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Jansen P, Cosgarea I, Murali R, Möller I, Sucker A, Franklin C, Paschen A, Zaremba A, Brinker TJ, Stoffels I, Schadendorf D, Klode J, Hadaschik E, Griewank KG. Frequent Occurrence of NRAS and BRAF Mutations in Human Acral Naevi. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040546. [PMID: 30995742 PMCID: PMC6520878 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acral naevi are benign melanocytic tumors occurring at acral sites. Occasionally they can progress to become malignant tumors (melanomas). The genetics of acral naevi have not been assessed in larger studies. In our study, a large cohort of 130 acral naevi was screened for gene mutations known to be important in other naevi and melanoma subtypes by targeted next-generation sequencing. Mutation status was correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Frequent mutations in genes activating the MAP kinase pathway were identified, including n = 87 (67%) BRAF, n = 24 (18%) NRAS, and one (1%) MAP2K1 mutations. BRAF mutations were almost exclusively V600E (n = 86, 99%) and primarily found in junctional and compound naevi. NRAS mutations were either Q61K or Q61R and frequently identified in dermal naevi. Recurrent non-V600E BRAF, KIT, NF1, and TERT promoter mutations, present in acral melanoma, were not identified. Our study identifies BRAF and NRAS mutations as the primary pathogenic event in acral naevi, however, distributed differently to those in non-acral naevi. The mutational profile of acral naevi is distinct from acral melanoma, which may be of diagnostic value in distinguishing these entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jansen
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ioana Cosgarea
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Rajmohan Murali
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Inga Möller
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Antje Sucker
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Cindy Franklin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Annette Paschen
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Anne Zaremba
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Titus J Brinker
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ingo Stoffels
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Joachim Klode
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Eva Hadaschik
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Klaus G Griewank
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Dermatopathologie bei Mainz, Bahnhofstraße 2 b, 55268 Nieder-Olm, Germany.
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