characterized. Chinese medicine (CM) monomers, which are the active components of CM, serve as the material basis of the functional mechanisms of CM. The aim of this review is to summarize the current experimental evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies for the effects of CM monomers in colorectal cancer prevention and treatment, providing some useful references for future research.
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14
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Arredondo-Amador M, González R, Aranda CJ, Martínez-Augustin O, Sánchez de Medina F. Mice carrying an epithelial deletion of the glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 develop a higher tumor load in experimental colitis-associated cancer. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G705-G718. [PMID: 34669484 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00384.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 is expressed in multiple cell types in the gut and elsewhere. Intestinal epithelial cells both produce and respond to glucocorticoids in different physiological and pathological contexts. In experimental colitis, glucocorticoids have been shown to exert a dual role, dampening inflammation while producing a deterioration in animal status, including death. Mice with tamoxifen-inducible, intestinal epithelial-specific deletion of NR3C1 (NR3C1ΔIEC mice) are protected against experimental colitis, suggesting glucocorticoid epithelial actions are deleterious. Since glucocorticoids modulate epithelial proliferation, it follows that they may affect the development of colon cancer. In this study, we set out to test this hypothesis using the dextran sulfate sodium-azoxymethane model of colitis-associated cancer. Knockout (KO) mice were found to exhibit a twofold higher tumor load but similar incidence and tumor size. Tumors had a higher trend to extend close to the submucosal layer (36% vs. 0%) in NR3C1ΔIEC mice, and overexpressed Lgr5, Egfr, and Myc, consistent with distinct expression of proliferative/stemness markers. Snai1 and Snai2 were upregulated specifically in tumors of NR3C1ΔIEC mice, suggesting enhanced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in the absence of the intestinal epithelial glucocorticoid (GC) receptor. We conclude that endogenous GC epithelial signaling is involved in colitis-associated cancer.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Mice carrying a tamoxifen-inducible deletion of the glucocorticoid receptor in intestinal epithelial cells (NR3C1ΔIEC mice) and their corresponding controls were subjected to the azoxymethane-dextran sulfate sodium model of colitis-associated cancer. KO mice exhibit a twofold higher tumor load, with a higher trend to extend close to the submucosal layer (36% vs. 0%), but with similar incidence and tumor size. Colonic tumors in NR3C1ΔIEC mice showed signs of increased neoplastic transformation and tumor-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Arredondo-Amador
- Department of Pharmacology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel González
- Department of Pharmacology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos J Aranda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Olga Martínez-Augustin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Fermín Sánchez de Medina
- Department of Pharmacology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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15
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Wang T, Lyu CY, Jiang YH, Dong XY, Wang Y, Li ZH, Wang JX, Xu RR. A drug-biomarker interaction model to predict the key targets of Scutellaria barbata D. Don in adverse-risk acute myeloid leukaemia. Mol Divers 2021; 25:2351-2365. [PMID: 32676746 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A poor prognosis, relapse and resistance are burning issues during adverse-risk acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) treatment. As a natural medicine, Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SBD) has shown impressive antitumour activity in various cancers. Thus, SBD may become a potential drug in adverse-risk AML treatment. This study aimed to screen the key targets of SBD in adverse-risk AML using the drug-biomarker interaction model through bioinformatics and network pharmacology methods. First, the adverse-risk AML-related critical biomarkers and targets of SBD active ingredient were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and several pharmacophore matching databases. Next, the protein-protein interaction network was constructed, and topological analysis and pathway enrichment were used to screen key targets and main pathways of intervention of SBD in adverse-risk AML. Finally, molecular docking was implemented for key target verification. The results suggest that luteolin and quercetin are the main active components of SBD against adverse-risk AML, and affected drug resistance, apoptosis, immune regulation and angiogenesis through the core targets AKT1, MAPK1, IL6, EGFR, SRC, VEGFA and TP53. We hope the proposed drug-biomarker interaction model provides an effective strategy for the research and development of antitumour drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yi Lyu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Hua Jiang
- Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Shandong, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yan Dong
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Hong Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Xin Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Rong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Akter R, Najda A, Rahman MH, Shah M, Wesołowska S, Hassan SSU, Mubin S, Bibi P, Saeeda S. Potential Role of Natural Products to Combat Radiotherapy and Their Future Perspectives. Molecules 2021; 26:5997. [PMID: 34641542 PMCID: PMC8512367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) are the common cancer treatments. In addition to these limitations, the development of adverse effects from chemotherapy and RT reduces the quality of life for cancer patients. Cellular radiosensitivity, or the ability to resist and overcome cell damage caused by ionizing radiation (IR), is directly related to cancer cells' response to RT. Therefore, radiobiological research is emphasizing chemical compounds 'radiosensitization of cancer cells so that they are more reactive in the IR spectrum. Recent years researchers have seen an increase in interest in natural products that have antitumor effects with minimal side effects. Natural products, on the other hand, are easy to recover and therefore less expensive. There have been several scientific studies done based on these compounds that have tested their ability in vitro and in vivo to induce tumor radiosensitization. The role of natural products in RT, as well as their usefulness and potential applications, is the goal of this current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokeya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh;
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, Korea
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani Street, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
| | - Muddaser Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (P.B.); (S.S.)
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Sylwia Wesołowska
- Institute of Soil Science and Environment Shaping, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 7 Leszczyńskiego Street, 20-069 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Sidra Mubin
- Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 21310, Pakistan;
| | - Parveen Bibi
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (P.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Saeeda Saeeda
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (P.B.); (S.S.)
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17
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Shaath H, Toor SM, Nada MA, Elkord E, Alajez NM. Integrated whole transcriptome and small RNA analysis revealed multiple regulatory networks in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14456. [PMID: 34262080 PMCID: PMC8280114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a global disease burden and a leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. The identification of aberrantly expressed messenger RNA (mRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA), and the resulting molecular interactions and signaling networks is essential for better understanding of CRC, identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers and potential development of therapeutic interventions. Herein, we performed microRNA (miRNA) sequencing on fifteen CRC and their non-tumor adjacent tissues and whole transcriptome RNA-Seq on six paired samples from the same cohort and identified alterations in miRNA, mRNA, and lncRNA expression. Computational analyses using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) identified multiple activated signaling networks in CRC, including ERBB2, RABL6, FOXM1, and NFKB networks, while functional annotation highlighted activation of cell proliferation and migration as the hallmark of CRC. IPA in combination with in silico prediction algorithms and experimentally validated databases gave insight into the complex associations and interactions between downregulated miRNAs and upregulated mRNAs in CRC and vice versa. Additionally, potential interaction between differentially expressed lncRNAs such as H19, SNHG5, and GATA2-AS1 with multiple miRNAs has been revealed. Taken together, our data provides thorough analysis of dysregulated protein-coding and non-coding RNAs in CRC highlighting numerous associations and regulatory networks thus providing better understanding of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibah Shaath
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center (TCIC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salman M Toor
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Eyad Elkord
- Biomedical Research Center, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester, UK
| | - Nehad M Alajez
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar.
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center (TCIC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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18
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Zhu ML, Li JC, Wang L, Zhong X, Zhang YW, Tan RZ, Wang HL, Fan JM, Wang L. Decursin inhibits the growth of HeLa cervical cancer cells through PI3K/Akt signaling. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2021; 23:584-595. [PMID: 33233968 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2020.1821669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Decursin, a coumarin compound isolated from Angelica gigas has been shown to possess multiple anti-tumor activities. But it's still little known about the effects associated with cervical cancer. To explore the anti-tumor role of decursin and gain insights into its underlying mechanisms, we analyzed proliferation in parallel with apoptosis and migration in HeLa cells. Our findings implied that decursin can provoke apoptosis, and inhibit cell proliferation, migration in HeLa cells. More importantly, decursin also inhibited the tumor growth in vivo. The mechanisms may be associated with the regulation of Akt activation, with implications for novel therapeutic strategies on cervical cancer.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Lian Zhu
- Nosocomial Infection Control Department, Chongqing Jiangbei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400000, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment, Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jian-Chun Li
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment, Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment, Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment, Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yu-Wei Zhang
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment, Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Rui-Zhi Tan
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment, Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Hong-Lian Wang
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment, Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jun-Ming Fan
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment, Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment, Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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19
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Zhang J, Wang R, Cheng L, Xu H. Celastrol inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of human cervical HeLa cancer cells through down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5335-5338. [PMID: 33945201 PMCID: PMC8178258 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the anticancer potential of celastrol through down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9. HeLa cells were incubated with different concentrations of celastrol (1, 10 and 100 µM) for 48h. Doxorubicin was used as a reference drug. Cancer cell migration, apoptosis, cell viability and mitochondrial fragmentation were evaluated following celastrol treatment. In addition, the expression level of MMP-2, MMP-9 and caspase-3 was evaluated following celastrol treatment. HeLa cell viability was 94.1 ± 7, 53.4 ± 4 and 36.3 ± 2% at 1-100 µM of celastrol, respectively. Apoptotic cell numbers were increased, and inhibition of larger wounds in cancer cells was observed following celastrol treatment. Celastrol-treated cells showed condensed nuclei and clumped mitochondria. Reduced expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and increased expression of caspase-3 were observed following celastrol treatment. Based on the experimental results, we are concluding that the celastrol was effective against HeLa cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXiangyang Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
| | - Ranran Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXiangyang Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXiangyang Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
| | - Haisheng Xu
- Department of OncologyXiangyang Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
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20
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Ma J, Li L, Du J, Pan C, Zhang C, Chen Y. Placenta-specific protein 1 enhances liver metastatic potential and is associated with the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2021; 30:220-231. [PMID: 32701605 PMCID: PMC8011505 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To better explore the underlying mechanism of liver metastatic formation by placenta-specific protein 1 (PLAC1) in human colorectal cancer, we investigated the proliferation, invasion and angiogenic capabilities of human colorectal cancer cells with different liver metastatic potentials as well as the mechanism of action of PLAC1 in the metastatic process. The expression of PLAC1 was detected by reverse transcriptase PCR, western blot, and real-time PCR. The effect of PLAC1 on metastatic potential was determined by proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis assays, including an in-vitro coculture system consisting of cancer cells and vascular endothelial cells that were used to detect the relationship between cancer cells and angiogenesis. In addition, we also determined PLAC1 downstream targets that preferentially contribute to the metastatic process. PLAC1 was expressed in HT-29, WiDr, and CaCo-2 colorectal cancer cells but not in Colo320 colorectal cancer cells. PLAC1 not only enhanced significantly the proliferation of CoLo320 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) but also promoted the invasion of CoLo320 cells. The angiogenesis of HUVECs was enhanced by PLAC1 in a dose-dependent manner. In cocultured systems, angiogenesis was significantly increased by coculture with HT-29 cells. In addition, PLAC1 could promote angiogenesis in coculture with HT-29 cells. Furthermore, PLAC1-enhanced metastatic potential of colorectal cancer cells was dependent on the activation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. The activation of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling by PLAC1 may be critical for metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. According to our results, we suggest that modification of PLAC1 function might be a promising new therapeutic approach to inhibit the aggressive spread of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachi Ma
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Chengwu Pan
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Chensong Zhang
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yuzhong Chen
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, P.R. China
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21
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Issinger OG, Guerra B. Phytochemicals in cancer and their effect on the PI3K/AKT-mediated cellular signalling. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111650. [PMID: 33945911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases belong to the largest family of enzymes controlling every aspect of cellular activity including gene expression, cell division, differentiation and metabolism. They are part of major intracellular signalling pathways. Hence, it is not surprising that they are involved in the development of major diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, dementia and, most importantly, cancer when they undergo mutations, modifications and unbalanced expression. This review will explore the possibility to draw a connection between the application of natural phytochemicals and the treatment of cancer. We have chosen to focus on the PI3K/AKT cellular signalling pathway which has been shown to be a major target by natural compounds in cell cultures and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf-Georg Issinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Barbara Guerra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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22
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Shekhawat RS, Mandal CC. Anti-obesity Medications in Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Insight. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:476-494. [PMID: 34225630 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210322122829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between cancer and obesity is multifactorial and complex with the increased risk of cancer development in obese individuals posing a significant threat. Obesity leads to the upregulation or hyperactivation of several oncogenic pathways in cancer cells, which drives them towards a deleterious phenotype. The cross-talk between cancer and obesity is considered a large contributing factor in the development of chemotherapeutic drug resistance and the resistance to radiotherapy. The link between obesity and the development of cancer is so strong that a medication that demonstrates effectiveness against both conditions would serve as an essential step. In this context, anti-obesity medications provide a worthy list of candidates based on their chemo-preventive potential and chemotherapeutic properties. The current study focuses on exploring the potential of anti-obesity medicines as dual anticancer drugs. These medications target several key signaling pathways (e.g., AMPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, NF-κB, JNK/ERK), which prove to be crucial for both cancer growth and metastases. Some of these drugs also play an important role in attenuating the signaling and cellular events which incite cancer-obesity cross-talk and demonstrate efficient counteraction of neoplastic transformation. Thus, this review highlights a comprehensive view of the potential use of anti-obesity medicines to treat both cancer and obesity for patients exhibiting both comorbities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, India
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23
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Liao HY, Da CM, Liao B, Zhang HH. Roles of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) in cancer. Clin Biochem 2021; 92:9-18. [PMID: 33713636 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) is a small proteolytic enzyme that secretes zinc and calcium endopeptidases. It can degrade a variety of extracellular matrix substrates and other substrates and plays important regulatory roles in many human pathophysiological processes. Since its discovery, MMP-7 has been recognized as a regulatory protein in wound healing, bone growth, and remodeling. Later, MMP-7 was reported to regulate the occurrence and development of cancers and mediate the proliferation, differentiation, metastasis, and invasion of several types of cancer cells via various mechanisms. Thus, matrix metalloproteinase-7 may be a promising tumor biomarker and therapeutic target. The expression of MMP-7 correlates with the clinical characteristics of cancer patients, and its expression profile is a new diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for a variety of human diseases. Hence, manipulating the expression or function of MMP-7 may be a potential treatment strategy for different diseases including cancers. This review summarizes the role played by MMP-7 in carcinogenesis of several human cancers, underlying mechanisms, and its clinical significance of the occurrence and development of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Liao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Chao-Ming Da
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Bei Liao
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 1 Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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24
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Shu J, Gu Y, Jin L, Wang H. Matrix metalloproteinase 3 regulates angiotensin II‑induced myocardial fibrosis cell viability, migration and apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:151. [PMID: 33655326 PMCID: PMC7789094 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) is a central signaling molecule of the renin-angiotensin system that serves a vital role in myocardial fibrosis (MF). The present study aimed to investigate the effects of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)3 on MF progression. To induce cellular fibrosis, H9C2 rat myocardial cells were treated with AngII for 24 h. Subsequently, cells were treated with levocarnitine, or transfected with small interfering (si)RNA-negative control or siRNA-MMP3 (1/2/3). Cell viability, apoptosis and migration were assessed by performing Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry and Transwell assays, respectively. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were performed to determine the expression levels of MF biomarkers, including disease-, apoptosis- and oxidative stress-related genes. Compared with the control group, AngII significantly inhibited H9C2 cell viability and migration, and significantly increased H9C2 cell apoptosis (P<0.05). However, compared with AngII-treated H9C2 cells, MMP3 knockdown significantly inhibited fibrotic H9C2 cell viability and migration, but increased fibrotic H9C2 cell apoptosis (P<0.05). The RT-qPCR results demonstrated that MMP3 knockdown significantly downregulated the expression levels of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, AngII receptor type 1, α-smooth muscle actin and Collagen I in AngII-treated H9C2 cells (P<0.05). Moreover, compared with AngII-treated cells, MMP3 knockdown significantly decreased Bcl-2 expression levels, but significantly increased caspase-3 and p53 expression levels in AngII-treated cells (P<0.05). Additionally, compared with AngII-treated cells, MMP3 knockdown significantly decreased MMP3, MMP9, STAT3, p22Phox and p47Phox expression levels in AngII-treated cells (P<0.05). The present study indicated that MMP3 knockdown altered myocardial fibroblast cell viability, migration and apoptosis by regulating apoptosis- and oxidative stress-related genes, thus delaying MF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shu
- Department of Gerontology, Shibei Hospital of Jing'an District, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Gu
- Department of Gerontology, Shibei Hospital of Jing'an District, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Li Jin
- Department of Gerontology, Shibei Hospital of Jing'an District, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Haiya Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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25
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He QW, Feng JH, Hu XL, Long H, Huang XF, Jiang ZZ, Zhang XQ, Ye WC, Wang H. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Celastrol Derivatives as Potential Immunosuppressive Agents. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2578-2586. [PMID: 32822186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Celastrol, a friedelane-type triterpenoid isolated from the genus Triperygium, possesses antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive activities. A total of 42 celastrol derivatives (1a-1t, 2a-2l, and 3a-3j) were synthesized and evaluated for their immunosuppressive activities. Compounds 2a-2e showed immunosuppressive effects, with IC50 values ranging from 25 to 83 nM, and weak cytotoxicity (CC50 > 1 μM). Compound 2a, with a selectivity index value 31 times higher than that of celastrol, was selected as a lead compound. Further research showed that 2a exerted its immunosuppressive effects by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cytokine secretion via Lck- and ZAP-70-mediated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Long
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Feng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Zhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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26
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Coexpression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8831466. [PMID: 33005257 PMCID: PMC7509560 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8831466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), an essential step in tumour invasion and metastasis, is mainly dependent on the activities of both matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). This study aimed to explore whether expression of MMP-7 and TIMP-1 alone and in combination can be used as a prognostic marker for gastric cancer (GC). Method A total of 285 patients who had undergone tumourectomy for GC were included. Gastric tumour tissues were stained immunohistochemically to evaluate expression of MMP-7 and TIMP-1. Results Expression of MMP-7 was associated with tumour N stage and neural invasion. Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that expression of MMP-7 or TIMP-1 alone cannot serve as an indicator of patient prognosis; however, coexpression of MMP-7 and TIMP-1 was found to be an independent predictive factor of overall survival in patients with GC (HR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.08-2.80). The results of stratified analysis also showed that the predictive value of MMP-7 and TIMP-1 coexpression was stronger in patients with N3 stage disease and not receiving chemotherapy. Conclusions In conclusion, coexpression of MMP-7 and its inhibitor TIMP-1 in gastric tumour tissues is a potential prognostic marker for GC. Greater knowledge of protein expression will lead to new paradigms and possible improvements in therapeutics.
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27
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Xie X, Zhan C, Wang J, Zeng F, Wu S. An Activatable Nano-Prodrug for Treating Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and for Optoacoustic and Fluorescent Imaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003451. [PMID: 32815304 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer and the cause of high rate of mortality. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used to treat NSCLC, yet their curative effects are usually compromised by drug resistance. This study demonstrates a nanodrug for treating tyrosine-kinase-inhibitor-resistant NSCLC through inhibiting upstream and downstream EGFR signaling pathways. The main molecule of the nanodrug is synthesized by linking a tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib and a near-infrared dye (NIR) on each side of a disulfide via carbonate bonds, and the nanodrug is then obtained through nanoparticle formation of the main molecule in aqueous medium and concomitant encapsulation of a serine threonine protein kinase (Akt) inhibitor celastrol. Upon administration, the nanodrug accumulates at the tumor region of NSCLC-bearing mice and releases the drugs for tumor inhibition, and the dye for fluorescence and optoacoustic imaging. Through suppressing the phosphorylation of upstream EGFR and downstream Akt in the EGFR pathway by gefitinib and celastrol, respectively, the nanodrug exhibits high inhibition efficacy against orthotopic NSCLC in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- Biomedical Division, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chenyue Zhan
- Biomedical Division, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Biomedical Division, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fang Zeng
- Biomedical Division, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shuizhu Wu
- Biomedical Division, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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28
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Xinqiang S, Erqin D, Yu Z, Hongtao D, Lei W, Ningning Y. Potential mechanisms of action of celastrol against rheumatoid arthritis: Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233814. [PMID: 32726313 PMCID: PMC7390347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical efficacy for treating of celastrol rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been well-documented, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. Here we explored through what proteins and processes celastrol may act in activated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from RA patients. Differential expression of genes and proteins after celastrol treatment of FLS was examined using RNA sequencing, label-free relatively quantitative proteomics and molecular docking. In this paper, expression of 26,565 genes and 3,372 proteins was analyzed. Celastrol was associated with significant changes in genes that respond to oxidative stress and oxygen levels, as well as genes that stabilize or synthesize components of the extracellular matrix. These results identify several potential mechanisms through which celastrol may inhibit inflammation in RA.
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MESH Headings
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Gene Ontology
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
- Humans
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Pentacyclic Triterpenes
- Proteomics/methods
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Synoviocytes/drug effects
- Synoviocytes/metabolism
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- Transcriptome/drug effects
- Triterpenes/pharmacology
- Triterpenes/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xinqiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang, China
- * E-mail: (SX); (YN)
| | - Dai Erqin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Zhang Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Du Hongtao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Wang Lei
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Yang Ningning
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
- * E-mail: (SX); (YN)
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Li M, Wei L, Zhou W, He Z, Ran S, Liang J. miR-200a contributes to the migration of BMSCs induced by the secretions of E. faecalis via FOXJ1/NFκB/MMPs axis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:317. [PMID: 32711573 PMCID: PMC7382064 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01833-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Upon migrating to the injured sites, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play critical roles in the repair of bone lesion caused by chronic apical periodontitis. Emerging evidences have shown that Enterococcus faecalis is always associated with apical periodontitis, especially refractory apical periodontitis. But the mechanism underlying how Enterococcus faecalis affects the migration of BMSCs remains unclear. Methods The effects of Enterococcus faecalis supernatants on the migration of BMSCs were determined by transwell migration assays. miRNA sequencing was performed to detect the significantly differentially expressed miRNAs of BMSCs. Proteomics analysis was used to detect the protein expression alterations of BMSCs. Luciferase report assays were deployed to verify the targets of miRNA. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases-3, matrix metalloproteinases-9, Forkhead Box Protein J1 (FOXJ1), and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB). The activations of NFκB were detected by luciferase assays with NFκBluc reporter. Results We found that Enterococcus faecalis supernatants could promote the migration of BMSCs. The upregulation of miR-200a-3p in this process contributed to BMSC migration through downregulating its target Forkhead Box Protein J1. Moreover, FOXJ1/ NFκB axis was found to regulate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in this process. Conclusions These results above suggest that miR-200a contributes to the migration of BMSCs induced by the secretions of E. faecalis via FOXJ1/NFκB/MMPs axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Li
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifan Wei
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyan He
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujun Ran
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingping Liang
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
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30
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Xinqiang S, Yu Z, Ningning Y, Erqin D, Lei W, Hongtao D. Molecular mechanism of celastrol in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Life Sci 2019; 240:117063. [PMID: 31734262 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Network pharmacology uses bioinformatics to broaden our understanding of drug actions and thereby advance drug discovery. Here we apply network pharmacology to generate testable hypotheses about the multi-target mechanism of celastrol against systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS We reconstructed drug-target pathways and networks to predict the likely protein targets of celastrol and the main interactions between those targets and the drug. Then we validated our predictions of candidate targets by performing docking studies with celastrol. RESULTS The results suggest that celastrol acts against SLE by regulating the function of several signaling proteins, such as interleukin 10, tumor necrosis factor, and matrix metalloprotein 9, which regulate signaling pathways involving mitogen-activated protein kinase and tumor necrosis factor as well as apoptosis pathways. Celastrol is predicted to affect networks involved mainly in cytokine activity, cytokine receptor binding, receptor ligand activity, receptor regulator activity, and cofactor binding. Molecular docking analysis showed that hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking were the main forms of interaction. CONCLUSIONS This network pharmacology strategy may be useful for discovery of multi-target drugs against complex diseases, specifically, it provides protein targets associated with SLE that may be further tested for therapeutic potential by celastrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xinqiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China; Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang, China, 464000.
| | - Zhang Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Yang Ningning
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Dai Erqin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Wang Lei
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Du Hongtao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China.
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31
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Zeng C, Chen Y. HTR1D, TIMP1, SERPINE1, MMP3 and CNR2 affect the survival of patients with colon adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2448-2454. [PMID: 31452735 PMCID: PMC6676656 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a tumor that derives from the rectum or colon, and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is the most common type of CRC. The present study was performed to identify genes that serve critical roles in the survival of patients with COAD. RNA-sequencing data of COAD was extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, which included 480 tumor samples and 41 normal samples. Using the limma package, differential expression analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In addition, the potential functions and pathways for the identified DEGs were analyzed using the clusterProfiler package. After the samples were divided into high and low expression groups, survival analysis for the two groups was performed using the Kaplan-Meier model. Using Cytoscape software, a protein-protein interaction network was generated for the survival-associated genes. A total of 1,519 DEGs, including 568 upregulated genes and 951 downregulated genes, were identified in the COAD samples. Enrichment analysis suggested that the DEGs were implicated in numerous functional terms and pathways. Furthermore, 109 DEGs were identified to be survival-associated genes in COAD. According to the degrees of the network nodes, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D (HTR1D), TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1), serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1), matrix metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CNR2) were key nodes, and the expression levels of these genes were analyzed in clinical samples of CRC. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest HTR1D, TIMP1, SERPINE1, MMP3 and CNR2 may affect the prognosis of patients with COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Youxiang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Li B, Zhang J, Su Y, Hou Y, Wang Z, Zhao L, Sun S, Fu H. Overexpression of PTEN may increase the effect of pemetrexed on A549 cells via inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and carbohydrate metabolism. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3793-3801. [PMID: 31485626 PMCID: PMC6755145 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of tumor-associated mortality, and >75% of patients with lung cancer have non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pemetrexed, a folate antagonist, is a first-line chemotherapy drug for NSCLC that is administered alone or in combination with cisplatin. The present study established in vitro cell models of PTEN inhibition and overexpression, and the effects of the treatment with pemetrexed were investigated in these cell models. Result from the present study demonstrated that treatment with pemetrexed suppressed lung cancer cell proliferation, inhibited mRNA and protein expression levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl2, and increased the mRNA and the protein expression levels of pro-apoptotic p53 and apoptosis regulator BAX. The present study suggested that pemetrexed regulated apoptosis via the inhibition of the mTOR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, cellular processes associated with the aerobic oxidation of carbohydrates were identified to be significantly inhibited. The present findings suggested that treatment with pemetrexed may exhibit synergistic effects with PTEN on lung cancer cells via the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and through carbohydrate metabolism, and treatment with pemetrexed combined with PTEN overexpression may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300051, P.R. China
| | - Junkai Zhang
- Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300309, P.R. China
| | - Ya Su
- Neurology Department, Pingjin Hospital, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Yiling Hou
- Physical Examination Center, Pingjin Hospital, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Zhenguo Wang
- Medical Research Department, Pingjin Hospital, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fourth People's Hospital of Shanghai Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200081, P.R. China
| | - Shengkai Sun
- Medical Research Department, Pingjin Hospital, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Hao Fu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Pingjin Hospital, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
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Narayanankutty A. PI3K/ Akt/ mTOR Pathway as a Therapeutic Target for Colorectal Cancer: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 20:1217-1226. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190618123846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Ks) is a member of intracellular lipid kinases
and involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival. Overexpression of
the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling has been reported in various forms of cancers, especially in colorectal
cancers (CRC). Due to their significant roles in the initiation and progression events of colorectal cancer,
they are recognized as a striking therapeutic target.
Objective:
The present review is aimed to provide a detailed outline on the role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR
pathway in the initiation and progression events of colorectal cancers as well as its function in drug
resistance. Further, the role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors alone and in combination with other chemotherapeutic
drugs, in alleviating colorectal cancer is also discussed. The review contains preclinical
and clinical evidence as well as patent literature of the pathway inhibitors which are natural
and synthetic in origin.
Methods:
The data were obtained from PubMed/Medline databases, Scopus and Google patent literature.
Results:
PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling is an important event in colorectal carcinogenesis. In addition, it
plays significant roles in acquiring drug resistance as well as metastatic initiation events of CRCs.
Several small molecules of natural and synthetic origin have been found to be potent inhibitors of
CRCs by effectively downregulating the pathway. Data from various clinical studies also support
these pathway inhibitors and several among them are patented.
Conclusion:
Inhibitors of the PI3K/mTOR pathway have been successful for the treatment of primary
and metastatic colorectal cancers, rendering the pathway as a promising clinical cancer therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Post Graduate & Research Department of Zoologyid1, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut, Kerala, 673008, India
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Song X, Zhang Y, Dai E, Du H, Wang L. Mechanism of action of celastrol against rheumatoid arthritis: A network pharmacology analysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105725. [PMID: 31276975 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Network pharmacology uses bioinformatics to broaden our understanding of drug actions and thereby to advance drug discovery. Here we apply network pharmacology to generate testable hypotheses about the multi-target mechanism of celastrol against rheumatoid arthritis. We reconstructed drug-target pathways and networks to predict the likely protein targets of celastrol and the main interactions between those targets and the drug. Then we validated our predictions of four candidate targets (IKK-β, JNK, COX-2, MEK1) by performing docking studies with celastrol. The results suggest that celastrol acts against rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the function of several signaling proteins, including MMP-9, COX-2, c-Myc, TGF-β, c-JUN, JAK-1, JAK-3, IKK-β, SYK, MMP-3, JNK and MEK1, which regulate the functions of Th1 and Th2 cells, macrophages, fibroblasts and endothelial cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Celastrol is predicted to affect networks involved mainly in cancer, connective tissue disorders, organismal injury and abnormalities, tissue development, cell death and survival. This network pharmacology strategy may be useful for discovery of multi-target drugs against complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiang Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China; Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang 464000, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Erqin Dai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Hongtao Du
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China.
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Zhang QY, Men CJ, Ding XW. Upregulation of microRNA-140-3p inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through inactivation of the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting GRN. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14885-14898. [PMID: 31044454 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results in poor prognosis. Human intervention in these pathological processes may benefit the treatment of HCC. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the mechanism of miR-140-3p affecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis in HCC. Microarray analysis was performed for differentially expressed genes screening. The target relationship between miR-140-3p and GRN was analyzed. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) against granulin (GRN) was synthesized. EMT markers were detected, and invasion and migration were evaluated in HCC cells introduced with a miR-140-3p inhibitor or mimic, or siRNA against GRN. A mechanistic investigation was conducted for the determination of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related genes and EMT markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin). GRN was highlighted as an upregulated gene in HCC. GRN was a target gene of miR-140-3p. Elevation of miR-140-3p or inhibition of GRN restrained the EMT process and suppressed the HCC cell migration and invasion. HCC cells treated with the miR-140-3p mimic or siRNA-GRN exhibited decreased GRN expression and downregulated the expressions of the MAPK signaling pathway-related genes, N-cadherin, and Vimentin but upregulated the expression of E-cadherin. GRN silencing can reverse the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and induction of EMT mediated by miR-140-3p inhibition. Taken together, the results show that miR-140-3p confers suppression of the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting GRN, thus inhibiting EMT, invasion, and metastasis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Chang-Jun Men
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xue-Wei Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
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Wang S, Ma K, Zhou C, Wang Y, Hu G, Chen L, Li Z, Hu C, Xu Q, Zhu H, Liu M, Xu N. LKB1 and YAP phosphorylation play important roles in Celastrol-induced β-catenin degradation in colorectal cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919843736. [PMID: 31040884 PMCID: PMC6477772 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919843736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo pathways play essential roles in the tumorigenesis and
development of colorectal cancer. We found that Celastrol, isolated from
Tripterygium wilfordii plant, exerted a significant
inhibitory effect on colorectal cancer cell growth in vitro and
in vivo, and further unraveled the molecular mechanisms.
Celastrol induced β-catenin degradation through phosphorylation of
Yes-associated protein (YAP), a major downstream effector of Hippo pathway, and
also Celastrol-induced β-catenin degradation was dependent on liver kinase B1
(LKB1). Celastrol increased the transcriptional activation of LKB1, partially
through the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). Moreover, LKB1 activated AMP-activated
protein kinase α (AMPKα) and further phosphorylated YAP, which eventually
promoted the degradation of β-catenin. In addition, LKB1 deficiency promoted
colorectal cancer cell growth and attenuated the inhibitory effect of Celastrol
on colorectal cancer growth both in vitro and in
vivo. Taken together, Celastrol inhibited colorectal cancer cell
growth by promoting β-catenin degradation via the
HSF1–LKB1–AMPKα–YAP pathway. These results suggested that Celastrol may
potentially serve as a future drug for colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuren Wang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiqi Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Hu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lechuang Chen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenfei Hu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 PanjiayuanNanli, Chaoyang District, P.O. Box 2258, 100021, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 PanjiayuanNanli, Chaoyang District, P.O. Box 2258, 100021, Beijing, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
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Gao Y, Zhou S, Pang L, Yang J, Li HJ, Huo X, Qian SY. Celastrol suppresses nitric oxide synthases and the angiogenesis pathway in colorectal cancer. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:324-334. [PMID: 30773944 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1575512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The thunder god vine (Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F) is traditionally used for inflammation-related diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. In recent years, celastrol (a natural compound from the root of the thunder god vine) has attracted great interest for its potential anticancer activities. The free radical nitric oxide (NO) is known to play a critical role in colorectal cancer growth by promoting tumour angiogenesis. However, how celastrol influences the NO pathway and its mechanism against colorectal cancer is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanism of celastrol on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and the angiogenesis pathway in colorectal cancer. Our data show that celastrol inhibited HT-29 and HCT116 cell proliferation, migration, and NOS activity in the cytoplasm. The antiproliferation activity of celastrol was associated with the inhibition of iNOS and eNOS in colorectal cancer cells. Treatment with celastrol inhibited colorectal cancer cell growth and migration, and was associated with suppression of the expression of key genes (TYMP, CDH5, THBS2, LEP, MMP9, and TNF) and proteins (IL-1b, MMP-9, PDGF, Serpin E1, and TIMP-4) involved in the angiogenesis pathway. In addition, combinational use of celastrol with 5-fluorouracil, salinomycin, 1400 W, and L-NIO showed enhanced inhibition of colorectal cancer cell proliferation and migration. In sum, our study suggests that celastrol could suppress colorectal cancer cell growth and migration, likely through suppressing NOS activity and inhibiting the angiogenesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Gao
- a Department of Anesthesiology , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- b Department of Neurosurgery , Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott and White Health , Temple , USA
| | - Lizhi Pang
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , North Dakota State University , Fargo , USA
| | - Juechen Yang
- d Department of Computer Science , North Dakota State University , Fargo , USA
| | - Han John Li
- e Department of Pharmacy , Medical Center Hospital , Odessa , USA
| | - Xiongwei Huo
- f Department of General Surgery , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, China
| | - Steven Y Qian
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , North Dakota State University , Fargo , USA
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Lee YJ, Kim SY, Lee C. Axl is a novel target of celastrol that inhibits cell proliferation and migration, and increases the cytotoxicity of gefitinib in EGFR mutant non‑small cell lung cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3230-3236. [PMID: 30816529 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR‑TKI) is an excellent therapeutic agent to treat EGFR mutation‑positive non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the initial response decreases as chemoresistance develops. In the present study, gefitinib‑resistant EGFR mutant NSCLC PC‑9/GR cells were established to examine the characteristics and mechanisms associated with chemoresistance. Axl expression in PC‑9/GR cells was transcriptionally upregulated, since Axl protein and mRNA expression levels were identified to be increased according to western blot analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results. The inhibitory effect of celastrol on Axl protein expression level, cell viability and clonogenicity were identified in parental and gefitinib‑resistant PC‑9 cells. In addition, treatment of PC‑9/GR cells with celastrol and gefitinib in combination was demonstrated to synergistically suppress Axl protein expression level, cell proliferation and migration. Taken together, upregulation of Axl expression seems to be associated with chemoresistance of PC‑9/GR cells. Furthermore, celastrol targets Axl to exert its anticancer effects in order to increase the susceptibility of PC‑9/GR cells to gefitinib and overcome chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Ju Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Chuhee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
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Jiang Z, Cao Q, Dai G, Wang J, Liu C, Lv L, Pan J. Celastrol inhibits colorectal cancer through TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:509-518. [PMID: 30666129 PMCID: PMC6331187 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s187817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few clinical challenges associated with the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Studies have shown that TGF-β plays a crucial role in CRC. Importantly, celastrol, a major components of the root extract of the traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has been shown to inhibit the growth, adhesion, and metastasis of human CRC cells through the inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad signaling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Real-time PCR and Western blot tests were proceeded to present TGF-β1, TGF-β receptor type I (TGFβRI), TGF-β receptor type II (TGFβRII), Smad2/3, p-Smad2/3, Smad4, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase expression in human colon cancer cell samples. RESULTS Our results indicated that celastrol can reduce the expression levels of TGF-β1, TGFβRI, and TGFβRII in HCT116 and SW620 cells. Furthermore, celastrol could also prevent the increase in Smad4 and p-Smad2/3 in HCT116 and SW620 cells. CONCLUSION Celastrol could inhibit tumor growth through TGF-β1/Smad signaling and might be a promising therapeutic component against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Qianyu Cao
- The First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoliang Dai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Chundi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Lingyan Lv
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Jinhuo Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,
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Ma HP, Deng X, Chen DY, Zhu D, Tong JL, Zhao T, Ma JH, Liu YQ. A microfluidic chip-based co-culture of fibroblast-like synoviocytes with osteoblasts and osteoclasts to test bone erosion and drug evaluation. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180528. [PMID: 30839692 PMCID: PMC6170564 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Targeting fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) migration and invasion-mediated bone erosion is a promising clinical strategy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Drug sensitivity testing is fundamental to this scheme. We designed a microfluidic chip-based, cell co-cultured platform to mimic RA FLS-mediated bone erosion and perform drug-sensitive assay. Human synovium SW982 cells were cultured in the central channel and migrated to flow through matrigel-coated side channels towards cell culture chamber where RANKL-stimulated osteoclastic RAW264.7 and osteogenic medium (OS)-stimulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) were cultured in the microfluidic chip device, mimicking FLS migration and invasion-mediated bone erosion in RA. These SW982 cells showed different migration potentials to osteoclasts and BMSC. The migration of SW982 cells with high expression of cadherin-11 was more potent when SW982 cells were connected with the co-culture of RAW264.7 and BMSC. Simultaneously, in the co-cultured chamber, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity of RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells was enhanced, but alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was decreased in comparison with mono-cultured chamber. Furthermore, it was confirmed that celastrol, a positive drug for the treatment of RA, inhibited SW982 cell migration as well as TRAP activity in the cell-cultured microfluidic chips. Thus, the migration and invasion to bone-related cells was reconstituted on the microfluidic model. It may provide an effective anti-RA drug screen model for targeting FLS migration-mediated bone erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Peng Ma
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Deng
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng-Yi Chen
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhu
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Tong
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hui Ma
- People's Liberation Army No. 202 Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qiu Liu
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
- Author for correspondence: Yan-Qiu Liu e-mail:
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