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Chai L. Exploring the Impact of Length of Residence and Food Insecurity on Weight Status Among Canadian Immigrants. Am J Health Promot 2024:8901171241246842. [PMID: 38621955 DOI: 10.1177/08901171241246842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE While the individual impacts of long-term residence and food insecurity on overweight/obesity are well-documented, their combined effect on immigrants' weight status is less understood. This study examines the interaction between length of residence and food insecurity in predicting overweight/obesity among immigrants and investigates whether this relationship is gender-specific. DESIGN A national cross-sectional survey. SETTING The 2017-2018 Canadian Community Health Survey. SUBJECTS Immigrants aged 18 and older (N = 13 680). MEASURES All focal variables were self-reported. ANALYSIS Logistic regression models were employed. RESULTS Long-term immigrants were more likely to report overweight/obesity than their short-term counterparts (OR = 1.39; P < .001). Moreover, immigrants from food-insecure households were at a higher risk of reporting overweight/obesity (OR = 1.27; P < .05) compared to those from food-secure households. The analysis further revealed that food insecurity exacerbated the detrimental association between length of residence and overweight/obesity in men (OR = 2.63; P < .01) but not in women (OR = .66; P > .05). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that long-term immigrant men may be especially susceptible to the compounded chronic stressors of extended residence and food insecurity. Health professionals and policymakers should advocate for psychosocial resources to help mitigate these adverse effects and support the well-being of immigrant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chai
- Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, USA
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Rivera FB, Cha SW, Ansay MFM, Taliño MKV, Flores GP, Nguyen RT, Bonuel N, Happy Araneta MR, Volgman AS, Shah N, Vahidy F, Cainzos-Achirica M. Cardiovascular disease in Filipino American men and women: A 2023 update. Am Heart J 2023; 266:1-13. [PMID: 37544493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
With more than 4.2 million people, Filipino Americans are the third largest Asian group in the US and the largest Southeast Asian group in the country. Despite relatively favorable average socioeconomic indicators compared to the general US population, Filipino Americans face a significant burden of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, particularly among men. Moreover, Filipino Americans have high rates of cardiovascular death, often occurring at a younger age compared to other minority groups and Non-Hispanic White adults. In view of these trends, in 2010 the American Heart Association designated Filipino Americans as a high cardiovascular risk group. Despite this, in 2023, Filipino Americans remain underrepresented in landmark cardiovascular cohort studies and are often over looked as a group at increased cardiovascular risk. In this updated narrative review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the burden of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases experienced by the Filipino American population. Our aim is to inform enhanced clinical, population, and policy-level prevention interventions and boost research in this space.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ryan T Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | - Nilay Shah
- Blum Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Farhaan Vahidy
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX
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Sabado-Liwag MD, Manalo-Pedro E, Taggueg R, Bacong AM, Adia A, Demanarig D, Sumibcay JR, Valderama-Wallace C, Oronce CIA, Bonus R, Ponce NA. Addressing The Interlocking Impact Of Colonialism And Racism On Filipinx/a/o American Health Inequities. Health Aff (Millwood) 2022; 41:289-295. [PMID: 35130069 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2021.01418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Within the monolithic racial category of "Asian American," health determinants are often hidden within each subgroup's complex histories of indigeneity, colonialism, migration, culture, and socio-political systems. Although racism is typically framed to underscore the ways in which various institutions (for example, employment and education) disproportionately disadvantage Black/Latinx communities over White people, what does structural racism look like among Filipinx/a/o Americans (FilAms), the third-largest Asian American group in the US? We argue that racism defines who is visible. We discuss pathways through which colonialism and racism preserve inequities for FilAms, a large and overlooked Asian American subgroup. We bring to light historical and modern practices inhibiting progress toward dismantling systemic racial barriers that impinge on FilAm health. We encourage multilevel strategies that focus on and invest in FilAms, such as robust accounting of demographic data in heterogeneous populations, explicitly naming neocolonial forces that devalue and neglect FilAms, and structurally supporting community approaches to promote better self- and community care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie D Sabado-Liwag
- Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag , California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erin Manalo-Pedro
- Erin Manalo-Pedro, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| | - Roy Taggueg
- Roy Taggueg Jr., University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | | | - Alexander Adia
- Alexander Adia, Filipinx/a/o Community Health Association, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | | | - Carlos Irwin A Oronce
- Carlos Irwin A. Oronce, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System and UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rick Bonus
- Rick Bonus, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Horlyck-Romanovsky MF, Haley SJ. Increasing obesity odds among foreign-born New Yorkers are not explained by eating out, age at arrival, or duration of residence: results from NYC HANES 2004 and 2013/2014. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1453. [PMID: 34304740 PMCID: PMC8311945 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11351-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the foreign-born in the United States (US) dietary acculturation and eating out may increase obesity risk. Using the 2004 (N = 1952) and 2013/14 (N = 1481) New York City (NYC) Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, we compared for the foreign-born and US-born by survey year: 1) odds of obesity; 2) association between eating out and obesity and 3) effect of age at arrival and duration of residence among the foreign-born. Weighted logistic regression estimated odds of obesity. RESULTS Compared to the US-born, the foreign-born had lower odds of obesity in 2004, (aOR = 0.51 (95%CI 0.37-0.70), P = <.0001). Odds were no different in 2013/14. In 2013/14 the foreign-born who ate out had lower obesity odds (aOR = 0.49 (95%CI 0.31-0.77), P = 0.0022). The foreign-born living in the US≥10 years had greater odds of obesity in 2004 (aOR = 1.73 (95%CI 1.08-2.79), P = 0.0233) but not in 2013/14. CONCLUSIONS Eating out does not explain increasing obesity odds among the foreign-born.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margrethe F Horlyck-Romanovsky
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
| | - Sean J Haley
- Department of Health Policy and Management, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, 55 West 125th Street, New York, NY, USA
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Amiri S. Obesity and overweight prevalence in immigration: A meta-analysis. OBESITY MEDICINE 2021; 22:100321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2021.100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
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Colorectal Cancer-Related Knowledge, Acculturation, and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Among Low-Income Vietnamese Americans in the Greater Philadelphia Metropolitan Area. J Community Health 2020; 45:1178-1186. [PMID: 33026553 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-020-00931-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second and fourth most common cancer in Vietnamese American women and men, respectively. Recent research has highlighted the importance of modifiable lifestyle behaviors such as smoking, alcohol use, dietary behaviors, and physical activities in CRC prevention for the general population. However, it is not well understood how well Vietnamese Americans knew about CRC prevention and risk factors, and whether there were any disparities in knowledge within this vulnerable population. This study examined whether comprehensive measures of acculturation and knowledge of CRC risk are associated with different health behaviors, specifically physical activity, protective dietary behaviors, and risky dietary behaviors in Vietnamese Americans. We recruited 374 Vietnamese Americans aged 50 or above from community-based organizations in the Vietnamese American communities in the greater Philadelphia metropolitan area. Through a cross-sectional survey, we collected data on their knowledge of CRC prevention and risk factors, acculturation-related factors, and sociodemographic characteristics. We found limited knowledge of CRC prevention and risk factors, and suboptimal physical activity and healthy dietary behaviors in the Vietnamese Americans. We also found that higher levels of knowledge about CRC and risk factors were associated with less unhealthy diets but not with more protective diets or physical activity. Acculturation was not significantly associated with overall dietary behaviors in our study. Our findings addressed gaps in current literature concerning the impact of knowledge about CRC risk factors and acculturation on different dimensions of dietary behaviors as well as physical activity. Research and practical implications were discussed.
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Alkaid Albqoor M, Chen JL, Weiss S, Waters C, Choi J. Self-rated health of Middle Eastern immigrants in the US: a national study. Public Health 2019; 180:64-73. [PMID: 31855621 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to examine self-rated health (SRH) of Middle Eastern immigrants in the US compared with US-born non-Hispanic whites and to examine factors associated with fair/poor SRH among Middle Eastern immigrants in the US. STUDY DESIGN We used a cross-sectional design to analyze the National Health Interview Survey from 2001 to 2015. METHODS Secondary survey analysis procedures were conducted using the SAS program, with a total of 3,966 Middle Eastern and 731,285 US-born non-Hispanic whites. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were used. RESULTS Middle Eastern immigrants had significantly higher rates of fair/poor SRH than US-born whites across the three survey waves. Reporting symptoms of serious psychological distress, older age (60+ years), current alcohol-drinking status, and having a family member with disability were the factors associated significantly with higher odds of reporting fair/poor SRH in Middle Eastern immigrants, whereas education was a protecting factor of fair/poor SRH. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that Middle Eastern immigrants are one of the US immigrant populations that report poor health status, which reveals the need for health policy attention to reduce health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J L Chen
- University of California San Francisco, Family Health Care Nursing, USA.
| | - S Weiss
- University of California San Francisco, Community Health Systems, USA.
| | - C Waters
- University of California San Francisco, Community Health Systems, USA.
| | - J Choi
- University of California San Francisco, Institute for Health Aging, USA.
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Katare B, Chakrovorty S. Association between environmental factors and BMI: evidence from recent immigrants from developing countries. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2019; 38:15. [PMID: 31277719 PMCID: PMC6612128 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-019-0174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the association between the surrounding local environmental factors and the body mass index of immigrants in the USA. METHODS We use the New Immigrant Survey, to study the association of obesity prevalence in a region on body mass index. We consider local obesity rate as an outcome of the local environmental factors. Using ordinary least squares, three versions of equations are estimated to quantify the contribution of individual-level, acculturation, and environmental effects on immigrants' body mass index. RESULTS We find statistically significant results for the correlation of local obesity rate and body mass index. For every 1% increase in the obesity rate, the body mass index levels increase by 0.182 kg/m2. Evidence also suggests dietary assimilation in immigrants is influenced by local environmental factors and that dietary change affects body mass index of female immigrants. CONCLUSIONS Immigrants' body mass index increase with the increase in the local obesity rate of the region where they reside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashree Katare
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, 640 Krannert Building, 403 W State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
| | - Sanchita Chakrovorty
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, 631 Krannert Building, 403 W State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
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Ghimire S, Cheong P, Sagadraca L, Chien LC, Sy FS. A Health Needs Assessment of the Filipino American Community in the Greater Las Vegas Area. Health Equity 2018; 2:334-348. [PMID: 30506015 PMCID: PMC6263856 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2018.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The number of Filipino Americans in Las Vegas, Nevada, is growing considerably, but no research to date has assessed the specific health needs of this burgeoning population. Thus, this study aims to assess health behaviors, perceived community health problems, and self-reported diseases/conditions among Filipino Americans in the Greater Las Vegas area and evaluate any difference by gender. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 Filipino American adults residing in the Greater Las Vegas area using a prevalidated instrument. Results: The self-reported prevalence of hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes was 48%, 46%, and 25%, respectively. Adverse health behaviors, in terms of insufficient exercise and diets lacking in fruits and vegetables, were noted among our participants. Approximately 67% of participants reported exercising less than the recommended 150 min of physical activity per week and <3% of the study population ate the recommended five servings of fruits and vegetables a day. On the contrary, consumption of sweet snacks and salty condiments was high. More than two-thirds of respondents indicated that the Filipino American community should address the identified health conditions. Conclusions: The high self-reported prevalence of hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes demonstrates a pressing public health problem among Filipino Americans in Las Vegas. Given that our study population comprised predominantly college-educated, middle-income, and insured individuals, the findings may be underestimated and thus the actual disease prevalence may be even higher. Results of this survey will be used to develop future interventions for the Filipino American community in Las Vegas using the principles of community-based participatory research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saruna Ghimire
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Prescott Cheong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Lawrence Sagadraca
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Lung-Chang Chien
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Francisco S Sy
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, Nevada
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Acculturative stress in Korean Americans. Appl Nurs Res 2017; 38:70-75. [PMID: 29241523 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acculturative stress is known to contribute to chronic diseases among many immigrants and yet this association in Korean Americans remains unclear. AIM The study purpose was to examine the level of acculturative stress in Korean Americans and to determine if correlations existed with personal and physiological factors. METHODS An exploratory, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in a sample of 107 Korean American adults. Data on acculturative stress and personal factors were collected using a survey questionnaire in addition to a direct measure of physiological factors (i.e., body mass index and blood pressure). RESULTS All 107 participants were first-generation Koreans. Most participants were women (66.4%), with a mean age of 53.9±10.7, married (88.8%), and with a college education (84.2%). Acculturative stress was associated with a number of personal factors (i.e., arrival age, years of U.S education, years of U.S. residency, English proficiency), and the personal factors of gender, age, employment status, and years of U.S. residency were associated with the physiological factors. No statistically significant associations were found between acculturative stress and physiological factors. CONCLUSIONS The mean acculturative stress score in this study was higher than findings from prior studies of Korean immigrants in the United States or Canada, with the rates of obesity and hypertension higher than prior reports of Korean Americans or Koreans residing in Korea. Future study is necessary with a larger sample from a variety of different geographic areas of the United States to examine further the impact of acculturative stress on physiological factors during the process of acculturation.
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Alidu L, Grunfeld EA. A systematic review of acculturation, obesity and health behaviours among migrants to high-income countries. Psychol Health 2017; 33:724-745. [PMID: 29172700 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2017.1398327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective There is extensive evidence for weight gain among people migrating from low/middle-income to high-income countries, which may be due, in part, to acculturation factors. This review aimed to identify associations between acculturation and body weight among immigrants to high-income countries and identify if studies accounted for the role played by health behaviours. Methods A systematic literature search using keywords was performed with three databases (Medline, PsychINFO and EMBASE). The 35 studies were included that utilised quantitative methodology and presented empirical findings focused on acculturation and body weight among adult immigrants. Findings There was evidence presented across multiple studies for an association between acculturation (measured with standard measures or as duration of stay) and obesity. Most studies were cross sectional, which did not allow the exploration of drivers of change in health behaviours and weight gain. Conclusion This is the first review to examine associations between acculturation and body weight among migrants utilising both acculturation scales and proxy measures of acculturation and to examine the role of health behaviours. Evidence from this review suggests that health interventions should target first generation migrants to promote retention of their original healthy behaviours. Recent migrant groups report healthier behaviours than comparative host country populations, and therefore interventions should be promoted at the initial stages following migration to avoid uptake of unhealthy behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alidu
- a School of Psychology , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - E A Grunfeld
- b Department of Psychological Sciences , University of London, Birkbeck College , London , UK
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