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Wu J, Pang X, Yang X, Zhang M, Chen B, Fan H, Wang H, Yu X, Tang Y, Liang X. M1 macrophages induce PD-L1 hi cell-led collective invasion in HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via TNF-α/CDK4/UPS14. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007670. [PMID: 38148114 PMCID: PMC10753854 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the roles of PD-L1 in promoting tumor escape from immunosurveillance have been extensively addressed, its non-immune effects on tumor cells remain unclear. METHODS The spatial heterogeneity of PD-L1 staining in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissues was identified by immunohistochemistry. Three-dimensional (3D) specific cell-led invasion assay and 3D cancer spheroid model were used to investigate the roles of PD-L1hileader cells in collective invasion. The impact of M1 macrophages on specific PD-L1 expression in leader cells and its mechanisms were further studied. Finally, the effect of combination therapy of anti-PD-L1 and CDK4 inhibitor on HPV-positive tumors were evaluated on a mice model. RESULTS Here, we observed a distinctive marginal pattern of PD-L1 expression in HPV-positive HNSCC tissues. By mimicking this spatial pattern of PD-L1 expression in the 3D invasion assay, we found that PD-L1hi cells led the tumor collective invasion. M1 macrophages induced specific PD-L1 expression in leader cells, and depletion of macrophages in tumor-bearing mice abrogated PD-L1hileader cells and collective invasion. Mechanistically, TNF-α secreted by M1 macrophages markedly increased the abundance of PD-L1 via CDK4/ubiquitin-specific peptidase 14-mediated deubiquitination of PD-L1. We also found that suppression of CDK4 enhanced the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy in an E6/E7 murine model. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified TNF-α/CDK4/ubiquitin-specific peptidase 14-mediated PD-L1 stability as a novel mechanism underlying M1 macrophage-induced PD-L1hileader cells and collective tumor invasion, and highlighted the potential of the combination therapy of anti-PD-L1 and CDK4 inhibitor for HPV-positive HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huayang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haofan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianghua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Yaling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Xinhua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Xiao D, Gan Q, Duan X, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Han P, Zhang J. Preparation and Evaluation of [ 18F]AlF-NOTA-PBB for PET Imaging of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 4/6 in Tumors. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4528-4536. [PMID: 37661815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), especially cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6), have been targets for the development of specific tumor imaging agents. Palbociclib is a highly selective CDK4/6 inhibitor. In this study, to develop a novel 18F-labeled palbociclib derivative for specific tumor imaging, we designed and synthesized a ligand (NOTA-PBB) consisting of palbociclib as the targeted pharmacophore and NOTA as the macrocyclic bifunctional chelator. The corresponding [18F]AlF-NOTA-PBB complex was prepared with high radiochemical purity (98.4 ± 0.15%) and yield (58.7 ± 4.5%) within 35 min without requiring HPLC purification through a simple one-step 18F-labeling strategy of NOTA-AlF chelation chemistry. The radiotracer was lipophilic (log P = 0.095 ± 0.003) and had good stability in vitro and in vivo. The cellular uptake studies performed on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line (ER-positive and HER2-negative) showed that radioactive uptake was blocked by preincubating with a molar dose of palbociclib and it had a nanomolar binding affinity to CDK4/6 (IC50 = 16.23 ± 1.84 nM), demonstrating a CDK4/6-mediated uptake mechanism. Its ex vivo biodistribution in nude mice-bearing MCF-7 tumors showed obvious tumor uptake and a high tumor/muscle ratio of [18F]AlF-NOTA-PBB, and tumor uptake was inhibited with 100 μg of palbociclib, demonstrating specific binding to CDK4/6. Radioactivity accumulation in MCF-7 tumors was observed in PET imaging with [18F]AlF-NOTA-PBB. Based on the results of this work, [18F]AlF-NOTA-PBB has the promising capability as a CDK4/6-targeted tumor imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qianqian Gan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaojiang Duan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Qianna Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuhao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Peiwen Han
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Li Q, Tie Y, Alu A, Ma X, Shi H. Targeted therapy for head and neck cancer: signaling pathways and clinical studies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:31. [PMID: 36646686 PMCID: PMC9842704 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is malignant, genetically complex and difficult to treat and is the sixth most frequent cancer, with tobacco, alcohol and human papillomavirus being major risk factors. Based on epigenetic data, HNC is remarkably heterogeneous, and treatment remains challenging. There is a lack of significant improvement in survival and quality of life in patients with HNC. Over half of HNC patients experience locoregional recurrence or distal metastasis despite the current multiple traditional therapeutic strategies and immunotherapy. In addition, resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and some targeted therapies is common. Therefore, it is urgent to explore more effective and tolerable targeted therapies to improve the clinical outcomes of HNC patients. Recent targeted therapy studies have focused on identifying promising biomarkers and developing more effective targeted therapies. A well understanding of the pathogenesis of HNC contributes to learning more about its inner association, which provides novel insight into the development of small molecule inhibitors. In this review, we summarized the vital signaling pathways and discussed the current potential therapeutic targets against critical molecules in HNC, as well as presenting preclinical animal models and ongoing or completed clinical studies about targeted therapy, which may contribute to a more favorable prognosis of HNC. Targeted therapy in combination with other therapies and its limitations were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfang Li
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Tie
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aqu Alu
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Huashan Shi
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Saikia M, Bhattacharyya DK, Kalita JK. Identification of Potential Biomarkers Using Integrative Approach: A Case Study of ESCC. SN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2023; 4:114. [PMID: 36573207 PMCID: PMC9769493 DOI: 10.1007/s42979-022-01492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a consensus-based approach that incorporates three microarray and three RNA-Seq methods for unbiased and integrative identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as potential biomarkers for critical disease(s). The proposed method performs satisfactorily on two microarray datasets (GSE20347 and GSE23400) and one RNA-Seq dataset (GSE130078) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Based on the input dataset, our framework employs specific DE methods to detect DEGs independently. A consensus based function that first considers DEGs common to all three methods for further downstream analysis has been introduced. The consensus function employs other parameters to overcome information loss. Differential co-expression (DCE) and preservation analysis of DEGs facilitates the study of behavioral changes in interactions among DEGs under normal and diseased circumstances. Considering hub genes in biologically relevant modules and most GO and pathway enriched DEGs as candidates for potential biomarkers of ESCC, we perform further validation through biological analysis as well as literature evidence. We have identified 25 DEGs that have strong biological relevance to their respective datasets and have previous literature establishing them as potential biomarkers for ESCC. We have further identified 8 additional DEGs as probable potential biomarkers for ESCC, but recommend further in-depth analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manaswita Saikia
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028 India
| | - Dhruba K Bhattacharyya
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028 India
| | - Jugal K Kalita
- Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA
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Cheng D, Qiu K, Rao Y, Mao M, Li L, Wang Y, Song Y, Chen J, Yi X, Shao X, Huang SH, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wu S, Yu S, Liu J, Wang H, Peng X, Li D, Yang L, Chen L, Ying Z, Zheng Y, Zheng M, Ying B, Zeng X, Zhang W, Xu W, Liu G, Chen F, Yu H, Zhao Y, Ren J. Proliferative exhausted CD8 + T cells exacerbate long-lasting anti-tumor effects in human papillomavirus-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. eLife 2023; 12:82705. [PMID: 36811599 PMCID: PMC9946444 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival prognosis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is largely different, and little is known about the anti-tumor mechanism of tumor-infiltrated exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tex) in HNSCC. We performed cell-level multi-omics sequencing on human HNSCC samples to decipher the multi-dimensional characteristics of Tex cells. A proliferative exhausted CD8+ T cell cluster (P-Tex) which was beneficial to survival outcomes of patients with HPV-positive HNSCC was identified. Interestingly, P-Tex cells expressed CDK4 genes as high as cancer cells, which could be simultaneously inhibited by CDK4 inhibitors and might be a potential reason for the ineffectiveness of CDK4 inhibitors in treating HPV-positive HNSCC. P-Tex cells could aggregate in the antigen-presenting cell niches and activate certain signaling pathways. Together, our findings suggest a promising role for P-Tex cells in the prognosis of patients with HPV-positive HNSCC by providing modest but persistent anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Cheng
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ke Qiu
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yufang Rao
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Minzi Mao
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yan Wang
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yao Song
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Junren Chen
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiaowei Yi
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiuli Shao
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shao Hui Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Yi Zhang
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Sisi Wu
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shuaishuai Yu
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Daibo Li
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lin Yang
- MinSheng Ear-Nose-Throat HospitalChengduChina
| | - Li Chen
- MinSheng Ear-Nose-Throat HospitalChengduChina
| | - Zhiye Ying
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yongbo Zheng
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Meijun Zheng
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina,Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiaoxi Zeng
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Dalla Lana School of Public HealthTorontoCanada
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Haopeng Yu
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jianjun Ren
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Scarini JF, Lavareze L, Lima-Souza RAD, Emerick C, Gonçalves MT, Figueiredo-Maciel T, Vieira GDS, Kimura TDC, de Sá RS, Aquino IG, Fernandes PM, Kowalski LP, Altemani A, Mariano FV, Egal ESA. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Exploring frontiers of combinatorial approaches with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint therapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 180:103863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Kostopoulou ON, Zupancic M, Pont M, Papin E, Lukoseviciute M, Mikelarena BA, Holzhauser S, Dalianis T. Targeted Therapy of HPV Positive and Negative Tonsillar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Reveals Synergy between CDK4/6, PI3K and Sometimes FGFR Inhibitors, but Rarely between PARP and WEE1 Inhibitors. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071372. [PMID: 35891353 PMCID: PMC9320646 DOI: 10.3390/v14071372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus positive (HPV+) tonsillar and base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC/BOTSCC) have a favorable outcome, but upon relapse, survival is poor and new therapeutical options are needed. Recently, we found synergistic effects by combining the food and drug administration approved (FDA) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor (FGFR) inhibitors BYL719 and JNJ-42756493 on TSCC cell lines. Here this approach was extended and Cyclin-Dependent-Kinase-4/6 (CDK4/6) and Poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP) and WEE1 inhibitors PD-0332991, and MK-1775 respectively were also examined. HPV+ CU-OP-2, -3, -20, and HPV- CU-OP-17 TSCC cell lines were treated with either BYL719 and JNJ-42756493, PD-0332991 BMN-673 and MK-1775 alone or in different combinations. Viability, proliferation, and cytotoxicity were followed by WST-1 assays and the IncuCyte S3 Live® Cell Analysis System. All inhibitors presented dose-dependent inhibitory effects on tested TSCC lines. Synergy was frequently obtained when combining CDK4/6 with PI3K inhibitors, but only sometimes or rarely when combining CDK4/6 with FGFR inhibitors or PARP with WEE1 inhibitors. To conclude, using CDK4/6 with PI3K or FGFR inhibitors, especially PD-0332991 with BYL719 presented synergy and enhanced the decrease of viability considerably, while although dose dependent responses were obtained with PARP and WEE1 inhibitors (BMN-673 and MK-1775 resp.), synergy was rarely disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania N. Kostopoulou
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (O.N.K.); (M.Z.); (M.P.); (E.P.); (M.L.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Mark Zupancic
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (O.N.K.); (M.Z.); (M.P.); (E.P.); (M.L.); (B.A.M.)
- Department of Head-, Neck-, Lung- and Skin Cancer, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mariona Pont
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (O.N.K.); (M.Z.); (M.P.); (E.P.); (M.L.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Emma Papin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (O.N.K.); (M.Z.); (M.P.); (E.P.); (M.L.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Monika Lukoseviciute
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (O.N.K.); (M.Z.); (M.P.); (E.P.); (M.L.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Borja Agirre Mikelarena
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (O.N.K.); (M.Z.); (M.P.); (E.P.); (M.L.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Stefan Holzhauser
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (O.N.K.); (M.Z.); (M.P.); (E.P.); (M.L.); (B.A.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (T.D.)
| | - Tina Dalianis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (O.N.K.); (M.Z.); (M.P.); (E.P.); (M.L.); (B.A.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (T.D.)
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Chai AWY, Yee PS, Cheong SC. Rational Combinations of Targeted Therapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Head and Neck Cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:837835. [PMID: 35372020 PMCID: PMC8968950 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.837835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, especially the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as the pembrolizumab and nivolumab have contributed to significant improvements in treatment outcomes and survival of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Still, only a subset of patients benefits from ICIs and hence the race is on to identify combination therapies that could improve response rates. Increasingly, genetic alterations that occur within cancer cells have been shown to modulate the tumor microenvironment resulting in immune evasion, and these have led to the emergence of trials that rationalize a combination of targeted therapy with immunotherapy. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the biological rationale and current strategies of combining targeted therapy with the approved ICIs in HNC. We summarize the ongoing combinatorial clinical trials and discuss emerging immunomodulatory targets. We also discuss the challenges and gaps that have yet to be addressed, as well as future perspectives in combining these different drug classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Wai Yeeng Chai
- Translational Cancer Biology Research Unit, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Pei San Yee
- Translational Cancer Biology Research Unit, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Sok Ching Cheong
- Translational Cancer Biology Research Unit, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Alcohol and Head and Neck Cancer: Updates on the Role of Oxidative Stress, Genetic, Epigenetics, Oral Microbiota, Antioxidants, and Alkylating Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010145. [PMID: 35052649 PMCID: PMC8773066 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) concerns more than 890,000 patients worldwide annually and is associated with the advanced stage at presentation and heavy outcomes. Alcohol drinking, together with tobacco smoking, and human papillomavirus infection are the main recognized risk factors. The tumorigenesis of HNC represents an intricate sequential process that implicates a gradual acquisition of genetic and epigenetics alterations targeting crucial pathways regulating cell growth, motility, and stromal interactions. Tumor microenvironment and growth factors also play a major role in HNC. Alcohol toxicity is caused both directly by ethanol and indirectly by its metabolic products, with the involvement of the oral microbiota and oxidative stress; alcohol might enhance the exposure of epithelial cells to carcinogens, causing epigenetic modifications, DNA damage, and inaccurate DNA repair with the formation of DNA adducts. Long-term markers of alcohol consumption, especially those detected in the hair, may provide crucial information on the real alcohol drinking of HNC patients. Strategies for prevention could include food supplements as polyphenols, and alkylating drugs as therapy that play a key role in HNC management. Indeed, polyphenols throughout their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions may counteract or limit the toxic effect of alcohol whereas alkylating agents inhibiting cancer cells’ growth could reduce the carcinogenic damage induced by alcohol. Despite the established association between alcohol and HNC, a concerning pattern of alcohol consumption in survivors of HNC has been shown. It is of primary importance to increase the awareness of cancer risks associated with alcohol consumption, both in oncologic patients and the general population, to provide advice for reducing HNC prevalence and complications.
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Current Aspects and Future Considerations of EGFR Inhibition in Locally Advanced and Recurrent Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143545. [PMID: 34298761 PMCID: PMC8306284 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is a debilitating disease that affects hundreds of thousands of individuals worldwide and has a high mortality rate. Mainstay treatment largely consists of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy which has been met with significant morbidity. The epidermal growth factor receptor is one that which plays a major role in cell signaling and has been extensively studied in locally advanced (LA) and recurrent metastatic (RM) SCCHN. This review paper details the major roles of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), previous and current EGFR inhibition therapeutics, resistance mechanisms, and the possible integration of immunotherapy and EGFR inhibition in this disease process. Abstract Recurrent metastatic (RM) and locally advanced (LA) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) are devasting disease states with limited therapeutic options and poor overall survival. Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one area that has helped improve outcomes in this disease. Anti-EGFR based therapies have been shown to improve overall survival and mitigate the significant toxicities incurred from standard radiation, chemotherapy, and/or surgical options. Cetuximab, the most well-studied anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, has demonstrated a positive impact on outcomes for RM and LA SCCHN. However, the development of early resistance to cetuximab highlights the need for a wider arsenal of therapy for RM and LA diseases. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has recently transformed the treatment of recurrent SCCHN. Drugs such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab have demonstrated success in recent clinical trials and have been approved for the treatment of advanced disease. Given the positive results of both EGFR targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors, ongoing trials are studying their synergistic effects.
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11
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Preclinical Evaluation of the Association of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor, Ribociclib, and Cetuximab in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061251. [PMID: 33809148 PMCID: PMC7998503 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We previously showed that ribociclib induces cell cycle arrest in some human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN) models. However, in vivo, ribociclib has only a cytostatic effect, suggesting that its activity needs to be optimized in combination with other treatments. We investigated the activity of ribociclib in combination with cetuximab in several HPV-negative SCCHN patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) models. We found that the combination of cetuximab and ribociclib was not significantly more active than cetuximab monotherapy. In addition, our observations also suggest that the combination of cetuximab with a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor may reduce the activity of the CDK4/6 inhibitor in some cetuximab-resistant models. Our work has significant clinical implications since combinations of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy and CDK4/6 inhibitors are currently being investigated in clinical trials. Abstract Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is observed in 90% of human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN). Cell cycle pathway impairments resulting in cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6 activation, are frequently observed in SCCHN. We investigated the efficacy of ribociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, in combination with cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the EGFR, in HPV-negative SCCHN patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) models. The combination of cetuximab and ribociclib was not significantly more active than cetuximab monotherapy in all models investigated. In addition, the combination of cetuximab and ribociclib was less active than ribociclib monotherapy in the cetuximab-resistant PDTX models. In these models, a significant downregulation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein was observed in cetuximab-treated mice. We also observed Rb downregulation in the SCCHN cell lines chronically exposed and resistant to cetuximab. In addition, Rb downregulation induced interleukin 6 (Il-6) secretion and the Janus kinase family member/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway activation that might be implicated in the cetuximab resistance of these cell lines. To conclude, cetuximab is not an appropriate partner for ribociclib in cetuximab-resistant SCCHN models. Our work has significant clinical implications since the combination of anti-EGFR therapy with CDK4/6 inhibitors is currently being investigated in clinical trials.
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12
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Gadsden NJ, Fulcher CD, Li D, Shrivastava N, Thomas C, Segall JE, Prystowsky MB, Schlecht NF, Gavathiotis E, Ow TJ. Palbociclib Renders Human Papilloma Virus-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Vulnerable to the Senolytic Agent Navitoclax. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:862-873. [PMID: 33495400 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6) leads to senescence in human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative (-) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but not in HPV-positive (+) HNSCC. The BCL-2 family inhibitor, navitoclax, has been shown to eliminate senescent cells effectively. We evaluated the efficacy of combining palbociclib and navitoclax in HPV- HNSCC. Three HPV- HNSCC cell lines (CAL27, HN31, and PCI15B) and three HPV+ HNSCC cell lines (UPCI-SCC-090, UPCI-SCC-154, and UM-SCC-47) were treated with palbociclib. Treatment drove reduced expression of phosphorylated Rb (p-Rb) and phenotypic evidence of senescence in all HPV- cell lines, whereas HPV+ cell lines did not display a consistent response by Rb or p-Rb and did not exhibit morphologic changes of senescence in response to palbociclib. In addition, treatment of HPV- cells with palbociclib increased both β-galactosidase protein expression and BCL-xL protein expression compared with untreated controls in HPV- cells. Co-expression of β-galactosidase and BCL-xL occurred consistently, indicating elevated BCL-xL expression in senescent cells. Combining palbociclib with navitoclax led to decreased HPV- HNSCC cell survival and led to increased apoptosis levels in HPV- cell lines compared with each agent given alone. IMPLICATIONS: This work exploits a key genomic hallmark of HPV- HNSCC (CDKN2A disruption) using palbociclib to induce BCL-xL-dependent senescence, which subsequently causes the cancer cells to be vulnerable to the senolytic agent, navitoclax.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cory D Fulcher
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Daniel Li
- Medical Student, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Nitisha Shrivastava
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Carlos Thomas
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jeffrey E Segall
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Michael B Prystowsky
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Nicolas F Schlecht
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Division of Oral Health and Society, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Evripidis Gavathiotis
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Thomas J Ow
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. .,Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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13
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Wu Y, Tang W, Cao Y, Jiang D, Zhao L, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Li C, Cheng C, Wang S, Yang F, Zhu X, Li G. A Cyclin D1-Specific Single-Chain Variable Fragment Antibody that Inhibits HepG2 Cell Growth and Proliferation. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e1900430. [PMID: 32170989 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin D1 is a key regulatory factor of the G1 to S transition during cell cycle progression. Aberrant cyclin D gene amplification and abnormal protein expression have been linked to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis. Intrabodies, effective anticancer therapies that specifically inhibit target protein function within all intracellular compartments, may block cyclin D1 function. Here, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody against cyclin D1 (ADκ) selected from a human semi-synthetic phage display scFv library is expressed in Escherichia coli as soluble ADκ. Purified ADκ specifically binds to recombinant and endogenous cyclin D1 with high affinity. To enable blocking of intracellular cyclin D1 activity, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal sequence is added to the ADκ sequence to encode anti-cyclin D1 intrabody ER-ADκ. Transfection of HepG2 cells with expression vector encoding ER-ADκ elicited intracellular ER-ADκ expression leading to cyclin D1 binding, significant G1 phase arrest, and apoptosis that are mechanistically tied to decreased intracellular phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (Rb) levels. Meanwhile, ER-ADκ dramatically inhibited subcutaneous human HCC xenografts growth in nude mice in vivo after injection of tumors with expression vector encoding ER-ADκ. These results demonstrate the potential of intrabody-based cyclin D1 targeting therapy as a promising treatment for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110042, China.,Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, China
| | - Yuhua Cao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Dazhi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Liangzhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Department of Immunoassay Technology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Jialiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chengjuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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14
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Leal-Esteban LC, Fajas L. Cell cycle regulators in cancer cell metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165715. [PMID: 32035102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer proliferation and progression involves altered metabolic pathways as a result of continuous demand for energy and nutrients. In the last years, cell cycle regulators have been involved in the control of metabolic processes, such as glucose and insulin pathways and lipid synthesis, in addition to their canonical function controlling cell cycle progression. Here we describe recent data demonstrating the role of cell cycle regulators in the metabolic control especially in studies performed in cancer models. Moreover, we discuss the importance of these findings in the context of current cancer therapies to provide an overview of the relevance of targeting metabolism using inhibitors of the cell cycle regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia C Leal-Esteban
- Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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15
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van Caloen G, Schmitz S, El Baroudi M, Caignet X, Pyr Dit Ruys S, Roger PP, Vertommen D, Machiels JP. Preclinical Activity of Ribociclib in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:777-789. [PMID: 31924739 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cycle pathway impairments resulting in CDK4 and 6 activation are frequently observed in human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). We investigated the activity of ribociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, in SCCHN models with the aim of identifying predictive biomarkers of response. HPV-negative or HPV-positive SCCHN cell lines (n = 8) and patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) models (n = 6) were used. The models were classified according to their sensitivity to ribociclib to investigate potential predictive biomarkers. Ribociclib had a cytostatic effect in some HPV-negative SCCHN models but had no effect in HPV-positive models. In SCCHN cell lines and PDTXs, the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein expression level correlated with ribociclib activity. Rb knockdown was, however, not sufficient to block G0-G1 arrest induced by ribociclib in Detroit-562 where p107, p130, and Forkhead BOX M1 (FOXM1) were also implicated in ribociclib activity. Cell lines harboring epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) features were less sensitive to ribociclib than those with an epithelial phenotype. Rb downregulation induced EMT in our Rb-expressing SCCHN cell lines. However, ribociclib still had significant activity in one PDTX model with high Rb and vimentin expression, suggesting that the presence of vimentin alone is not enough to induce ribociclib resistance. These findings suggest that CDK4/6 inhibitors should be investigated in patients with HPV-negative SCCHN with high Rb expression and an epithelial phenotype. Although these biomarkers are not predictive in all cases, they may enrich the population that could benefit from CDK4/6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle van Caloen
- Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale (Pole MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Schmitz
- Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale (Pole MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.,Institut Roi Albert II, Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mariama El Baroudi
- Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale (Pole MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier Caignet
- Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale (Pole MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Pyr Dit Ruys
- Protein Phosphorylation Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre P Roger
- ULB-Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Vertommen
- Protein Phosphorylation Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pascal Machiels
- Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale (Pole MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium. .,Institut Roi Albert II, Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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16
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Huo D, Jiang S, Qin Z, Feng Y, Yang R, Lv L, Li Y. Omethoate induces pharyngeal cancer cell proliferation and G1/S cell cycle progression by activation of Akt/GSK-3β/cyclin D1 signaling pathway. Toxicology 2019; 427:152298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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