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Sánchez Godoy L, Garzón Arana A, García Martínez E, Oviedo Ramírez MI. [Translated article] Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Osteoblastic Differentiation: A Case Report. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024; 115:T841-T843. [PMID: 38972588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Sánchez Godoy
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
| | - A Garzón Arana
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - E García Martínez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - M I Oviedo Ramírez
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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2
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Sánchez Godoy L, Garzón Arana A, García Martínez E, Oviedo Ramírez MI. Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Osteoblastic Differentiation: A Case Report. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024; 115:841-843. [PMID: 37244394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Sánchez Godoy
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España.
| | - A Garzón Arana
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España
| | - E García Martínez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España
| | - M I Oviedo Ramírez
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España
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Cazzato G, Colagrande A, Caputo V, Ingravallo G, Cascardi E, Fortarezza F, Bonoldi E, Rongioletti F. The Rarity in the Rarity: Presentation of Three Cases of Cutaneous Carcinosarcoma with Clinical and Histopathological Insights. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2024; 11:209-217. [PMID: 39051324 PMCID: PMC11270193 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology11030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A cutaneous carcinosarcoma (cCS) is a rare and aggressive skin cancer characterized by both carcinomatous (epithelial) and sarcomatous (mesenchymal) components, making it a biphasic tumor. Despite its occurrence in various organs, a cCS is exceptionally rare in the skin, predominantly affecting older males. The etiology of a cCS is unclear, but it may originate from a single progenitor cell capable of dual differentiation or from a collision of carcinoma and sarcoma cells. Clinically, a cCS presents as a rapidly growing, painful, ulcerated nodule or plaque on sun-exposed skin, with a high risk of local invasion and metastasis. Histopathologically, a cCS includes various epithelial components, such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, along with undifferentiated sarcomatous components resembling atypical fibroxanthoma. The tumor may also exhibit heterologous differentiation like angiosarcomatous or rhabdomyosarcomatous features. We present three cases of a cCS, highlighting their clinical and histological characteristics and comparing them with previously reported cases. Understanding a cCS is complicated by its rarity and diverse presentation, emphasizing the need for further research to elucidate its pathogenesis and optimal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.I.); (E.C.)
| | - Anna Colagrande
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.I.); (E.C.)
| | - Valentina Caputo
- U.O. Anatomia Patologica, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.I.); (E.C.)
| | - Eliano Cascardi
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.I.); (E.C.)
| | - Francesco Fortarezza
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University Hospital of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Bonoldi
- U.O. Anatomia Patologica, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.)
| | - Franco Rongioletti
- Dermatology Clinic, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy;
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Edmondson M, Lonie S, Moir D, Shukla L. Sarcomatoid transformation of a primary basal cell carcinoma of the cheek. ANZ J Surg 2022; 93:1113-1115. [PMID: 36385450 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Edmondson
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Faciomaxillary Surgery The Alfred Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Sarah Lonie
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Faciomaxillary Surgery The Alfred Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Diana Moir
- Department of Anatomical Pathology The Alfred Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Lipi Shukla
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Faciomaxillary Surgery The Alfred Melbourne Victoria Australia
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5
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Left Ear Nodule: Answer. Am J Dermatopathol 2021; 43:78-79. [PMID: 33337627 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin: A Comprehensive Literature Review, Including Advances in Molecular Therapeutics. Adv Anat Pathol 2020; 27:331-353. [PMID: 32618586 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is the most common type of malignant human tumor. In Europe, the incidence of BCC ranges from 44.6 to 128 cases per 100,000 inhabitants annually, whereas in the United States, the yearly incidence rate ranges between 500 and 1500. The global incidence has been calculated to be as high as 10 million cases of BCC per year. There are 2 main clinical patterns of BCC-the familial BCC in basal cell nevus syndrome and sporadic BCC. The etiology of cutaneous BCC is usually the result of the interaction between solar ultraviolet radiation and genetic factors. Somatic or germline mutations in the effector components of the hedgehog signaling pathway (ie, PTCH1, PTCH2, SMO or SUFU genes) are responsible for ∼90% of the cases of both sporadic and familial BCC, all causing a constitutive activation of the hedgehog pathway. Cutaneous BCC very rarely metastasizes, and diagnosis in metastatic sites can be very difficult. Metastatic BCC has weakly effective therapeutic options with a poor prognosis until few years ago. In 2012, small-molecule therapies, involving inactivation of the hedgehog signaling pathway, and capable of reducing tumor growth and progression have been introduced into clinical practice for advanced (locally advanced or metastatic) BCC. We performed a comprehensive literature review on metastatic BCC and found at least 915 cases reported to date. In addition, we extensively discussed the differential diagnosis of metastatic BCC, and outlined the advances in clinical therapeutics involving these small molecules.
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Bisceglia M, Panniello G, Nirchio V, Sanguedolce F, Centola M, Ben-Dor DJ. Metastatic Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma: Report of 2 Cases Preceding the Hedgehog Pathway Antagonists Era. Adv Anat Pathol 2020; 27:98-111. [PMID: 31895095 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is the most common type of malignant human tumor. However, metastatic BCC is a very rare event with weakly effective therapeutic options and a poor prognosis, until a few years ago. In 2012, small-molecule therapies, capable of inactivating the hedgehog signaling pathway and thus reducing tumor growth and progression, were introduced into clinical practice for the treatment of patients with advanced BCC. We present retrospectively 2 personal cases of metastatic BCC of the skin, from the premolecular therapy era, from primary tumors that arose years before in the head and neck area. The former case occurred in a 45-year-old woman with a history of recurrent BCC of the retroauricular skin who eventually died due to diffuse metastatic spread. The latter case concerned a 70-year-old man also with a history of recurrent BCC of the nasal-perinasal skin who developed multiple subcutaneous and lymph node metastases in the neck. In both cases, the diagnoses were based on biopsies of the metastatic sites. The first patient died 5 months after the diagnosis of metastatic disease, while the second was alive and disease-free 2 years after neck lymph node dissection and external radiation therapy, and then lost to follow-up. We extensively discuss several tumor entities with basal or basaloid features that may enter the differential diagnosis with BCC in metastatic sites. In addition, we briefly summarize the advances in clinical therapeutics using small molecules, which are now an integral part of the treatment of such advanced BCC cases.
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Emanuel PO, Desman G, Tallon B. Squamous cell carcinoma with enteric adenocarcinomatous differentiation. J Cutan Pathol 2017; 44:490-493. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick O. Emanuel
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
- Division of Dermatopathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York New York
| | - Garrett Desman
- Division of Dermatopathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York New York
| | - Ben Tallon
- Skin Dermatology Institute; Tauranga New Zealand
- Pathlab Bay of Plenty; Tauranga New Zealand
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High Relative Expression of Pannexin 3 (PANX3) in an Axillary Sweat Gland Carcinoma With Osteosarcomatous Transformation. Am J Dermatopathol 2016; 38:846-851. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000000583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Ghannem L, Debbi K, Kerdraon R, Michenet P, Lecointre C. [Bone in skin]. Ann Pathol 2016; 36:155-8. [PMID: 26996973 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lila Ghannem
- Service de pathologie, hôpital La Source, 14, avenue de l'Hôpital, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France.
| | - Kamel Debbi
- Service de pathologie, hôpital La Source, 14, avenue de l'Hôpital, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Rémy Kerdraon
- Service de pathologie, hôpital La Source, 14, avenue de l'Hôpital, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Patrick Michenet
- Service de pathologie, hôpital La Source, 14, avenue de l'Hôpital, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Claire Lecointre
- Service de pathologie, hôpital La Source, 14, avenue de l'Hôpital, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France
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Harms PW, Fullen DR, Patel RM, Chang D, Shalin SC, Ma L, Wood B, Beer TW, Siddiqui J, Carskadon S, Wang M, Palanisamy N, Fisher GJ, Andea A. Cutaneous basal cell carcinosarcomas: evidence of clonality and recurrent chromosomal losses. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:690-7. [PMID: 25704628 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous carcinosarcomas are heterogeneous group of tumors composed of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. Although mutation analyses have identified clonal changes between these morphologically disparate components in some subtypes of cutaneous carcinosarcoma, few cases have been analyzed thus far. To our knowledge, copy number variations (CNVs) and copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH) have not been investigated in cutaneous carcinosarcomas. We analyzed 4 carcinosarcomas with basal cell carcinoma and osteosarcomatous components for CNVs/CN-LOH by comparative genomic hybridization/single-nucleotide polymorphism array, TP53 hot spot mutations by polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing, and TP53 genomic rearrangements by fluorescence in situ hybridization. All tumors displayed multiple CNV/CN-LOH events (median, 7.5 per tumor). Three of 4 tumors displayed similar CNV/CN-LOH patterns between the epithelial and mesenchymal components within each tumor, supporting a common clonal origin. Recurrent changes included allelic loss at 9p21 (CDKN2A), 9q (PTCH1), and 17p (TP53). Allelic losses of chromosome 16 including CDH1 (E-cadherin) were present in 2 tumors and were restricted to the sarcomatous component. TP53 mutation analysis revealed an R248L mutation in both epithelial and mesenchymal components of 1 tumor. No TP53 rearrangements were identified. Our findings indicate that basal cell carcinosarcomas harbor CNV/CN-LOH changes similar to conventional basal cell carcinoma, with additional changes including recurrent 9p21 losses and a relatively high burden of copy number changes. In addition, most cutaneous carcinosarcomas show evidence of clonality between epithelial and mesenchymal components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W Harms
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109; Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109.
| | - Douglas R Fullen
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109; Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109
| | - Rajiv M Patel
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109; Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109
| | - Dannie Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109
| | - Sara C Shalin
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Linglei Ma
- Miraca Life Sciences, Glen Burnie, MD 21061
| | - Benjamin Wood
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Trevor W Beer
- CliniPath Pathology, Osborne Park, WA 6017, Australia
| | - Javed Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109
| | | | - Min Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109
| | - Nallasivam Palanisamy
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109; Department of Urology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202; King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 11362
| | - Gary J Fisher
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109
| | - Aleodor Andea
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109; Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor MI 48109
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An unusual infiltrative basal cell carcinoma with osteoclastic stromal changes mimicking carcinosarcoma: a case report. Am J Dermatopathol 2014; 37:26-30. [PMID: 24786580 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A 91-year-old man presented with an ulcerated nodule on his left lower eyelid. The tumor showed an epithelial component composed of basaloid and clear cells and a stroma that contained many osteoclastic giant cells. Strong, diffuse expression for cytokeratin 17 and p63 was noted in the epithelial component, whereas no staining was present in the sarcomatoid stroma, suggesting that the osteoclast-rich stromal component represented an unusual benign stromal reaction to the carcinoma rather than a manifestation of carcinosarcoma. Further supporting this interpretation was the absence of mitotic figures and low Ki-67 proliferation index (of approximately 1%) in the stromal cells. We herein reported a case of unusual infiltrative basal cell carcinoma, accompanied by a clear cell carcinomatous features and concurrent benign osteoclastic stromal changes.
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Elwood H, Gardner J, Galloway W, Shalin SC. A case of a giant sarcomatoid basal cell carcinoma with heterologous osteosarcomatous elements. J Cutan Pathol 2014; 41:550-1. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerad Gardner
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences; Department of Pathology; Little Rock AR USA
| | | | - Sara C. Shalin
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences; Department of Pathology; Little Rock AR USA
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