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Papadopoulos KS, Piperi C, Korkolopoulou P. Clinical Applications of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell (ADSC) Exosomes in Tissue Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5916. [PMID: 38892103 PMCID: PMC11172884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells with a great potential for self-renewal and differentiation. Exosomes derived from ADSCs (ADSC-exos) can imitate their functions, carrying cargoes of bioactive molecules that may affect specific cellular targets and signaling processes. Recent evidence has shown that ADSC-exos can mediate tissue regeneration through the regulation of the inflammatory response, enhancement of cell proliferation, and induction of angiogenesis. At the same time, they may promote wound healing as well as the remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In combination with scaffolds, they present the future of cell-free therapies and promising adjuncts to reconstructive surgery with diverse tissue-specific functions and minimal adverse effects. In this review, we address the main characteristics and functional properties of ADSC-exos in tissue regeneration and explore their most recent clinical application in wound healing, musculoskeletal regeneration, dermatology, and plastic surgery as well as in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos S. Papadopoulos
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, 11525 Athens, Greece;
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Penelope Korkolopoulou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Ruff PG, Sterodimas A. Enhanced Fat Graft Viability and Remodeling Using a Helium-based Radiofrequency Device to Prepare the Recipient Site. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:612-620. [PMID: 38097690 PMCID: PMC10954941 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03749-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improvements to autologous fat grafting for soft tissue augmentation are needed to overcome the unpredictable volume retention. Approaches such as fat harvesting and processing, injection technique, preparation of the recipient site, and supplemental biologics are topics of ongoing research. Here, an energy-based device was investigated as a stimulatory tool for recipient site preparation for improving fat graft retention. OBJECTIVE The objective was to measure the stimulatory responses in fat grafts after 4 weeks when using a helium-based radiofrequency device to pretreat the recipient tissue. METHODS Using an autologous fat grafting mouse model, the inguinal fat pad was grafted in a small cranial pocket after either a saline injection alone (control) or a saline injection followed by pretreatment (treated). The fat pad was resected after 4 weeks, sectioned and stained with immunofluorescence markers to investigate tissue remodeling. RESULTS Pretreatment resulted in higher viability of adipocytes, a higher concentration of viable ASCs in areas of adipose tissue regeneration, and localized macrophages in the areas of regeneration when compared to the control. There was no observable difference in vascularity or angiogenesis. The staining for ASCs was higher in the pretreated group in comparison with the control group (5.0% vs. 3.3%, p=0.36) when using a pixel classifier in QuPath in the viable adipose tissue regions. CONCLUSIONS The use of a helium-based radiofrequency device as a pretreatment tool appears to increase the viability of the adipose tissue likely due to higher concentration of ASCs. The apparent increase in viable ASCs may be due to enhanced proliferation or paracrine recruitment of these cells in response to the helium-based radiofrequency treatment. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 . Bullet List of Important Points: Pretreatment of the fat graft recipient site increases the viability of the adipose tissue after 4 weeks in comparison with the control grafts. The increased viability is likely due to the observed increase in adipose-derived stem cells in the pretreated group. Pretreatment enhanced the adipose tissue remodeling as colocalization of adipose-derived stem cells and macrophages showed an active remodeling, whereas the control group exhibited more necrotic and fibrotic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Ruff
- West End Plastic Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aris Sterodimas
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Metropolitan General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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Velot É, Balmayor ER, Bertoni L, Chubinskaya S, Cicuttini F, de Girolamo L, Demoor M, Grigolo B, Jones E, Kon E, Lisignoli G, Murphy M, Noël D, Vinatier C, van Osch GJVM, Cucchiarini M. Women's contribution to stem cell research for osteoarthritis: an opinion paper. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1209047. [PMID: 38174070 PMCID: PMC10762903 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1209047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Velot
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering and Articular Physiopathology (IMoPA), French National Centre for Scientific Research, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Elizabeth R. Balmayor
- Experimental Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lélia Bertoni
- CIRALE, USC 957, BPLC, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Flavia Cicuttini
- Musculoskeletal Unit, Monash University and Rheumatology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio, Orthopaedic Biotechnology Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Magali Demoor
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, Caen, France
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio RAMSES, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Elizaveta Kon
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department ofBiomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mary Murphy
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Danièle Noël
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, Inserm, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Vinatier
- Nantes Université, Oniris, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Nantes, France
| | - Gerjo J. V. M. van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Krizanova O, Penesova A, Hokynkova A, Pokorna A, Samadian A, Babula P. Chronic venous insufficiency and venous leg ulcers: Aetiology, on the pathophysiology-based treatment. Int Wound J 2023; 21:e14405. [PMID: 37858977 PMCID: PMC10824599 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The chronic venous disease covers a wide spectrum of venous disorders that are characterized by severely impaired blood return that primarily affects veins in the lower extremities. Morphological and functional abnormalities of the venous system led to chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), and present as leg heaviness/achiness, edema, telangiectasia, and varices. The term 'chronic venous insufficiency' (CVI) refers to a disease of greater severity. Venous dysfunction is associated with venous hypertension and is associated with venous reflux due to poorly functioning or incompetent venous valves, which ultimately reduces venous return, leading to a cascade of morphological, physiological, and histologic abnormalities such as blood pooling, hypoxia, inflammation, swelling, skin changes (lipodermatosclerosis), and in severe cases, venous leg ulcers (VLU). This review summarizes recent knowledge about the aetiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology of VLU and compared the possibilities of their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Krizanova
- Institute of Clinical and Translational ResearchBiomedical Research Center SASBratislavaSlovakia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Ss. Cyril and MethodiusTrnavaSlovakia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Adela Penesova
- Institute of Clinical and Translational ResearchBiomedical Research Center SASBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Alica Hokynkova
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk University and University HospitalBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Andrea Pokorna
- Department of Health SciencesFaculty of Medicine, Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Amir Samadian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Petr Babula
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
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Vasella M, Arnke K, Dranseikiene D, Guzzi E, Melega F, Reid G, Klein HJ, Schweizer R, Tibbitt MW, Kim BS. Methacrylated Gelatin as a Scaffold for Mechanically Isolated Stromal Vascular Fraction for Cutaneous Wound Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13944. [PMID: 37762247 PMCID: PMC10530931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanically processed stromal vascular fraction (mSVF) is a highly interesting cell source for regenerative purposes, including wound healing, and a practical alternative to enzymatically isolated SVF. In the clinical context, SVF benefits from scaffolds that facilitate viability and other cellular properties. In the present work, the feasibility of methacrylated gelatin (GelMA), a stiffness-tunable, light-inducible hydrogel with high biocompatibility is investigated as a scaffold for SVF in an in vitro setting. Lipoaspirates from elective surgical procedures were collected and processed to mSVF and mixed with GelMA precursor solutions. Non-encapsulated mSVF served as a control. Viability was measured over 21 days. Secreted basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) levels were measured on days 1, 7 and 21 by ELISA. IHC was performed to detect VEGF-A, perilipin-2, and CD73 expression on days 7 and 21. The impact of GelMA-mSVF on human dermal fibroblasts was measured in a co-culture assay by the same viability assay. The viability of cultured GelMA-mSVF was significantly higher after 21 days (p < 0.01) when compared to mSVF alone. Also, GelMA-mSVF secreted stable levels of bFGF over 21 days. While VEGF-A was primarily expressed on day 21, perilipin-2 and CD73-positive cells were observed on days 7 and 21. Finally, GelMA-mSVF significantly improved fibroblast viability as compared with GelMA alone (p < 0.01). GelMA may be a promising scaffold for mSVF as it maintains cell viability and proliferation with the release of growth factors while facilitating adipogenic differentiation, stromal cell marker expression and fibroblast proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Vasella
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Kevin Arnke
- Center for Preclinical Development, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Dalia Dranseikiene
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; (D.D.); (E.G.); (M.W.T.)
| | - Elia Guzzi
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; (D.D.); (E.G.); (M.W.T.)
| | - Francesca Melega
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Gregory Reid
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Holger Jan Klein
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland;
| | - Riccardo Schweizer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Regional Hospital Lugano, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
| | - Mark W. Tibbitt
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; (D.D.); (E.G.); (M.W.T.)
| | - Bong-Sung Kim
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.V.); (G.R.)
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Noël D, Scherberich A. Editorial: Biology and clinical applications of adipose-derived cells for skeletal regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1221444. [PMID: 37288354 PMCID: PMC10242165 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1221444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Danièle Noël
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Bone Regeneration, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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