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Arrieche D, Olea AF, Jara-Gutiérrez C, Villena J, Pardo-Baeza J, García-Davis S, Viteri R, Taborga L, Carrasco H. Ethanolic Extract from Fruits of Pintoa chilensis, a Chilean Extremophile Plant. Assessment of Antioxidant Activity and In Vitro Cytotoxicity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1409. [PMID: 38794478 PMCID: PMC11125100 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Pintoa chilensis is a shrub with yellow flowers that reach up to two meters high, endemic of the Atacama Region in Chile. This species grows under special environmental conditions such as low altitude, arid areas, and directly sun-exposed habitats. In the present study, ethanolic extract was obtained from fruits of P. chilensis, and then partitioned in solvents of increasing polarity to obtain five fractions: hexane (HF), dichloromethane (DF), ethyl acetate (AF), and the residual water fraction (QF). The antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated by using the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods. The results show that the antioxidant capacity of P. chilensis is higher than that reported for other plants growing in similar environments. This effect is attributed to the highest content of flavonoids and total phenols found in P. chilensis. On the other hand, the cell viability of a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and a non-tumor cell line (MCF-10A) was assessed in the presence of different extract fractions. The results indicate that the hexane fraction (HF) exhibits the highest cytotoxicity on both cell lines (IC50 values equal to 35 and 45 µg/mL), whereas the dichloromethane fraction (DF) is the most selective one. The GC-MS analysis of the dichloromethane fraction (DF) shows the presence of fatty acids, sugars, and polyols as major components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dioni Arrieche
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
| | - Andrés F. Olea
- Grupo QBAB, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, San Miguel, Santiago 8900000, Chile;
| | - Carlos Jara-Gutiérrez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación Biomédica e Ingeniería para la Salud (MEDING), Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile; (C.J.-G.); (J.V.)
| | - Joan Villena
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación Biomédica e Ingeniería para la Salud (MEDING), Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile; (C.J.-G.); (J.V.)
| | - Javier Pardo-Baeza
- Programa de Conservación de Flora Nativa del Norte de Chile, Biorestauración Consultores, Copiapó 1530000, Chile;
| | - Sara García-Davis
- Instituto Universitario de Bio—Orgánica “Antonio González” (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Rafael Viteri
- Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador;
| | - Lautaro Taborga
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
| | - Héctor Carrasco
- Grupo QBAB, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, San Miguel, Santiago 8900000, Chile;
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El Rhabori S, El Aissouq A, Daoui O, Elkhattabi S, Chtita S, Khalil F. Design of new molecules against cervical cancer using DFT, theoretical spectroscopy, 2D/3D-QSAR, molecular docking, pharmacophore and ADMET investigations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24551. [PMID: 38318045 PMCID: PMC10839811 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a major health problem of women. Hormone therapy, via aromatase inhibition, has been proposed as a promising way of blocking estrogen production as well as treating the progression of estrogen-dependent cancer. To overcome the challenging complexities of costly drug design, in-silico strategy, integrating Structure-Based Drug Design (SBDD) and Ligand-Based Drug Design (LBDD), was applied to large representative databases of 39 quinazoline and thioquinazolinone compound derivatives. Quantum chemical and physicochemical descriptors have been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and MM2 force fields, respectively, to develop 2D-QSAR models, while CoMSIA and CoMFA descriptors were used to build 3D-QSAR models. The robustness and predictive power of the reliable models were verified, via several validation methods, leading to the design of 6 new drug-candidates. Afterwards, 2 ligands were carefully selected using virtual screening methods, taking into account the applicability domain, synthetic accessibility, and Lipinski's criteria. Molecular docking and pharmacophore modelling studies were performed to examine potential interactions with aromatase (PDB ID: 3EQM). Finally, the ADMET properties were investigated in order to select potential drug-candidates against cervical cancer for experimental in vitro and in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said El Rhabori
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials and Environment (LPME), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Science and Technology - Fez, Morocco
| | - Abdellah El Aissouq
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials and Environment (LPME), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Science and Technology - Fez, Morocco
| | - Ossama Daoui
- Laboratory of Engineering, Systems and Applications, National School of Applied Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah-Fez University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Souad Elkhattabi
- Laboratory of Engineering, Systems and Applications, National School of Applied Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah-Fez University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Samir Chtita
- Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fouad Khalil
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials and Environment (LPME), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Science and Technology - Fez, Morocco
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Hashemy SI, Amiri H, Hosseini H, Sadeghzadeh F, Jaseem MMM, Tabrizi MH. PEGylated Lecithin-Chitosan-Folic Acid Nanoparticles as Nanocarriers of Allicin for In Vitro Controlled Release and Anticancer Effects. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-022-04310-y. [PMID: 36652093 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, chitosan-lecithin nanoparticles modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and folic acid (FA) were used to deliver allicin (AC) to colon cancer cells. AC-loaded polyethylene glycol (PEG) and folic acid (FA)-modified chitosan-lecithin nanoparticles (AC-PLCF-NPs) were fabricated via self-assembling procedure. HPLC for AC encapsulation and FA binding, MTT for viability assay, ABTS and DPPH for antioxidant capacity, disc diffusion, MIC and MBC for antibacterial assay, qPCR and AO/PI staining for apoptotic, and CAM assay for angiogenesis effects of AC-PLCF-NPs were used. AC-PLCF-NPs (113.55 nm) were synthesized as single dispersed (PDI: 0.28) and stable (ZP: + 33.18 mV) with 81% AC encapsulation and 48% FA binding. The antioxidant power of AC-PLCF-NPs was confirmed by inhibiting free radicals ABTS (74.25 µg/mL) and DPPH (366.214 µg/mL) and its antibacterial capacity with very high inhibitory effects against gram-negative bacterial strains. MTT results showed higher toxicity of AC-PLCF-NPs (68.06 µg/mL) compared to AC (171.45 µg/mL). Increased expression of caspase 3 and 9 genes showed activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in treated cells, and on the other hand, reduction of vascular and embryonic growth factors in CAM model confirmed the anti-angiogenesis effects of AC-PLCF-NPs. AC-PLCF-NPs can be suggested as a promising therapeutic agent for studies in the field of colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Amiri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseini
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
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Saxena M, Jadhav EB, Sankhla MS, Singhal M, Parihar K, Awasthi KK, Awasthi G. Bintaro (Cerbera odollam and Cerbera manghas): an overview of its eco-friendly use, pharmacology, and toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 30:10.1007/s11356-022-22585-w. [PMID: 36044149 PMCID: PMC9428885 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bintaro is a tropical mangrove plant often used as a shade tree found in Asia, Australia, Madagascar, and the Islands of the Western Pacific Ocean. The word Bintaro is also often pinned to its closest relative species, the Cerbera odollam. Flower color is one of the distinguishing features between these two species. Human poisoning with the cardiotoxic plant Bintaro is common in Southeast Asia because it bears a fruit that yields a powerful poison that has been used for suicide and homicide, hence it is also called the "Indian suicide tree". The seeds of Bintaro contain Cerberin, a cardiac glycoside toxin of the heart that blocks the calcium ion channels in heart muscles, resulting in disruption of the heartbeat most often fatally. The bio-active compound in the kernels of Bintaro varies due to which plant possesses other properties as well. The plant may also be used for medicinal purposes as it shows many pharmaceutical properties. The seeds of the plant have auspicious anticancer properties through apoptotic activity and the leaf extract of the plant was screened for its antioxidant activities. In addition, it is also used as an insecticide, pesticide, or antifungal agent. This review highlights the Pharmaceutical, toxicological, and environmentally friendly approaches of Bintaro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Saxena
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Ekta B. Jadhav
- Department of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology, Government Institute of Forensic Science Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Muskan Singhal
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Kapil Parihar
- State Forensic Science Laboratory, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| | - Kumud Kant Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Garima Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
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Mery DE, Compadre AJ, Ordóñez PE, Selvik EJ, Morocho V, Contreras J, Malagón O, Jones DE, Breen PJ, Balick MJ, Gaudio FG, Guzman ML, Compadre CM. Analysis of Plant-Plant Interactions Reveals the Presence of Potent Antileukemic Compounds. Molecules 2022; 27:2928. [PMID: 35566279 PMCID: PMC9105371 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A method to identify anticancer compounds in plants was proposed based on the hypothesis that these compounds are primarily present in plants to provide them with an ecological advantage over neighboring plants and other competitors. According to this view, identifying plants that contain compounds that inhibit or interfere with the development of other plant species may facilitate the discovery of novel anticancer agents. The method was developed and tested using Magnolia grandiflora, Gynoxys verrucosa, Picradeniopsis oppositifolia, and Hedyosmum racemosum, which are plant species known to possess compounds with cytotoxic activities. Plant extracts were screened for growth inhibitory activity, and then a thin-layer chromatography bioautography assay was conducted. This located the major antileukemic compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 in the extracts. Once the active compounds were located, they were extracted and purified, and their structures were determined. The growth inhibitory activity of the purified compounds showed a significant correlation with their antileukemic activity. The proposed approach is rapid, inexpensive, and can easily be implemented in areas of the world with high biodiversity but with less access to advanced facilities and biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Mery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (D.E.M.); (A.J.C.); (E.J.S.); (D.E.J.); (P.J.B.)
- SeqRX, LLC., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Amanda J. Compadre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (D.E.M.); (A.J.C.); (E.J.S.); (D.E.J.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Paola E. Ordóñez
- School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador;
| | - Edward J. Selvik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (D.E.M.); (A.J.C.); (E.J.S.); (D.E.J.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Vladimir Morocho
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 110107, Ecuador; (V.M.); (O.M.)
| | - Jorge Contreras
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA;
| | - Omar Malagón
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 110107, Ecuador; (V.M.); (O.M.)
| | - Darin E. Jones
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (D.E.M.); (A.J.C.); (E.J.S.); (D.E.J.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Philip J. Breen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (D.E.M.); (A.J.C.); (E.J.S.); (D.E.J.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Michael J. Balick
- Institute for Economic Botany, New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY 10458, USA;
| | - Flavio G. Gaudio
- Department of Emergency Medicine, New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Monica L. Guzman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA;
| | - Cesar M. Compadre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (D.E.M.); (A.J.C.); (E.J.S.); (D.E.J.); (P.J.B.)
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Sharma A, Kumar A, Li C, Panwar Hazari P, Mahajan SD, Aalinkeel R, Sharma RK, Swihart MT. A cannabidiol-loaded Mg-gallate metal-organic framework-based potential therapeutic for glioblastomas. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:2505-2514. [PMID: 33657198 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02780d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown to slow cancer cell growth and is toxic to human glioblastoma cell lines. Thus, CBD could be an effective therapeutic for glioblastoma. In the present study, we explored the anticancer effect of cannabidiol loaded magnesium-gallate (CBD/Mg-GA) metal-organic framework (MOF) using the rat glioma brain cancer (C6) cell line. Bioactive and microporous magnesium gallate MOF was employed for simultaneous delivery of two potential anticancer agents (gallic acid and CBD) to the cancer cells. Gallic acid (GA), a polyphenolic compound, is part of the MOF framework, while CBD is loaded within the framework. Slow degradation of CBD/Mg-GA MOF in physiological fluids leads to sustained release of GA and CBD. CBD's anti-cancer actions target mitochondria, inducing their dysfunction and generation of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS). Anticancer effects of CBD/Mg-GA include a significant increase in ROS production and a reduction in anti-inflammatory responses as reflected by a significant decrease in TNF-α expression levels. Molecular mechanisms that underlie these effects include the modulation of NF-κB expression, triggering the apoptotic cascades of glioma cells. CBD/Mg-GA MOF has potential anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Thus, the present study demonstrates that CBD/Mg-GA MOF may be a promising therapeutic for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, India. and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, USA.
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, USA.
| | - Changning Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, USA.
| | - Puja Panwar Hazari
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Supriya D Mahajan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Ravikumar Aalinkeel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | | | - Mark T Swihart
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, USA. and RENEW Institute, University at Buffalo, USA
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Cristina Oliveira Neves I, Aparecida Rodrigues A, Teixeira Valentim T, Cristina Freitas de Oliveira Meira A, Henrique Silva S, Ayra Alcântara Veríssimo L, Vilela de Resende J. Amino acid-based hydrophobic affinity cryogel for protein purification from ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Miller) leaves. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1161:122435. [PMID: 33246278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The surfaces of the polyacrylamide cryogels were coated with L-tryptophan (cryogel-Trp) or L-phenylalanine (cryogel-Phe) to enhance crude leaf extract-derived ora-pro-nobis (OPN) protein binding via pseudo-specific hydrophobic interactions. Cryogels functionalized with amino acids were prepared and characterized through morphological, hydrodynamic, and thermal analyses. The adsorption capacities of cryogel-Phe and cryogel-Trp were evaluated in terms of type (sodium sulfate or sodium phosphate) and concentration (0.02 or 0.10 mol∙L-1) of saline solution, pH (4.0, 5.5, or 7.0), and NaCl concentration (0.0 or 0.5 mol∙L-1). The cryogel-Phe presented a higher adsorptive capacity, achieving its maximum value (q = 92.53 mg∙g-1) when the crude OPN crude leaf extract was diluted in sodium sulfate 0.02 mol∙L-1 + NaCl 0.50 mol∙L-1, at pH = 7.0. The dilution rate significantly (p < 0.05) affected the recovered protein amount after the adsorption and elution processes, reaching 94.45% when the feedstock solution was prepared with a crude extract 5 times. The zeta potential for the eluted OPN proteins was 5.76 mV (pH = 3.23) for both dilution rates. The secondary structure composition mainly included β-sheets (46.50%) and α-helices (13.93%). The cryogel-Phe exhibited interconnected pores ranging 20-300 μm in size, with a Young modulus of 1.51 MPa, and thermal degradation started at 230 °C. These results indicate that the cryogel-Phe exhibited satisfactory properties as promising chromatography support for use in high-throughput purification of crude leaf extract-derived OPN proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sérgio Henrique Silva
- Department of Food Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | - Jaime Vilela de Resende
- Department of Food Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900, Brazil
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Nasr FA, Noman OM, Alqahtani AS, Qamar W, Ahamad SR, Al-Mishari AA, Alyhya N, Farooq M. Phytochemical constituents and anticancer activities of Tarchonanthus camphoratus essential oils grown in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:1474-1480. [PMID: 33250655 PMCID: PMC7679440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tarchonanthus Camphoratus L. is traditionally known for its various medicinal purposes. In this study, the T. camphoratus essential oil (TCEO) was isolated via steam distillation, and its chemical constituents were determined using GC-MS. The in vitro antiproliferative effects of TCEO on A549, HepG2, MCF-7 cancer cells, and HUVEC non-tumor cells was investigated using an MTT assay. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted to evaluate cell cycle distribution using propidium iodide staining, and cell death mode using Annexin V-FITC/PI assays. The expression of some apoptosis related genes was investigated using qRT-PCR. Major constituents of TCEO included fenchol, borneol, 3-cyclohexene-1-methanol and 3-ethyl-3-methyl. Cell viability test showed that TCEO is highly effective against MCF-7 cells with IC50 12.5 µg/mL. Cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase, and apoptosis mediation were evident in the presence of TCEO. Gene expression analysis of several pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes revealed the initiation of apoptosis in TCEO-MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, our study confirms the antiproliferative activity of the T. camphoratus essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd A. Nasr
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M. Noman
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Rizwan Ahamad
- Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Al-Mishari
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Alyhya
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Isolation, Characterization, and HPTLC-Quantification of Compounds with Anticancer Potential from Loranthus Acaciae Zucc. SEPARATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/separations7030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxic effects of the crude extract of Loranthus acaciae Zucc. and its n-hexane, chloroform, and n-butanol fractions were assessed against three cancer cell lines using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Cell apoptosis was determined using an annexin V-phycoerythrin/7-aminoactinomycin kit. We observed that the L. acaciae n-hexane extract (LAHE) could inhibit cancer cell growth, particularly of MCF7 and A549 cells. Chromatographic purification of LAHE and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis led to the identification of two compounds from this plant species, namely, betulinic acid and β-sitosterol, for the first time. Flow cytometry study suggested that betulinic acid induced cell death via apoptosis, as a distinguished marked enhancement in the early and late apoptosis of human lung (A549) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. The isolated compounds were further estimated concurrently in LAHE using a validated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method on a 10 × 10 cm2 HPTLC plate with chloroform, methanol, and glacial acetic acid (97:2:1, v/v/v) as the mobile phase and a λmax of 540 nm. The amounts of betulinic acid and β-sitosterol in LAHE were 69.46 and 135.53 µg/mg of dried weight of extract, respectively. The excellent cytotoxic effect of LAHE could be attributed to the presence of ample amounts of betulinic acid.
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AlZain MN, Herqash RN, Almoqbil AN, Mohammed Almarfadi O, Ibrahim MN, Ullah R, Noman OM. Rapid and Sensitive Method for Extraction of Plicosepalus acacia with Determination of Its Main Polyphenolic Compounds Using Validated HPLC. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:9598606. [PMID: 32774985 PMCID: PMC7396025 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9598606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) trailed by HPLC is a quick and fruitful technique utilized for fortitude of flavonoids such as Catechin, Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Rutin existing in P. acacia. The trial parameters that influenced the extraction potential (comprising the mass ratio of sample to the dispersant, nature of dispersant, and the nature of elution solvent and its volume) were examined and optimized. These MSPD optimized parameters regulated are as follows: 8 mL of methanol was utilized as elution solvent, silica gel/sample mass ration was selected to be 2 : 1, and dispersing sorbent was silica gel. The technique retrievals were regulated to be "from 96.87 to 100.54%" and the RSDs from 1.24 to 4.45%. The product of extract obtained by MSPD method was larger than that of other methods, i.e., sonication extraction or traditional reflux with lessened necessities on time, sample, and solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashail N. AlZain
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed N. Herqash
- Medicinal, Aromatic, and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz N. Almoqbil
- Medicinal, Aromatic, and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer Mohammed Almarfadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Aden University, P.O.Box 6312, Aden, Yemen
| | - Mansour N. Ibrahim
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal, Aromatic, and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M. Noman
- Medicinal, Aromatic, and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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11
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de Assis POA, Guerra GCB, Araújo DFDS, de Andrade LDFLI, de Araújo AA, de Araújo RF, de Carvalho TG, de Souza MDFV, Borges GDSC, Lima MDS, Rolim FRL, Rodrigues RAV, Queiroga RDCRDE. Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of xique-xique (Pilosocereus gounellei A. Weber ex K. Schum. Bly. Ex Rowl) juice on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Food Funct 2019; 10:7275-7290. [PMID: 31621721 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00920e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by severe mucosal damage in the intestine and a deregulated immune response. Natural products derived from plants that are rich in bioactive compounds are used by many patients with IBD. Xique-xique (Pilosocereus gounellei) is a cactus of the Caatinga family that has been used by the local population for food and medicinal purposes. The intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of xique-xique cladode juice was evaluated in the present study. A dose of 5 mL kg-1 had a protective effect on intestinal inflammation, with an improvement in macroscopic damage, and a decrease in pro-inflammatory markers and oxidative stress, in addition to preserving the colonic tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the downregulation of IL-17, NF-κB, and iNOS, and upregulation of SOCs-1, ZO-1, and MUC-2. These protective effects could be attributed to the phenolic compounds as well as the fibers present in xique-xique juice. Further studies are needed before suggesting the use of xique-xique juice as a new alternative for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo
- Department of Morphology, Histology and Basic Pathology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Thaís Gomes de Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Graciele da Silva Campelo Borges
- Department of Food Technology, Center of Technology and Regional Development, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Marcos Dos Santos Lima
- Department of Food Technology, Institute Federal of Sertão Pernambucano, Petrolina, Brazil
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12
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Sharma S, Mittal D, Verma AK, Roy I. Copper-Gallic Acid Nanoscale Metal–Organic Framework for Combined Drug Delivery and Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2092-2101. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Alallah MI, Alhemaid F, Bai F, Mothana RA, Elshikh MS, Abul Farah M, Ali MA, Lee J, Al-Anazi KM. The binding proximity of methyl β-lilacinobioside isolated from Caralluma retrospiciens with topoisomerase II attributes apoptosis in breast cancer cell line. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 25:1826-1833. [PMID: 30591807 PMCID: PMC6303161 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The alterations in somatic genomes that controls the mechanism of cell division as a main cause of cancer, and then the drug that specifically toxic to the cancer cells further complicates the process of the development of the widely effective potential anticancer drug. The side effects of the drug as well as the radiotherapy used for the treatment of cancer is severe; therefore, the search of the natural products from the sources of wild plants having anticancer potential is become immense importance today. The ethno-medicinal survey undertaken in Al-Fayfa and Wadi-E-Damad region of southern Saudi Arabia revealed that the Caralluma retrospiciens (Ehrenb.) N.E.Br. (family Apocynaceae) is being used for the treatment of cancer by the native inhabitants. The biological evaluation of anticancer potential of bioassay-guided fractionations of methanolic extract of whole plant of C. retrospiciens against human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) followed by characterization using spectroscopic methods confirmed the presence of methyl β-lilacinobioside, a novel active constituent reported for the first time from C. retrospiciens, is capable of inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by regulating ROS mediated autophagy, and thus validated the folkloric claim. Based on a small-scale computational target screening, Topoisomerase II was identified as the potential binding target of methyl β-lilacinobioside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ibrahim Alallah
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alhemaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fang Bai
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Ramzi Ahmed Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abul Farah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joongku Lee
- Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Utage BG, Patole MS, Nagvenkar PV, Kamble SS, Gacche RN. Prosopis juliflora (Sw.), DC induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in triple negative breast cancer cells: in vitro and in vivo investigations. Oncotarget 2018; 9:30304-30323. [PMID: 30100991 PMCID: PMC6084402 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant originated drugs/formulations are extensively prescribed by the physicians as a complementary therapy for treating various human ailments including cancer. In this study Prosopis juliflora leaves methanol extract was prepared and exposed to human breast cancer cell lines i.e. MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 and human keratinocytes HaCaT as a representative of normal cells. Initially, a series of in vitro experiments like cell proliferation, migration, colony formation, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of angiogenesis. After confirmation of the efficient and selective activity against triple negative breast cancer cell line, we further evaluated the possible mechanism of inducing cell death and experiments like detection of reactive oxygen species, caspases and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage study and Annexin V assay were performed. We also evaluated in vivo anti tumorigenic activity of the P. juliflora leaves by using 4T1 cells (a triple negative mouse origin breast cancer cell line) and BALB/c xenograft mouse model. In vitro experiments revealed that methanol extract of Prosopis juliflora leaves possess impressive anti-breast cancer activity more specifically against triple negative breast cancer cells, while the in vivo studies demonstrated that P. juliflora leaves extract significantly suppressed the 4T1 induced tumor growth. Present investigations clearly focus the significance of P. juliflora as an important resource for finding novel leads against triple negative breast cancer. The results may also act as a ready reference towards developing P. juliflora based formulation as an alternative and complementary medicine for the management of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhimashankar Gurushidhappa Utage
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Pune, 411007, MS, India.,School of Life Sciences, S.R.T.M. University, Nanded, 4316069, MS, India
| | | | | | | | - Rajesh Nivarti Gacche
- School of Life Sciences, S.R.T.M. University, Nanded, 4316069, MS, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, MS, India
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15
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Ijaz S, Akhtar N, Khan MS, Hameed A, Irfan M, Arshad MA, Ali S, Asrar M. Plant derived anticancer agents: A green approach towards skin cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:1643-1651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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16
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Li N, Lin Z, Chen W, Zheng Y, Ming Y, Zheng Z, Huang W, Chen L, Xiao J, Lin H. Corilagin from longan seed: Identification, quantification, and synergistic cytotoxicity on SKOv3ip and hey cells with ginsenoside Rh2 and 5-fluorouracil. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:133-140. [PMID: 29751073 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Corilagin content from different parts of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) was determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method. Additionally, the potential synergistic effects of corilagin + ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2), and corilagin + 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on ovarian cancer cells, and cancer-preventing activities, including inhibition of tyrosinase, properties of antioxidant and nitrite-scavenging, and blocking of nitrosamine synthesis were investigated. The results showed the content of corilagin from different parts of longan varied widely, while corilagin content in longan seed was high with a value of 542.15 ± 10.30 μg/g. Then the corilagin from longan seed was chosen for further study, since longan seed was easily obtained from by-product of longan fruit processing with low cost. Furthermore, the combinations of corilagin + Rh2, and corilagin + 5-FU showed an increased synergistic cytotoxicity on SKOv3ip and Hey cells. Moreover, corilagin inhibited exhibited effects of inhibiting tyrosinase, antioxidation, scavenging nitrite and blocking nitrosamine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Zhican Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Yanlin Ming
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China.
| | - Zhizhong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Lianghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Hetong Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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17
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Alagrafi FS, Alawad AO, Abutaha NM, Nasr FA, Alhazzaa OA, Alharbi SN, Alkhrayef MN, Hammad M, Alhamdan ZA, Alenazi AD, Wadaan MA. In vitro induction of human embryonal carcinoma differentiation by a crude extract of Rhazya stricta. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:342. [PMID: 28662725 PMCID: PMC5492883 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhazya stricta Decne. is a medicinal plant that is widespread in Saudi Arabia and desert areas of the Arabian Peninsula. Its extract contains alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids that are involved in different biological activities. The study aim was to evaluate the effects of Rhazya stricta plant extracts on the proliferation and differentiation of NTERA-2 (NT2) pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cells. METHODS Soxhlet extraction was carried out using different solvents to extract stems, leaves and fruit parts of this plant. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by an MTS cell viability assay. The ability of the plant extract to induce cell differentiation was examined phenotypically using an inverted light microscope. The expression of pluripotency markers was investigated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry. Phytochemical screening of chloroform stem extracts was carried out and a chromatographic fingerprint was generated using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS Chloroform stem extract induced differentiation of NT2 cells at 5 μg/ml, and the differentiated cells exhibited neurite formation. Following induction of differentiation, there was significant down-regulation of the pluripotency marker genes Oct4 and Sox2. In addition, the surface antigen pluripotency marker, TRA-1-60, was strongly down-regulated. Phytochemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of alkaloids and saponins. The chromatogram revealed the presence of fifteen compounds with different retention times. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate for the first time that chloroform stem extract of R. stricta can induce neuronal differentiation of stem cells at an early stage and may contain potential therapeutic agent that can be used in neurodegenerative diseases.
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18
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Köse YB, İşcan G, Göger F, Akalın G, Demirci B, Başer KHC. Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Centaurea baseri: New Species from Turkey. Chem Biodivers 2017; 13:1369-1379. [PMID: 27447348 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The genus Centaurea L. is one of the largest and important genera of Asteraceae family. Centaurea species have been widely used as herbal remedies in folk medicine for their antidandruff, antidiarrheic, antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, choleretic, diuretic, digestive, stomachic, astringent, antipyretic, cytotoxic, and antibacterial properties. Centaurea baseri Kose & Alan is a recently described local endemic species in Turkey and this is the first study on the chemical composition and bioactivity of its hydrodistilled essential oil and the crude extract. According to chromatospectral analysis, hexadecanoic acid (42.3%), nonacosane (8.2%), and heptacosane (8.0%) were the main compounds of the essential oil, while 16 compounds were determined in the MeOH extract using LC/MS. Furthermore, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of the essential oil and the extract were evaluated in comparison with the standard agents. The extract showed strong antifungal effect against Candida utilis at the concentration of 60 μg/ml (MIC) where the EO showed growth inhibition at the concentration of 47.00 μg/ml (MIC) against pathogen Bacillus cereus. Both the essential oil and the extract did not show any selective antioxidant properties. The extract showed remarkably selective cytotoxic properties against MCF-7, PANC-1, A549, and C6 glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Bülent Köse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, TR-26470, Eskisehir
| | - Gökalp İşcan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, TR-26470, Eskisehir. .,Yunus Emre Vocational School, Anadolu University, TR-26470, Eskisehir.
| | - Fatih Göger
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, TR-26470, Eskisehir
| | - Gülşen Akalın
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, TR-26470, Eskisehir
| | - Betül Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, TR-26470, Eskisehir
| | - Kemal Hüsnü Can Başer
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, N. Cyprus
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19
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Hassan LEA, Dahham SS, Saghir SAM, Mohammed AMA, Eltayeb NM, Majid AMSA, Majid ASA. Chemotherapeutic potentials of the stem bark of Balanite aegyptiaca (L.) Delile: an antiangiogenic, antitumor and antioxidant agent. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:396. [PMID: 27760539 PMCID: PMC5069806 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Balanite aegyptiaca (L.) Delile, is a plant with extensive medicinal properties. Its stem bark is traditionally known for its spasmolytic and antiepileptic properties and used to treat yellow fever, jaundice and syphilis. Angiogenesis (sprouting of new blood vessels) is crucial for tumor growth and metastasis. The goal of this study is investigate the antiangiogenic, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity as well as antitumor in vivo properties of B. aegyptiaca stem bark extracts. Method The dried powder of stem bark was extracted sequentially with n-hexane, chloroform, methanol and water. Rat aorta ring assay (RARA) was used as a platform to screen for antiangiogenic affect. The most active extract was subjected to further confirmatory antiangiogenic tests i.e. cell migration, tube formation and VEGF inhibition and finally evaluated for its in vivo antitumor efficacy in nude mice. The cytotoxicity of extracts on four cancer cell lines (HCT-116, K562, U937 and MCF-7) and one normal cells line (HUVEC) was evaluated. To assess the antioxidant activity screening, four methods were used, (DPPH•) and ABTS radical scavenging activity, as well as total flavonoids and phenolic contents. Results Methanol extract of B. aegyptiaca stem bark (MBA) showed the highest antiangiogenic, antioxidant and anticancer properties. It was found selectively cytotoxic to leukemia cell lines as well as breast cancer cell line MCF-7. (MBA) thus exhibited antiangiogenic in ex-vivo rat aorta ring model; it was found to excel its antiangiogenic effect via inhibition of the key growth factor (VEGF) as well as to halt HUVEC cell migration and tube formation, furthermore animals bearing colon cancer treated with (MBA) showed significant reduction in tumor growth. Conclusion Different extracts of B. aegyptiaca stem bark showed various anticancer and antiangiogenic properties. MBA demonstrated potent antiangiogenic, antioxidant and antitumor in vivo. The outcome of this study suggests the potential of stem bark of the B. aegyptiaca for developing chemotherapeutic agent against solid tumor as well as leukemia.
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20
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Druzhyna N, Szczesny B, Olah G, Módis K, Asimakopoulou A, Pavlidou A, Szoleczky P, Gerö D, Yanagi K, Törö G, López-García I, Myrianthopoulos V, Mikros E, Zatarain JR, Chao C, Papapetropoulos A, Hellmich MR, Szabo C. Screening of a composite library of clinically used drugs and well-characterized pharmacological compounds for cystathionine β-synthase inhibition identifies benserazide as a drug potentially suitable for repurposing for the experimental therapy of colon cancer. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:18-37. [PMID: 27521834 PMCID: PMC5107130 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) has been recently identified as a drug target for several forms of cancer. Currently no potent and selective CBS inhibitors are available. Using a composite collection of 8871 clinically used drugs and well-annotated pharmacological compounds (including the LOPAC library, the FDA Approved Drug Library, the NIH Clinical Collection, the New Prestwick Chemical Library, the US Drug Collection, the International Drug Collection, the ‘Killer Plates’ collection and a small custom collection of PLP-dependent enzyme inhibitors), we conducted an in vitro screen in order to identify inhibitors for CBS using a primary 7-azido-4-methylcoumarin (AzMc) screen to detect CBS-derived hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production. Initial hits were subjected to counterscreens using the methylene blue assay (a secondary assay to measure H2S production) and were assessed for their ability to quench the H2S signal produced by the H2S donor compound GYY4137. Four compounds, hexachlorophene, tannic acid, aurintricarboxylic acid and benserazide showed concentration-dependent CBS inhibitory actions without scavenging H2S released from GYY4137, identifying them as direct CBS inhibitors. Hexachlorophene (IC50: ∼60 μM), tannic acid (IC50: ∼40 μM) and benserazide (IC50: ∼30 μM) were less potent CBS inhibitors than the two reference compounds AOAA (IC50: ∼3 μM) and NSC67078 (IC50: ∼1 μM), while aurintricarboxylic acid (IC50: ∼3 μM) was equipotent with AOAA. The second reference compound NSC67078 not only inhibited the CBS-induced AzMC fluorescence signal (IC50: ∼1 μM), but also inhibited with the GYY4137-induced AzMC fluorescence signal with (IC50 of ∼6 μM) indicative of scavenging/non-specific effects. Hexachlorophene (IC50: ∼6 μM), tannic acid (IC50: ∼20 μM), benserazide (IC50: ∼20 μM), and NSC67078 (IC50: ∼0.3 μM) inhibited HCT116 colon cancer cells proliferation with greater potency than AOAA (IC50: ∼300 μM). In contrast, although a CBS inhibitor in the cell-free assay, aurintricarboxylic acid failed to inhibit HCT116 proliferation at lower concentrations, and stimulated cell proliferation at 300 μM. Copper-containing compounds present in the libraries, were also found to be potent inhibitors of recombinant CBS; however this activity was due to the CBS inhibitory effect of copper ions themselves. However, copper ions, up to 300 μM, did not inhibit HCT116 cell proliferation. Benserazide was only a weak inhibitor of the activity of the other H2S-generating enzymes CSE and 3-MST activity (16% and 35% inhibition at 100 μM, respectively) in vitro. Benserazide suppressed HCT116 mitochondrial function and inhibited proliferation of the high CBS-expressing colon cancer cell line HT29, but not the low CBS-expressing line, LoVo. The major benserazide metabolite 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzylhydrazine also inhibited CBS activity and suppressed HCT116 cell proliferation in vitro. In an in vivo study of nude mice bearing human colon cancer cell xenografts, benserazide (50 mg/kg/day s.q.) prevented tumor growth. In silico docking simulations showed that benserazide binds in the active site of the enzyme and reacts with the PLP cofactor by forming reversible but kinetically stable Schiff base-like adducts with the formyl moiety of pyridoxal. We conclude that benserazide inhibits CBS activity and suppresses colon cancer cell proliferation and bioenergetics in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo. Further pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and preclinical animal studies are necessary to evaluate the potential of repurposing benserazide for the treatment of colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiya Druzhyna
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Bartosz Szczesny
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gabor Olah
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Katalin Módis
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Antonia Asimakopoulou
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Greece; Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasia Pavlidou
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece
| | - Petra Szoleczky
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Domokos Gerö
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Kazunori Yanagi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gabor Törö
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Isabel López-García
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | | | - Emmanuel Mikros
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece
| | - John R Zatarain
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Celia Chao
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece
| | - Mark R Hellmich
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; CBS Therapeutics Inc., Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; CBS Therapeutics Inc., Galveston, TX, USA.
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Dirks I, Raviv B, Shelef O, Hill A, Amir E, Aidoo MK, Hoefgen B, Rapaport T, Gil H, Geta E, Kochavi A, Cohen I, Rachmilevitch S. Green roofs: what can we learn from desert plants? Isr J Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15659801.2016.1140619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Green roofs in the Mediterranean region are often exposed to high levels of radiation, extreme temperatures, and an inconsistent water supply. To withstand these harsh conditions in shallow soils and poorly aerated growth media, plants must be armored with adaptations. Strategies that have evolved in desert plants can play significant roles in the use of plants for green covers. In the following, we will specifically focus on (1) heat and radiation, (2) drought, and (3) salinity. Further, we will discuss (4) interactions between neighboring plants. Finally, we will (5) propose a design for diverse green roofs that includes horticultural and medicinal products and provides diverse habitats. Many desert plants have developed morphological and anatomical features to avoid photo-inhibition, which can be advantageous for growth on green roofs. Plants exhibiting C4photosynthesis or crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis have a protected hydraulic system that enables growth under dry conditions. Furthermore, dew and high levels of relative humidity can provide reliable water sources under limited precipitation. Halophytes are protected against salinity, ionic specific stress, and nutritional imbalances, characteristics that can be advantageous for green roofs. Under limited space, competition for resources becomes increasingly relevant. Allelopathy can also induce the germination and growth inhibition of neighboring plants. Many desert plants, as a result of their exposure to environmental stress, have developed unique survival adaptations based on secondary metabolites that can be used as pharmaceuticals. A systematic survey of plant strategies to withstand these extreme conditions provides a basis for increasing the number of green roof candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Dirks
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Buzi Raviv
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Oren Shelef
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Amber Hill
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Eppel Amir
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Moses Kwame Aidoo
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Brian Hoefgen
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Tal Rapaport
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Hila Gil
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Endale Geta
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Amnon Kochavi
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Itay Cohen
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Shimon Rachmilevitch
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
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Ali MA, Farah MA, Al-Hemaid FM, Abou-Tarboush FM, Al-Anazi KM, Wabaidur SM, Alothman ZA, Lee J. Assessment of biological activity and UPLC-MS based chromatographic profiling of ethanolic extract of Ochradenus arabicus. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 23:229-36. [PMID: 26981004 PMCID: PMC4778516 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products from wild and medicinal plants, either in the form of crude extracts or pure compounds provide unlimited opportunities for new drug leads owing to the unmatched availability of chemical diversity. In the present study, the cytotoxic potential of crude ethanolic extract of Ochradenus arabicus was analyzed by MTT cell viability assay in MCF-7 adenocarcinoma breast cancer cells. We further investigated its effect against oxidative stress induced by anticancer drug doxorubicin. In addition, Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (UPLC–MS) based chromatographic profiling of crude extract of O. arabicus was performed. The MTT assay data showed that the extract is moderately toxic to the MCF-7 cells. However, its treatment alone does not induce oxidative stress while doxorubicin increases the level of oxidative stress in MCF-7 cells. Whereas, simultaneous treatment of plant extract and doxorubicin significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation while an increase in the reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity was observed in time and dose dependent manner. Hence, our finding confirmed cytotoxic and antioxidant potential of crude extract of O. arabicus in MCF-7 cells. However, further investigations on O. arabicus as a potential chemotherapeutic agent are needed. The analysis of bioactive compounds present in the plant extracts involving the applications of common phytochemical screening assays such as chromatographic techniques is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Abul Farah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Al-Hemaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal M Abou-Tarboush
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M Al-Anazi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - S M Wabaidur
- Advanced Materials Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z A Alothman
- Advanced Materials Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joongku Lee
- Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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23
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Souza LF, Gasparetto BF, Lopes RR, Barros IBI. Temperature requirements for seed germination of Pereskia aculeata and Pereskia grandifolia. J Therm Biol 2016; 57:6-10. [PMID: 27033034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pereskia aculeata and Pereskia grandifolia have been studied widely due to their high nutritional and therapeutic values. However, little is known about the biological requirements of their seeds for the various germination factors. Thus, this experiment aimed to evaluate the thermal effects on the germination of these species at the temperatures of 24°C, 27°C, 30°C, 33°C and 36°C. After verification of the existence of differences in the performance of germination, a non-linear regression was carried out, relating the germination to temperature and identifying its point of maximum efficiency. We found that the lowest synchronization indexes of germination were observed close to 30°C. The best germination response of the P. aculeata and P. grandifolia was observed at 30°C and 33°C, respectively, with greater germination strength and fewer days to attain 63.21% of germinations. The results obtained from the germination of P. aculeata and P. grandifolia can be described by the Weindull distribution model with three parameters, as proposed by Carneiro and Guedes (1992).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucéia F Souza
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Department of Horticulture and Forestry, Agronomy Faculty, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil.
| | - Bruno F Gasparetto
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Department of Forage Plants and Agro, Meteorology, Agronomy Faculty, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Lopes
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Department of Forage Plants and Agro, Meteorology, Agronomy Faculty, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Ingrid B I Barros
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Department of Horticulture and Forestry, Agronomy Faculty, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
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Simpson BS, Bulone V, Semple SJ, Booker GW, McKinnon RA, Weinstein P. Arid awakening: new opportunities for Australian plant natural product research. RANGELAND JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/rj16004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The importance of plants and other natural reserves as sources for biologically important compounds, particularly for application in food and medicine, is undeniable. Herein we provide a historical context of the major scientific research programs conducted in Australia that have been aimed at discovering novel bioactive natural products from terrestrial plants. Generally speaking, the main approaches used to guide the discovery of novel bioactive compounds from natural resources have included random, ethnobotanical and chemotaxonomic strategies. Previous Australian plant natural product research campaigns appear to have lacked the use of a fourth strategy with equally high potential, namely the ecologically guided approach. In addition, many large studies have sampled plant material predominantly from tropical regions of Australia, even though arid and semi-arid zones make up 70% of mainland Australia. Therefore, plants growing in arid zone environments, which are exposed to different external stressors (e.g. low rainfall, high ultraviolet exposure) compared with tropical flora, remain an untapped reservoir of potentially novel bioactive compounds. Research of Australian arid zone plants that is ecologically guided creates a new opportunity for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds from plants (and potentially other biota) for application in health care, food and agricultural industries.
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Apoptosis-inducing effects of extracts from desert plants in HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(15)30150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Guo S, Shan S, Jin X, Li Z, Li Z, Zhao L, An Q, Zhang W. Water stress proteins from Nostoc commune Vauch. exhibit anti-colon cancer activities in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:150-159. [PMID: 25524246 DOI: 10.1021/jf503208p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nostoc commune has been traditionally used in China as a health food and medicine. The water stress proteins (WSP) of Nostoc commune are the major component of the extracellular matrix. This study purified and identified the water stress proteins (WSP1) from Nostoc commune Vauch., which could inhibit the proliferation of human colon cancer cell lines. The IC50 values of WSP1 against DLD1, HCT116, HT29, and SW480 cells were 0.19 ± 0.02, 0.21 ± 0.03, 0.39 ± 0.05, and 0.41 ± 0.01 μg/μL, respectively. Notably, it displayed very little effect on the normal human intestinal epithelial FHC cell line. The IC50 value of WSP1 against FHC cells was 0.67 ± 0.05 μg/μL. Moreover, the growth of DLD1 xenografted tumors in nude mice were significantly suppressed in the WSP1 treated group. Mechanistically, the cell-cycle analysis revealed that WSP1 induced growth inhibition by G1/S arrest. Meanwhile, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays showed WSP1 could activate caspase-8, -9, and -3, along with subsequent PARP cleavage. Furthermore, the pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-FMK, partly reversed the effect caused by WSP1, confirming that WSP1 induced cell apoptosis through caspase-dependent pathway. Collectively, WSP1 has targeted inhibition for colon cancer proliferation both in vitro and in vivo and it is valuable for future exploitation and utilization as an antitumor agent.
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27
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Souza LF, de Barros IBI, Mancini E, Martino LD, Scandolera E, Feo VD. Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oils from Two Pereskia Species Grown in Brazil. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400901237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oils of Pereskia aculeata Mill. and P. grandifolia Haw. (Cactaceae), grown in Brazil, was studied by means of GC and GC-MS. In all, 37 compounds were identified, 30 for P. aculeata and 15 for P. grandifolia. Oxygenated diterpenes are the main constituents, both in the oil of P. grandifolia (55.5%) and in that of P. aculeata (29.4%). The essential oils were evaluated for their in vitro phytotoxic activity against germination and initial radicle growth of Raphanus sativus L., Sinapis arvensis L., and Phalaris canariensis L. seeds. The essential oil of P. grandifolia, at all doses tested, significantly inhibited the radicle elongation of R. sativus. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was assayed against ten bacterial strains. The essential oils showed weak inhibitory activity against the Gram-positive pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucéia Fátima Souza
- Department of Agronomy, University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Agronomia Porto Alegre - RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Bergman Inchausti de Barros
- Department of Agronomy, University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Agronomia Porto Alegre - RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Emilia Mancini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Laura De Martino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Elia Scandolera
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples, Via Domenico Montesano, 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
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Afifi FU, Kasabri V. Pharmacological and phytochemical appraisal of selected medicinal plants from jordan with claimed antidiabetic activities. Sci Pharm 2013; 81:889-932. [PMID: 24482764 PMCID: PMC3867248 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1212-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant species have long been regarded as possessing the principal ingredients used in widely disseminated ethnomedical practices. Different surveys showed that medicinal plant species used by the inhabitants of Jordan for the traditional treatment of diabetes are inadequately screened for their therapeutic/preventive potential and phytochemical findings. In this review, traditional herbal medicine pursued indigenously with its methods of preparation and its active constituents are listed. Studies of random screening for selective antidiabetic bioactivity and plausible mechanisms of action of local species, domesticated greens, or wild plants are briefly discussed. Recommended future directives incurring the design and conduct of comprehensive trials are pointed out to validate the usefulness of these active plants or bioactive secondary metabolites either alone or in combination with existing conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma U. Afifi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Street, 11942 Amman, Jordan
| | - Violet Kasabri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Street, 11942 Amman, Jordan
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Pinocembrin: a novel natural compound with versatile pharmacological and biological activities. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:379850. [PMID: 23984355 PMCID: PMC3747598 DOI: 10.1155/2013/379850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Pinocembrin (5,7-dihydroxyflavanone) is one of the primary flavonoids isolated from the variety of plants, mainly from Pinus heartwood, Eucalyptus, Populus, Euphorbia, and Sparattosperma leucanthum, in the diverse flora and purified by various chromatographic techniques. Pinocembrin is a major flavonoid molecule incorporated as multifunctional in the pharmaceutical industry. Its vast range of pharmacological activities has been well researched including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. In addition, pinocembrin can be used as neuroprotective against cerebral ischemic injury with a wide therapeutic time window, which may be attributed to its antiexcitotoxic effects. Pinocembrin exhibits pharmacological effects on almost all systems, and our aim is to review the pharmacological and therapeutic applications of pinocembrin with specific emphasis on mechanisms of actions. The design of new drugs based on the pharmacological effects of pinocembrin could be beneficial. This review suggests that pinocembrin is a potentially promising pharmacological candidate, but additional studies and clinical trials are required to determine its specific intracellular sites of action and derivative targets in order to fully understand the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and apoptotic effects to further validate its medical applications.
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Thoppil RJ, Harlev E, Mandal A, Nevo E, Bishayee A. Antitumor activities of extracts from selected desert plants against HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:668-674. [PMID: 23368935 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.749922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Phytochemicals are produced by desert plants to protect themselves against stressful environments. They have been shown to be useful in preventing and fighting adverse pathophysiological conditions and complex diseases, including cancer. Although many desert plants have been investigated for their antitumor properties, a large number of them still remain to be explored for possible therapeutic applications in oncologic diseases. OBJECTIVE To screen the antitumor effects of selected desert plants, namely Achillea fragrantissima (Forssk.) Sch. Bip. (Compositae), Ochradenus baccatus Delile (Resedaceae), Origanum dayi Post (Lamiaceae), Phlomis platystegia Post (Lamiaceae) and Varthemia iphionoides Boiss (Compositae), against an in vitro tumor model utilizing HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aqueous extracts of aerial parts of the aforementioned plants were prepared and used for the in vitro experiments. The HepG2 cells were exposed to varying concentrations (0-4 mg/mL) of each plant extract for 24 or 48 h and the cytotoxicity was measured by the MTT assay. RESULTS Following 24 h exposure, O. dayi extract exhibited a substantial antiproliferative effect in HepG2 cells (IC50 = 1.0 mg/mL) followed by O. baccatus (IC50 = 1.5 mg/mL). All plant extracts displayed cytotoxicity following 48 h exposure. Nevertheless, a substantial effect was observed with O. dayi (IC50 = 0.35 mg/mL) or O. baccatus (IC50 = 0.83 mg/mL). CONCLUSION The aqueous extracts from aerial parts of O. dayi and O. baccatus possess antitumor effects against human liver cancer cells. These desert plants represent valuable resources for the development of potential anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roslin J Thoppil
- Cancer Therapeutics and Chemoprevention Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
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