1
|
Żyłka A, Dobruch-Sobczak K, Piotrzkowska-Wróblewska H, Jędrzejczyk M, Bakuła-Zalewska E, Góralski P, Gałczyński J, Dedecjus M. The Utility of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in Assessing the Risk of Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1911. [PMID: 38791990 PMCID: PMC11119249 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasonography is a primary method used in the evaluation of thyroid nodules, but no single feature of this method predicts malignancy with high accuracy. Therefore, this paper aims to assess the utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. METHODS The study group comprised 188 adult patients (155 women and 33 men) who preoperatively underwent CEUS of a thyroid nodule classified as Bethesda categories II-VI after fine-needle aspiration biopsy. During the CEUS examination, 1.5 mL of SonoVue contrast was injected intravenously, after which 15 qualitative CEUS enhancement patterns were analysed. RESULTS The histopathologic results comprised 65 benign thyroid nodules and 123 thyroid carcinomas. The dominant malignant CEUS features, such as hypo- and heterogeneous enhancement and slow wash-in phase, were evaluated, whereas high enhancement, ring enhancement, and a slow wash-out phase were assessed as predictors of benign lesions. Two significant combinations of B-mode and CEUS patterns were noted, namely, hypoechogenicity with heterogeneous enhancement and non-smooth margins with hypo- or iso-enhancement. CONCLUSIONS The preliminary results indicate that CEUS is a useful tool in assessing the risk of malignancy of thyroid lesions. The combination of the qualitative enhancement parameters and B-mode sonographic features significantly increases the method's usefulness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Żyłka
- Department of Endocrine Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.G.); (J.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Dobruch-Sobczak
- Radiology Department II, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-034 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Hanna Piotrzkowska-Wróblewska
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Maciej Jędrzejczyk
- Department of Ultrasound and Mammography Diagnostics, Mazovian Brodnowski Hospital, 03-242 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Elwira Bakuła-Zalewska
- Department of Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Góralski
- Department of Endocrine Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.G.); (J.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Jacek Gałczyński
- Department of Endocrine Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.G.); (J.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Marek Dedecjus
- Department of Endocrine Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.G.); (J.G.); (M.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Q, Zhong ZZ, Wu T, He YQ. Factors influencing TSH suppression efficacy in postoperative papillary thyroid carcinoma patients: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Surg 2024; 24:133. [PMID: 38702652 PMCID: PMC11067297 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-024-02426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While surgery plays a crucial role in treating papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the potential effects of subsequent TSH suppression therapy on prognosis should not be overlooked. This study aims to investigate the factors that influence postoperative TSH suppression therapy in patients with PTC. METHODS This study was a retrospective cohort study conducted at our hospital. It included 268 patients who underwent surgery and were pathologically diagnosed with PTC between February 2019 and February 2021. The selected patients received postoperative TSH suppression therapy. Based on the TSH level measured 12 months after surgery, the patients were divided into two groups: TSH level conforming group (n = 80) and non-conforming group (n = 188). We then compared the general clinical data, clinicopathological characteristics, preoperative laboratory test indicators, postoperative levothyroxine sodium tablet dosage, follow-up frequency, and thyroid function-related indicators between the two groups of patients. The correlation between the observed indicators and the success of TSH suppression therapy was further analyzed, leading to the identification of influencing factors for TSH suppression therapy. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in general clinical data and clinicopathological characteristics between the two groups of patients (P > 0.05). The proportion of patients with preoperative TSH ≥ 2.0 mU/L was higher in the non-conforming group compared to the TSH level conforming group (P < 0.05), and the ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve for the preoperative TSH index was 0.610 (P < 0.05). The proportion of patients in the TSH level conforming group who took oral levothyroxine sodium tablets at a dose of ≥ 1.4 µg/kg·d after surgery was higher (P < 0.05). The postoperative levels of FT3 and FT4 were higher in the TSH level conforming group (P < 0.05). The results of binary logistic regression analysis indicated that factors "Postoperative TSH level ≥ 2 mU/L", "Levothyroxine sodium tablet dose<1.4 µg/kg·d", and "Combined with Hashimoto thyroiditis" were significantly associated with an elevated risk of postoperative TSH levels failing to reach the target (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Optimal thyroid function in patients with PTC post-surgery is best achieved when adjusting the dose of levothyroxine sodium in a timely manner to reach the target TSH level during follow-up visits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery Department, Ganzhou People's Hospital, No.18 Meiguan Avenue, Zhanggong District, 341000, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Zhen-Zhu Zhong
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery Department, Ganzhou People's Hospital, No.18 Meiguan Avenue, Zhanggong District, 341000, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Tian Wu
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery Department, Ganzhou People's Hospital, No.18 Meiguan Avenue, Zhanggong District, 341000, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yuan-Qiang He
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery Department, Ganzhou People's Hospital, No.18 Meiguan Avenue, Zhanggong District, 341000, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fei-Zhang DJ, Verma R, Arimoto R, Lawrence AS, Chelius DC, Patel UA, Smith SS, Sheyn AM, Rastatter JC. Social Vulnerability Association with Thyroid Cancer Disparities in the United States. Thyroid 2024; 34:225-233. [PMID: 38069566 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2023.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Background: As thyroid cancer incidence rises, it is increasingly valuable to recognize disparities in treatment and diagnosis. Prior investigations into social determinants of health (SDoH) are limited to pediatric populations or studies looking at single factors such as race or environmental influences. Utilizing the CDC-social vulnerability index and SEER-patient database to assess the amalgamated, real-world influence of varied SDoH and their quantifiable impact on thyroid cancer disparities across the United States. Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, 199,340 adult thyroid cancer patients from 1975 to 2017 were assessed for significant regression trends in months of follow-up/surveillance, survival, late staging, and treatment receipt across thyroid cancer-subtypes with increasing overall social vulnerability, as well as in 15 SDoH variables regarding socioeconomic status, minority-language status, household composition, and housing-transportation across all the U.S. counties while accounting for sociodemographic regional differences. Results: With increasing overall social vulnerability, decreases in months of follow-up were observed with patients with papillary, follicular, medullary, oncocytic, and anaplastic thyroid cancer (p = 0.001). Comparing lowest with highest vulnerability cohorts, relative decreases in months of surveillance ranged from 55.6% (14.5-6.5 months) with anaplastic to 17% (108.6-90.2) with oncocytic. Socioeconomic status vulnerabilities, followed by vulnerabilities in household composition and housing-transportation type, contributed to these overall trends. Similar survival decreases occurred across all thyroid cancer patients, ranging from 55.9% (9.6-4.2) with anaplastic to 28.3% (97-69.5) with oncocytic. Minority-language status vulnerabilities and housing-transportation types largely contributed to these trends. Increasing overall vulnerability was associated with increased odds of advanced staging for papillary (odds ratio [OR] = 1.07 [confidence interval, CI 1.03-1.12]) and decreased odds of indicated treatment via surgery (lowest, medullary: 0.91 [CI 0.84-0.99]), radiation therapy (lowest, anaplastic: 0.88 [CI 0.82-0.93]), and chemotherapy (lowest, oncocytic: 0.81 [CI 0.67-0.98]) were observed. Vulnerabilities in minority-language status and housing-transportation, followed by socioeconomic status vulnerabilities, were differential contributors to these overall vulnerability trends. Conclusions: Our results show significant detriments in thyroid cancer care and prognosis in the United States with increasing overall social vulnerability while identifying which SDoH quantifiably contribute more to disparities in inter-relational, real-world-like contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rhea Verma
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ryuji Arimoto
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amelia S Lawrence
- Washington State University Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Daniel C Chelius
- Pediatric Thyroid Tumor Program; Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Pediatric Head and Neck Tumor Program; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Urjeet A Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephanie S Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anthony M Sheyn
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeff C Rastatter
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang H, Li Y, Shen J, Lin H, Fan S, Qiu R, He J, Lin E, Chen L. Cigarette smoking and thyroid cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19866-19873. [PMID: 37746910 PMCID: PMC10587937 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between cigarette smoking and thyroid cancer has been reported in prospective cohort studies, but the relationship remains controversial. To investigate this potential correlation further, we employed Mendelian randomization methodology to evaluate the causative impact of smoking on thyroid cancer incidence. METHODS From the genome-wide association study and Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine use, we obtained genetic variants associated with smoking initiation and cigarettes per day (1.2 million individuals). We also extracted genetic variants associated with past tobacco smoking from the UK Biobank (424,960 individuals). Thyroid cancer outcomes were selected from the FinnGen GWAS (989 thyroid cancer cases and 217,803 control cases). Sensitivity analyses employing various approaches such as weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) have been executed, as well as leave-one-out analysis to identify pleiotropy. RESULTS Using the IVW approach, we did not find evidence that any of the three smoking phenotypes were related to thyroid cancer (smoking initiation: odds ratio (OR) = 1.56, p = 0.61; cigarettes per day: OR = 0.85, p = 0.51; past tobacco smoking: OR = 0.80, p = 0.78). The heterogeneity (p > 0.05) and pleiotropy (p > 0.05) testing provided confirmatory evidence for the validity of our MR estimates. CONCLUSIONS The MR analysis revealed that there may not exist a causative link between smoking exposure and elevated incidence rates of thyroid malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhan Jiang
- School of NursingFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouChina
| | - Yi Li
- The School of Clinical MedicineFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Jiali Shen
- School of NursingFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouChina
| | - Huihui Lin
- School of NursingFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouChina
| | - Siyue Fan
- School of NursingFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouChina
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- The School of Clinical MedicineFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Jiaxi He
- School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Ende Lin
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamenChina
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamenChina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li H, Yang M, Yang J, Seery S, Ma C, Liu Y, Zhang X, Li A, Guo H. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and the associated thyroid cancer risk: A case-control study in China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 337:139411. [PMID: 37419160 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The role of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) as thyroid carcinogens is unclear. Therefore, we intended to identify associations between each PFAS congener and their mixture with thyroid cancer risk. This case-control study of thyroid cancer was conducted in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. Three hundred participants were recruited from January to May 2022 and were matched according to sex and age. Twelve PFAS were assessed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Associations between PFAS congeners and thyroid cancer risk were considered under conditional logistic regression analysis and a restricted cubic spline model. Mixture effects were also assessed with quantile g-computation and a Bayesian kernel machine regression model. Compared to the first tertile, third tertile PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS, PFDA, and PFUnDA concentrations were associated with lower thyroid cancer risk (ORPFOA: 0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15-0.69; ORPFNA: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.07-0.46; ORPFHxS: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.15-0.92; ORPFDA: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.02-0.23; ORPFUnDA: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.05-0.30) after adjusting for confounding factors. PFNA, PFDA, and PFUnDA had a negative dose-response relationship with thyroid cancer risk. Mixture analysis also showed that thyroid cancer risk is negatively associated with the overall mixture and carboxylates. In the overall mixture, PFOS and PFDA contributed most to positive and negative changes in thyroid cancer risk, respectively. However, PFOS, PFNA, PFDA, and PFUnDA were of equally high importance. This study is the first to confirm the effects of the PFAS mixture on thyroid cancer, and further large-scale prospective studies are still warranted to test these inverse associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, PR China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, PR China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Samuel Seery
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK; School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chaoying Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Core Facilities and Centers of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, PR China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, PR China.
| | - Huicai Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vignali P, Macerola E, Poma AM, Sparavelli R, Basolo F. Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: From Cytology to Molecular Testing. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3008. [PMID: 37761374 PMCID: PMC10528553 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13183008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of thyroid nodules has become the gold standard procedure, in terms of cost and efficacy, for guiding clinicians towards appropriate patients' management. One challenge for cytopathologists is to accurately classify cytological specimens as benign or malignant based on cytomorphological features. In fact, with a frequency ranging from 10% to 30%, nodules are diagnosed as indeterminate. In recent years, the mutational landscape of thyroid tumors has been extensively described, and two molecular profiles have been identified: RAS-like (NRAS, HRAS, and KRAS mutations; EIF1AX mutations; BRAF K601E mutation; and PPARG and THADA fusions) and BRAFV600E-like (including BRAFV600E mutation and RET and BRAF fusions). The purpose of this review is to discuss the latest molecular findings in the context of indeterminate thyroid nodules, highlighting the role of molecular tests in patients' management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fulvio Basolo
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.V.); (A.M.P.); (R.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nguyen HD. Exposure to mixed chemicals elevated triiodothyronine (T3) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels: epidemiology and in silico toxicogenomic involvement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:88803-88823. [PMID: 37442928 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28704-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a dearth of evidence on the effects of a mixture of numerous different types of chemicals on hormone functions. We hypothesized that exposure to mixed chemicals may alter hormone levels. Thus, this study was to identify an association between the mixed chemicals (25 chemicals) and hormone levels (thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)) among 5687 Korean adults using four different statistical approaches. Furthermore, we elucidate the effects of the key chemicals on thyroid disease and infertility based on the findings from epidemiology data. The positive associations between mixed chemicals and T3 and between mixed chemicals and FSH were observed across different methods after adjusting for all possible confounders. In the weighted quantile sum regression models, there were positive associations between mixed chemicals and T3 (β = 4.43, 95%CI: 2.81-5.88) and ln-transformed FSH (lnFSH) (β = 0.15, 95%CI: 0.10-0.20). In the quantile g-computation models, positive associations were found between mixed chemicals and T3 (β=2.15, 95%CI: 0.17-4.14) and lnFSH (β=0.15, 95%CI: 0.07-0.22). In the Bayesian kernel machine regression models, culminative effects of mixed chemicals showed positive associations with T3 and lnFSH; mercury (group posterior inclusion probabilities (PIPs) = 0.557 and conditional PPI = 0.556) and lead (group PIP group = 0.815 and conditional PPI = 0.951) were the most important chemicals for T3 and FSH, respectively. The results obtained were partially robust when subjected to in silico toxicogenomic data. We identified several molecular mechanisms that were implicated in Hg-induced thyroid disease, including the selenium micronutrient network, oxidative stress response, IL-17 signaling pathway, poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and primary hyperthyroidism. The molecular processes implicated in Pb-induced infertility were "response to nutrient levels," "gonad development," "male infertility," "female infertility," and "intrinsic pathway for apoptosis," with a particular focus on FSH. The present study investigated the threshold levels of the studied chemicals and their potential impact on the disruption of T3 and FSH hormones. Future research is warranted to determine the effects of mixed chemicals on various hormones because there have been few studies on the disruption of hormones caused by such mixed chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Iizuka Y, Katagiri T, Ogura K, Inoue M, Nakashima R, Nakamura K, Mizowaki T. Recurrence-free survival and prognosis after adjuvant therapy with radioactive iodine-131 in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10795. [PMID: 37402838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates and recurrence-related factors of patients who received adjuvant therapy (AT) with radioactive iodine (RAI) for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) following thyroidectomy. We evaluated 284 patients who underwent AT between January 2011 and July 2020 at our hospital. Recurrence was defined as visible recurrent lesions on image analysis or need for repeat surgery with pathologically confirmed recurrent lesions. RFS rate and prognostic factors were statistically evaluated. The median observation period was 30.2 months (range, 5.7-294 months). Overall, 192 patients were female and 92 were male, and the median age was 54 years (range, 9-85 years). Initial assessment revealed 39 recurrence cases. The 3-year RFS rate was 85.8% (95% confidence interval: 81.1-90.9%). Univariate analysis revealed that histology (except for papillary carcinoma), Tg level > 4 ng/dL before AT, and AT result significantly exacerbated the RFS rate. In multivariate analysis, histology and AT result were also important contributors to the worsening RFS rate. Results of AT can be determined relatively early and are important in predicting future recurrence in patients with DTC. Increasing the success rate of AT may lead to an improved prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Iizuka
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital, 10-93, Ote-machi, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, 420-8630, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Katagiri
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kengo Ogura
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Minoru Inoue
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryota Nakashima
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kiyonao Nakamura
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizowaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Crepeau P, Zhang Z, Udyavar R, Morris-Wiseman L, Biswal S, Ramanathan M, Mathur A. Socioeconomic disparity in the association between fine particulate matter exposure and papillary thyroid cancer. Environ Health 2023; 22:20. [PMID: 36823621 PMCID: PMC9948306 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00972-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data exists suggesting that cumulative exposure to air pollution in the form of fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm [PM2.5]) may be associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), although this relationship has not been widely established. This study aims to evaluate the association between PM2.5 and PTC and determine the subgroups of patients who are at the highest risk of PTC diagnosis. METHODS Under IRB approval, we conducted a case-control study of adult patients (age ≥ 18) newly diagnosed with PTC between 1/2013-12/2016 across a single health care system were identified using electronic medical records. These patients were compared to a control group of patients without any evidence of thyroid disease. Cumulative PM2.5 exposure was calculated for each patient using a deep learning neural networks model, which incorporated meteorological and satellite-based measurements at the patients' residential zip code. Adjusted multivariate logistic regression was used to quantify the association between cumulative PM2.5 exposure and PTC diagnosis. We tested whether this association differed by gender, race, BMI, smoking history, current alcohol use, and median household income. RESULTS A cohort of 1990 patients with PTC and a control group of 6919 patients without thyroid disease were identified. Compared to the control group, patients with PTC were more likely to be older (51.2 vs. 48.8 years), female (75.5% vs 46.8%), White (75.2% vs. 61.6%), and never smokers (71.1% vs. 58.4%) (p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, race, BMI, current alcohol use, median household income, current smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, COPD, and asthma, 3-year cumulative PM2.5 exposure was associated with a 1.41-fold increased odds of PTC diagnosis (95%CI: 1.23-1.62). This association varied by median household income (p-interaction =0.03). Compared to those with a median annual household income <$50,000, patients with a median annual household income between $50,000 and < $100,000 had a 43% increased risk of PTC diagnosis (aOR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.19-1.72), and patients with median household income ≥$100,000 had a 77% increased risk of PTC diagnosis (aOR = 1.77, 95%CI: 1.37-2.29). CONCLUSIONS Cumulative exposure to PM2.5 over 3 years was significantly associated with the diagnosis of PTC. This association was most pronounced in those with a high median household income, suggesting a difference in access to care among socioeconomic groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Crepeau
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Global Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rhea Udyavar
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lilah Morris-Wiseman
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shyam Biswal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Murugappan Ramanathan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aarti Mathur
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Salman MT, AlGhazzawi MS, Al-Kamil EA, Al-Salmi S, Yousuf MS, Abdulla TS. Accuracy of Ultrasound Scans as Compared to Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules. Cureus 2023; 15:e35108. [PMID: 36945286 PMCID: PMC10024942 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thyroid nodules (TNs) are among the more common findings on physical examinations. Due to the fear of the TN harboring malignancy and with the increasing incidence of thyroid cancer, ultrasound (US) scanning is used as an important diagnostic tool in the assessment of a TN. The American College of Radiology's Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) was established based on specific patterns composed of two or more features. According to the TI-RADS guidelines, a suspicious nodule by US findings should undergo fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), in which results would guide further management. OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to assess the accuracy of US as compared to FNAC in the diagnosis of a thyroid nodule. METHODOLOGY This retrospective study involved 213 cases that were sent for FNAC after having done a US scan of the thyroid. Data was gathered from all patient files that were referred for FNAC thyroid between 01/02/2018 and 30/06/2021 in Al-Ahli Hospital in the state of Qatar. The US scans were interpreted and reported according to the TI-RADS criteria. The FNAC samples were interpreted and reported according to the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology. Data were tabulated and analyzed with Excel (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) and SPSS version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). RESULTS The study showed that US had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 73.9%, 72.6%, 24.6% and 95.8%, respectively, with a significant association between the results of US and the results of FNAC (X2 (1, n = 213) = 20.295, p < .001) and a significant positive correlation (phi coefficient = .309, p < .001). In addition, the data showed that the odds for having a positive FNAC were 7.519 (95% CI: 2.811, 20.112) times greater for cases with positive US compared with cases with negative US. The relative risk of having a positive FNAC when the US was positive was 5.913 (95% CI: 2.440, 14.332) times greater compared to when the US was negative. CONCLUSION While our results showed that US cannot be solely relied on in diagnosing TNs, they did show that US can reliably rule out a malignancy in TNs. Recent studies have been showing increasing accuracy of US in diagnosing TNs and more studies are needed to explore this topic.
Collapse
|
11
|
Cadena-Ullauri S, Paz-Cruz E, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Guevara-Ramírez P, Ruiz-Pozo V, Solis-Pazmino P, Garcia C, Godoy R, Lincango-Naranjo E, Zambrano AK. Identification of KIT and BRAF mutations in thyroid tissue using next-generation sequencing in an Ecuadorian patient: A case report. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1101530. [PMID: 36733350 PMCID: PMC9887188 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1101530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide. Ecuador presents the highest incidence among Latin American countries and the second around the world. Genetic alteration is the driving force for thyroid tumorigenesis and progression. The change from valine (V) to glutamic acid (E) at codon 600 of the BRAF gene (BRAFVal600Glu) is the most commonly reported mutation in thyroid cancer. Moreover, the BRAF mutation is not the only mutation that has been correlated with TC. For instance, mutations and overexpression of the KIT gene has been associated with different types of cancer, including lung and colon cancer, and neuroblastoma. Case presentation A woman in her early fifties, self-identified as mestizo, from Otavalo, Imbabura-Ecuador had no systemic diseases and denied allergies, but she had a family history of a benign thyroid nodule. Physical examination revealed a thyroid gland enlargement. The fine-needle aspiration biopsy indicated papillary thyroid cancer. The patient underwent a successful total thyroidectomy with an excellent recovery and no additional treatments after surgery. Using Next-Generation sequencing a heterozygous mutation in the BRAF gene, causing an amino acid change Val600Glu was identified. Similarly, in the KIT gene, a heterozygous mutation resulting in an amino acid change Leu678Phe was detected. Moreover, an ancestry analysis was performed, and the results showed 3.1% African, 20.9% European, and 76% Native American ancestry. Conclusions This report represents the genetic characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer in an Ecuadorian woman with a mainly Native American ethnic component. Further studies of pathological variants are needed to determine if the combined demographic and molecular profiles are useful to develop targeted treatments focused on the Ecuadorian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Viviana Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Paola Solis-Pazmino
- Surgery Group of Los Angeles, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Instituto de la Tiroides y Enfermedades de Cabeza y Cuello (ITECC), Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Cristhian Garcia
- Instituto de la Tiroides y Enfermedades de Cabeza y Cuello (ITECC), Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Richard Godoy
- Instituto de la Tiroides y Enfermedades de Cabeza y Cuello (ITECC), Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Eddy Lincango-Naranjo
- Instituto de la Tiroides y Enfermedades de Cabeza y Cuello (ITECC), Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Quito, Ecuador,Department of Teaching and Research, Hospital Vozandes, Quito, Ecuador,CaTaLiNA Research Initiative (Cáncer de tiroides en Latinoamérica), Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador,*Correspondence: Ana Karina Zambrano,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Setiawati R, Wulanhandarini T, Hayati F, Erawati D, Jaya MG, Thoriq AA, Wijaya TM, Ismiyati GN, Kusumaningrum DW, Koesmarsono B, Basja AT, Nugroho MI, Yuliana S, Shedyta SZ, Situmorang HB. Clinical and ultrasonography evaluation of thyroid tumor screening in symptomatic patient of Bajulmati primary care center, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32546. [PMID: 36596021 PMCID: PMC9803475 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to assess the prevalence, clinical, and ultrasonography (US) in thyroid screening in healthy subjects with general symptoms of thyroid abnormality in low iodine intake in Bajulmati primary care center, East Java Indonesia. We retrospectively reviewed US thyroid examination of 74 subjects with symptoms of mass in the neck, shaky, sleep difficulties, over sweating, and chronic fatigue on September 15th, 2021. Following the WHO guidelines, subjects also underwent physical examination in which the result were classified into 3 categories, that is, no palpable nor visible goiter, palpable but no visible goiter, as well as palpable and visible goiter. We evaluate US thyroid characteristics following Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology guidelines. Image analysis was reviewed by 4 general radiologists with 2 to 13 years' experience. Categorical variables were compared using chi-squared or Fisher exact tests. Correlation between variables was measured with gamma statistics. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0. A P-value < .05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Of the 74 subjects, 32 (43.2%) show abnormalities. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the result of thyroid US in subjects with complaint fatigue (P = .464), insomnia (P = .777), over sweating (P = .158), and tremor (P = .778), but there were significant differences with the complaint of mass in the neck (P = .008). Furthermore, there was also a strong correlation between goiter palpation and US thyroid result (R = 0.773, P = .00). We conclude there were significant differences in US result of patients with and without complaint of mass in the neck. We also found a strong correlation between goiter palpation and US examination. Clinical findings, laboratory examination, cytology and molecular markers, patients' age, nodules size, and ultrasound features should be considered for the treatment planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosy Setiawati
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
- * Correspondence: Rosy Setiawati, Radiology Consultant, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Moestopo No. 47, Surabaya, Indonesia (e-mail: )
| | - Tri Wulanhandarini
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Fierly Hayati
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dyah Erawati
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Merlin Guntur Jaya
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Andi Ahmad Thoriq
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Triana Mediyawati Wijaya
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Galih Nur Ismiyati
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dyan Wahyu Kusumaningrum
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Belinda Koesmarsono
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Agnes Triana Basja
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - M. Ikhsan Nugroho
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Silvi Yuliana
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Syadza Zahrah Shedyta
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hendra Boy Situmorang
- Radiology Department, Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Non-Apoptotic Programmed Cell Death in Thyroid Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121565. [PMID: 36559016 PMCID: PMC9788139 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid disorders are among the most common endocrinological conditions. As the prevalence of thyroid diseases increases annually, the exploration of thyroid disease mechanisms and the development of treatments are also gradually improving. With the gradual advancement of therapies, non-apoptotic programmed cell death (NAPCD) has immense potential in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. Autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and immunogenic cell death are all classical NAPCD. In this paper, we have compiled the recent mechanistic investigations of thyroid diseases and established the considerable progress by NAPCD in thyroid diseases. Furthermore, we have elucidated the role of various types of NAPCD in different thyroid disorders. This will help us to better understand the pathophysiology of thyroid-related disorders and identify new targets and mechanisms of drug resistance, which may facilitate the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for patients with thyroid diseases. Here, we have reviewed the advances in the role of NAPCD in the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of thyroid diseases, and highlighted future research prospects in this area.
Collapse
|
14
|
Beheshti Firoozabadi J, Mahdavi R, Shamsi K, Ataee H, Shafiee A, Ebrahiminik H, Chegini H, Hoseinpour P, Moradi A, Yousefpour N, Aghaei F, Fardoost A, Ghelichli A, Mokhtari Dowlatabad H, Hajighasemi F, Sami N, Rouhollah Miri S, Akbari ME, Abdolahad M. Intraoperative Assessment of High-Risk Thyroid Nodules Based on Electrical Impedance Measurements: A Feasibility Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12122950. [PMID: 36552958 PMCID: PMC9776834 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12122950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise diagnosis of thyroid nodules is challenging due to non-diagnostic/inconclusive results and uncertainties about the malignancy of follicular neoplasms (FNs), even in frozen-section pathology. Therefore, surgical management, especially in Bethesda III and IV categories, may be complicated, and sometimes a second surgery may be required. The Thyroid Nodule Impedance Measurement System (TN-IMS) consists of a metallic patch attached to submental skin and a G20 I.V. cannula inserted into the targeted nodules. Two impedance-based parameters named Z1kHz and impedance phase slope (IPS) in 100 kHz to 500 kHz of the thyroid nodules are recorded and compared with their histopathological results as the gold standard. TN-IMS was intra-surgically applied to 103 human thyroid nodules and normal thyroid tissues. A remarkable consistency between defined co-ranges of Z1kHz/IPS and the histopathological status of specimens was achieved (p < 0.001). Based on these measurements, it was concluded that intraoperative bioelectrical impedance scanning of thyroid nodules would be a helpful complementary approach to detecting high-risk excision-required thyroid nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jalil Beheshti Firoozabadi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
| | - Reihane Mahdavi
- Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
- Cancer Electronics Research Center, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
| | - Khosro Shamsi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
| | - Hossein Ataee
- Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
- Cancer Electronics Research Center, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15916-34311, Iran
| | - Abdollah Shafiee
- Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
- Department of Surgery, Farmanieh Hospital, Tehran 19537-34411, Iran
| | - Hojat Ebrahiminik
- Department of Internentional Radiology and Radiation Sciences Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
- Interventional Radiology Department, Tirad Imaging Institute, Tehran 15867-36513, Iran
| | - Hossein Chegini
- Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
- Interventional Radiology Department, Tirad Imaging Institute, Tehran 15867-36513, Iran
| | - Parisa Hoseinpour
- Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 15179-64311, Iran
| | - Afshin Moradi
- Department of Pathology, Shohada Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
| | - Narges Yousefpour
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Cancer Electronics Research Center, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
| | - Faeze Aghaei
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Cancer Electronics Research Center, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
| | - Ali Fardoost
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghelichli
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Cancer Electronics Research Center, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
| | - Hadi Mokhtari Dowlatabad
- Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
- Cancer Electronics Research Center, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
| | - Farzane Hajighasemi
- Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
- Cancer Electronics Research Center, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Sami
- Department of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19395-1495, Iran
| | - Seyed Rouhollah Miri
- Cancer Electronics Research Center, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
- Cancer Institute, Imam-Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
| | - Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.E.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Abdolahad
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
- Cancer Electronics Research Center, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
- Cancer Institute, Imam-Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.E.A.); (M.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang X, Zhang F, Li Q, Feng C, Teng W. Iodine nutrition and papillary thyroid cancer. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1022650. [PMID: 36337631 PMCID: PMC9631789 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1022650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most frequent endocrine malignancy. The incidence of TC, especially papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), has continued to rise all over the world during the past few years, for reasons that are not entirely clear. Though the phenomenon of overdiagnosis is occurring, it is not the sole driver of the substantial increase in incidence. Lifestyle, environmental factors, or complications are considered to be potential risk factors. Among these factors, iodine is a micronutrient that is vital to thyroid function. The effect of iodine intake on PTC has been controversial for many years and the epidemiological or experimental studies provided diametrically opposite conclusions. Combining all these studies, we found that iodine nutrition may affect the overall prevalence, distribution of the histological types, and clinicopathological aggressiveness of TC, especially PTC. However, the available evidence is poor due to the impact of various internal and external related factors. Therefore, this article sums up available results from both epidemiological and experimental studies, future studies are also warranted to expound on the relationship between overall PTC prevalence and iodine intake.
Collapse
|
16
|
The comparison of cancer gene mutation frequencies in Chinese and U.S. patient populations. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5651. [PMID: 36163440 PMCID: PMC9512793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowing the mutation frequency of cancer genes in China is crucial for reducing the global health burden. We integrate the tumor epidemiological statistics with cancer gene mutation rates identified in 11,948 cancer patients to determine their weighted proportions within a Chinese cancer patient cohort. TP53 (51.4%), LRP1B (13.4%), PIK3CA (11.6%), KRAS (11.1%), EGFR (10.6%), and APC (10.5%) are identified as the top mutated cancer genes in China. Additionally, 18 common cancer types from both China and U.S. cohorts are analyzed and classified into three patterns principally based upon TP53 mutation rates: TP53-Top, TP53-Plus, and Non-TP53. Next, corresponding similarities and prominent differences are identified upon comparing the mutational profiles from both cohorts. Finally, the potential population-specific and environmental risk factors underlying the disparities in cancer gene mutation rates between the U.S. and China are analyzed. Here, we show and compare the mutation rates of cancer genes in Chinese and U.S. population cohorts, for a better understanding of the associated etiological and epidemiological factors, which are important for cancer prevention and therapy.
Collapse
|
17
|
Nejadghaderi SA, Moghaddam SS, Azadnajafabad S, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Tavangar SM, Jamshidi H, Mokdad AH, Naghavi M, Farzadfar F, Larijani B. Burden of thyroid cancer in North Africa and Middle East 1990–2019. Front Oncol 2022; 12:955358. [PMID: 36212501 PMCID: PMC9538696 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.955358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity among cancers of the endocrine system. We aimed to describe the trends of thyroid cancer burden in North Africa and Middle East for 1990–2019. Methods Data on burden of thyroid cancer in North Africa and Middle East from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. Decomposition analysis was used to estimate the effects of population growth, aging, and change in incident numbers on overall change of thyroid cancer incidence. Also, we used the comparative risk assessment framework of GBD to determine the burden of thyroid cancer attributable to a high body mass index (BMI). Results In 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of thyroid cancer were 3.5 (2.9–4) and 0.5 (0.5–0.7) per 100,000, respectively. The highest age-standardized incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rate were in Lebanon, Afghanistan, and United Arab Emirates, respectively. The ASIR of thyroid cancer in region was about 2.5 times higher among women, which had a positive association with increasing age. In 2019, the age-standardized deaths attributable to a high BMI was 16.7% of all deaths due to thyroid cancer. In 1990–2019, the overall change in thyroid cancer incident cases was a 396% increase which was mostly driven by the increase in disease-specific incidence rate (256.8%). Conclusions Women, the elderly above about 60 years old, and countries with a higher sociodemographic index showed higher incidence rates of thyroid cancer. Regarding our findings, it is recommended to establish preventive plans by modification in life style like weight reduction programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Azadnajafabad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Jamshidi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali H. Mokdad
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Mohsen Naghavi
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Bagher Larijani,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kazakova D, Shimamura M, Kurashige T, Hamada K, Nagayama Y. Re-evaluation of the role of autophagy in thyroid cancer treatment. Endocr J 2022; 69:847-862. [PMID: 35197412 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the role of autophagy in thyroid cancer treatment; however there are discrepancies among the reported data, with some showing the pro-survival and others the anti-survival effects of autophagy. These discrepant results appear to be at least in part due to insufficient analyses or data misinterpretation as well as improper assessments of autophagic activity. Therefore, the present study re-evaluated the regulation of autophagic activity by various anticancer modalities and examined the role of autophagy in thyroid cancer treatment in three thyroid cancer cell lines (TPC1, ACT1 and KTC1). The immunofluorescence and DalGreen findings demonstrated that cisplatin, irradiation and sorafenib were all autophagy inducers as previously reported, but, unlike previous studies using thyroid cancer cells, doxorubicin acted as an inhibitor. KTC1 cells are unique because they only responded to cisplatin. The efficacy of anticancer therapeutics was significantly higher in chloroquine or 3-methyladenine-treated autophagy-defective cells than in autophagy-competent cells, thereby indicating the pro-survival effect of autophagy induced by anticancer therapeutics, which is partly due to inhibition of apoptosis. Thus, the present findings relating to several anticancer therapeutics and three thyroid cancer cell lines demonstrate the pro-survival effect of autophagy in thyroid cancer treatment. Although the present study only involved cell lines, it provides evidence for the beneficial combination of the anticancer therapeutic modalities with autophagy inhibitors, and proposes that autophagy inhibitors may serve as a possible adjunctive therapy for thyroid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darya Kazakova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Mika Shimamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kurashige
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hamada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagayama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bai C, Yang W, Ouyang R, Li Z, Zhang L. Study of hsa_circRNA_000121 and hsa_circRNA_004183 in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:726-734. [PMID: 35891968 PMCID: PMC9281586 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We detected the expressions of hsa_circRNA_000121 and hsa_circRNA_ 004183 in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and explored their relationship with the invasiveness of PTMC. PTMC patients with (n = 30; metastasis group) and without lymph node metastasis (n = 30; nonmetastasis group) were included. The levels of hsa_circRNA_000121, hsa_circRNA_004183, hsa-miR-4763, hsa-miR-6775, sarcoma gene (SRC), and MMP-14 were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyzed the diagnostic value of hsa_circRNA_000121 and hsa_circRNA_004183. Binary logistic regression analysis evaluated the relationship of gene expression with PTMC invasiveness. In PTMC tissue samples, compared with the metastasis group, the expression of hsa_circRNA_000121, hsa_circRNA_004183, SRC, and MMP-14 in the nonmetastasis group decreased, while the expression of hsa-miR-4763 and hsa-miR-6775 increased. In peripheral blood, compared with the metastasis group, the expression of hsa_circ_000121 and hsa_circRNA_004183 in the nonmetastasis group decreased. Both hsa_circRNA_000121 and hsa_circRNA_004183 had good sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing PTMC lymph node metastasis, with a cut-off value of 0.796 and 0.938, respectively. However, the gene expressions were not significantly associated with PTMC lymph node metastasis. Hsa_circRNA_000121 may upregulate SRC expression through hsa-miR-4763, while hsa_circRNA 000121 may upregulate MMP-14 expression through hsa-miR-6775, thereby promoting the aggressiveness of PTMC and ultimately leading to cervical lymph node metastasis. hsa_circRNA_000121 and hsa_circRNA_004183 may become potential biomarkers of PTMC aggressiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Bai
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- The Second Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Ru Ouyang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanya Central Hospital, No. 1154, Jiefang 4th Road, Tianya District, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Zongbao Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanya Central Hospital, No. 1154, Jiefang 4th Road, Tianya District, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanya Central Hospital, No. 1154, Jiefang 4th Road, Tianya District, Sanya 572000, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Batavani T, Kereselidze M, Chikhladze N, Pitskhelauri N. Early and late detection of cancer in Georgia: Evidence from a population-based cancer registry, 2018-2019. Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 80:102216. [PMID: 35841760 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Georgia is an upper middle-income country, which has lower cancer survival rates than most of the countries in the World Health Organization European region, as well as compared to many other post-Soviet states and upper middle-income countries. The purpose of our study was to analyse the cancer stage distribution data of Georgia as a first step towards identifying the areas of early cancer detection in the country that might need improvement or require further research. METHODS Descriptive analysis of the population-based cancer registry of Georgia was performed using the data for the period of 01.01.2018-31.12.2019. RESULTS Around 57 % of cancers in males and 56 % of cancers in females were amenable to early detection. At least 35.7 % of these cancers in males and 44.2 % in females were detected early. 15.2 % (n = 964) of male and 35.3 % (n = 3179) of female cancer patients met the age criteria for the respective cancer screening programmes. Breast, colorectal, cervical and stomach cancers contributed to 58.7 % of all late-stage cancers in females. Lung, prostate, colorectal, laryngeal and stomach cancers made up 72.4 % of all late-stage cancer cases among males. At least 83.8 % (n = 1438) of thyroid cancers in females and 84.2 % (n = 246) of thyroid cancers in males were diagnosed at stage I. Moreover, stage I thyroid cancer cases made up 50.7 % of all stage I cancer cases detected in women and 25.6 % of all stage I cancers in men. At least 42.4 % of stage I thyroid cancers in females and 37.4 % of stage I thyroid cancers in males were papillary microcarcinomas. CONCLUSION The potential of early cancer detection is underutilised in Georgia and there is a need to strengthen screening and especially early diagnosis in the country. The possibility of thyroid cancer overdiagnosis requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tornike Batavani
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia.
| | - Maia Kereselidze
- Department of Medical Statistics, National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi 0198, Georgia
| | - Nino Chikhladze
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia
| | - Nato Pitskhelauri
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang Y, He J, Jin J, Ren C. Recent advances in the application of metallomics in diagnosis and prognosis of human cancer. Metallomics 2022; 14:6596881. [PMID: 35648480 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Metals play a critical role in human health and diseases. In recent years, metallomics has been introduced and extensively applied to investigate the distribution, regulation, function, and crosstalk of metal(loid) ions in various physiological and pathological processes. Based on high-throughput multielemental analytical techniques and bioinformatics methods, it is possible to elucidate the correlation between the metabolism and homeostasis of diverse metals and complex diseases, in particular for cancer. This review aims to provide an overview of recent progress made in the application of metallomics in cancer research. We mainly focuses on the studies about metallomic profiling of different human biological samples for several major types of cancer, which reveal distinct and dynamic patterns of metal ion contents and the potential benefits of using such information in the detection and prognosis of these malignancies. Elevated levels of copper appear to be a significant risk factor for various cancers, and each type of cancer has a unique distribution of metals in biofluids, hair/nails, and tumor-affected tissues. Furthermore, associations between genetic variations in representative metalloprotein genes and cancer susceptibility have also been demonstrated. Overall, metallomics not only offers a better understanding of the relationship between metal dyshomeostasis and the development of cancer but also facilitates the discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic markers for cancer translational medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong Province, P. R. China.,Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Jie He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Jin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Cihan Ren
- Experimental High School Attached to Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100052, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhu S, Jiang N, Zhu J. miR-375 Regulates the Proliferation, Apoptosis and Colony Formation of Thyroid Cancer Cells via Targeting YAP1. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis. Abnormal miR-375 level was related to thyroid cancer. Software predicted a relationship between miR-375 and YAP1. Our study investigated whether miR-375 regulates YAP1 expression and affects
thyroid cancer cells. Methods: The tumor tissues and adjacent tissues of thyroid cancer patients were collected to measure miR-375 and YAP1 expression. The dual luciferase reporter experiment verified the regulation between miR-375 and YAP1. Thyroid cancer cell line B-CPAP and TPC-1
cells were divided into miR-NC group and miR-375 mimic group followed by analysis of cell proliferation by flow cytometry, caspase-3 activity, and cell clone formation ability by plate cloning assay. Results: Compared with adjacent cancer tissues, miR-375 in thyroid cancer tissues was
decreased and YAP1 was increased. miR-375 targets YAP1. Compared with Nthy-ori 3-1 cells, miR-375 in B-CPAP and TPC-1 cells was significantly reduced and YAP1 was increased. Transfection with miR-375 mimic significantly inhibited cell proliferation, increase caspase-3 activity, and reduced
the ability of cells to form clones. Conclusion: miR-375 can inhibit YAP1 expression, decrease the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells, induce cell apoptosis, and reduce clone formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunfu Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Neng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjun Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jiang N, Zhu S, Zhu J. MiR-221 Regulates Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling 3-Janus Kinase 2/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (SOCS3-JAK2/STAT3) Pathway and Affects Thyroid Cancer Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) negatively regulates JAK-STAT signaling. Bioinformatics analysis showed a targeted relationship between miR-221 and SOCS3 mRNA 3′-UTR. This study investigated whether miR-221 regulates SOCS3 expression and affects thyroid
cancer cells. Methods: Dual-luciferase reporter gene experiments verified the relationship between miR-221 and SOCS3. The tumor tissues and adjacent tissues of patients with thyroid cancer were collected to detect miR-221 and SOCS3 level. Thyroid cancer cell line KTC-1 cells were assigned
into miR-NC group and miR-221 inhibitor group followed by analysis of SOCS3, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3 level by Real-time PCR, cell apoptosis and cell proliferation by flow cytometry and cell invasion by Transwell assay. Results: Compared with adjacent tissues, miR-221 level in tumor tissues
was increased, and SCOS3 mRNA level was decreased. There was a targeted relationship between miR-221 and SOCS3 mRNA. MiR-221 level in KTC-1 and TPC-1 cells was increased, while SOCS3 mRNA level was decreased. MiR-221 inhibitor can significantly upregulate SOCS3 mRNA and protein in KTC-1 cells,
reduce the expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3 protein, increase cell apoptosis, and reduce cell proliferation and invasion. Conclusion: The increased miR-221 and decreased SOCS3 expression are related to thyroid cancer pathogenesis. MiR-221 can inhibit the expression of SOCS3, affect JAK-STAT
signaling activity, and regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shunfu Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjun Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Decallonne B, Snyers B, Elaut N, Peene B, Verbeeck J, Van den Bruel A, De Schutter H. Combining data to perform population-based observational studies: know your sources. The case of thyroid cancer in Belgium. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:77. [PMID: 35272702 PMCID: PMC8908668 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-00803-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Large scale observational studies are crucial to study thyroid cancer incidence and management, known to vary in time and place. Combining cancer registry data with other data sources enables execution of population-based studies, provided data sources are accurate. The objective was to compare thyroid tumour and treatment information between the available data sources in Belgium. Methods We performed a retrospective national population-based cohort study. All patients with thyroid cancer diagnosis in Belgium between 2009 and 2011 (N = 2659 patients) were retrieved from the Belgian Cancer Registry database, containing standard patient and tumour characteristics. Additionally, information was obtained from the following sources: a) detailed pathology reports b) the health insurance company database for reimbursed performed therapeutic acts (both available for N = 2400 patients) c) registration forms for performed and/or planned treatments at the time of the multidisciplinary team meeting (available for N = 1819 patients). More precisely, information was retrieved regarding characteristics of the tumour (histologic subtype, tumour size, lymph node status (source a)) and the treatment (thyroid surgery (a,b,c), lymph node dissection (a,b), postoperative administration of radioactive iodine (b,c)). Results High concordance in histological cancer subtype (> 90%), tumour size (96.2%) and lymph node involvement (89.2%) categories was found between the cancer registry database and the pathology reports. Tumour subcategories (such as microcarcinoma, tumor ≤1 cm diameter) were more specified in the pathology reports. The therapeutic act of thyroid surgery as mentioned in the pathology reports and health insurance company database was concordant in 92.7%, while reports from multidisciplinary team meetings showed 88.5% of concordance with pathology reports and 86.1% with health insurance data. With regard to postoperative radioiodine administration, reports from multidisciplinary teams and health insurance data were concordant in 76.8%. Conclusion Combining registered and/or administrative data results in sufficiently accurate information to perform large scale observational studies on thyroid cancer in Belgium. However, thorough and continuous quality control and insight in strengths and limitations of each cancer data source is crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Decallonne
- Endocrinology department, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | - Bernard Peene
- Endocrinology department, AZ Sint-Dimpna Hospital, Geel, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lee J, Lee HY, Kim WC. Trends in the incidence of thyroid cancer in Incheon Province, South Korea, from 2004 to 2013: A representative sample study from Incheon cancer registry. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2022; 18:e398-e403. [PMID: 35098678 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to assess the trends in the incidence of thyroid cancer in Incheon Province, South Korea, from 2004 to 2013 and to identify its association with thyroid cancer screening. METHODS We evaluated randomly sampled data of 10% of thyroid cancer patients collected between 2004 and 2013 from the Incheon Cancer Registry, Incheon, South Korea. The expected annual incidence rates of thyroid cancer from 2004 to 2013 were calculated, and the trends in annual incidence change were assessed using a Poisson regression model. In addition, the annual proportion change in the thyroid cancer population according to the detection method and tumor size was also calculated by evaluating the linear-by-linear association. RESULTS The average expected prevalence of thyroid cancer was 30 per 100,000 individuals from 2004 to 2013. The expected annual incidence of thyroid cancer per 100,000 individuals increased from 7 in 2004 to 49 in 2013, with an annual 1.25-fold difference (p < 0.001). Screening helped improve the detection of thyroid cancer annually, with the proportion increasing by screening detection (p < 0.001). Majority (54%) of the tumors were small (< 10 mm) and their detection rate increased from 2004 to 2013 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased from 2004 to 2013 in Incheon Province, South Korea, with the increase being most significant for small tumors. These findings indicate that the increased incidence is primarily due to the widespread use of screening and not an actual increase in clinically significant thyroid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshim Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | | | - Woo Chul Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.,Incheon Cancer Registry, Incheon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li S, Li S, Lin M, Li Z, He J, Qiu J, Zhang J. Interleukin-17 and vascular endothelial growth factor: new biomarkers for the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605211067121. [PMID: 35023376 PMCID: PMC8793523 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211067121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The incidences of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) have shown increasing trends. Numerous studies have shown a close relationship between the two diseases, but the exact mechanism linking PTC with HT is still unclear. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) plays an important role in the development of malignant tumors. However, information on the association between IL-17 and thyroid disease is lacking. Methods Tissue samples were collected from patients with thyroid diseases admitted to the thyroid surgery department of our hospital between May 2015 and December 2017. The characteristics of the thyroid were observed by ultrasonography, hematoxylin-eosin staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and immunohistochemistry. Results We found that HT with carcinoma (HTC) showed unique characteristics in two-dimensional ultrasound images. Moreover, IL-17 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels showed gradually increasing trends during the process of HT malignant transformation, with a significant positive correlation between the two cytokines. Serum IL-17 and VEGF levels could distinguish between HTC and HT with benign adenoma. Conclusion Our data suggest that serum IL-17 and VEGF levels may represent novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of HT malignant nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuiping Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| | - Shilin Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Min Lin
- Department of Ultrasonography, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| | - Zuolin Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| | - Jinghua He
- Department of Ultrasonography, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| | - Jincheng Qiu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| | - Jiantang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jiang S, Xie Q, Li N, Chen H, Chen X. Modified Models for Predicting Malignancy Using Ultrasound Characters Have High Accuracy in Thyroid Nodules With Small Size. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:752417. [PMID: 34901151 PMCID: PMC8662815 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.752417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the malignancy risk of thyroid nodules, ten ultrasound characteristics are suggested as key diagnostic markers. The European Thyroid Association Guidelines (EU-TIRADS) and 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines (2015ATA) are mainly used for ultrasound malignancy risk stratification, but both are less accurate and do not appropriatetly classify high risk patients in clinical examination. Previous studies focus on papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) remained to be characterized. Thus, this study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy and establish models using all ultrasound features including the nodule size for predicting the malignancy of thyroid nodules (PTC, FTC, and MTC) in China. We applied logistic regression to the data of 1,500 patients who received medical treatment in Shanghai and Fujian. Ultrasound features including taller-than-wide shape and invasion of the thyroid capsule showed high odds ratio (OR 19.329 and 4.672) for PTC in this dataset. Invasion of the thyroid also showed the highest odds ratio (OR = 8.10) for MTC. For FTC, the halo sign has the highest odds ratio (OR = 13.40). Four ultrasound features revealed distinct OR in PTC nodule groups with different sizes. In this study, we constructed a logistic model with accuracy up to 80%. In addition, this model revealed more accuracy than TIRADS in 4b and 4c category nodules. Hence, this model could well predict malignancy in small nodules and classify high-risk patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of Vascular Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingji Xie
- Department of Vascular Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Vascular Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haizhen Chen
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Marini TJ, Weiss SL, Gupta A, Zhao YT, Baran TM, Garra B, Shafiq I, Oppenheimer DC, Egoavil MS, Ortega RL, Quinn RA, Kan J, Dozier AM, Tamayo L, Carlotto C, Castaneda B. Testing telediagnostic thyroid ultrasound in Peru: a new horizon in expanding access to imaging in rural and underserved areas. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2699-2708. [PMID: 33970434 PMCID: PMC8572222 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thyroid ultrasound is a key tool in the evaluation of the thyroid, but billions of people around the world lack access to ultrasound imaging. In this study, we tested an asynchronous telediagnostic ultrasound system operated by individuals without prior ultrasound training which may be used to effectively evaluate the thyroid and improve access to imaging worldwide. METHODS The telediagnostic system in this study utilizes volume sweep imaging (VSI), an imaging technique in which the operator scans the target region with simple sweeps of the ultrasound probe based on external body landmarks. Sweeps are recorded and saved as video clips for later interpretation by an expert. Two operators without prior ultrasound experience underwent 8 h of training on the thyroid VSI protocol and the operation of the telemedicine platform. After training, the operators scanned patients at a health center in Lima. Telediagnostic examinations were sent to the United States for remote interpretation. Standard of care thyroid ultrasound was performed by an experienced radiologist at the time of VSI examination to serve as a reference standard. RESULTS Novice operators scanned 121 subjects with the thyroid VSI protocol. Of these exams, 88% were rated of excellent image quality showing complete or near complete thyroid visualization. There was 98.3% agreement on thyroid nodule presence between VSI teleultrasound and standard of care ultrasound (Cohen's kappa 0.91, P < 0.0001). VSI measured the thyroid size, on average, within 5 mm compared to standard of care. Readers of VSI were also able to effectively characterize thyroid nodules, and there was no significant difference in measurement of thyroid nodule size (P = 0.74) between VSI and standard of care. CONCLUSION Thyroid VSI telediagnostic ultrasound demonstrated both excellent visualization of the thyroid gland and agreement with standard of care thyroid ultrasound for nodules and thyroid size evaluation. This system could be deployed for evaluation of palpable thyroid abnormalities, nodule follow-up, and epidemiological studies to promote global health and improve the availability of diagnostic imaging in underserved communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T J Marini
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - S L Weiss
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - A Gupta
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Y T Zhao
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - T M Baran
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - B Garra
- Medical Imaging Ministries of the Americas, 10810 Lake Minneola Shores, Clermont, FL, 34711, USA
| | - I Shafiq
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - D C Oppenheimer
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - M S Egoavil
- Medical Innovation and Technology, Calle Los Libertadores 635, 15046, San Isidro, Peru
| | - R L Ortega
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - R A Quinn
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - J Kan
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - A M Dozier
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - L Tamayo
- Medical Innovation and Technology, Calle Los Libertadores 635, 15046, San Isidro, Peru
| | - C Carlotto
- Medical Innovation and Technology, Calle Los Libertadores 635, 15046, San Isidro, Peru
| | - B Castaneda
- Pontifica Universidad Catolica del Peru, Av. Universitaria 1801, 15088, San Miguel, Peru.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Comparison between planar and single-photon computed tomography images for radiation intensity quantification in iodine-131 scintigraphy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21858. [PMID: 34750482 PMCID: PMC8576011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of quantifying iodine-131 (131I) accumulation in scintigraphy images and compare planar and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images to estimate 131I radioactivity in patients receiving radioactive iodine therapy for thyroid cancer. We evaluated 72 sets of planar and SPECT images acquired between February 2017 and December 2018. Simultaneously, we placed a reference 131I capsule next to the patient during image acquisition. We evaluated the correlation between the intensity of the capsule in the images and the capsule dose and estimated the radiation dose at the thyroid bed. The mean capsule dose was 2.14 MBq (range, 0.63–4.31 MBq). The correlation coefficients (p-value) between capsule dose and maximum and mean intensities in both planar and SPECT images were 0.93 (p < 0.01), 0.96 (p < 0.01), 0.60 (p < 0.01), and 0.47 (p < 0.01), respectively. The mean intensities of planar images show the highest correlation coefficients. Based on a regression equation, the average radiation dose in the thyroid bed was 5.9 MBq. In conclusion, planar images reflected the radiation dose more accurately than SPECT images. The regression equation allows to determine the dose in other regions, such as the thyroid bed or sites of distant metastasis.
Collapse
|
30
|
Radzina M, Ratniece M, Putrins DS, Saule L, Cantisani V. Performance of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Thyroid Nodules: Review of Current State and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5469. [PMID: 34771632 PMCID: PMC8582579 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound has been established as a baseline imaging technique for thyroid nodules. The main advantage of adding CEUS is the ability to assess the sequence and intensity of vascular perfusion and hemodynamics in the thyroid nodule, thus providing real-time characterization of nodule features, considered a valuable new approach in the determination of benign vs. malignant nodules. Original studies, reviews and six meta-analyses were included in this article. A total of 624 studies were retrieved, and 107 were included in the study. As recognized for thyroid nodule malignancy risk stratification by US, for acceptable accuracy in malignancy a combination of several CEUS parameters should be applied: hypo-enhancement, heterogeneous, peripheral irregular enhancement in combination with internal enhancement patterns, and slow wash-in and wash-out curve lower than in normal thyroid tissue. In contrast, homogeneous, intense enhancement with smooth rim enhancement and "fast-in and slow-out" are indicative of the benignity of the thyroid nodule. Even though overlapping features require standardization, with further research, CEUS may achieve reliable performance in detecting or excluding thyroid cancer. It can also play an operative role in guiding ablation procedures of benign and malignant thyroid nodules and metastatic lymph nodes, and providing accurate follow-up imaging to assess treatment efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maija Radzina
- Radiology Research Laboratory, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.R.); (L.S.)
- Medical Faculty, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia;
- Diagnostic Radiology Institute, Paula Stradina Clinical University Hospital, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
| | - Madara Ratniece
- Radiology Research Laboratory, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.R.); (L.S.)
| | - Davis Simanis Putrins
- Medical Faculty, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia;
- Diagnostic Radiology Institute, Paula Stradina Clinical University Hospital, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
| | - Laura Saule
- Radiology Research Laboratory, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.R.); (L.S.)
- Diagnostic Radiology Institute, Paula Stradina Clinical University Hospital, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
| | - Vito Cantisani
- Department of Radiological, Anatomopathological and Oncological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Han L, Li W, Li Y, Wen W, Yao Y, Wang Y. Total thyroidectomy is superior for initial treatment of thyroid cancer. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2021; 17:e170-e175. [PMID: 32757466 PMCID: PMC8596583 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased annually, and has a heavy psychological and economic burden on the society and individuals. Based on thyroid cancer data from patients treated in Liaocheng People's Hospital in 2017, with Chinese national and regional characteristics, in this study we addressed the controversy of which initial thyroid surgical mode, lobectomy, or total thyroidectomy is the most effective. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical and pathological data from 552 patients with thyroid cancer, who were initially diagnosed and treated surgically, were collected from the Department of Thyroid Surgery. Among them, 40 patients underwent endoscopic surgery, with resection, including lobectomy + central lymph node dissection of the affected lobe, while 512 cases underwent total thyroidectomy + central lymph node dissection. RESULTS The metastasis rate for all patients was 59.42%, with lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma of 46.92%; however, for patients with tumors >2 cm, the proportion developing metastasis was increased to 77.53%. CONCLUSION In thyroid cancer, rates of neck lymph node metastasis are high, particularly among patients with risk factors for poor prognosis. Our data suggest that initial treatment should comprise at least total thyroidectomy + central lymph node dissection in China, at least in tumors larger than 1 cm, to avoid the risks associated with secondary surgery and effects on patient quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Han
- Department of PathologyLiaocheng People's HospitalAffiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLiaochengShandongChina
| | - Wenlei Li
- Department of Thyroid SurgeryLiaocheng People's HospitalAffiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLiaochengShandongChina
| | - Yingxue Li
- Department of PathologyLiaocheng People's HospitalAffiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLiaochengShandongChina
| | - Wenjuan Wen
- Department of PathologyLiaocheng People's HospitalAffiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLiaochengShandongChina
| | - Yumin Yao
- Department of Thyroid SurgeryLiaocheng People's HospitalAffiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLiaochengShandongChina
| | - Yongkun Wang
- Department of Thyroid SurgeryLiaocheng People's HospitalAffiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLiaochengShandongChina
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li L, Wang J, Li Z, Qiu S, Cao J, Zhao Y, Huang Z, He J, Luo F, Yang K. Diagnostic Value of Serum lncRNA HOTAIR Combined with Galectin-3 in Benign and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:6517-6525. [PMID: 34447269 PMCID: PMC8382966 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s312784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. LncRNA HOTAIR (HOx Transcript AntIsense RNA) and Galectin-3 are involved in PTC. This study explored the clinical effect of lncRNA HOTAIR/Galectin-3 on PTC patients. Methods Subjects were assigned into PTC (160 cases) and benign thyroid tumor groups (150 cases). Fasting peripheral venous blood was collected. LncRNA HOTAIR/Galectin-3 expressions in serum were detected. Subjects were assigned into HOTAIR/Glactin-3 high/low expression groups and their correlation with age, gender, BMI, tumor size, pathological stage, TSH, TPO-Ab, and TG-Ab in PTC was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted on diagnostic efficacy of HOTAIR or/and Galectin-3. The difference of area under the curve (AUC) was compared and analyzed. Results HOTAIR and Glactin-3 were higher in PTC group and correlated with tumor pathological stage. Higher HOTAIR/Glactin-3 expression indicated a more advanced TNM stage. LncRNA HOTAIR was positively correlated with TPO-Ab and TG-Ab. AUC of HOTAIR for PTC diagnosis was 0.895, with 96.00% specificity and 80.63% sensitivity. AUC of Glactin-3 for PTC diagnosis was 0.817, with 66.67% specificity and 78.75% sensitivity. AUC of HOTAIR combining with Glactin-3 for PTC diagnosis was 0.969 with 96.00% specificity and 87.50% sensitivity. AUC of lncRNA HOTAIR was higher than that of Glactin-3, while AUC of the combination was higher than that of lncRNA HOTAIR or Glactin-3. Conclusion LncRNA HOTAIR and Glactin-3 were highly expressed in PTC. The combination detection of lncRNA HOTAIR/Glactin-3 had higher diagnostic efficiency on the differential diagnosis of benign thyroid tumor and PTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Kunhua Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Kunhua Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongquan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yunnan General Hospital of Armed Police, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Kunhua Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyu Cao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Kunhua Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Kunhua Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenfan Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Kunhua Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Kunhua Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Feipeng Luo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Baoshan City, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunxian Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Kunhua Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Piccardo A, Siri G, Ugolini M, Fiz F, Puntoni M, Bottoni G, Catrambone U, Pitoia F, Trimboli P. A Three-Domain Scoring System to Customize the Risk of Relapse of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174335. [PMID: 34503146 PMCID: PMC8430463 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE the validation of a new scoring model considering the principal risk factors of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) relapse. METHODS we evaluated all DTC patients treated with thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. Three domains were considered: the demographic domain (age and gender), the surgical domain (histology and the American Thyroid Association risk categories), and the RAI-related domain (pre-RAI thyroglobulin and post-therapeutic 131I whole-body scan). The progression-free survival was assessed. The patients' sample was randomly split into a training and validation set. The three-domain score was calculated as the weighted sum of the levels of each significant factor, then scaled to an integer range (0-100) and, finally, stratified into terciles: mild risk 0-33, moderate risk 34-66, and severe risk 67-100. RESULTS 907 DTC patients were included. The RAI-related domain was the most relevant factor in the score calculation. The tercile stratification identified significantly different survival curves: patients within the two upper terciles showed approximately 6 to 30 times more progressive risk than patients at mild risk. CONCLUSION we have validated a three-domain scoring system and the principal impact on this score is provided by the peri-RAI findings, whose prognostic role seems to be essential in risk identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnoldo Piccardo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, E.O. “Ospedali Galliera”, 16128 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (M.U.); (G.B.)
| | - Giacomo Siri
- Scientific Directorate, Galliera Hospital, 16128 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Martina Ugolini
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, E.O. “Ospedali Galliera”, 16128 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (M.U.); (G.B.)
| | - Francesco Fiz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, E.O. “Ospedali Galliera”, 16128 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (M.U.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (P.T.); Tel.: +39-010-5634530 (F.F.)
| | - Matteo Puntoni
- Clinical & Epidemiological Research Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Bottoni
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, E.O. “Ospedali Galliera”, 16128 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (M.U.); (G.B.)
| | - Ugo Catrambone
- Department of Surgery, E.O. “Ospedali Galliera”, 16128 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Fabián Pitoia
- Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1053, Argentina;
| | - Pierpaolo Trimboli
- Servizio di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Facultà di Scienze Biomediche, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (P.T.); Tel.: +39-010-5634530 (F.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gianì F, Masto R, Trovato MA, Malandrino P, Russo M, Pellegriti G, Vigneri P, Vigneri R. Heavy Metals in the Environment and Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4052. [PMID: 34439207 PMCID: PMC8393334 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased more than most other cancers, paralleling the generalized worldwide increase in metal pollution. This review provides an overview of the evidence supporting a possible causative link between the increase in heavy metals in the environment and thyroid cancer. The major novelty is that human thyroid stem/progenitor cells (thyrospheres) chronically exposed to different metals at slightly increased environmentally relevant concentrations show a biphasic increase in proliferation typical of hormesis. The molecular mechanisms include, for all metals investigated, the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) pathway. A metal mixture, at the same concentration of individual metals, was more effective. Under the same conditions, mature thyrocytes were unaffected. Preliminary data with tungsten indicate that, after chronic exposure, additional abnormalities may occur and persist in thyrocytes derived from exposed thyrospheres, leading to a progeny population of transformation-prone thyroid cells. In a rat model predisposed to develop thyroid cancer, long-term exposure to low levels of metals accelerated and worsened histological signs of malignancy in the thyroid. These studies provide new insight on metal toxicity and carcinogenicity occurring in thyroid cells at a low stage of differentiation when chronically exposed to metal concentrations that are slightly increased, albeit still in the "normal" range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenza Gianì
- Endocrinology, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (F.G.); (R.M.); (P.M.); (M.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Roberta Masto
- Endocrinology, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (F.G.); (R.M.); (P.M.); (M.R.); (G.P.)
| | | | - Pasqualino Malandrino
- Endocrinology, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (F.G.); (R.M.); (P.M.); (M.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Marco Russo
- Endocrinology, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (F.G.); (R.M.); (P.M.); (M.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Gabriella Pellegriti
- Endocrinology, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (F.G.); (R.M.); (P.M.); (M.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- Medical Oncology and Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, A.O.U. Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Vigneri
- Endocrinology, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (F.G.); (R.M.); (P.M.); (M.R.); (G.P.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cristallography Institute, Catania Section, via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lee YK, Lee S, Lee EK, Kim HC, Kong SY, Cha HS, Hwangbo Y. Can computed tomography scanning in adults lead to an increased risk of thyroid cancer? A nationwide nested case-control study. Eur Radiol 2021; 32:415-423. [PMID: 34245323 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-08186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between computed tomography (CT) scanning and newly diagnosed thyroid cancer cases in relation to the confounding effect of the healthcare utilization rate. METHODS This nested case-control study used the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort 2002-2015: 3557 adult thyroid cancer cases were matched to 17,785 controls by age, sex, and diagnosis date. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated for thyroid cancer associated with cumulative exposure to CT scanning > 3 years before cancer diagnosis. Changes in estimated ORs with and without adjustment for outpatient visit frequency were investigated. RESULTS ORs for newly diagnosed thyroid cancer increased according to the higher number of total CT scans and thyroid-exposing CT scans (CT scans of the head, neck, or chest compartment; OR and 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 [1.03-1.16] and 1.28 [1.05-1.57], respectively). ORs for thyroid cancer increased according to higher outpatient visit frequency. The association between thyroid cancer incidence and CT scans became insignificant when outpatient visit frequency was adjusted in the models (OR [95% CI], 1.03 [0.97-1.10]: total CT scans, 1.14 [0.93-1.41]: thyroid-exposing CT scans). Subgroup analyses stratified by age, sex, and history of other malignancies did not reveal independent associations between CT scanning and thyroid cancer. CONCLUSIONS The high incidence of thyroid cancer in adults exposed to ionizing radiation during CT scanning can be largely explained by the confounding effect of the healthcare utilization rate. These effects should be considered to avoid overestimation of the CT scanning-associated risk of thyroid cancer. KEY POINTS • Studies indicate that diagnostic imaging using low-ionizing radiation may increase risks for thyroid cancer in adults. • Our findings suggest that the risk for radiation-induced thyroid cancer following CT scanning in adults may have been overestimated in observational studies due to medical surveillance-related biases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Ki Lee
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Lee
- Cancer Big Data Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Kong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Soung Cha
- Cancer Big Data Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yul Hwangbo
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tong M, Li S, Li Y, Li Y, Feng Y, Che Y. Tumor invasive ability of papillary thyroid carcinomas is not conferred by acquired gene mutations. J Investig Med 2021; 69:1382-1385. [PMID: 34234011 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-001971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The ability to predict whether a carcinoma would exhibit invasive ability in patients with PTC is important and has clinical implications for the selection of therapeutic strategies. Although several studies have focused on the genetic characterization of invasive cancer cells, the factors critical to the origination of invasive cancer cells are still unclear. This study aimed to determine whether genomic mutations contribute to the acquisition of the tumor invasion phenotype and to investigate the genetic features of invasive cancer cells in patients with PTC. We performed customized 48-gene deep exon sequencing in samples obtained from 88 patients with PTC via fine needle aspiration; the results revealed that no genetic changes were specifically associated with the tumor aggressiveness phenotype. Our results indicate that genetic mutations do not cause indolent PTCs to become invasive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Tong
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yulong Li
- Center of Genome and Personalized Medicine, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Li
- Center of Genome and Personalized Medicine, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Che
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dotinga M, Vriens D, van Velden F, Heijmen L, Nagarajah J, Hicks R, Kapiteijn E, de Geus-Oei LF. Managing radioiodine refractory thyroid cancer: the role of dosimetry and redifferentiation on subsequent I-131 therapy. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2021; 64:250-264. [PMID: 32744039 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Poor responses to iodine-131 (I-131) therapy can relate to either low iodine uptake and retention in thyroid cancer cells or to increased radioresistance. Both mechanisms are currently termed radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory (RAI-R) thyroid cancer but the first reflects unsuitability for I-131 therapy that can be evaluated in advance of treatment, whereas the other can only be identified post hoc. Management of both represents a considerable challenge in clinical practice as failure of I-131 therapy, the most effective treatment of metastatic thyroid cancer, is associated with a poor overall prognosis. The development of targeted therapies has shown substantial promise in the treatment of RAI-R thyroid cancer in progressive patients. Recent studies show that selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting B-type rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma kinase (BRAF) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) can be used as redifferentiation agents to re-induce RAI uptake, thereby (re)enabling I-131 therapy. The use of dosimetry prior- and post-TKI treatment can assist in quantifying RAI uptake and improve identification of patients that will benefit from I-131 therapy. It also potentially offers the prospect of calculating individualized therapeutic administered activities to enhance efficacy and limit toxicity. In this review, we present an overview of the regulation of RAI uptake and clinically investigated redifferentiation agents, both reimbursed and in experimental setting, that induce renewed RAI uptake. We describe the role of dosimetry in redifferentiation and subsequent I-131 therapy in RAI-R thyroid cancer, explain different dosimetry approaches and discuss limitations and considerations in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Dotinga
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands -
| | - Dennis Vriens
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Floris van Velden
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Heijmen
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - James Nagarajah
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rodney Hicks
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ellen Kapiteijn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gonçalves CFL, Hecht F, Cazarin J, Fortunato RS, Vaisman M, Carvalho DPD, Ferreira ACF. The flavonoid quercetin reduces cell migration and increases NIS and E-cadherin mRNA in the human thyroid cancer cell line BCPAP. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 529:111266. [PMID: 33831503 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most frequent cancer of the endocrine system. Most patients are treated with thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine therapy. However, in part of the patients, a reduction of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) occurs, rendering radioiodine therapy ineffective. Moreover, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may occur, leading to more aggressive and invasive features. Herein, we evaluated the effect of the flavonoid quercetin on EMT and NIS expression in BCPAP, a papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line. BCPAP was treated with 100 μM quercetin for 24 h and cell viability, apoptosis, EMT markers and NIS were evaluated. Quercetin decreased cell viability by enhancing apoptosis. The flavonoid also reduced matrix metalloproteinase 9 and increased E-cadherin mRNA levels, inhibiting BCPAP adhesion and migration. Additionally, quercetin increased NIS expression and function. Thus, our results suggest that quercetin could be useful as adjuvant in thyroid cancer therapy, inducing apoptosis, reducing invasion and increasing the efficacy of radioiodine therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Frederico Lima Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Fabio Hecht
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Cazarin
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Soares Fortunato
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Sinalização Redox, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Mario Vaisman
- Serviço de Endocrinologia do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (HUCFF/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Denise Pires de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Andrea Claudia Freitas Ferreira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil; NUMPEX, Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Xu J, Zhang Y, Liu J, Qiu S, Wang M. A population-based study of the three major variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060520984618. [PMID: 33535844 PMCID: PMC7869181 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520984618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the clinicopathological features and relative prognostic risks of
the three major variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics and
prognoses of patients with the three major PTC variants, conventional
papillary thyroid carcinoma (CPTC), follicular-variant papillary carcinoma
(FVPTC), and tall-cell papillary thyroid carcinoma (TCPTC), based on data
from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2005 to
2009. Results A total of 29,555 patients were enrolled. In terms of their demographic and
clinicopathological characteristics, TCPTC had the highest prevalence of
older patients, men, patients with locally advanced stage (T stage and N
stage), and mortality, while FVPTC had the lowest prevalence in relation to
these factors. The three variants differed significantly in terms of 5-year
overall survival and 5-year disease-specific survival. Cox regression
analysis identified male sex, age ≥45 years, and higher American Joint
Committee on Cancer and TNM stage as independent factors predicting a poor
prognosis in relation to both overall and disease-specific survival. Conclusions CPTC, FVPTC, and TCPTC have different clinicopathological characteristics and
prognoses, indicating the need for different treatment strategies for these
three variants of PTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenglong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Oncology Department, Johns Hopkins Hospital, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lin X, Wang ZY, Xue G, Qin XJ, Wu JF, Zhang G. ADORA1 is a diagnostic-related biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Cancer 2021; 12:3997-4010. [PMID: 34093805 PMCID: PMC8176250 DOI: 10.7150/jca.50743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adenosine A1 Receptor (ADORA1) is an adenosine receptor particularly relevant to the immunomodulatory process of malignant tumors. There are growing evidences that dysregulated overexpression of ADORA1 can promote many types of tumorigenesis. However, the expression and prognostic value and mechanism of ADORA1 in thyroid papillary carcinoma have not been reported. Methods: TCGA, ONCOMINE, UALCAN, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, LinkedOmics, TIMER, GSCALite, TISIDB and EPIC tools were used in this study. Results: ADORA1 was overexpressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma compared to paracancerous tissue. And ADORA1 was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis as well as pathological stage in PTC. ADORA1 had diagnostic and prognostic value for PTC. The functions of ADORA1 co-expressed genes were mainly enriched in immune response, immune response-regulation signaling pathway, regulation of leukocyte activation and cancer-related pathways. Besides, ADORA1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor-infiltrating cells and immune biomarkers in PTC. Finally, the high expression of ADORA1 was sensitive to JW-55 drug. Conclusion: ADORA1 is a diagnostic and a prognostic biomarker for PTC. The expression of ADORA1 is positively correlated with many immunoregulatory factors in PTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Lin
- Zhangjiakou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer Precision Diagnosis, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- Zhangjiakou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer Precision Diagnosis, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Gang Xue
- Zhangjiakou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer Precision Diagnosis, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Qin
- Zhangjiakou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer Precision Diagnosis, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Jing-Fang Wu
- Zhangjiakou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer Precision Diagnosis, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Geng Zhang
- Zhangjiakou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer Precision Diagnosis, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Added Value of Postoperative Radioiodine Scan for Staging and Risk Stratification in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma. J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc 2021; 36:64-68. [PMID: 34177090 PMCID: PMC8214359 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.036.01.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The complete staging and risk stratification of Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is usually not done due to its theoretically low recurrence rates. This study aimed to determine the value of postoperative radioiodine diagnostic scan and SPECT/CT for the accurate staging and risk stratification in PTMC patients. Methodology This study was a retrospective review of PTMC patients from January 2014 to May 2017 who underwent I-131 scans. All PTMC patients were initially staged by the 8th edition AJCC/TNM staging system and risk-stratified, based on clinical information, histopathology and stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg). After I-131 scan, staging and risk stratification were re-assessed. The proportion of patients who ended up with a higher stage and risk stratification were reported. Results and Conclusion Fifty-two patients were included. The overall upgrading of cancer stage was 7.7 %. The overall higher risk stratification was 19.2% with radioiodine-avid lymph node, lung, and bone metastases. Neck and paratracheal node metastases were found in 37.3% of the initial low-risk patients with sTg less than 5 ng/mL. Lung metastasis was found in the initial intermediate-risk patient. The I-131 scan helps to localize metastatic lesions and results in a higher stage in 50% of the initial high-risk patients. This study provides some evidence showing the value of postoperative radioiodine WBS for accurate staging and risk stratification in PTMC patients. Larger studies with analytical design should be further performed to prove its significant utility.
Collapse
|
42
|
Mohorea IS, Socea B, Şerban D, Ceausu Z, Tulin A, Melinte V, Ceausu M. Incidence of thyroid carcinomas in an extended retrospective study of 526 autopsies. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:607. [PMID: 33936264 PMCID: PMC8082578 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer accounts for 1% of all malignancies, and is becoming increasingly common worldwide. The literature reports a prevalence of ~50% of thyroid nodules detected during autopsies in subjects with unknown thyroid pathology. An extended retrospective study of 526 autopsy cases was performed to identify the prevalence of thyroid carcinoma, among various types of thyroid nodules identified incidentally. Tissue samples were taken from thyroid nodules, for investigation of the presence of thyroid carcinoma, along with their macroscopic and microscopic features by means of histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods. Histopathological diagnosis of malignancy was found in 51 cases of analyzed thyroid samples. Systematic detailed studies demonstrated that a thyroid gland, apparently normal on macroscopic examination, may be the site of pathological manifestations, sometimes presenting carcinomatous findings. Among thyroid carcinomas, the highest frequency was that of papillary microcarcinomas, which have a long evolution, and are incidentally detected during autopsies. Papillary microcarcinoma is an extremely common incidental finding and the vast majority of these tumors pursue a benign course. Furthermore, it is therefore necessary to create national screening programs for the early detection of thyroid carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Sobaru Mohorea
- Department of Pathology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Pathology, Braila Emergency County Hospital, 810325 Braila, Romania
| | - Bogdan Socea
- Department of Surgery, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Surgery, 'Sf. Pantelimon' Emergency Clinical Hospital, 021659 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragoş Şerban
- Department of Surgery, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Surgery, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Zenaida Ceausu
- Department of Pathology, 'Sf. Pantelimon' Emergency Hospital, 021659 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Tulin
- Department of Anatomy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Surgery, 'Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu' Clinical Emergency Hospital, 011356 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Violeta Melinte
- Department of Infectious Diseases, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Infectious Diseases, 'Victor Babeş' Clinical Hospital, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Ceausu
- Department of Pathology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lin M, Su Y, Wei W, Gong Y, Huang Y, Zeng J, Li L, Shi H, Chen S. Extra-Thyroid Extension Prediction by Ultrasound Quantitative Method Based on Thyroid Capsule Response Evaluation. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e929408. [PMID: 33819211 PMCID: PMC8034237 DOI: 10.12659/msm.929408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to assess the interaction between thyroid malignancies and thyroid anterior capsule by ultrasound quantification to determine extra-capsular invasion. Material/Methods A total of 145 patients preoperatively diagnosed with malignant nodules under the thyroid anterior capsule were selected and routinely examined by ultrasound. The length of the nodules (from the junction of the nodule capsule to the deepest point of the nodule, vertical diameter, V) and the distance between the nodule protruding from thyroid capsule and the highest protruding (ledge length, L) nodule were used to obtain the L/V ratio. These parameters where then used to compare the efficacy of predicting extra-thyroid extension (ETE) between L/V, the aspect ratio of the tumor, and manual judgment. Results Out of 145 nodules, there were 63 ETEs and 82 non-ETEs determined by ultrasound. Extra-capsular invasion was associated with L//V ratio, but there was no significant correlation between capsular invasion and AR (aspect ratio), age, location, or presence of clustered calcification. The ability of the ratio of L/V to predict extra-capsular invasion was superior to the predictive ability of the AR ratio. With a Youden index of 0.593, the L/V ratio was 0.2325. The use of the L/V ratio to determine the presence of ETE was superior to subjective visual judgment. Conclusions The calculation of L/V ratio by ultrasound could more precisely predict the ETE compared with manual judgment, which indirectly reflects the interaction between thyroid capsule and malignant nodules. The above conclusions need to be confirmed by a range of cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghang Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, Fuqing City Hospital Affiliated with Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland).,Department of Ultrasound, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Yiming Su
- Department of Ultrasound, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Weili Wei
- Department of Ultrasound, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Yiran Gong
- Department of Ultrasound, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Yinan Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Jinshu Zeng
- Department of Ultrasound, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Liya Li
- Department of Ultrasound, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Haihong Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Shuqiang Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cui Y, Mubarik S, Li R, Nawsherwan, Yu C. Trend dynamics of thyroid cancer incidence among China and the U.S. adult population from 1990 to 2017: a joinpoint and age-period-cohort analysis. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:624. [PMID: 33789605 PMCID: PMC8010947 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10635-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common malignant disease of the endocrine system. Based on the previously published reports, the incidence of TC has been increasing in the past 25 years, and the reason for the increase is not yet clear. The present study aims to reveal the long-term trends and age-period-cohort effects for the incidence of TC in China and the U.S. from 1990 to 2017. METHODS We examined the trends of TC incidence and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of rate using the Joinpoint regression analysis in the two countries, for the different genders (men/women) in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD 2017). We further used an age-period-cohort model to analyze age-period-cohort effects on TC incidence. RESULTS The ASIR of China increased markedly with AAPC of 4.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.0, 5.0%) and 1.8% (1.6, 2.0%) for men and women during 1990-2017. The ASIR of the U. S increased by 1.4% (1.0, 1.8%) and 1.3% (0.9, 1.7%) for men and women from 1990 to 2017.TC increased with the age and period. Aging was one of the most influential factors of TC in China. The age effect increased markedly in the U.S. compared with China. The period effect showed an increase in China while that tended to grow steadily during 1990-2017 in the U.S. The cohort effect peaked in 1963-1967 birth cohorts for men and women in China and declined consistently in the birth cohort in the U.S. CONCLUSION From 1990 to 2017, due to ionizing radiation and over-diagnosis, age-standardized TC incidence rates in both genders rose in China and the U.S. The standardized incidence rate of women is higher than that of men. It is necessary to provide women with reasonable prevention and protection measures for TC. We need to apply for health services and screening to reduce ionizing radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Sumaira Mubarik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ruijia Li
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Nawsherwan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pham DX, Nguyen HD, Phung AHT, Bui TD, Tran TS, Tran BNH, Ho-Pham LT, Nguyen TV. Trends in incidence and histological pattern of thyroid cancer in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (1996-2015): a population-based study. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:296. [PMID: 33743620 PMCID: PMC7981942 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden and trend of thyroid cancer in Vietnam have not been well documented. This study aimed to investigate the trends in incidence and histological pattern of thyroid cancer in Ho Chi Minh City from 1996 to 2015. METHODS A population-based study retrieved data from the Ho Chi Minh City Cancer Registry during 1996-2015. Trends in the incidence of thyroid cancer were investigated based on age, gender, and histology for each 5-year period. Annual percentage change (APC) in incidence rates was estimated using Joinpoint regression analysis. RESULTS In the study period, there were 5953 thyroid cancer cases (men-to-women ratio 1:4.5) newly diagnosed in Ho Chi Minh City with the mean age of 42.9 years (±14.9 years). The age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer increased from 2.4 per 100,000 during 1996-2000 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.2-2.6) to 7.5 per 100,000 during 2011-2015 (95% CI: 7.3-7.9), corresponded to an overall APC of 8.7 (95% CI 7.6-9.9). The APC in men and women was 6.2 (95% CI: 4.2-8.2) and 9.2 (95% CI: 8.0-10.4), respectively. The incidence rate in the < 45 years age group was the highest diagnosed overall and increased significantly in both men (APC 11.0) and women (APC 10.1). Both genders shared similar distribution of subtype incidences, with papillary thyroid cancer constituted the most diagnosed (73.3% in men and 85.2% in women). The papillary thyroid cancer observed a markedly increase overall (APC of 10.7 (95% CI 9.3-12.0)). CONCLUSIONS There were appreciable increases in the age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer in both genders, mainly contributed by the papillary subtype. The age of patients at diagnosis decreased gradually. The widespread utilization of advanced diagnostic techniques and healthcare accessibility improvement might play a potential role in these trends. Further investigations are needed to comprehend the risk factors and trends fully.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dung X. Pham
- Ho Chi Minh City Oncology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Oncology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hien D. Nguyen
- BioMedical Research Center, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Bone and Muscle Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - An H. T. Phung
- BioMedical Research Center, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Bone and Muscle Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tung D. Bui
- Department of Healthcare Directions, Ho Chi Minh City Oncology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thach S. Tran
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bich N. H. Tran
- Bureau of Health Information, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
| | - Lan T. Ho-Pham
- BioMedical Research Center, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Bone and Muscle Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tuan V. Nguyen
- Bone and Muscle Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pamphlett R, Doble PA, Bishop DP. Mercury in the human thyroid gland: Potential implications for thyroid cancer, autoimmune thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246748. [PMID: 33561145 PMCID: PMC7872292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Mercury and other toxic metals have been suggested to be involved in thyroid disorders, but the distribution and prevalence of mercury in the human thyroid gland is not known. We therefore used two elemental bio-imaging techniques to look at the distribution of mercury and other toxic metals in the thyroid glands of people over a wide range of ages. Materials and methods Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded thyroid tissue blocks were obtained from 115 people aged 1–104 years old, with varied clinicopathological conditions, who had thyroid samples removed during forensic/coronial autopsies. Seven-micron sections from these tissue blocks were used to detect intracellular inorganic mercury using autometallography. The presence of mercury was confirmed using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry which can detect multiple elements. Results Mercury was found on autometallography in the thyroid follicular cells of 4% of people aged 1–29 years, 9% aged 30–59 years, and 38% aged 60–104 years. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of mercury in samples staining with autometallography, and detected cadmium, lead, iron, nickel and silver in selected samples. Conclusions The proportion of people with mercury in their thyroid follicular cells increases with age, until it is present in over one-third of people aged 60 years and over. Other toxic metals in thyroid cells could enhance mercury toxicity. Mercury can trigger genotoxicity, autoimmune reactions, and oxidative damage, which raises the possibility that mercury could play a role in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancers, autoimmune thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Pamphlett
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Neuropathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Philip A. Doble
- Elemental Bio-Imaging Facility, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David P. Bishop
- Elemental Bio-Imaging Facility, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wu Z, Han L, Li W, Wang W, Chen L, Yao Y, Wang Y. Which is preferred for initial treatment of papillary thyroid cancer, total thyroidectomy or lobotomy? Cancer Med 2021; 10:1614-1622. [PMID: 33512778 PMCID: PMC7940239 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purposes The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased annually, and has a heavy psychological and economic burden on society and individuals. Based thyroid cancer data from patients treated in Liaocheng People's Hospital from 2015 to 2018, with Chinese national and regional characteristics, in this study, we addressed the controversy of which initial thyroid surgical mode, lobectomy or total thyroidectomy, is most effective. Methods Clinical and pathological data from 2108 patients with thyroid cancer, who were initially diagnosed and treated surgically, were collected from the Department of Thyroid Surgery. Among them, there were 1001 cases who underwent open operation with total thyroidectomy + central lymph node dissection; meanwhile, 1107 cases were treated with neck lateral lymph node dissection at the same time. Results The overall metastasis rate of all patients was 57.23%. Even the lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) was as high as 48.97%. When the mass rose above 2 cm, the proportion of metastasis increased to 77.22%. When the tumor was complicated with bilateral and multiple high‐risk factors, the proportion of metastasis was 65.27% and 72.21%, respectively. When the tumor breaks through the capsule, the metastasis rate was 67.08%. With the increase of tumor diameter, the metastasis of cervical lymph nodes ranged from 22.54% to 73.33%, which showed positive correlation. 49.32% of patients had lymph node metastasis in the lateral cervical region. When the diameter of the tumor reached T1c level, the metastasis of the cervical lymph nodes was 56.91%, and the number of metastatic cases above T1c level accounted for 69.96% of the total metastatic cases. Conclusion The degree of malignancy of thyroid cancer depends on tumor genome evolution. Rates of neck lymph node metastasis are high, particularly among patients with risk factors for poor prognosis. It is recommended that initial treatment should comprise at least total thyroidectomy + central lymph node dissection in China, to avoid the risks associated with secondary surgery and effects on patient quality of life. When the tumor diameter exceeds 1 cm, the risk of cervical lymph node metastasis is high, and we recommended lateral lymph node dissection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Clinical Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Pathology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Clinical Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Wenlei Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Clinical Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Clinical Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Liqaing Chen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Clinical Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yumin Yao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Clinical Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yongkun Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Clinical Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Liu M, Song J, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Peng J, Liang H, Wang C, Jiang J, Liu X, Wei W, Peng J, Liu S, Li Y, Xu N, Zhou D, Zhang Q, Zhang J. A case-control study on the association of mineral elements exposure and thyroid tumor and goiter. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111615. [PMID: 33396135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid tumor and thyroid goiter are prevalent disease around the world. In this case-control study, we investigated the association between exposure to a total of twelve mineral elements and thyroid disease as well as thyroid functions. Participants with thyroid tumor or goiter (N = 197) were matched with a healthy population (N = 197) by age (± 2 years old) and same sex. Questionnaires were used to collect data about the demographic characteristics and information of subjects. Serum and urine samples were collected simultaneously for each of the subjects. Mineral elements, iodine level of urine and levels of the total seven thyroid function indexes in serum were detected respectively. Conditional logistic regression was applied to estimate the associations between mineral elements and the risk of thyroid tumor and goiter through single-element models and multiple-element models. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate relationships between mineral elements and percentage changes of thyroid functions. Higher concentrations of mineral elements in the recruited population were found in this study than other comparable studies, and the levels of chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), selenium (Se), antimony (Sb), thallium (Tl) and lead (Pb) in the case group were lower than the control group. According to the single-element models, Cr, Mn, Ni, Sb and Tl showed significant negative associations with the risk of thyroid tumor and goiter, and, Cd showed nonmonotonic dose response. Cd and mercury (Hg) showed a nonmonotonic percentage change with T4, while Tl was associated with the increased FT4 in the control group. Therefore, Cd, Hg and Tl may disturb the balance of thyroid function to some extent, and Cr, Mn, Ni, Cd, Sb, and Tl may become potential influencing factors for the risk of thyroid tumor and goiter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiayi Song
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yousheng Jiang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jinling Peng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huiwen Liang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinjie Liu
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Ji Peng
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Si Liu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yingming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | | | - Qinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
CHD4 Predicts Aggressiveness in PTC Patients and Promotes Cancer Stemness and EMT in PTC Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020504. [PMID: 33419089 PMCID: PMC7825451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 4 (CHD4), a core subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) complex is highly expressed in several cancers. However, its role in the pathogenesis and progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has not been investigated. We investigated the prognostic significance of CHD4 in a large cohort of Middle Eastern PTC patients and explored the functional role of CHD4 in regulating cancer stemness and EMT in PTC cells. CHD4 overexpression was observed in 45.3% (650/1436) of PTCs, and was associated with aggressive clinico-pathological parameters and worse outcome. Functional analysis using PTC cell lines showed that forced expression of CHD4 promoted cell proliferation, spheroid growth, migration, invasion and progression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PTC cells whereas its knockdown reversed the effect. Methylation of E-cadherin was associated with loss of expression in CHD4 expressing cells, while CHD4 depletion reactivated E-cadherin expression. Most importantly, knockdown of mesenchymal transcriptional factors, Snail1 or Zeb1, attenuated the spheroid growth in CHD4 expressing PTC cells, showing a potential link between EMT activation and stemness maintenance in PTC. These findings suggest that CHD4 might be a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of patients with an aggressive subtype of PTC.
Collapse
|
50
|
Yang Z, Wei X, Pan Y, Xu J, Si Y, Min Z, Yu B. A new risk factor indicator for papillary thyroid cancer based on immune infiltration. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:51. [PMID: 33414407 PMCID: PMC7791058 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03294-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated a close association between immune infiltration in cancer and clinical outcomes. However, related research in thyroid cancer is still deficient. Our research comprehensively investigated the immune infiltration of thyroid cancer. Data derived from TCGA and GEO databases were analyzed by the CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, and EPIC algorithms. The CIBERSORT algorithm calculates the proportions of 22 types of immune cells. ESTIMATE algorithm calculates a stromal score to represent all stromal cells in cancer. The EPIC algorithm calculates the proportions of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and endothelial cells (ECs), which are the main components of stromal cells. We analyzed the correlation of immune infiltration with clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients. We determined that the infiltration of CD8+ T cells improved the survival of thyroid cancer patients. Overexpression of immune checkpoints was closely related to the development of thyroid cancer. In general, stromal cells were associated with the progression of thyroid cancer. Interestingly, CAFs and ECs had opposite roles in this process. In addition, the BRAFV600E mutation was related to the upregulation of immune checkpoints and CAFs and the downregulation of CD8+ T cells and ECs. Finally, we constructed an immune risk score model to predict the prognosis and development of thyroid cancer. Our research demonstrated a comprehensive panorama of immune infiltration in thyroid cancer, which may provide potential value for immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 201399, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyi Wei
- First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yitong Pan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, 211116, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyuan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710004, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Si
- First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhijun Min
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 201399, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 201399, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Vascular Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|