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Poutanen M, Hagberg Thulin M, Härkönen P. Targeting sex steroid biosynthesis for breast and prostate cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2023:10.1038/s41568-023-00609-y. [PMID: 37684402 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00609-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matti Poutanen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Center for Disease Modelling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- FICAN West Cancer Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - Malin Hagberg Thulin
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pirkko Härkönen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- FICAN West Cancer Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Nanni S, Bacci L, Aiello A, Re A, Salis C, Grassi C, Pontecorvi A, Gaetano C, Farsetti A. Signaling through estrogen receptors modulates long non-coding RNAs in prostate cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 511:110864. [PMID: 32413384 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a sex-steroid hormone-dependent cancer in which estrogens play a critical role in both initiation and progression. Recently, several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been associated with PCa and are supposedly playing a pivotal role in the biology and progression of this type of cancer. In this review, we focused on some lncRNAs that are known for their androgen and estrogen transcriptional responsiveness in PCa. Specifically, we summarized recent pieces of evidence about lncRNAs NEAT1, H19, MALAT1, and HOTAIR, in estrogen signaling, emphasizing their role in PCa progression and the acquisition of a castration-resistant phenotype. Here, the reader will find information about lncRNAs present in estrogen-dependent transcriptional complexes. The potential role of lncRNA/estrogen signaling as a novel pathway for PCa treatment will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Nanni
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Bacci
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Aurora Aiello
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "A. Ruberti" (IASI), National Research Council (CNR), 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Re
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "A. Ruberti" (IASI), National Research Council (CNR), 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Salis
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Epigenetica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Antonella Farsetti
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "A. Ruberti" (IASI), National Research Council (CNR), 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Human 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3: structural clues of 5α-DHT reverse binding and enzyme down-regulation decreasing MCF7 cell growth. Biochem J 2016; 473:1037-46. [PMID: 26929402 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Human 3α-HSD3 (3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3) plays an essential role in the inactivation of the most potent androgen 5α-DHT (5α-dihydrotestosterone). The present study attempts to obtain the important structure of 3α-HSD3 in complex with 5α-DHT and to investigate the role of 3α-HSD3 in breast cancer cells. We report the crystal structure of human 3α-HSD3·NADP(+)·A-dione (5α-androstane-3,17-dione)/epi-ADT (epiandrosterone) complex, which was obtained by co-crystallization with 5α-DHT in the presence of NADP(+) Although 5α-DHT was introduced during the crystallization, oxidoreduction of 5α-DHT occurred. The locations of A-dione and epi-ADT were identified in the steroid-binding sites of two 3α-HSD3 molecules per crystal asymmetric unit. An overlay showed that A-dione and epi-ADT were oriented upside-down and flipped relative to each other, providing structural clues for 5α-DHT reverse binding in the enzyme with the generation of different products. Moreover, we report the crystal structure of the 3α-HSD3·NADP(+)·4-dione (4-androstene-3,17-dione) complex. When a specific siRNA (100 nM) was used to suppress 3α-HSD3 expression without interfering with 3α-HSD4, which shares a highly homologous active site, the 5α-DHT concentration increased, whereas MCF7 cell growth was suppressed. The present study provides structural clues for 5α-DHT reverse binding within 3α-HSD3, and demonstrates for the first time that down-regulation of 3α-HSD3 decreases MCF7 breast cancer cell growth.
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Choi YH, Yu AM. ABC transporters in multidrug resistance and pharmacokinetics, and strategies for drug development. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 20:793-807. [PMID: 23688078 PMCID: PMC6341993 DOI: 10.2174/138161282005140214165212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious problem that hampers the success of cancer pharmacotherapy. A common mechanism is the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporters in cancer cells such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) that limit the exposure to anticancer drugs. One way to overcome MDR is to develop ABC efflux transporter inhibitors to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. The complete clinical trials thus far have showen that those tested chemosensitizers only add limited or no benefits to cancer patients. Some MDR modulators are merely toxic, and others induce unwanted drug-drug interactions. Actually, many ABC transporters are also expressed abundantly in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, brain and other normal tissues, and they largely determine drug absorption, distribution and excretion, and affect the overall pharmacokinetic properties of drugs in humans. In addition, ABC transporters such as P-gp, MRP1 and BCRP co-expressed in tumors show a broad and overlapped specificity for substrates and MDR modulators. Thus reliable preclinical assays and models are required for the assessment of transporter-mediated flux and potential effects on pharmacokinetics in drug development. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of ABC efflux transporters in MDR and pharmacokinetics. Preclinical assays for the assessment of drug transport and development of MDR modulators are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, 2700 Stockton Blvd., Suite 2132, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Mehta RR, Hawthorne M, Peng X, Shilkaitis A, Mehta RG, Beattie CW, Das Gupta TK. A 28-Amino-Acid Peptide Fragment of the Cupredoxin Azurin Prevents Carcinogen-Induced Mouse Mammary Lesions. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2010; 3:1351-60. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Finkbeiner MR, Astanehe A, To K, Fotovati A, Davies AH, Zhao Y, Jiang H, Stratford AL, Shadeo A, Boccaccio C, Comoglio P, Mertens PR, Eirew P, Raouf A, Eaves CJ, Dunn SE. Profiling YB-1 target genes uncovers a new mechanism for MET receptor regulation in normal and malignant human mammary cells. Oncogene 2009; 28:1421-31. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Lee WL, Chao HT, Cheng MH, Wang PH. Rationale for using raloxifene to prevent both osteoporosis and breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2008; 60:92-107. [PMID: 18534794 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2008.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2007] [Revised: 04/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Both osteoporosis with fracture and breast cancer are important health issues for postmenopausal women. It is well known that estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of both diseases. In past decades, hormone therapy (HT), mainly estrogen plus progestin (EPT), has been frequently used for the purpose of preventing and treating postmenopausal osteoporosis because of its efficacy, but it also contributes to a significant increase in breast cancer. Currently, there is a dilemma regarding the use of estrogen for postmenopausal women. Fortunately, an increasing understanding of the action of estrogen has led ultimately to the design of new drugs that work by virtue of their interaction with the ER; these drugs have come to be known as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), and are not only effective in preventing osteoporosis and managing those with osteoporosis, but also in decreasing the incidence of breast cancer. Among these SERMs, raloxifene may be the most attractive agent based on the evidence from five recent large trials (Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation [MORE], Continuing Outcomes Relevant to Evista [CORE], Raloxifene Use for the Heart [RUTH], Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene [STAR], and Evista Versus Alendronate [EVA]). The former three trials showed that raloxifene not only decreases the incidence of osteoporosis-associated fractures, but also has efficacy in breast cancer prevention. The head-to-head comparison with the anti-fracture agent alendronate (EVA trial) and the chemoprevention agent tamoxifen (STAR trial) further confirmed that raloxifene is a better choice. We concluded that since there is an absence of a therapeutic effect on relieving climacteric symptoms and there is the presence of a potential risk of thromboembolism in the use of raloxifene, this drug can be prescribed for clear indications, such as the management of osteoporosis, the prevention of fracture, and decreasing the incidence of invasive breast cancer, with careful monitoring for thromboembolism. It is reasonable to use raloxifene as an appropriate medicine that targets climacteric symptom-free postmenopausal women because of its overall favorable risk-benefit safety profile using the global index proposed by the Women's Health Initiation (WHI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ling Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Chen Hsin Rehabilitation Center-Taipei, Taiwan
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Adrenal cortex. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2008; 15:284-299. [PMID: 18438178 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e3283040e80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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The Role of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators on Breast Cancer: From Tamoxifen to Raloxifene. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 47:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/s1028-4559(08)60051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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