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Boughanem H, Pilo J, García-Flores LA, Arranz I, Ramos-Fernandez M, Ortega-Castan M, Crujeiras AB, Sandoval J, Macias-Gonzalez M. Identification of epigenetic silencing of the SFRP2 gene in colorectal cancer as a clinical biomarker and molecular significance. J Transl Med 2024; 22:509. [PMID: 38802858 PMCID: PMC11129357 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05329-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) gene as a potential clinical biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its diagnostic role remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the significance of SFRP2 methylation levels in a large cohort of biological specimens (including blood, adipose and colonic tissues) from patients with CRC, thereby potentially identifying new biomarker utility. METHODS We examined the expression (by qPCR) and methylation status (by 450 K DNA array and DNA pyrosequencing) of the SFRP2 gene in healthy participants (N = 110, aged as 53.7 (14.2), 48/62 males/females) and patients with CRC (N = 85, aged 67.7 (10.5), 61/24 males/females), across different biological tissues, and assessing its potential as a biomarker for CRC. Additionally, we investigated the effect of recombinant human SFRP2 (rhSFRP2) as a therapeutic target, on cell proliferation, migration, and the expression of key genes related to carcinogenesis and the Wnt pathway. RESULTS Our findings revealed that SFRP2 promoter methylation in whole blood could predict cancer stage (I + II vs. III + IV) (AUC = 0.653), lymph node invasion (AUC = 0.692), and CRC recurrence (AUC = 0.699) in patients with CRC (all with p < 0.05). Furthermore, we observed a global hypomethylation of SFRP2 in tumors compared to the adjacent area (p < 0.001). This observation was validated in the TCGA-COAD and TCGA-READ cohorts, demonstrating overall hypermethylation (both with p < 0.001) and low expression (p < 0.001), as shown in publicly available scRNA-Seq data. Notably, neoadjuvant-treated CRC patients exhibited lower SFRP2 methylation levels compared to untreated patients (p < 0.05) and low promoter SFRP2 methylation in untreated patients was associated with poor overall survival (p < 0.05), when compared to high methylation. Finally, treatment with 5 µg of rhSFRP2 treatment in CRC cells (HCT116 cells) inhibited cell proliferation (p < 0.001) and migration (p < 0.05), and downregulated the expression of AXIN2 (p < 0.01), a gene involved in Wnt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS These findings establish promoter methylation of the SFRP2 gene as a prognostic candidate in CRC when assessed in blood, and as a therapeutic prognostic candidate in tumors, potentially valuable in clinical practice. SFRP2 also emerges as a therapeutic option, providing new clinical and therapeutical avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatim Boughanem
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA)-Bionand Platform, University of Malaga, 29010, Malaga, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica Medicina Interna, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jesús Pilo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA)-Bionand Platform, University of Malaga, 29010, Malaga, Spain
| | - Libia Alejandra García-Flores
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA)-Bionand Platform, University of Malaga, 29010, Malaga, Spain
| | - Isabel Arranz
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Malaga, Spain.
- Department of Human Physiology, Human Histology, Anatomical Pathology and Physical Education, University of Malaga, 29010, Malaga, Spain.
| | - María Ramos-Fernandez
- Unidad de Gestion Clinica Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Virgen de la Victoria University, 29010, Malaga, Spain
| | - María Ortega-Castan
- Unidad de Gestion Clinica Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Virgen de la Victoria University, 29010, Malaga, Spain
| | - Ana B Crujeiras
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Epigenomics Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Sandoval
- Epigenomics Core Facility and Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Macias-Gonzalez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA)-Bionand Platform, University of Malaga, 29010, Malaga, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Zhang X, Hou H, Jiang M, Zhang X. Aberrant circulating tumor DNA methylation and exosomal microRNA biomarkers for early detection of colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2743-2750. [PMID: 36583782 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) became the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in 2020. However, the rates of early screening and early diagnosis for CRC remain unsatisfactory. Thus, it is essential to explore the initiating factors of CRC and strategies for its early diagnosis. Research progress in liquid biopsy has led to the finding that circulating tumor-derived DNA (ctDNA) and exosomes play vital roles in early detection of CRC. THE APPLICATIONS OF LIQUID BIOPSY FOR EARLY DETECTION OF COLORECTAL CANCER: Moreover, the increased understanding of epigenetics has highlighted the role of ctDNA methylation in CRC carcinogenesis, and the detection of aberrant ctDNA methylation markers is a feasible strategy for diagnosis of early-stage CRC. Among exosomal markers, microRNAs (miRNAs) are abundant and are the most researched. Upregulated or downregulated expression of exosome-derived miRNAs can indicate the occurrence of early-stage CRC. FUTURE PERSPECTIVE The current research progress on aberrant ctDNA methylation and tumor exosomal miRNA biomarkers in early detection of CRC is summarized in this review, and the advantages and shortcomings of the methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchen Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Helei Hou
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Man Jiang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Zhao G, Liu X, Liu Y, Ma Y, Yang J, Li H, Xiong S, Fei S, Zheng M, Zhao X. Methylated SFRP2 and SDC2 in stool specimens for Colorectal Cancer early detection: A cost-effective strategy for Chinese population. J Cancer 2021; 12:2665-2672. [PMID: 33854626 PMCID: PMC8040708 DOI: 10.7150/jca.52478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of combination of methylated SFRP2 and methylated SDC2 (SpecColon test) in stool specimens for colorectal cancer (CRC) early detection and to optimize the cut-off value of methylated SFRP2 and methylated SDC2. Methods: Approximately 5 g of stool specimen each was collected from 420 subjects (291 in the training cohort and 129 in the validation cohort). Stool DNA was extracted and bisulfite-converted, followed by detection of methylated level of SFRP2 and SDC2. Youden index was employed to determine the cut-off value. Results: The whole operating time for stool SpecColon test takes less than 5 hours. The limit of detection of combination of methylated SFRP2 and methylated SDC2 was as low as 5 pg per reaction. The optimized cut-off value was methylated SFRP2 analyzed by 3/3 rule and methylated SDC2 analyzed by 2/3 rule. In the training cohort, the sensitivities of stool SpecColon test for detecting AA and early stage CRC (stage 0-II) were 53.8% (95% CI: 26.1%-79.6%) and 89.1% (95% CI: 77.1%-95.5%) with a specificity of 93.5% (95% CI: 87.2%-96.9%), and the AUC for CRC diagnosis was 0.879 (95% CI: 0.830-0.928). Similar performance was achieved by SpecColon test also in the validation cohort, where its sensitivities for detecting AA and early stage CRC (stage 0-II) were 61.5% (95% CI: 32.3-84.9%) and 88.5% (95% CI: 68.5%-97.0%) with a specificity of 89.5% (95% CI: 74.3-96.7%). Conclusion: Combined detections of methylated SFRP2 and methylated SDC2 in stool samples demonstrated high sensitivities and specificity for the detection of AA and early stage CRC. Therefore, this combination has the potential to become an accurate and cost-effective tool for CRC early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan Jiangsu 215300, China.,Suzhou VersaBio Technologies Co. Ltd., Kunshan Jiangsu 215300, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan Jiangsu 215300, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002, China.,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan Jiangsu 215300, China.,Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002, China.,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002, China.,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Shangmin Xiong
- Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan Jiangsu 215300, China.,Suzhou VersaBio Technologies Co. Ltd., Kunshan Jiangsu 215300, China
| | - Sujuan Fei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002, China.,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Minxue Zheng
- Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan Jiangsu 215300, China.,Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Xiangwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Zhao G, Ma Y, Li H, Li S, Zhu Y, Liu X, Xiong S, Liu Y, Miao J, Fei S, Zheng M, Zhao X. A novel plasma based early colorectal cancer screening assay base on methylated SDC2 and SFRP2. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 503:84-89. [PMID: 31962098 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylated SFRP2 was previously reported as a non-invasive biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC) detection with a relatively low sensitivity for early stage CRC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of a new plasma based CRC screening assay, SpecColon test, which tested methylated SFRP2 and SDC2 simultaneously in a single qPCR reaction, in detecting CRC and advanced adenomas (AA). METHOD One milliliter plasma of 122 CRC patients, 12 AA patients, 93 patients with benign polyps, and 91 normal individuals were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, and all samples were examined by SpecColon test. RESULTS The sensitivities for detecting AA and CRC by methylated SFRP2 alone were 50.0% (95% CI: 22.2-77.7%) and 63.1% (95% CI: 53.9-71.5%) with a specificity of 90.1% (95% CI: 81.6-95.1%). The sensitivities by methylated SDC2 alone were 33.3% (95% CI: 11.3-64.6%) and 56.6% (95% CI: 47.3-65.4%) with a specificity of 95.6% (95% CI: 88.5-98.6%). However, when methylated SFRP2 and methylated SDC2 were combined, the sensitivities for AA and CRC detection improved to 58.3% (95% CI: 28.6-83.5%) and 76.2% (95% CI: 67.5-83.3%) with a specificity of 87.9% (95% CI: 79.0-93.5%). The positive detection rates of benign polyp group and normal control group showed no significant difference (p > 0.01), whereas AA and CRC groups had significantly higher positive detection rates than normal individual group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The sensitivities for AA and early stage CRC by combined test of methylated SFRP2 and methylated SDC2, the so called SpecColon test, improved upon those by either biomarker alone without significant impact on the specificity. It has the potential to become a powerful, convenient and highly effective screening tool for early CRC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China; Suzhou VersaBio Technologies Co. Ltd., Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Shiming Li
- Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China
| | - Shangmin Xiong
- Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China; Suzhou VersaBio Technologies Co. Ltd., Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Jin Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Sujuan Fei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China.
| | - Minxue Zheng
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China.
| | - Xiangwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Yu J, Xie Y, Li M, Zhou F, Zhong Z, Liu Y, Wang F, Qi J. Association between SFRP promoter hypermethylation and different types of cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3481-3492. [PMID: 31516566 PMCID: PMC6733008 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal methylation of secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) has been observed in various human cancer types. The loss of SFRP gene expression induces the activation of the Wnt pathway and is a vital mechanism for tumorigenesis and development. The aim of the present systematic review was to assess the association between SFRP methylation and cancer risk. A meta-analysis was systematically conducted to assess the clinicopathological significance of SFRP methylation in cancer risk. The Cochrane Library, PubMed and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched, and 83 publications with a total of 21,612 samples were selected for the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the degree of associations between SFRP promoter methylation and cancer risk. Subgroup analysis, meta regression and sensitivity analysis were used to identify the potential sources of heterogeneity. SFRP1, SFRP2, SFRP4 and SFRP5 hypermethylation was significantly associated with cancer risk, with ORs of 8.48 (95% CI, 6.26-11.49), 8.21 (95% CI, 6.20-10.88), 11.41 (95% CI, 6.42-20.30) and 6.34 (95% CI, 3.86-10.42), respectively. SFRP2 methylation was significantly associated with differentiation in colorectal cancer (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.02-4.56). The results of the present study demonstrated that SFRP methylation may contribute to carcinogenesis, especially in certain cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Fenfang Zhou
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyang Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xingguo County People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 344000, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jian Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Cabrera-Mulero A, Crujeiras AB, Izquierdo AG, Torres E, Ayers D, Casanueva FF, Tinahones FJ, Morcillo S, Macias-Gonzalez M. Novel SFRP2 DNA Methylation Profile Following Neoadjuvant Therapy in Colorectal Cancer Patients with Different Grades of BMI. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8071041. [PMID: 31319558 PMCID: PMC6678889 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8071041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between body weight and different cancers is now well-recognized and among such cancers, colorectal cancer (CRC) is reported most frequently. Our group recently published findings, through an epigenome-wide association study, suggesting that body mass index (BMI) could act as a relevant risk factor in the CRC. In addition, aberrant SFRP2 methylation is one of the major mechanisms for Wnt signaling activation in CRC. Conversely, neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy appears to alter the rectal cancer epigenome. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of obesity, measured by BMI, on the methylation of SFRP2 in tumor samples of patients with CRC. Non-treated CRC patients and CRC patients treated with pre-operative neoadjuvant therapy from 2011 to 2013 were included and classified by BMI < 25.0 kg/m2 and BMI > 25.0 kg/m2. SFRP2 DNA methylation in tumor samples was measured by pyrosequencing. Our findings suggest a possible interaction between SFRP2 methylation levels and BMI in CRC tumor samples. The correlation of SFRP2 hypomethylation with an elevated BMI was stronger within the non-treated CRC patient group than within the treated CRC patient group. We have successfully demonstrated that the beneficial association of tumor SFRP2 hypomethylation is dependent on patient BMI in non-treated CRC, suggesting a possible tumor suppressor role for SFRP2 in overweight and obese patients. Additional studies of clinical pathologies would be necessary to strengthen these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cabrera-Mulero
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, University of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03/0018), "Instituto de Salud Carlos III", 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Crujeiras
- CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03/0018), "Instituto de Salud Carlos III", 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrea G Izquierdo
- CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03/0018), "Instituto de Salud Carlos III", 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Esperanza Torres
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Intercentros Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Duncan Ayers
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, 2080 Msida MSD, Malta
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Felipe F Casanueva
- CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03/0018), "Instituto de Salud Carlos III", 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, University of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03/0018), "Instituto de Salud Carlos III", 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Morcillo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, University of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain.
- CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03/0018), "Instituto de Salud Carlos III", 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Laboratorio Investigación Biomédica 1ª Planta, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Campus de Teatinos s/n 29010, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Manuel Macias-Gonzalez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, University of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03/0018), "Instituto de Salud Carlos III", 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Li H, Wang Z, Zhao G, Ma Y, Chen Y, Xue Q, Zheng M, Fei S. Performance of a MethyLight assay for methylated SFRP2 DNA detection in colorectal cancer tissue and serum. Int J Biol Markers 2019; 34:54-59. [PMID: 30852954 DOI: 10.1177/1724600818820536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the five most common cancers in China, and its incidence is steadily increasing. An accurate and non-invasive screening method is needed to increase the population uptake of colorectal cancer screening. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 ( SFRP2) has been found to be hypermethylated in most colorectal cancer patients, and it may fulfill the role of a non-invasive biomarker for colorectal cancer screening. METHODS Methylation status of SFRP2 was examined in 17 cancer tissues and paired adjacent paracancer tissues by a new SFRP2 MethyLight assay, which was also used to test the serum of 62 patients with colorectal cancer and 55 normal individuals. RESULTS The limit of detection of the SFRP2 MethyLight assay was about 200 pg per reaction. The SFRP2 methylation level was higher in 94.1% colorectal cancer tissues than in paired adjacent paracancer tissues ( P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of SFRP2 for detecting colorectal cancer in serum were 69.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 56.2, 80.1%) and 87.3% (95% CI 74.9, 94.3%), respectively. CONCLUSION SFRP2 methylation in serum has the potential to be a non-invasive biomarker for colorectal cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- 2 School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu, China.,3 Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou Jiangsu, China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- 4 Zhejiang University Kunshan Biotechnology Laboratory, Zhejiang University Kunshan Innovation Institute, Kunshan Jiangsu, China.,5 VersaBio Technologies Co. Ltd., Kunshan Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Ma
- 3 Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- 2 School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Xue
- 6 Department of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan Hebei, China
| | - Minxue Zheng
- 3 Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou Jiangsu, China
| | - Sujuan Fei
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu, China
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Lorenzon-Ojea AR, Yung HW, Burton GJ, Bevilacqua E. The potential contribution of stromal cell-derived factor 2 (SDF2) in endoplasmic reticulum stress response in severe preeclampsia and labor-onset. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165386. [PMID: 30776414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurs when the protein folding machinery in the cell is unable to cope with newly synthesized proteins, which results in an accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. In response, the cell activates a cellular signaling pathway known as the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), aiming to restore cellular homeostasis. Activation and exacerbation of the UPR have been described in several human pathologies, including cancer and neurological disorders, and in some gestational diseases such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. This review explores the participation of stromal cell-derived factor 2 (SDF2) in UPR pathways, shows new information and discusses its exacerbation regarding protein expression in severe preeclampsia and labor, both of which are associated with ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline R Lorenzon-Ojea
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Hong Wa Yung
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Graham J Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Estela Bevilacqua
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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9
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miR-450b-5p induced by oncogenic KRAS is required for colorectal cancer progression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:61312-61324. [PMID: 27494869 PMCID: PMC5308653 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of CRC are regarded as a complicated network and progressive event including genetic and/or epigenetic alterations. Recent researches revealed that MicroRNAs are biomarkers and regulators of CRC progression. Analyses of published microarray datasets revealed that miR-450b-5p was highly up-regulated in CRC tissues. In addition, high expression of miR-450b-5p was significantly associated with KRAS mutation. However, the role of miR-450b-5p in the progression of CRC remains unknown. Here, we sought to validate the expression of miR-450b-5p in CRC tissues and investigate the role and underlying mechanism of miR-450b-5p in the progression of CRC. The results revealed that miR-450b-5p was up-regulated in CRC tissues, high expression level of miR-450b-5p was positively associated with poor differentiation, advanced TNM classification and poor prognosis. Moreover, miR-450b-5p was especially high in KRAS-mutated cell lines and could be up-regulated by KRAS/AP-1 signaling. Functional validation revealed that overexpression of miR-450b-5p promoted cell proliferation and tumor growth while inhibited apoptosis of CRC cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-450b-5p directly bound the 3′-UTRs of SFRP2 and SIAH1, and activated Wnt/β-Catenin signaling. In conclusion, miR-450b-5p induced by oncogenic KRAS is required for colorectal cancer progression. Collectively, our work helped to understand the precise role of miR-450b-5p in the progression of CRC, and might promote the development of new therapeutic strategies against CRC.
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10
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Zhang X, Rong X, Chen Y, Su L. Methylation-mediated loss of SFRP2 enhances invasiveness of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 37:155-162. [PMID: 29320940 DOI: 10.1177/0960327117693071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The malignancy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) largely results from its invasive manner. Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) have been recently found to suppress the invasiveness of some cancers. On the other hand, the methylation of SFRPs increases protein degradation to reduce the activity of SFRPs, resulting in increased tumor cell invasion and cancer metastasis. However, the role of SFRPs in the invasion of NSCLC has not been reported. Here we analyzed the regulation of SFRPs in NSCLC cells and its effects on cell invasion. We found that SFRP2 mRNA was significantly decreased and methylation of SFRP2 gene was significantly increased in NSCLC tissue, compared to the paired adjacent nontumor tissue. Moreover, SFRP2 expression was significantly decreased in NSCLC cell lines. In NSCLC cell lines, the SFRP2 expression would be restored by the demethylation of SFRP2 gene with 5'-aza-deoxycytidine in NSCLC cell lines, at the levels of both mRNA and protein. Thus, the cell invasion would be suppressed. Furthermore, the demethylation of SFRP2 gene appeared to inhibit Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), two key factors that enhance NSCLC cell invasion. Thus, SFRP2 may inhibit NSCLC invasion by suppressing ZEB1 and MMP9, while its methylation promotes NSCLC invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- 1 Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Ji'nan, China
| | - X Rong
- 1 Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Ji'nan, China
| | - Y Chen
- 2 Department of Internal medicine, The Fourth People's Hospital of Ji'nan, Ji'nan Clinical School of Taishan Medical College, Ji'nan, China
| | - L Su
- 3 Department of Respiratory, The Fourth People's Hospital of Ji'nan, Ji'nan Clinical School of Taishan Medical College, Ji'nan, China
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11
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Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Two pathogenic pathways are involved in the development of adenoma to CRC. The first pathway involvesAPC/β-catenin characterized by chromosomal instability resulting in the accumulation of mutations. The second pathway is characterized by lesions inDNA mismatch repair genes. Aberrant DNA methylation in selected gene promoters has emerged as a new epigenetic pathway in CRC development. CRC screening is the most efficient strategy to reduce death. Specific DNA methylation events occur in multistep carcinogenesis. Epigenetic gene silencing is a causative factor of CRC development. DNA methylations have been extensively examined in stool from CRC and precursor lesions. Many methylated genes have been described in CRC and adenoma, although no definite DNA methylation biomarkers panel has been established. Multiple DNA methylation biomarkers, including secreted frizzled-related protein 2, secreted frizzled-related protein 1, tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2, vimentin, and methylguanine DNA methyltransferase, have been further investigated, and observations have revealed that DNA methylation biomarkers exhibit with high sensitivity and specificity. These markers may also be used to diagnose CRC and adenoma in early stages. Real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is sensitive, scalable, specific, reliable, time saving, and cost effective. Stool exfoliated markers provide advantages, including sensitivity and specificity. A stool qPCR methylation test may also be an enhanced tool for CRC and adenoma screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Jun Chen
- Research & Development, Allonger LLC, Columbia 21045, MD, USA.,Mei Chen Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Qingdao 266012, China
| | - Ai-Qin Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qing-Qi Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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12
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Xiao Q, Yang Y, Zhang X, An Q. Enhanced Wnt signaling by methylation-mediated loss of SFRP2 promotes osteosarcoma cell invasion. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:6315-21. [PMID: 26628297 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is essential for the initiation and progression of osteosarcoma (OS) tumors and is suppressed by the secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs). The methylation-induced protein degradation reduces the activity of SFRPs and subsequently increases the activity of Wnt signaling. However, whether the methylation of SFRP2, a member of SFRPs, may be involved in the pathogenesis of OS is not known. Here, we investigated the expression levels of SFRP2 in OS specimens. We found that SFRP2 mRNA was significantly decreased and methylation of SFRP2 gene was significantly increased in malignant OS tumors as compared to the paired adjacent non-tumor tissue. Moreover, SFRP2 expression was significantly decreased in the malignant OS cell lines, SAOS2, MG63, and U2OS, but not in the primary osteoblast cells. The demethylation of SFRP2 gene by 5'-aza-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dCyd) in OS cell lines restored SFRP2 expression, at both mRNA and protein levels, and suppressed cell invasion. Furthermore, the demethylation of SFRP2 gene appeared to inhibit nuclear retention of a key Wnt signaling factor, β-catenin, in OS cell lines. Together, these data suggest that SFRP2 may function as an OS invasion suppressor by interfering with Wnt signaling, and the methylation of SFRP2 gene may promote pathogenesis of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xiao
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, 2 Renmin Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, China.
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, 2 Renmin Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Xuepu Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, 2 Renmin Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Qing An
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, 2 Renmin Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, China
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