1
|
Tsingotjidou AS. Oxytocin: A Multi-Functional Biomolecule with Potential Actions in Dysfunctional Conditions; From Animal Studies and Beyond. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1603. [PMID: 36358953 PMCID: PMC9687803 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a hormone secreted from definite neuroendocrine neurons located in specific nuclei in the hypothalamus (mainly from paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei), and its main known function is the contraction of uterine and/or mammary gland cells responsible for parturition and breastfeeding. Among the actions of the peripherally secreted oxytocin is the prevention of different degenerative disorders. These actions have been proven in cell culture and in animal models or have been tested in humans based on hypotheses from previous studies. This review presents the knowledge gained from the previous studies, displays the results from oxytocin intervention and/or treatment and proposes that the well described actions of oxytocin might be connected to other numerous, diverse actions of the biomolecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S Tsingotjidou
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
McCook O, Denoix N, Radermacher P, Waller C, Merz T. H 2S and Oxytocin Systems in Early Life Stress and Cardiovascular Disease. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10163484. [PMID: 34441780 PMCID: PMC8397059 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Today it is well established that early life stress leads to cardiovascular programming that manifests in cardiovascular disease, but the mechanisms by which this occurs, are not fully understood. This perspective review examines the relevant literature that implicates the dysregulation of the gasomediator hydrogen sulfide and the neuroendocrine oxytocin systems in heart disease and their putative mechanistic role in the early life stress developmental origins of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, interesting hints towards the mutual interaction of the hydrogen sulfide and OT systems are identified, especially with regards to the connection between the central nervous and the cardiovascular system, which support the role of the vagus nerve as a communication link between the brain and the heart in stress-mediated cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar McCook
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.D.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-731-500-60185; Fax: +49-731-500-60162
| | - Nicole Denoix
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.D.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.D.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Christiane Waller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Nuremberg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 90471 Nuremberg, Germany;
| | - Tamara Merz
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.D.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jankowski M, Broderick TL, Gutkowska J. The Role of Oxytocin in Cardiovascular Protection. Front Psychol 2020; 11:2139. [PMID: 32982875 PMCID: PMC7477297 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of oxytocin on infarct size and functional recovery of the ischemic reperfused heart are well documented. The mechanisms for this cardioprotection are not well defined. Evidence indicates that oxytocin treatment improves cardiac work, reduces apoptosis and inflammation, and increases scar vascularization. Oxytocin-mediated cytoprotection involves the production of cGMP stimulated by local release of atrial natriuretic peptide and synthesis of nitric oxide. Treatment with oxytocin reduces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and reduces immune cell infiltration. Oxytocin also stimulates differentiation stem cells to cardiomyocyte lineages as well as generation of endothelial and smooth muscle cells, promoting angiogenesis. The beneficial actions of oxytocin may include the increase in glucose uptake by cardiomyocytes, reduction in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, decrease in oxidative stress, and mitochondrial protection of several cell types. In cardiac and cellular models of ischemia and reperfusion, acute administration of oxytocin at the onset of reperfusion enhances cardiomyocyte viability and function by activating Pi3K and Akt phosphorylation and downstream cellular signaling. Reperfusion injury salvage kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins cardioprotective pathways are involved. Oxytocin is cardioprotective by reducing the inflammatory response and improving cardiovascular and metabolic function. Because of its pleiotropic nature, this peptide demonstrates a clear potential for the treatment of cardiovascular pathologies. In this review, we discuss the possible cellular mechanisms of action of oxytocin involved in cardioprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Jankowski
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Montreal Hospital Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tom L Broderick
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, Department of Physiology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Jolanta Gutkowska
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Montreal Hospital Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Denoix N, McCook O, Ecker S, Wang R, Waller C, Radermacher P, Merz T. The Interaction of the Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide and Oxytocin Systems in Fluid Regulation and the Cardiovascular System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E748. [PMID: 32823845 PMCID: PMC7465147 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to explore the parallel roles and interaction of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and oxytocin (OT) in cardiovascular regulation and fluid homeostasis. Their interaction has been recently reported to be relevant during physical and psychological trauma. However, literature reports on H2S in physical trauma and OT in psychological trauma are abundant, whereas available information regarding H2S in psychological trauma and OT in physical trauma is much more limited. This review summarizes recent direct and indirect evidence of the interaction of the two systems and their convergence in downstream nitric oxide-dependent signaling pathways during various types of trauma, in an effort to better understand biological correlates of psychosomatic interdependencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Denoix
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.E.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Oscar McCook
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.E.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Sarah Ecker
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.E.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Rui Wang
- Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
| | - Christiane Waller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Nuremberg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany;
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.E.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Tamara Merz
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.E.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oxytocin ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury by inhibiting mast cell degranulation and inflammation in the rat heart. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110358. [PMID: 32526456 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxytocin (OT) has shown a cardioprotective effect on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). This study aimed to investigate whether the cardioprotective effect of OT is associated with the inhibition of mast cell degranulation and inflammation. METHODS The left anterior descending coronary artery of rats was ligated for 30 min and reperfused for 120 min to establish an ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury model. A preliminary experiment was conducted to evaluate the optimal dose of OT (0.01, 0.1, 1 μg/kg via intraperitoneal). The mast cell secretagogue compound 48/80 (C48/80) was used to promote the degranulation of mast cells with or without I/R injury, while rats were pretreated with OT to determine whether this compound suppresses mast cell degranulation. The expression of the inflammatory factors HMGB1 and NF-κB p65 was evaluated. A cell experiment was performed for verification. RESULTS C48/80 (0.5 mg/kg, intravenous) increased mast cell degranulation and tryptase release compared with I/R-treated alone (27.12 ± 3.52 % vs. 16.57 ± 2.23 %; 8.34 ± 1.66 ng/mL vs. 3.63 ± 0.63 ng/mL), but these effects could be decreased by OT (0.1 μg/kg, intraperitoneal) preconditioning (19.29 ± 0.74 %; 5.37 ± 0.73 ng/mL). Besides that, hemodynamic disorders, arrhythmias, cardiac edema, infarct size, histopathological damage, and the levels of cTnI, HMGB1 and NF-κB p65 were significantly increased in I/R-treated group compared with corresponding observations in the control group, and C48/80 exacerbated these injuries, but pretreatment with OT could ameliorate these effects. Furthermore, C48/80 (10 μg/mL) inhibited the viability and promoted the apoptosis of H9C2(2-1) and RBL-2H3 cells, and increased the release of cTnI and tryptase, all of which were reversed by prophylactic OT (0.01 ng/mL) treatment. CONCLUSION We concluded that OT pretreatment inhibits the degranulation of cardiac mast cells induced by I/R injury and downregulates the expression of the inflammatory factors HMGB1 and NF-κB p65.
Collapse
|
6
|
Szczepanska-Sadowska E, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Sadowski B. Differential role of specific cardiovascular neuropeptides in pain regulation: Relevance to cardiovascular diseases. Neuropeptides 2020; 81:102046. [PMID: 32284215 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In many instances, the perception of pain is disproportionate to the strength of the algesic stimulus. Excessive or inadequate pain sensation is frequently observed in cardiovascular diseases, especially in coronary ischemia. The mechanisms responsible for individual differences in the perception of cardiovascular pain are not well recognized. Cardiovascular disorders may provoke pain in multiple ways engaging molecules released locally in the heart due to tissue ischemia, inflammation or cellular stress, and through neurogenic and endocrine mechanisms brought into action by hemodynamic disturbances. Cardiovascular neuropeptides, namely angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], vasopressin, oxytocin, and orexins belong to this group. Although participation of these peptides in the regulation of circulation and pain has been firmly established, their mutual interaction in the regulation of pain in cardiovascular diseases has not been profoundly analyzed. In the present review we discuss the regulation of the release, and mechanisms of the central and systemic actions of these peptides on the cardiovascular system in the context of their central and peripheral nociceptive (Ang II) and antinociceptive [Ang-(1-7), vasopressin, oxytocin, orexins] properties. We also consider the possibility that they may play a significant role in the modulation of pain in cardiovascular diseases. The rationale for focusing attention on these very compounds was based on the following premises (1) cardiovascular disturbances influence the release of these peptides (2) they regulate vascular tone and cardiac function and can influence the intensity of ischemia - the factor initiating pain signals in the cardiovascular system, (3) they differentially modulate nociception through peripheral and central mechanisms, and their effect strongly depends on specific receptors and site of action. Accordingly, an altered release of these peptides and/or pharmacological blockade of their receptors may have a significant but different impact on individual sensation of pain and comfort of an individual patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szczepanska-Sadowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogdan Sadowski
- School of Engineering and Health, Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 r. 18, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Reiss AB, Glass DS, Lam E, Glass AD, De Leon J, Kasselman LJ. Oxytocin: Potential to mitigate cardiovascular risk. Peptides 2019; 117:170089. [PMID: 31112739 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide, despite multiple treatment options. In addition to elevated lipid levels, oxidative stress and inflammation are key factors driving atherogenesis and CVD. New strategies are required to mitigate risk and most urgently for statin-intolerant patients. The neuropeptide hormone oxytocin, synthesized in the brain hypothalamus, is worthy of consideration as a CVD ancillary treatment because it moderates factors directly linked to atherosclerotic CVD such as inflammation, weight gain, food intake and insulin resistance. Though initially studied for its contribution to parturition and lactation, oxytocin participates in social attachment and bonding, associative learning, memory and stress responses. Oxytocin has shown promise in animal models of atherosclerosis and in some human studies as well. A number of properties of oxytocin make it a candidate CVD treatment. Oxytocin not only lowers fat mass and cytokine levels, but also improves glucose tolerance, lowers blood pressure and relieves anxiety. Further, it has an important role in communication in the gut-brain axis that makes it a promising treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Oxytocin acts through its receptor which is a class I G-protein-coupled receptor present in cells of the vascular system including the heart and arteries. While oxytocin is not used for heart disease at present, residual CVD risk remains in a substantial portion of patients despite multidrug regimens, leaving open the possibility of using the endogenous nonapeptide as an adjunct therapy. This review discusses the possible role for oxytocin in human CVD prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison B Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA.
| | - Daniel S Glass
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA
| | - Eric Lam
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA
| | - Amy D Glass
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA
| | - Joshua De Leon
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA
| | - Lora J Kasselman
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang P, Wang SC, Yang H, Lv C, Jia S, Liu X, Wang X, Meng D, Qin D, Zhu H, Wang YF. Therapeutic Potential of Oxytocin in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:454. [PMID: 31178679 PMCID: PMC6537480 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cardiovascular disease responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The major pathophysiological basis of CAD is atherosclerosis in association with varieties of immunometabolic disorders that can suppress oxytocin (OT) receptor (OTR) signaling in the cardiovascular system (CVS). By contrast, OT not only maintains cardiovascular integrity but also has the potential to suppress and even reverse atherosclerotic alterations and CAD. These protective effects of OT are associated with its protection of the heart and blood vessels from immunometabolic injuries and the resultant inflammation and apoptosis through both peripheral and central approaches. As a result, OT can decelerate the progression of atherosclerosis and facilitate the recovery of CVS from these injuries. At the cellular level, the protective effect of OT on CVS involves a broad array of OTR signaling events. These signals mainly belong to the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway that is composed of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase cascades and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2. Additionally, AMP-activated protein kinase, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase signaling and many others are also implicated in OTR signaling in the CVS protection. These signaling events interact coordinately at many levels to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines and the activation of apoptotic pathways. A particular target of these signaling events is endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial oxidative stress that interact through mitochondria-associated ER membrane. In contrast to these protective effects and machineries, rare but serious cardiovascular disturbances were also reported in labor induction and animal studies including hypotension, reflexive tachycardia, coronary spasm or thrombosis and allergy. Here, we review our current understanding of the protective effect of OT against varieties of atherosclerotic etiologies as well as the approaches and underlying mechanisms of these effects. Moreover, potential cardiovascular disturbances following OT application are also discussed to avoid unwanted effects in clinical trials of OT usages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Stephani C Wang
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Haipeng Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Forth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunmei Lv
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuwei Jia
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoran Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dexin Meng
- Department of Physiology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Danian Qin
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
KOÇYİĞİT ÜM. Sıçanların Kalp Dokusunda Oksitosin’in Karbonik Anhidraz ve Asetilkolinesteraz Enzimleri Üzerine İnhibisyon Etkisinin Araştırılması. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.21597/jist.407875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
10
|
Ybarra N, Vincent P, Smith LC, Troncy E. Oxytocin improves the expression of cardiac specific markers in porcine bone marrow stem cells differentiation. Res Vet Sci 2014; 98:42-50. [PMID: 25541154 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) treated with 5-azacytidine possess myogenic differentiation potential. Oxytocin (OT) induces cardiomyogenesis in murine embryonic and cardiac stem cells. We attempted to isolate, characterize, and induce OT-mediated cardiomyogenic differentiation of porcine pBMSCs. Cells were treated as: control, OT, and 5-azacytidine groups. During early passages, transcripts of Oct4, GATA4, OT receptor, and phospholamban were expressed. RT-PCR showed upregulation of GATA4 in OT and 5-azacytidine-induced groups. Immunocytochemistry revealed higher expressions of cardiac troponin T and myosin heavy chain in OT than in 5-azacytidine-induced groups (p < 0.01). Western blot analysis showed upregulation of cardiac troponin I in OT-induced pBMSCs (p < 0.01). We infer pBMSCs should be induced during early passages, when expressing transcription factors related to pluripotency and cardiomyogenesis, as well as OT receptor. The more abundant expression of cardiac specific proteins in OT-treated pBMSCs suggests OT could be a more potent cardiomyogenic inducer of pBMSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norma Ybarra
- GREPAQ - Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick Vincent
- CRRA - Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Lawrence C Smith
- CRRA - Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Troncy
- GREPAQ - Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wsol A, Szczepanska-Sadowska E, Kowalewski S, Puchalska L, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A. Oxytocin differently regulates pressor responses to stress in WKY and SHR rats: the role of central oxytocin and V1a receptors. Stress 2014; 17:117-25. [PMID: 24308490 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2013.872620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of central oxytocin in the regulation of cardiovascular parameters under resting conditions and during acute stress was investigated in male normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY; n = 40) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; n = 28). In Experiment 1, mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded in WKY and SHR rats at rest and after an air-jet stressor during intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusions of vehicle, oxytocin or oxytocin receptor (OTR) antagonist. In Experiment 2, the effects of vehicle, oxytocin and OTR antagonist were determined in WKY rats after prior administration of a V1a vasopressin receptor (V1aR) antagonist. Resting MABP and HR were not affected by any of the ICV infusions either in WKY or in SHR rats. In control experiments (vehicle), the pressor response to stress was significantly higher in SHR. Oxytocin enhanced the pressor response to stress in the WKY rats but reduced it in SHR. During V1aR blockade, oxytocin infusion entirely abolished the pressor response to stress in WKY rats. Combined blockade of V1aR and OTR elicited a significantly greater MABP response to stress than infusion of V1a antagonist and vehicle. This study reveals significant differences in the regulation of blood pressure in WKY and SHR rats during alarming stress. Specifically, the augmentation of the pressor response to stress by exogenous oxytocin in WKY rats is caused by its interaction with V1aR, and endogenous oxytocin regulates the magnitude of the pressor response to stress in WKY rats by simultaneous interaction with OTR and V1aR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Wsol
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Erbaş O, Oltulu F, Taşkiran D. Amelioration of rotenone-induced dopaminergic cell death in the striatum by oxytocin treatment. Peptides 2012; 38:312-7. [PMID: 22985856 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is essentially associated with uterine contraction during parturition and milk ejection reflex. Although several studies implicate the role of OT in anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic pathways, there is a lack of data with regard to the protective effects of oxytocin in neurodegenerative models such as Parkinson's disease (PD). The present study was undertaken to investigate the neuroprotective effects of oxytocin (OT) on rotenone-induced PD in rats. Twenty adult Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with rotenone (3 μg/μl in DMSO) or vehicle (1 μl DMSO) into the left substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) under stereotaxic surgery, and PD model was assessed by rotational test ten days after drug infusion. The valid PD rats were randomly divided into two groups; Group 1 (n=7) and Group 2 (n=7) were administered saline (1 ml/kg/day, i.p.) and oxytocin (160 μg/kg/day, i.p.) through 20 days, respectively. The effects of OT treatment were evaluated by behavioral, histological and immunohistochemical parameters. Apomorphine-induced stereotypic rotations in PD rats were significantly inhibited by OT treatment (p<0.05). In addition, immunohistochemical studies clearly demonstrated the suppression of Bax, caspase-3, caspase-8 and elevation of Bcl-2 and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoexpression in OT-treated rats compared to saline group. Our findings suggest that oxytocin may have cytoprotective and restorative effects on dopaminergic neurons against rotenone-induced injury. The underlying mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of apoptotic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oytun Erbaş
- Department of Physiology, Ege University School of Medicine, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | |
Collapse
|