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Hohenwarter L, Puil E, Rouhollahi E, Bohrmann L, Lu S, Saatchi K, Häfeli UO, Barr A, Böttger R, Viswanadham KKD, Li SD. A Novel Leu-Enkephalin Prodrug Produces Pain-Relieving and Antidepressant Effects. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:688-703. [PMID: 38243899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Persistent pain is a significant healthcare problem with limited treatment options. The high incidence of comorbid chronic pain and depression significantly reduces life quality and complicates the treatment of both conditions. Antidepressants are less effective for pain and depression than for depression alone and they induce severe side effects. Opioids are highly efficacious analgesics, but rapid development of tolerance, dependence, and debilitating side effects limit their efficacy and safe use. Leucine-enkephalin (Leu-ENK), the endogenous delta opioid receptor agonist, controls pain and mood and produces potent analgesia with reduced adverse effects compared to conventional opioids. High proteolytic instability, however, makes Leu-ENK ineffective after systemic administration and limits its clinical usefulness. KK-103, a Leu-ENK prodrug, was developed to overcome these limitations of Leu-ENK via markedly increased plasma stability in mice. We showed rapid and substantially increased systemic adsorption and blood plasma exposure of KK-103 compared to Leu-ENK. We also observed brain uptake of radiolabeled KK-103 after systemic administration, indicating a central effect of KK-103. We then established KK-103's prolonged antinociceptive efficacy in the ramped hot plate and formalin test. In both models, KK-103 produced a comparable dose to the maximum antinociceptive-effect relationship. The pain-alleviating effect of KK-103 primarily resulted from activating the delta opioid receptor after the likely conversion of KK-103 to Leu-ENK in vivo. Finally, KK-103 produced an antidepressant-like activity comparable to the antidepressant desipramine, but with minimal gastrointestinal inhibition and no incidence of sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Hohenwarter
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ernest Puil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Elham Rouhollahi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lennart Bohrmann
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shawna Lu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Katayoun Saatchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Urs O Häfeli
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Alasdair Barr
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Roland Böttger
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - K K DurgaRao Viswanadham
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shyh-Dar Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Zagórska A, Partyka A, Jastrzębska-Więsek M, Czopek A, Fryc M, Siwek A, Głuch-Lutwin M, Mordyl B, Maślanka A, Jaromin A, Kurczab R. Synthesis, computational simulations and biological evaluation of new dual 5HT 1A/5HT 7 receptor ligands based on purine-2,6-dione scaffold. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106737. [PMID: 37482048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The new dual 5HT1A/5HT7 receptor ligands were designed based on the purine-2,6-dione scaffold with the fluorine atom. Twenty-one new derivatives were synthesized, and their structure-activity relationship was summarized. Compound 11 (7-(2-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-8-((4-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)amino)-1,3-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione) showed the highest affinity to 5HT1AR and 5HT7R, and was the most potent antagonist of 5-HT1AR (Kb = 0.26 ± 0.1 nM) which activity can be to reference compound NAN-190 (Kb = 0.26 ± 0.1 nM). The experimentally established physicochemical parameters of compound 11 showed that compound, as slightly ionized in the blood, could penetrate the blood-brain barrier. A molecular docking study showed that the fluorine substitution introduces additional stabilization effects on binding to 5HT1A/5HT7Rs. In animal assays of depression and anxiety, compound 11 revealed activity in terms of dosage compared to marketed psychotropics such as fluoxetine, citalopram, and sertraline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Zagórska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Anna Partyka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Anna Czopek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Fryc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Mordyl
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Maślanka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Jaromin
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, 14a Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał Kurczab
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
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Jaggar M, Ghosh S, Janakiraman B, Chatterjee A, Maheshwari M, Dewan V, Hare B, Deb S, Figueiredo D, Duman RS, Vaidya VA. Influence of Chronic Electroconvulsive Seizures on Plasticity-Associated Gene Expression and Perineuronal Nets Within the Hippocampi of Young Adult and Middle-Aged Sprague-Dawley Rats. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 26:294-306. [PMID: 36879414 PMCID: PMC10109107 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyad008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroconvulsive seizure therapy is often used in both treatment-resistant and geriatric depression. However, preclinical studies identifying targets of chronic electroconvulsive seizure (ECS) are predominantly focused on animal models in young adulthood. Given that putative transcriptional, neurogenic, and neuroplastic mechanisms implicated in the behavioral effects of chronic ECS themselves exhibit age-dependent modulation, it remains unknown whether the molecular and cellular targets of chronic ECS vary with age. METHODS We subjected young adult (2-3 months) and middle-aged (12-13 months), male Sprague Dawley rats to sham or chronic ECS and assessed for despair-like behavior, hippocampal gene expression, hippocampal neurogenesis, and neuroplastic changes in the extracellular matrix, reelin, and perineuronal net numbers. RESULTS Chronic ECS reduced despair-like behavior at both ages, accompanied by overlapping and unique changes in activity-dependent and trophic factor gene expression. Although chronic ECS had a similar impact on quiescent neural progenitor numbers at both ages, the eventual increase in hippocampal progenitor proliferation was substantially higher in young adulthood. We noted a decline in reelin⁺ cell numbers following chronic ECS only in young adulthood. In contrast, an age-invariant, robust dissolution of perineuronal net numbers that encapsulate parvalbumin⁺ neurons in the hippocampus were observed following chronic ECS. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that age is a key variable in determining the nature of chronic ECS-evoked molecular and cellular changes in the hippocampus. This raises the intriguing possibility that chronic ECS may recruit distinct, as well as overlapping, mechanisms to drive antidepressant-like behavioral changes in an age-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minal Jaggar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Shreya Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Balaganesh Janakiraman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashmita Chatterjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Megha Maheshwari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Vani Dewan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Brendan Hare
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sukrita Deb
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Dwight Figueiredo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Ronald S Duman
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Vidita A Vaidya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
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Ledesma-Corvi S, García-Fuster MJ. Revisiting the antidepressant-like effects of desipramine in male and female adult rats: sex disparities in neurochemical correlates. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:626-636. [PMID: 35653030 PMCID: PMC9349166 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00372-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The preclinical antidepressant-like characterization of desipramine relied almost exclusively in male rodents, with only a few contradictory reports done in females. Given that most experiments assessed a single dose and/or timepoint of analysis after-treatment, this study evaluated potential sex-differences in the length of the antidepressant-like response induced by different doses of desipramine as well as the molecular underpinnings driving the different responses by sex. Methods Male and female Sprague–Dawley rats were treated (i.p.) with 3 pulses of desipramine (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg) or vehicle (0.9% NaCl) within 24 h. The antidepressant-like effects were evaluated in the forced-swim test 1-h, 1- and 3-day post-treatment. The rate of cell proliferation and the regulation of key neuroplasticity markers (FADD, Cdk5, p35, p25) involved in antidepressant-like responses in the hippocampus were evaluated 1-h, 1-day and 5-day post-treatment. Results Desipramine induced similar antidepressant-like effects in male and female rats (effective doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg, with effects that lasted up to 1-day post-treatment), without altering the rate of cell proliferation. However, some sex-differences emerged when evaluating neuroplasticity markers in the hippocampus, while no changes were observed for female rats, desipramine regulated FADD, Cdk-5 and p25 in males in a way that suggested neuroprotective actions. Conclusions Our findings imply that while desipramine induced similar antidepressant-like responses for male and female rats, some differences emerged in the regulation of certain neuroplasticity markers, suggesting that distinctive molecular mechanisms might be participating in the therapeutic response of desipramine for both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ledesma-Corvi
- IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - M Julia García-Fuster
- IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain. .,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.
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Exploring pharmacological options for adolescent depression: a preclinical evaluation with a sex perspective. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:220. [PMID: 35650182 PMCID: PMC9160287 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01994-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for developing novel pharmacological treatment options for adolescent depression, and to ensure an optimal translational outcome to the clinic, sex should be included as a biological variable in preclinical studies. In this context, the present study compared the antidepressant-like potential of ketamine and cannabidiol, with the clinical standard fluoxetine, in adolescent rats exposed to maternal deprivation (as a model of early-life stress), while including a sex perspective. Moreover, changes in drug efficacy over time were evaluated by re-exposing rats to the same dose regimens during adulthood. Antidepressant-like responses were scored through a battery of distinctive tests (forced-swim, novelty-suppressed feeding, and sucrose preference) across time. The main results proved an antidepressant-like potential for ketamine and cannabidiol in adolescent rats, although their efficacy was dependent on sex and prior stress exposure, as well as on treatment length and the behavioral feature analyzed. In general, while all tested antidepressants in male rats improved certain affective-like features, female rats were mainly unresponsive to the treatments performed (except for certain benefits induced by ketamine), demonstrating the need for further characterizing proper treatments for this particular sex. Moreover, when rats were re-exposed in adulthood to the same drug regimens as in adolescence, a drop in efficacy was observed. These findings may have translational ramifications in that ketamine or cannabidiol could be moved forward as antidepressants for the adolescent depressed population, but not before further characterizing their potential long-term safety and/or beneficial vs. harmful effects for both sexes.
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Gutiérrez-García AG, Contreras CM. Putative Anti-Immobility Action of Acute Insulin Is Attributable to an Increase in Locomotor Activity in Healthy Wistar Rats. Neuropsychobiology 2022; 80:483-492. [PMID: 33827082 DOI: 10.1159/000515141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Anti-immobility actions of insulin in diabetic rats that are subjected to the forced swim test (FST) have been reported. In this test, low doses of antidepressants exert actions after long-term treatment, without affecting locomotor activity in healthy rats. Few studies have compared acute and chronic actions of insulin with antidepressants in healthy rats. METHODS We hypothesized that if insulin exerts a true anti-immobility action, then its effects must be comparable to fluoxetine in both a 1-day treatment regimen and a 21-day treatment regimen in healthy, gonadally intact female Wistar rats. RESULTS The results showed that low levels of glycemia were produced by all treatments, including fluoxetine, and glycemia was lower in proestrus-estrus than in diestrus-metestrus. None of the treatments or regimens produced actions on indicators of anxiety in the elevated plus maze. Insulin in the 1-day regimen increased the number of crossings and rearings in the open field test and caused a low cumulative immobility time in the FST. These actions disappeared in the 21-day regimen. Compared with the other treatments, fluoxetine treatment alone or combined with insulin produced a longer latency to the first period of immobility and a shorter immobility time in the chronic regimen in the FST, without affecting locomotor activity, and more pronounced actions were observed in proestrus-estrus (i.e., a true anti-immobility effect). CONCLUSION These results indicate that insulin does not produce a true antidepressant action in healthy rats. The purported antidepressant effects that were observed were instead attributable to an increase in locomotor activity only in the 1-day regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana G Gutiérrez-García
- Instituto de Neuroetología, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Carlos M Contreras
- Instituto de Neuroetología, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Periférica Xalapa, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Xalapa, Mexico
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Pannu A, Sharma PC, Thakur VK, Goyal RK. Emerging Role of Flavonoids as the Treatment of Depression. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121825. [PMID: 34944471 PMCID: PMC8698856 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most frequently observed psychological disorders, affecting thoughts, feelings, behavior and a sense of well-being in person. As per the WHO, it is projected to be the primitive cause of various other diseases by 2030. Clinically, depression is treated by various types of synthetic medicines that have several limitations such as side-effects, slow-onset action, poor remission and response rates due to complicated pathophysiology involved with depression. Further, clinically, patients cannot be given the treatment unless it affects adversely the job or family. In addition, synthetic drugs are usually single targeted drugs. Unlike synthetic medicaments, there are many plants that have flavonoids and producing action on multiple molecular targets and exhibit anti-depressant action by affecting multiple neuronal transmissions or pathways such as noradrenergic, serotonergic, GABAnergic and dopaminergic; inhibition of monoamine oxidase and tropomyosin receptor kinase B; simultaneous increase in nerve growth and brain-derived neurotrophic factors. Such herbal drugs with flavonoids are likely to be useful in patients with sub-clinical depression. This review is an attempt to analyze pre-clinical studies, structural activity relationship and characteristics of reported isolated flavonoids, which may be considered for clinical trials for the development of therapeutically useful antidepressant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzoo Pannu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi 110017, India;
| | - Prabodh Chander Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi 110017, India;
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, India
- Correspondence: (V.K.T.); (R.K.G.); Tel.: +91-9825719111 (V.K.T.)
| | - Ramesh K. Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi 110017, India;
- Correspondence: (V.K.T.); (R.K.G.); Tel.: +91-9825719111 (V.K.T.)
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Jiménez-Rubio G, Herrera-Pérez JJ, Martínez-Becerril HA, Márquez-Baltazar MS, Martínez-Mota L. Age-dependent effects of testosterone on spatial memory in male rats. Horm Behav 2020; 122:104748. [PMID: 32222529 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Decreased spatial memory is common in aging populations and reduces their quality of life. Although its role is still controversial, low testosterone (T) may contribute to impaired cognition in aged men. This study aimed to identify the role of T in age-related deficiencies in spatial memory among male rats. Young adult (3 months old) and aged (21 months old) Wistar rats were assigned to independent groups: intact, orchidectomized, or orchidectomized + subcutaneous pellets of T propionate. The phases of spatial memory acquisition (4 daily trials/4 days) and spatial memory retention (1 trial/day, 3 and 12 days after acquisition) were evaluated using the Barnes maze. Compared with young adults, aged intact rats took longer to find the goal, made more mistakes, and showed only slight improvements in goal sector exploration across the acquisition period. The young orchidectomized rats showed no improvement in performance over the days during the acquisition phase. T treatment in hormonally deprived old rats produced a small improvement in goal sector exploration and number of errors during the acquisition phase. Meanwhile, in young adults, this treatment improved the goal sector searching in the retention phase (12 days after acquisition training). Our results suggested that age-related spatial memory deficits cannot be entirely explained by the decline in T levels; however, this androgen produced subtle and mild beneficial effects on spatial memory in young and old males. Taken together, our findings suggest age differences in the role of T on spatial memory in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Jiménez-Rubio
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegación Tlalpan, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Jaime Herrera-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegación Tlalpan, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hilda Angélica Martínez-Becerril
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegación Tlalpan, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Martín Sergio Márquez-Baltazar
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegación Tlalpan, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Lucía Martínez-Mota
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegación Tlalpan, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Zhang T, Zhang W, Sun Y, Huo Q. [Fluoxetine enhances combined learning and memory abilities of mice by promoting neural cell functions in the barrel cortex]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:413-417. [PMID: 32376570 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.03.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the behavioral characteristics of memory maintenance and regression in a mouse model of combined learning and memory training with fluoxetine treatment and explore the neural basis for learning and memory in the barrel area of the brain. METHODS Twenty-six 16-day-old C57 mice were randomized into two equal groups and were given daily intraperitoneal injection of saline (control) or fluoxetine. The mice were subjected to stimulation of the right whiskers using a multi-sensory stimulation simulator and were given simultaneously olfactory stimulation with butyl acetate. In the initial 10 days of the experiment, the mice were given corresponding drug treatment followed by whisker and olfactory stimulations on a daily basis; from day 11 to day 17, only the drugs were administered without the stimulations; on day 18, both the drugs and stimulations were administered. The daily performance of the mice was recorded and analyzed. In the field potential experiment, the left barrel cortex of the mouse brain was selected to record the frequency of field potential signals in response to whisker stimulation. RESULTS In the behavioral test, the mice treated with fluoxetine showed greater increments of the frequency and angle of whisker deflection than the control mice (P < 0.01). Compared with the peak levels that occurred on the 10th day, the swing angle and frequency of the whisker deflection decreased on the 17th day decreased in both groups, and the reduction was more obvious in the control group (P < 0.05). During the training on the 18th day, the whisker movement of the mice increased rapidly to the peak level and showed significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). In the field potential experiment on the 10th and 17th day, the frequencies of field potential signal in response to whisker stimulation was significantly higher in fluoxetine group than in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Combined training of the mice results in the formation of combined memory. Fluoxetine can enhance combined learning and memory abilities and prolong such memories in mice by promoting the function of the barrel cortex cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tairan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Qiang Huo
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
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Holper L, Ben-Shachar D, Mann JJ. Psychotropic and neurological medication effects on mitochondrial complex I and IV in rodent models. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:986-1002. [PMID: 31320210 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I (NADH-dehydrogenase) and complex IV (cytochrome-c-oxidase) are reported to be affected by drugs used to treat psychiatric or neurodegenerative diseases, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, mood stabilizers, stimulants, antidementia, and antiparkinsonian drugs. We conducted meta-analyses examining the effects of each drug category on complex I and IV. The electronic databases Pubmed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar were searched for studies published between 1970 and 2018. Of 3105 screened studies, 68 articles covering 53 drugs were included in the meta-analyses. All studies assessed complex I and IV in rodent brain at the level of enzyme activity. Results revealed that selected antidepressants increase or decrease complex I and IV, antipsychotics and stimulants decrease complex I but increase complex IV, whereas anxiolytics, mood stabilizers, antidementia, and antiparkinsonian drugs preserve or even enhance both complex I and IV. Potential contributions to the drug effects were found to be related to the drugs' neurotransmitter receptor profiles with adrenergic (α1B), dopaminergic (D1/2), glutaminergic (NMDA1,3), histaminergic (H1), muscarinic (M1,3), opioid (OP1-3), serotonergic (5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, 5-HT3A) and sigma (σ1) receptors having the greatest effects. The findings are discussed in relation to pharmacological mechanisms of action that might have relevance for clinical and research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Holper
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - D Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - J J Mann
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
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Effects of Vitamin D 3 in Long-Term Ovariectomized Rats Subjected to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress: BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4 Implications. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081726. [PMID: 31357443 PMCID: PMC6723744 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the antidepressant-like effects of vitamin D3 at different doses (1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg sc) on a model of depression produced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 28 days in long-term (3 months) ovariectomized (OVX) adult rats. Sucrose preference (SPT), forced swimming (FST) and open-field (OFT) tests were conducted to examine the depression-like state. Serum corticosterone/adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) levels and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin (NT)-3/NT-4 expressions by ELISA kits and/or western blotting were determined to assess the possible mechanisms of the vitamin D3 effects on the depression-like profile in long-term OVX rats subjected to CUMS. The results showed that vitamin D3 (5.0 mg/kg), as well as fluoxetine treatment, considerably reversed the depression-like state in the SPT and FST, decreased serum corticosterone/ACTH levels, and increased BDNF and NT-3/NT-4 levels in the hippocampus of long-term OVX rats compared to OVX rats with CUMS (p < 0.05). Thus, a high dose of vitamin D3 (5.0 mg/kg sc) could improve the depression-like profile in long-term OVX adult female rats subjected to the CUMS procedure, which might be mediated by the regulation of BDNF and the NT-3/NT-4 signaling pathways in the hippocampus, as well as the corticosterone/ACTH levels of the blood serum.
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Estrada-Reyes R, Dorantes-Barrón AM, Arrieta-Báez D, Gómez-Patiño MB, Bernal-Trujillo A, Castro-García M, Carro-Juárez M, Martínez-Mota L. Piper auritum Kunth (Piperaceae) improves the sexual performance of sluggish male rats through enhancing ejaculation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 231:453-463. [PMID: 30545804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Piper auritum Kunth is employed as an aphrodisiac in the traditional medicine, but corroborative evidence for such effect is scarce. AIM OF THE STUDY The pro-sexual effect of an aqueous extract of P. auritum and its possible mechanisms were analyzed in two paradigms of male sexual function. MATERIAL AND METHODS Effects of an aqueous extract of P. auritum (PA, single administration) were investigated in the fictive ejaculation, and copulatory behavior paradigms in sexually sluggish male rats. WAY 100635 (antagonist of 5-HT1A receptors), atosiban (antagonist of oxytocinergic receptors), L-NAME (inhibitor of the nitric oxide synthase) and baclofen (antagonist of GABAB receptors) were used as pre-treatments in order to investigate the role of different neurotransmitter systems in PA actions. Chemical profile of PA was determined by Gases Chromatography and Ultra Performance Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Masses Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS). RESULTS In males with retarded ejaculation, PA stimulated ejaculatory behavior and recovered electromyographic activity of pelvic musculature participating in seminal emission and ejaculation. All pre-treatments blocked stimulating effects of PA on the fictive ejaculation; additionally WAY 100635 interfered with PA actions on ejaculatory behavior. Safrol, apigenin dimethylether, myristicin, vaccihein A, sakuranin and sakuranetin flavonoids, were main constituents of PA, with possible participation in its pro-sexual effects. CONCLUSIONS Pro-sexual effects of P. auritum elicited at level of ejaculation were mediated by several neurotransmitter systems, among which serotonin and its 5-HT1A receptors play an important role. Present findings support P. auritum reputation as an aphrodisiac, with potential use in delayed ejaculation disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Estrada-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Fitofarmacología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana María Dorantes-Barrón
- Laboratorio de Fitofarmacología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Daniel Arrieta-Báez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional CNMN, Luis Enrique Erro s/n, Unidad Prof. Adolfo López Mateos, Gustavo A. Madero, 07738 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mayra Beatriz Gómez-Patiño
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional CNMN, Luis Enrique Erro s/n, Unidad Prof. Adolfo López Mateos, Gustavo A. Madero, 07738 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Andrea Bernal-Trujillo
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mario Castro-García
- Departamento of Etología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Miguel Carro-Juárez
- Laboratorio de Comportamiento Reproductivo, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, 90000 Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Lucía Martínez-Mota
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Repeated forced-swimming test in intact female rats: behaviour, oestrous cycle and enriched environment. Behav Pharmacol 2018; 29:509-518. [PMID: 29595539 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Psychopharmacology used animal models to study the effects of drugs on brain and behaviour. The repeated forced-swimming test (rFST), which is used to assess the gradual effects of antidepressants on rat behaviour, was standardized only in males. Because of the known sex differences in rats, experimental conditions standardized for males may not apply to female rats. Therefore, the present work aimed to standardize experimental and housing conditions for the rFST in female rats. Young or adult Wistar female rats were housed in standard or enriched environments for different experimental periods. As assessed in tested and nontested females, all rats had reached sexual maturity by the time behavioural testing occurred. The rFST consisted of a 15-min session of forced swimming (pretest), followed by 5-min sessions at 1 (test), 7 (retest 1) and 14 days (retest 2) later. The oestrous cycle was registered immediately before every behavioural session. All sessions were videotaped for further analysis. The immobility time of female rats remained similar over the different sessions of rFST independent of the age, the phase of the oestrous cycle or the housing conditions. These data indicate that rFST in female Wistar rats may be reproducible in different experimental conditions.
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German-Ponciano LJ, Rosas-Sánchez GU, Rivadeneyra-Domínguez E, Rodríguez-Landa JF. Advances in the Preclinical Study of Some Flavonoids as Potential Antidepressant Agents. SCIENTIFICA 2018; 2018:2963565. [PMID: 29623232 PMCID: PMC5829422 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2963565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are phenolic compounds found commonly in plants that protect them against the negative effects of environmental insults. These secondary metabolites have been widely studied in preclinical research because of their biological effects, particularly as antioxidant agents. Diverse flavonoids have been studied to explore their potential therapeutic effects in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system, including anxiety and depression. The present review discusses advances in the study of some flavonoids as potential antidepressant agents. We describe their behavioral, physiological, and neurochemical effects and the apparent mechanism of action of their preclinical antidepressant-like effects. Natural flavonoids produce antidepressant-like effects in validated behavioral models of depression. The mechanism of action of these effects includes the activation of serotonergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and γ-aminobutyric acid-ergic neurotransmitter systems and an increase in the production of neural factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor. Additionally, alterations in the function of tropomyosin receptor kinase B and activity of the enzyme monoamine oxidase A have been reported. In conclusion, preclinical research supports the potential antidepressant effects of some natural flavonoids, which opens new possibilities of evaluating these substances to develop complementary therapeutic alternatives that could ameliorate symptoms of depressive disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- León Jesús German-Ponciano
- Programa de Doctorado en Neuroetología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Uriel Rosas-Sánchez
- Programa de Doctorado en Neuroetología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa
- Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, VER, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, VER, Mexico
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Duda W, Kubera M, Kreiner G, Curzytek K, Detka J, Głombik K, Ślusarczyk J, Basta-Kaim A, Budziszewska B, Lasoń W, Regulska M, Leśkiewicz M, Roman A, Zelek-Molik A, Nalepa I. Suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and lack of anti-depressant-like effect of fluoxetine in lipopolysaccharide-treated old female mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 48:35-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Head shaking in the forced swim test: A robust but unexplored sex difference. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 152:90-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Fernández-Guasti A, Olivares-Nazario M, Reyes R, Martínez-Mota L. Sex and age differences in the antidepressant-like effect of fluoxetine in the forced swim test. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 152:81-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Vega Rivera NM, Gallardo Tenorio A, Fernández-Guasti A, Estrada Camarena E. The Post-Ovariectomy Interval Affects the Antidepressant-Like Action of Citalopram Combined with Ethynyl-Estradiol in the Forced Swim Test in Middle Aged Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9020021. [PMID: 27153072 PMCID: PMC4932539 DOI: 10.3390/ph9020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of a combined therapy with low doses of estrogens plus antidepressants to treat depression associated to perimenopause could be advantageous. However the use of these combinations is controversial due to several factors, including the time of intervention in relation to menopause onset. This paper analyzes whether time post-OVX influences the antidepressant-like action of a combination of ethynyl-estradiol (EE2) and citalopram (CIT) in the forced swim test (FST). Middle-aged (15 months old) female Wistar rats were ovariectomized and after one or three weeks treated with EE2 (1.25, 2.5 or 5.0 µg/rat, s.c.; −48 h) or CIT (1.25, 2.5, 5.0 or 10 mg/kg, i.p./3 injections in 24 h) and tested in the FST. In a second experiment, after one or three weeks of OVX, rats received a combination of an ineffective dose of EE2 (1.25 µg/rat, s.c., −48 h) plus CIT (2.5 mg/kg, i.p./3 injections in 24 h) and subjected to the FST. Finally, the uteri were removed and weighted to obtain an index of the peripheral effects of EE2 administration. EE2 (2.5 or 5.0 µg/rat) reduced immobility after one but not three weeks of OVX. In contrast, no CIT dose reduced immobility at one or three weeks after OVX. When EE2 (1.25 µg/rat) was combined with CIT (2.5 mg/kg) an antidepressant-like effect was observed at one but not three weeks post-OVX. The weight of the uteri augmented when EE2 was administrated three weeks after OVX. The data suggest that the time post-OVX is a crucial factor that contributes to observe the antidepressant-like effect of EE2 alone or in combination with CIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly M Vega Rivera
- Neuropsicofarmacología, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", INPRFM, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col San Lorenzo Huipulco 14370, Mexico.
| | - Alfredo Gallardo Tenorio
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados-Sede Sur. IPN, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Col Granjas Coapa 14330, Mexico.
| | - Alonso Fernández-Guasti
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados-Sede Sur. IPN, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Col Granjas Coapa 14330, Mexico.
| | - Erika Estrada Camarena
- Neuropsicofarmacología, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", INPRFM, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col San Lorenzo Huipulco 14370, Mexico.
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