1
|
Keskinkaya Z, Işık Mermutlu S, Kaya Ö, Çakır H. Artificial nail modelling systems in healthcare workers: An emerging risk of contact sensitization to a well-known occupational allergen in an alternative way. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 91:38-44. [PMID: 38561321 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial nail modelling systems (ANMS) pose a significant risk for nail stylists and their clients regarding acrylate sensitization, which might jeopardize the use of acrylate-containing medical devices. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the frequency of artificial nail practices among female healthcare workers (HCWs) compared with controls and assess ANMS-related side effects. METHODS In this comparative, cross-sectional, single-centre study, a face-to-face interview with 200 female HCWs and 200 age-matched female dermatology patients (controls) was conducted regarding the use of ANMS between March and November 2023. RESULTS Among 400 participants (median age: 25), 85 (21.3%) have applied ANMS at least once. The prevalence of ANMS application was significantly higher in HCWs (n = 54/200, 27%) compared with controls (n = 31/200, 15.5%) (p < 0.05). Long-lasting nail polish was the most commonly preferred technique (n = 82/85, 96.5%). ANMS were mainly performed in nail studios by nail stylists (n = 79/85, 92.9%), while three participants were using home kits. Nail brittleness was the most frequently reported side effect (n = 19/85, 22.4%). No case of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) was detected. CONCLUSIONS The popularity of ANMS among young female HCWs is growing. This striking trend might further put these individuals not only at risk of medical device-related adverse events but also occupational ACD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Keskinkaya
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Selda Işık Mermutlu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Özge Kaya
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Haile Çakır
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vallon F, Bortolosso P, Lazzarato I, Larese Filon F. Acrylates and Methacrylates Sensitization in Patients with Orthopedic and Dental Prostheses: Asymptomatic Pre-Implant and Symptomatic Post-Implant Testing. Dermatitis 2024. [PMID: 38805305 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2023.0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Acrylates and methacrylates are widely used in dental and orthopedic prostheses, false nails, adhesives, glues, and paints, and are strong sensitizers. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of acrylate sensitization in patients before the application of dental or orthopedic prostheses or after the application in case of potentially related contact dermatitis. Methods: The subjects were tested according to haptens reported in safety data sheets, including methyl methacrylate (MMA) 5%, methyl acrylate (MA) 1%, ethyl methacrylate (EMA) 2%, ethyl acrylate (EA) 1%, butylacrylate 0.1%, 2 hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) 5%, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 2% (EGDMA), tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate 2% (TEGDMA), and dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate 0.2% (DAEMA). Multivariable logistic regression was used to study the factors associated with (meth)acrylate sensitization. Results: Six hundred sixty-five patients (75.4% of the total sample) without contact dermatitis before the placement of any dental or orthopedic prosthesis and 217 patients (24.6% of the total sample) with contact dermatitis potentially due to already placed prostheses were involved. In total, 37 cases of patch test positivity to at least 1 acrylate (4.2%) were found. In the pre-implant population, previous dermatitis and respiratory allergy were associated with increased sensitization to acrylates in multivariable regression analysis (odds ratio [OR] 2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-5.39; OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.32-6.64, respectively). The prevalence of sensitization was 3.5% for EGDMA, 2.7% for EA, 1.5% for 2-HEMA, 1.4% for both MA and MMA, 1.28% for DAEMA, and 0.8% for EMA. No statistically significant difference was found in the prevalence of sensitization between the pre- and post-implant groups. Discussion: Our study found a similar profile of sensitization in pre-implant and post-implant patients, suggesting the need to better study the specificity and sensitivity of patch tests to (meth)acrylate and to define relevance considering a detailed history of exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Vallon
- From the Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Bortolosso
- From the Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilaria Lazzarato
- From the Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lazzarini R, Masselli BB, Hafner MDFDS. Allergic contact dermatitis to toluene-sulfonamide-formaldehyde resin: still relevant? An Bras Dermatol 2024; 99:436-438. [PMID: 38383263 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Lazzarini
- Dermatology Clinic, Santa Casa de São Paulo, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Barravieira Masselli
- Dermatology Clinic, Santa Casa de São Paulo, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alajaji AN. Hair Product Allergy: A Review of Epidemiology and Management. Cureus 2024; 16:e58054. [PMID: 38738072 PMCID: PMC11088418 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergy to hair products is an increasingly common issue among people given the exposure to these products on a daily basis. Allergic reactions could be in the form of delayed-type contact dermatitis or the form of immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions. Hair products contain many ingredients and chemicals that patients may have allergies to, but common allergens are hair dyes, fragrances, persulfate salts, ammonium thioglycolate, coconut fatty acid derivatives, and acrylates. Allergy to hair dye is the most common followed by other allergens such as fragrances and persulfate salts. We discussed testing for hair dye allergy along with suggestions for alternative hair dyes that patients may use. Allergy to topical scalp medications is also seen in patients using those products. Allergy to topical minoxidil is seen more often due to the increased use of minoxidil sprays and foams among patients to increase hair growth. We will discuss in this review the diagnosis and alternatives for patients with minoxidil allergy. Hairdressers are at higher risk of allergy to hair products compared to the general population due to prolonged exposure to allergens and specific measures should be implemented to minimize the hazards of exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah N Alajaji
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guenther J, Norman T, Wee CP, Adler BL. A Survey of Skin Reactions Associated With Acrylic Nail Cosmetics, With a Focus on Home Kits: Is There a Need for Regulation? Dermatitis 2024; 35:49-54. [PMID: 37843914 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2023.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Sensitization to (meth)acrylates, the most common nail cosmetic allergens, is rising. In recent years, home acrylic nail kits have become easily available. Objective: To investigate the characteristics of individuals reporting skin reactions associated with acrylic nail cosmetics, particularly home kits. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of Facebook nail allergy support groups. Inclusion criteria were self-reported skin reactions associated with acrylic nails and age ≥18 years. Results: There were 199 respondents, nearly all female (99%), mostly white (83%), and 25-54 years old (83%). Seventy-eight percent reported using home acrylic kits, more than half for the first time during COVID-19. They predominantly learned about kits through social media (68%) and received training through websites/online videos (74%). Most home users (83%) first developed skin reactions after starting to use home kits. Compared with nonhome users, significantly more home users reported skin reaction onset within 1 year of use, as well as nail damage (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Among online nail allergy support group members, home acrylic nail kit use was common and associated with earlier development of skin reactions and more frequent nail damage than professional acrylic manicures. These findings raise important questions about the need to regulate home acrylic nail kits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Guenther
- From the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Thomas Norman
- From the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Choo Phei Wee
- Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Brandon L Adler
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Johnson W, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Cohen DE, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Peterson LA, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Methacrylate Ester Monomers. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:61S-73S. [PMID: 37794531 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231204572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed newly available studies since their original assessment in 2005, along with updated information regarding product types and concentrations of use, and confirmed that these 22 methacrylate ester monomers are safe as used in nail enhancement products in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report, when skin contact is avoided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilbur Johnson
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Groot AC, Rustemeyer T. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA): A clinical review of contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis-Part 1. Introduction, epidemiology, case series and case reports. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 89:401-433. [PMID: 37752620 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) has been increasingly recognised as a contact allergen and was added to the European baseline series in 2019. In this article (2 parts), the results of an extensive literature review of the clinical aspects of contact allergy/allergic contact dermatitis to HEMA are presented. In part 1, the epidemiology of HEMA contact allergy is discussed and detailed information on published case series and case reports presented. HEMA is an important cause of contact allergy/allergic contact dermatitis in North America and Europe with recent prevalences of >3% in the USA + Canada and 1.5%-3.7% in Europe. Currently, most cases are caused by nail cosmetics, both in consumers and professional nail stylists. In our literature review, we have found 24 studies presenting case series of patients with allergic contact dermatitis attributed to HEMA and 168 case reports. However, the presence of HEMA in the products causing ACD was established in only a minority. Part 2 will discuss cross- and co-sensitisation, and other skin reactions to HEMA, will assess whether HEMA is the most frequent (meth)acrylate allergen and how sensitive HEMA as a screening agent is, investigate the presence of HEMA in commercial products and provide practical information on patch testing procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Dermato-Allergology and Occupational Dermatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, AZ, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hwang JK, Waterton KA, Lipner SR. Remedy for split nail using silk wraps and gel resin. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 89:e197-e198. [PMID: 37169299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kelita A Waterton
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Shari R Lipner
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim HH, Lee GH, Pyo GJ, Kwon ES, Myung KB, Cheong SH. Nickel, cobalt, and chromium in nail sticker and tip products in Korea. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 88:389-394. [PMID: 36661377 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nail stickers and nail tips are increasingly used nail products in Korea, and the rest of the world. However, no studies have examined if these specific consumer products might contain nickel, cobalt, and/or chromium, that is, metals known to provoke contact allergy. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the release and content of nickel, cobalt, and chromium in nail stickers and tips by performing qualitative and quantitative analyses, respectively, of 50 convenience samples purchased in Korea. METHODS Eighty-six qualitative spot tests were performed to determine the release of nickel, cobalt, and chromium on 35 nail stickers and 15 nail tips across five brands. Subsequently, the metal contents were quantified using inductively coupled plasma-optical mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS According to the spot tests, nickel was released in 7/86 (8.1%) tests before and 10/86 (11.6%) tests after exposure to artificial sweat. Cobalt and chromium (VI) spot test results were negative. However, ICP-MS detected nickel, cobalt, and chromium in 11%, 6.3%, and 16.7% of the samples, respectively. Detection rates were higher in nail tips than in stickers and were most common in rhinestones. CONCLUSION Nail stickers and tips may contain nickel, cobalt, and/or chromium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Hee Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Myunggok Medical Research Center, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil Jae Pyo
- Department of Dermatology, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Kwon
- Department of Dermatology, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Bum Myung
- Department of Dermatology, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Cheong
- Department of Dermatology, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Myunggok Medical Research Center, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Symanzik C, Weinert P, Babić Ž, Hallmann S, Havmose MS, Johansen JD, Kezic S, Macan M, Macan J, Strahwald J, Turk R, van der Molen HF, John SM, Uter W. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ethyl cyanoacrylate contained in cosmetic glues among hairdressers and beauticians who perform nail treatments and eyelash extension as well as hair extension applications: a systematic review. Contact Dermatitis 2022; 86:480-492. [PMID: 35088905 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Current cosmetic regulations primarily focus on protecting consumers, not the professional user who is subjected to a partly different, and certainly more intense exposure to hazardous substances. Against this background, the present systematic review aims to compile and appraise evidence regarding skin toxicity of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA; CAS no. 212-782-2) and ethyl cyanoacrylate (ECA; CAS no. 7085-85-0) contained in cosmetic glues used among hairdressers and beauticians who perform nail treatments and eyelash extension as well as hair extension applications. This systematic review followed the PRISMA 2020 recommendations for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analysis. In total, 6 publications from 6 countries were eligible for this systematic review. Meta-analysis revealed that hairdressers and beauticians have a 9-fold increased risk of developing contact allergy to HEMA compared to controls who are not hairdressers and beauticians. Results for ECA are lacking. The present systematic review clearly shows that - regarding contact allergy to acrylates - it is not appropriate to apply risk assessment for consumers to hairdressers and beauticians who occupationally handle cosmetic glues. The regulations in existence do not adequately address occupational risks for hairdressers and beauticians connected with the use of acrylate-containing cosmetic substances and need reconsideration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cara Symanzik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Patricia Weinert
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Željka Babić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sarah Hallmann
- University of Erlangen, Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin S Havmose
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Skin and Allergy, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeanne D Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Skin and Allergy, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marija Macan
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelena Macan
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Julia Strahwald
- University of Erlangen, Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rajka Turk
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Henk F van der Molen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Swen M John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uter
- University of Erlangen, Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Many ingredients found within nail cosmetic products are capable of sensitizing patients’ immune systems and causing contact dermatitis (CD). These include but are not limited to tosylamide, (meth)acrylates, and formaldehyde. A clear temporal relationship between nail cosmetic procedures and an eczematous outbreak on the hands, face, or other ectopic body regions can be a key indicator of CD secondary to nail cosmetic exposure. Once an inciting allergen is identified through patch testing, elimination and avoidance becomes a mainstay of treatment alongside the use of emollients and topical anti-inflammatory therapies. Patients should be counselled to approach future nail cosmetic products and procedures with caution and careful attention to ingredients, regardless of whether or not it has a “hypoallergenic” label.
Collapse
|
12
|
Calado R, Gomes T, Matos A, Gonçalo M. Contact Dermatitis to Nail Cosmetics. CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13671-021-00345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
13
|
Nguyen J, Chen JK. Environmental Causes of Dermatitis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2021; 41:375-392. [PMID: 34225895 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Environmental, or exogenous, dermatitis is comprised of irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, which account for 80% and 20% of cases of contact dermatitis, respectively. Contact dermatitis is extremely common, and failure to diagnose this entity may result in overlooking a potentially curable driver of disease. In this review, we describe how clinical features, such as morphology or history, can assist in distinguishing exogenous from endogenous causes of dermatitis, and allergic from irritant contact dermatitis. Additionally, we provide an overview of common contact allergens and how dermatitis distribution can suggest possible culprit allergens. Patch testing is needed to confirm contact allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jannett Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Pavilion C, 2nd Floor, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Jennifer K Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Pavilion C, 2nd Floor, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
|