CDKN2B-AS1 is overexpressed in polycystic ovary syndrome and sponges miR-181a to promote granulosa cell proliferation

Whispers of the polycystic ovary syndrome theater: Directing role of long noncoding RNAs

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine disorder that implicates a spectrum of clinical manifestations, including hormonal imbalance, metabolic dysfunction, and even compromised ovarian granulosa cell (GC) activity. The underlying molecular mechanisms of PCOS remain elusive, presenting a significant barrier to effective diagnosis and treatment. This review delves into the emerging role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathophysiology of PCOS, articulating their intricate interactions with mRNAs, microRNAs, and other epigenetic regulators that collectively influence the hormonal and metabolic milieu of PCOS. We examine the dynamic regulatory networks orchestrated by lncRNAs that impact GC function, steroidogenesis, insulin resistance, and inflammatory pathways. By integrating findings from recent studies, we illuminate the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers for PCOS and highlight their contribution to the disorder, offering a detailed perspective on the lncRNA-mediated modulation of gene expression and pathogenic pathways. Understanding targeted lncRNA interactions with PCOS proposes novel avenues for therapeutic intervention to ameliorate the reproductive and metabolic disturbances characteristic of the syndrome.

Bioinformatics Analysis of miR-181a and Its Role in Adipogenesis, Obesity, and Lipid Metabolism Through Review of Literature

The miRNAs regulate various biological processes in the mammalian body system. The role of miR-181a in the development, progression, and expansion of cancers is well-documented. However, the role of miR-181a in adipogenesis; lipid metabolism; obesity; and obesity-related issues such as diabetes mellitus needs to be explored. Therefore, in the present study, the literature was searched and bioinformatics tools were applied to explore the role of miR-181a in adipogenesis. The list of adipogenic and lipogenic target genes validated through different publications were extracted and compiled. The network and functional analysis of these target genes was performed through in-silico analysis. The mature sequence of miR-181a of different species were extracted from and were found highly conserved among the curated species. Additionally, we also used various bioinformatics tools such as target gene extraction from Targetscan, miRWalk, and miRDB, and the list of the target genes from these different databases was compared, and common target genes were predicted. These common target genes were further subjected to the enrichment score and KEGG pathways analysis. The enrichment score of the vital KEGG pathways of the target genes is the key regulator of adipogenesis, lipogenesis, obesity, and obesity-related syndromes in adipose tissues. Therefore, the information presented in the current review will explore the regulatory roles of miR-181a in fat tissues and its associated functions and manifestations.

Influence of Long Non-Coding RNAs on Human Oocyte Development

Recent research findings have highlighted the pivotal roles played by lncRNAs in both normal human development and disease pathogenesis. LncRNAs are expressed in oocytes and early embryos, and their expression levels change dynamically once the embryonic genome is activated during early human embryonic development. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs was found in follicular fluid, granulosa cells and oocytes of patients, and these lncRNAs were related to cell proliferation and apoptosis, nuclear maturation and follicle development. The expression levels of some lncRNAs in cumulus cells demonstrate correlations with the quality of oocytes and early embryos. This paper aims to present a comprehensive overview of the influence of LncRNAs on the developmental process of human oocytes as well as their involvement in certain infertility-related diseases.

Non-coding RNAs: Emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets in ulcerative colitis

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a persistent inflammatory condition affecting the colon's mucosal lining, leading to chronic bowel inflammation. Despite extensive research, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying UC pathogenesis remain elusive. NcRNAs form a category of functional RNA molecules devoid of protein-coding capacity. They have recently surfaced as pivotal modulators of gene expression and integral participants in various pathological processes, particularly those related to inflammatory disorders. The diverse classes of ncRNAs, encompassing miRNAs, circRNAs, and lncRNAs, have been implicated in UC. It highlights their involvement in key UC-related processes, such as immune cell activation, epithelial barrier integrity, and the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. ncRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for UC diagnosis and monitoring disease progression, offering promising avenues for personalized medicine. This approach may pave the way for novel, more specific treatments with reduced side effects, addressing the current limitations of conventional therapies. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between ncRNAs and UC will advance our knowledge of the disease, potentially leading to more effective and personalized treatments for patients suffering from this debilitating condition. This review explores the pivotal role of ncRNAs in the context of UC, shedding light on their possible targets for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic interventions.