1
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Georgopoulou A, Filippi M, Stefani L, Drescher F, Balciunaite A, Scherberich A, Katzschmann R, Clemens F. Bioprinting of Stable Bionic Interfaces Using Piezoresistive Hydrogel Organoelectronics. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400051. [PMID: 38666593 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Bionic tissues offer an exciting frontier in biomedical research by integrating biological cells with artificial electronics, such as sensors. One critical hurdle is the development of artificial electronics that can mechanically harmonize with biological tissues, ensuring a robust interface for effective strain transfer and local deformation sensing. In this study, a highly tissue-integrative, soft mechanical sensor fabricated from a composite piezoresistive hydrogel. The composite not only exhibits exceptional mechanical properties, with elongation at the point of fracture reaching up to 680%, but also maintains excellent biocompatibility across multiple cell types. Furthermore, the material exhibits bioadhesive qualities, facilitating stable cell adhesion to its surface. A unique advantage of the formulation is the compatibility with 3D bioprinting, an essential technique for fabricating stable interfaces. A multimaterial sensorized 3D bionic construct is successfully bioprinted, and it is compared to structures produced via hydrogel casting. In contrast to cast constructs, the bioprinted ones display a high (87%) cell viability, preserve differentiation ability, and structural integrity of the sensor-tissue interface throughout the tissue development duration of 10 d. With easy fabrication and effective soft tissue integration, this composite holds significant promise for various biomedical applications, including implantable electronics and organ-on-a-chip technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Georgopoulou
- High Performance Ceramics Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Filippi
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Stefani
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Felix Drescher
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Aiste Balciunaite
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Robert Katzschmann
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Frank Clemens
- High Performance Ceramics Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
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2
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Chaaban M, Moya A, García-García A, Paillaud R, Schaller R, Klein T, Power L, Buczak K, Schmidt A, Kappos E, Ismail T, Schaefer DJ, Martin I, Scherberich A. Harnessing human adipose-derived stromal cell chondrogenesis in vitro for enhanced endochondral ossification. Biomaterials 2023; 303:122387. [PMID: 37977007 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Endochondral ossification (ECO), the major ossification process during embryogenesis and bone repair, involves the formation of a cartilaginous template remodelled into a functional bone organ. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC), non-skeletal multipotent progenitors from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of human adipose tissue, were shown to recapitulate ECO and generate bone organs in vivo when primed into a hypertrophic cartilage tissue (HCT) in vitro. However, the reproducibility of ECO was limited and the major triggers remain unknown. We studied the effect of the expansion of cells and maturation of HCT on the induction of the ECO process. SVF cells or expanded ASC were seeded onto collagen sponges, cultured in chondrogenic medium for 3-6 weeks and implanted ectopically in nude mice to evaluate their bone-forming capacities. SVF cells from all tested donors formed mature HCT in 3 weeks whereas ASC needed 4-5 weeks. A longer induction increased the degree of maturation of the HCT, with a gradually denser cartilaginous matrix and increased mineralization. This degree of maturation was highly predictive of their bone-forming capacity in vivo, with ECO achieved only for an intermediate maturation degree. In parallel, expanding ASC also resulted in an enrichment of the stromal fraction characterized by a rapid change of their proteomic profile from a quiescent to a proliferative state. Inducing quiescence rescued their chondrogenic potential. Our findings emphasize the role of monolayer expansion and chondrogenic maturation degree of ASC on ECO and provides a simple, yet reproducible and effective approach for bone formation to be tested in specific clinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Chaaban
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adrien Moya
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andres García-García
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Paillaud
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Romain Schaller
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thibaut Klein
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Power
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katarzyna Buczak
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Schmidt
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Kappos
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tarek Ismail
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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3
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Noël D, Scherberich A. Editorial: Biology and clinical applications of adipose-derived cells for skeletal regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1221444. [PMID: 37288354 PMCID: PMC10242165 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1221444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Danièle Noël
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Bone Regeneration, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Born G, Plantier E, Nannini G, Caimi A, Mazzoleni A, Asnaghi MA, Muraro MG, Scherberich A, Martin I, García-García A. Mini- and macro-scale direct perfusion bioreactors with optimized flow for engineering 3D tissues. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2200405. [PMID: 36428229 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202200405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bioreactors enabling direct perfusion of cell suspensions or culture media through the pores of 3D scaffolds have long been used in tissue engineering to improve cell seeding efficiency as well as uniformity of cell distribution and tissue development. A macro-scale U-shaped bioreactor for cell culture under perfusion (U-CUP) has been previously developed. In that system, the geometry of the perfusion chamber results in rather uniform flow through most of the scaffold volume, but not in the peripheral regions. Here, the design of the perfusion chamber has been optimized to provide a more homogenous perfusion flow through the scaffold. Then, the design of this macro-scale flow-optimized perfusion bioreactor (macro-Flopper) has been miniaturized to create a mini-scale device (mini-Flopper) compatible with medium-throughput assays. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling of the new chamber design, including a porous scaffold structure, revealed that Flopper bioreactors provide highly homogenous flow speed, pressure, and shear stress. Finally, a proof-of-principle of the functionality of the Flopper systems by engineering endothelialized stromal tissues using human adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells has been offered. Preliminary evidence showing that flow optimization improves cell maintenance in the engineered tissues will have to be confirmed in future studies. In summary, two bioreactor models with optimized perfusion flow and complementary sizes have been proposed that might be exploited to engineer homogenous tissues and, in the case of the mini-Flopper, for drug testing assays with a limited amount of biological material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordian Born
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Evelia Plantier
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guido Nannini
- Department of Electronics, Informatics and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Alessandro Caimi
- Department of Electronics, Informatics and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Andrea Mazzoleni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Adelaide Asnaghi
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuele G Muraro
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrés García-García
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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5
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Abstract
Iron deposits in cells and tissues can be detected by ex vivo histological examination through the Prussian blue (PB) staining. This practical, inexpensive, and highly sensitive technique involves the treatment of fixed tissue sections and cells with acid solutions of ferrocyanides that combine with ferric ion forming a bright blue pigment (i.e., ferric ferrocyanide). The staining can be applied to visualize iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), versatile magnetic nanosystems that are used in various biomedical applications and whose localization is usually required at a higher resolution than that enabled by in vivo tracking techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Bitonto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Garello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland.
| | - Miriam Filippi
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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6
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Cheng C, Chaaban M, Born G, Martin I, Li Q, Schaefer DJ, Jaquiery C, Scherberich A. Repair of a Rat Mandibular Bone Defect by Hypertrophic Cartilage Grafts Engineered From Human Fractionated Adipose Tissue. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:841690. [PMID: 35350180 PMCID: PMC8957819 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.841690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Devitalized bone matrix (DBM) is currently the gold standard alternative to autologous bone grafting in maxillofacial surgery. However, it fully relies on its osteoconductive properties and therefore requires defects with healthy bone surrounding. Fractionated human adipose tissue, when differentiated into hypertrophic cartilage in vitro, was proven reproducibly osteogenic in vivo, by recapitulating endochondral ossification (ECO). Both types of bone substitutes were thus compared in an orthotopic, preclinical mandibular defect model in rat. Methods: Human adipose tissue samples were collected and cultured in vitro to generate disks of hypertrophic cartilage. After hypertrophic induction, eight samples from two donors were implanted into a mandible defect in rats, in parallel to Bio-Oss® DBM granules. After 12 weeks, the mandible samples were harvested and evaluated by Micro-CT and histology. Results: Micro-CT demonstrated reproducible ECO and complete restoration of the mandibular geometry with adipose-based disks, with continuous bone inside and around the defect, part of which was of human (donor) origin. In the Bio-Oss® group, instead, osteoconduction from the border of the defect was observed but no direct connection of the granules with the surrounding bone was evidenced. Adipose-based grafts generated significantly higher mineralized tissue volume (0.57 ± 0.10 vs. 0.38 ± 0.07, n = 4, p = 0.03) and newly formed bone (18.9 ± 3.4% of surface area with bone tissue vs. 3 ± 0.7%, p < 0.01) than Bio-Oss®. Conclusion: Our results provide a proof-of-concept that adipose-based hypertrophic cartilage grafts outperform clinical standard biomaterials in maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mansoor Chaaban
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gordian Born
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qingfeng Li, ; Arnaud Scherberich,
| | - Dirk J. Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claude Jaquiery
- Clinic for Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Qingfeng Li, ; Arnaud Scherberich,
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7
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Filippi M, Garello F, Yasa O, Kasamkattil J, Scherberich A, Katzschmann RK. Engineered Magnetic Nanocomposites to Modulate Cellular Function. Small 2022; 18:e2104079. [PMID: 34741417 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have various applications in biomedicine, including imaging, drug delivery and release, genetic modification, cell guidance, and patterning. By combining MNPs with polymers, magnetic nanocomposites (MNCs) with diverse morphologies (core-shell particles, matrix-dispersed particles, microspheres, etc.) can be generated. These MNCs retain the ability of MNPs to be controlled remotely using external magnetic fields. While the effects of these biomaterials on the cell biology are still poorly understood, such information can help the biophysical modulation of various cellular functions, including proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation. After recalling the basic properties of MNPs and polymers, and describing their coassembly into nanocomposites, this review focuses on how polymeric MNCs can be used in several ways to affect cell behavior. A special emphasis is given to 3D cell culture models and transplantable grafts, which are used for regenerative medicine, underlining the impact of MNCs in regulating stem cell differentiation and engineering living tissues. Recent advances in the use of MNCs for tissue regeneration are critically discussed, particularly with regard to their prospective involvement in human therapy and in the construction of advanced functional materials such as magnetically operated biomedical robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Filippi
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Garello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Oncay Yasa
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Jesil Kasamkattil
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland
| | - Robert K Katzschmann
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
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8
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Guerrero J, Dasen B, Frismantiene A, Pigeot S, Ismail T, Schaefer DJ, Philippova M, Resink TJ, Martin I, Scherberich A. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:213-229. [PMID: 35259280 PMCID: PMC8929526 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of human adipose tissue have the capacity to generate osteogenic grafts with intrinsic vasculogenic properties. However, cultured adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs), even after minimal monolayer expansion, lose osteogenic capacity in vivo. Communication between endothelial and stromal/mesenchymal cell lineages has been suggested to improve bone formation and vascularization by engineered tissues. Here, we investigated the specific role of a subpopulation of SVF cells positive for T-cadherin (T-cad), a putative endothelial marker. We found that maintenance during monolayer expansion of a T-cad-positive cell population, composed of endothelial lineage cells (ECs), is mandatory to preserve the osteogenic capacity of SVF cells in vivo and strongly supports their vasculogenic properties. Depletion of T-cad-positive cells from the SVF totally impaired bone formation in vivo and strongly reduced vascularization by SVF cells in association with decreased VEGF and Adiponectin expression. The osteogenic potential of T-cad-depleted SVF cells was fully rescued by co-culture with ECs from a human umbilical vein (HUVECs), constitutively expressing T-cad. Ectopic expression of T-cad in ASCs stimulated mineralization in vitro but failed to rescue osteogenic potential in vivo, indicating that the endothelial nature of the T-cad-positive cells is the key factor for induction of osteogenesis in engineered grafts based on SVF cells. This study demonstrates that crosstalk between stromal and T-cad expressing endothelial cells within adipose tissue critically regulates osteogenesis, with VEGF and adiponectin as associated molecular mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guerrero
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Boris Dasen
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Agne Frismantiene
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastien Pigeot
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tarek Ismail
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Philippova
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Therese J Resink
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Corresponding author: Arnaud Scherberich, Department of Biomedicine, Hebelstrasse 20, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. Tel: +41 061 328 73 75;
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9
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Ismail T, Haumer A, Lunger A, Osinga R, Kaempfen A, Saxer F, Wixmerten A, Miot S, Thieringer F, Beinemann J, Kunz C, Jaquiéry C, Weikert T, Kaul F, Scherberich A, Schaefer DJ, Martin I. Case Report: Reconstruction of a Large Maxillary Defect With an Engineered, Vascularized, Prefabricated Bone Graft. Front Oncol 2021; 11:775136. [PMID: 34938659 PMCID: PMC8685218 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.775136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The reconstruction of complex midface defects is a challenging clinical scenario considering the high anatomical, functional, and aesthetic requirements. In this study, we proposed a surgical treatment to achieve improved oral rehabilitation and anatomical and functional reconstruction of a complex defect of the maxilla with a vascularized, engineered composite graft. The patient was a 39-year-old female, postoperative after left hemimaxillectomy for ameloblastic carcinoma in 2010 and tumor-free at the 5-year oncological follow-up. The left hemimaxillary defect was restored in a two-step approach. First, a composite graft was ectopically engineered using autologous stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells seeded on an allogenic devitalized bone matrix. The resulting construct was further loaded with bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), wrapped within the latissimus dorsi muscle, and pedicled with an arteriovenous (AV) bundle. Subsequently, the prefabricated graft was orthotopically transferred into the defect site and revascularized through microvascular surgical techniques. The prefabricated graft contained vascularized bone tissue embedded within muscular tissue. Despite unexpected resorption, its orthotopic transfer enabled restoration of the orbital floor, separation of the oral and nasal cavities, and midface symmetry and allowed the patient to return to normal diet as well as to restore normal speech and swallowing function. These results remained stable for the entire follow-up period of 2 years. This clinical case demonstrates the safety and the feasibility of composite graft engineering for the treatment of complex maxillary defects. As compared to the current gold standard of autologous tissue transfer, this patient’s benefits included decreased donor site morbidity and improved oral rehabilitation. Bone resorption of the construct at the ectopic prefabrication site still needs to be further addressed to preserve the designed graft size and shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Ismail
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Haumer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Lunger
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rik Osinga
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Center for Musculoskeletal Infections, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Kaempfen
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Saxer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anke Wixmerten
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Miot
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Thieringer
- Clinic for Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joerg Beinemann
- Clinic for Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Kunz
- Clinic for Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claude Jaquiéry
- Clinic for Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Weikert
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Kaul
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Center for Musculoskeletal Infections, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Born G, Nikolova M, Scherberich A, Treutlein B, García-García A, Martin I. Engineering of fully humanized and vascularized 3D bone marrow niches sustaining undifferentiated human cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211044855. [PMID: 34616539 PMCID: PMC8488506 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211044855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are frequently located around the bone marrow (BM) vasculature. These so-called perivascular niches regulate HSC function both in health and disease, but they have been poorly studied in humans due to the scarcity of models integrating complete human vascular structures. Herein, we propose the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) derived from human adipose tissue as a cell source to vascularize 3D osteoblastic BM niches engineered in perfusion bioreactors. We show that SVF cells form self-assembled capillary structures, composed by endothelial and perivascular cells, that add to the osteogenic matrix secreted by BM mesenchymal stromal cells in these engineered niches. In comparison to avascular osteoblastic niches, vascularized BM niches better maintain immunophenotypically-defined cord blood (CB) HSCs without affecting cell proliferation. In contrast, HSPCs cultured in vascularized BM niches showed increased CFU-granulocyte-erythrocyte-monocyte-megakaryocyte (CFU-GEMM) numbers. The vascularization also contributed to better preserve osteogenic gene expression in the niche, demonstrating that niche vascularization has an influence on both hematopoietic and stromal compartments. In summary, we have engineered a fully humanized and vascularized 3D BM tissue to model native human endosteal perivascular niches and revealed functional implications of this vascularization in sustaining undifferentiated CB HSPCs. This system provides a unique modular platform to explore hemato-vascular interactions in human healthy/pathological hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordian Born
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwill, Switzerland
| | - Marina Nikolova
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwill, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Treutlein
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrés García-García
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwill, Switzerland
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11
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Hirsiger JR, Tamborrini G, Harder D, Bantug GR, Hoenger G, Recher M, Marx C, Li QZ, Martin I, Hess C, Scherberich A, Daikeler T, Berger CT. Chronic inflammation and extracellular matrix-specific autoimmunity following inadvertent periarticular influenza vaccination. J Autoimmun 2021; 124:102714. [PMID: 34403915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral infections may trigger autoimmunity in genetically predisposed individuals. Immunizations mimic viral infections immunologically, but only in rare instances vaccinations coincide with the onset of autoimmunity. Inadvertent vaccine injection into periarticular shoulder tissue can cause inflammatory tissue damage ('shoulder injury related to vaccine administration, SIRVA). Thus, this accident provides a model to study if vaccine-induced pathogen-specific immunity accompanied by a robust inflammatory insult may trigger autoimmunity in specific genetic backgrounds. METHODS We studied 16 otherwise healthy adults with suspected SIRVA occurring following a single work-related influenza immunization campaign in 2017. We performed ultrasound, immunophenotypic analyses, HLA typing, and influenza- and self-reactivity functional immunoassays. Vaccine-related bone toxicity and T cell/osteoclast interactions were assessed in vitro. FINDINGS Twelve of the 16 subjects had evidence of inflammatory tissue damage on imaging, including bone erosions in six. Tissue damage was associated with a robust peripheral blood T and B cell activation signature and extracellular matrix-reactive autoantibodies. All subjects with erosions were HLA-DRB1*04 positive and showed extracellular matrix-reactive HLA-DRB1*04 restricted T cell responses targeting heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG). Antigen-specific T cells potently activated osteoclasts via RANK/RANK-L, and the osteoclast activation marker Trap5b was high in sera of patients with an erosive shoulder injury. In vitro, the vaccine component alpha-tocopheryl succinate recapitulated bone toxicity and stimulated osteoclasts. Auto-reactivity was transient, with no evidence of progression to rheumatoid arthritis or overt autoimmune disease. CONCLUSION Vaccine misapplication, potentially a genetic predisposition, and vaccine components contribute to SIRVA. The association with autoimmunity risk allele HLA-DRB1*04 needs to be further investigated. Despite transient autoimmunity, SIRVA was not associated with progression to autoimmune disease during two years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Hirsiger
- Translational Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Tamborrini
- Ultrasound Center for Rheumatology (UZR), Basel, Switzerland; Rheumatology Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dorothee Harder
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Glenn R Bantug
- Immunobiology Lab, Department Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gideon Hoenger
- HLA-Diagnostics and Immunogenetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mike Recher
- Immunodeficiency Lab, Department Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Immunology & Internal Medicine, IIMT Microarray Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, USA
| | - Ivan Martin
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Departments of Surgery and Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hess
- Immunobiology Lab, Department Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Departments of Surgery and Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Daikeler
- Rheumatology Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph T Berger
- Translational Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Interdisciplinary Center for Immunology, Departments of Dermatology, Internal Medicine, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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12
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Abstract
Of the four tenascins found in bony fish and tetrapods, tenascin-W is the least understood. It was first discovered in the zebrafish and later in mouse, where it was mistakenly named tenascin-N. Tenascin-W is expressed primarily in developing and mature bone, in a subset of stem cell niches, and in the stroma of many solid tumors. Phylogenetic studies show that it is the most recent tenascin to evolve, appearing first in bony fishes. Its expression in bone and the timing of its evolutionary appearance should direct future studies to its role in bone formation, in stem cell niches, and in the treatment and detection of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Degen
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard P Tucker
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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13
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Ismail T, Lunger A, Haumer A, Todorov A, Menzi N, Schweizer T, Bieback K, Bürgin J, Schaefer DJ, Martin I, Scherberich A. Platelet-rich plasma and stromal vascular fraction cells for the engineering of axially vascularized osteogenic grafts. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1908-1917. [PMID: 33049123 DOI: 10.1002/term.3141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Avascular necrosis of bone (AVN) leads to sclerosis and collapse of bone and joints. We have previously shown that axially vascularized osteogenic constructs, engineered by combining human stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells and a ceramic scaffold, can revitalize necrotic bone of clinically relevant size in a rat model of AVN. For a clinical translation, the fetal bovine serum (FBS) used to generate such grafts should be substituted by a nonxenogeneic culture supplement. Human thrombin-activated platelet-rich plasma (tPRP) was evaluated in this context. SVF cells were cultured inside porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds with a perfusion-based bioreactor system for 5 days. The culture medium was supplemented with either 10% FBS or 10% tPRP. The resulting constructs were inserted into devitalized bovine bone cylinders to mimic the treatment of a necrotic bone. A ligated vascular bundle was inserted into the constructs upon subcutaneous implantation in the groin of nude rats. After 1 and 8 weeks, constructs were harvested, and vascularization, host cell recruitment, and bone formation were analyzed. After 1 week in vivo, constructs were densely vascularized, with no difference between tPRP- and FBS-based ones. After 8 weeks, bone formation and vascularization was found in both tPRP- and FBS-precultured constructs. However, the amount of bone and the vessel density were respectively 2.2- and 1.8-fold higher in the tPRP group. Interestingly, the density of M2, proregenerative macrophages was also significantly higher (6.9-fold) following graft preparation with tPRP than with FBS. Our findings indicate that tPRP is a suitable substitute for FBS to generate vascularized, osteogenic grafts from SVF cells and could thus be implemented in protocols for clinical translation of this strategy towards the treatment of bone loss and AVN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Ismail
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Lunger
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Haumer
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Atanas Todorov
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Menzi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Schweizer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karen Bieback
- Medical Faculty, University of Mannheim/Experimental Cell Therapy, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joel Bürgin
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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14
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Largo RD, Burger MG, Harschnitz O, Waschkies CF, Grosso A, Scotti C, Kaempfen A, Gueven S, Jundt G, Scherberich A, Schaefer DJ, Banfi A, Di Maggio N. VEGF Over-Expression by Engineered BMSC Accelerates Functional Perfusion, Improving Tissue Density and In-Growth in Clinical-Size Osteogenic Grafts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:755. [PMID: 32714920 PMCID: PMC7351518 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The first choice for reconstruction of clinical-size bone defects consists of autologous bone flaps, which often lack the required mechanical strength and cause significant donor-site morbidity. We have previously developed biological substitutes in a rabbit model by combining bone tissue engineering and flap pre-fabrication. However, spontaneous vascularization was insufficient to ensure progenitor survival in the core of the constructs. Here, we hypothesized that increased angiogenic stimulation within constructs by exogenous VEGF can significantly accelerate early vascularization and tissue in-growth. Bone marrow stromal cells from NZW rabbits (rBMSC) were transduced with a retroviral vector to express rabbit VEGF linked to a truncated version of rabbit CD4 as a cell-surface marker. Autologous cells were seeded in clinical-size 5.5 cm3 HA scaffolds wrapped in a panniculus carnosus flap to provide an ample vascular supply, and implanted ectopically. Constructs seeded with VEGF-expressing rBMSC showed significantly increased progenitor survivival, depth of tissue ingrowth and amount of mineralized tissue. Contrast-enhanced MRI after 1 week in vivo showed significantly improved tissue perfusion in the inner layer of the grafts compared to controls. Interestingly, grafts containing VEGF-expressing rBMSC displayed a hierarchically organized functional vascular tree, composed of dense capillary networks in the inner layers connected to large-caliber feeding vessels entering the constructs at the periphery. These data constitute proof of principle that providing sustained VEGF signaling, independently of cells experiencing hypoxia, is effective to drive rapid vascularization and increase early perfusion in clinical-size osteogenic grafts, leading to improved tissue formation deeper in the constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene' D Largo
- Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, >Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian G Burger
- Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, >Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Harschnitz
- Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, >Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Conny F Waschkies
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Surgical Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Grosso
- Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, >Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Celeste Scotti
- Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Kaempfen
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sinan Gueven
- Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gernot Jundt
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Banfi
- Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, >Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nunzia Di Maggio
- Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, >Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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15
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Abstract
Despite considerable advances in microsurgical techniques over the past decades, bone tissue remains a challenging arena to obtain a satisfying functional and structural restoration after damage. Through the production of substituting materials mimicking the physical and biological properties of the healthy tissue, tissue engineering strategies address an urgent clinical need for therapeutic alternatives to bone autografts. By virtue of their structural versatility, polymers have a predominant role in generating the biodegradable matrices that hold the cells in situ to sustain the growth of new tissue until integration into the transplantation area (i.e., scaffolds). As compared to synthetic ones, polymers of natural origin generally present superior biocompatibility and bioactivity. Their assembly and further engineering give rise to a wide plethora of advanced supporting materials, accounting for systems based on hydrogels or scaffolds with either fibrous or porous architecture. The present review offers an overview of the various types of natural polymers currently adopted in bone tissue engineering, describing their manufacturing techniques and procedures of functionalization with active biomolecules, and listing the advantages and disadvantages in their respective use in order to critically compare their actual applicability potential. Their combination to other classes of materials (such as micro and nanomaterials) and other innovative strategies to reproduce physiological bone microenvironments in a more faithful way are also illustrated. The regeneration outcomes achieved in vitro and in vivo when the scaffolds are enriched with different cell types, as well as the preliminary clinical applications are presented, before the prospects in this research field are finally discussed. The collection of studies herein considered confirms that advances in natural polymer research will be determinant in designing translatable materials for efficient tissue regeneration with forthcoming impact expected in the treatment of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Filippi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gordian Born
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mansoor Chaaban
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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16
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Siemer S, Wünsch D, Khamis A, Lu Q, Scherberich A, Filippi M, Krafft MP, Hagemann J, Weiss C, Ding GB, Stauber RH, Gribko A. Nano Meets Micro-Translational Nanotechnology in Medicine: Nano-Based Applications for Early Tumor Detection and Therapy. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10020383. [PMID: 32098406 PMCID: PMC7075286 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have great potential for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells of solid tumor origin entering the peripheral blood after detachment from a primary tumor. The occurrence and circulation of CTCs are accepted as a prerequisite for the formation of metastases, which is the major cause of cancer-associated deaths. Due to their clinical significance CTCs are intensively discussed to be used as liquid biopsy for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. However, there are substantial challenges for the clinical use of CTCs based on their extreme rarity and heterogeneous biology. Therefore, methods for effective isolation and detection of CTCs are urgently needed. With the rapid development of nanotechnology and its wide applications in the biomedical field, researchers have designed various nano-sized systems with the capability of CTCs detection, isolation, and CTCs-targeted cancer therapy. In the present review, we summarize the underlying mechanisms of CTC-associated tumor metastasis, and give detailed information about the unique properties of CTCs that can be harnessed for their effective analytical detection and enrichment. Furthermore, we want to give an overview of representative nano-systems for CTC isolation, and highlight recent achievements in microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technologies. We also emphasize the recent advances in nano-based CTCs-targeted cancer therapy. We conclude by critically discussing recent CTC-based nano-systems with high therapeutic and diagnostic potential as well as their biocompatibility as a practical example of applied nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Siemer
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Désirée Wünsch
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Aya Khamis
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Qiang Lu
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Universitätspital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland (M.F.)
| | - Miriam Filippi
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Universitätspital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland (M.F.)
| | - Marie Pierre Krafft
- Institut Charles Sadron (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Jan Hagemann
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Weiss
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Guo-Bin Ding
- Institute for Biotechnology, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Roland H. Stauber
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Biotechnology, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
- Correspondence: (R.H.S.); (A.G.); Tel.: +49-6131-176030 (A.G.)
| | - Alena Gribko
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: (R.H.S.); (A.G.); Tel.: +49-6131-176030 (A.G.)
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17
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Nguyen DV, Hugoni L, Filippi M, Perton F, Shi D, Voirin E, Power L, Cotin G, Krafft MP, Scherberich A, Lavalle P, Begin-Colin S, Felder-Flesch D. Mastering bioactive coatings of metal oxide nanoparticles and surfaces through phosphonate dendrons. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05565g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic phosphonates are versatile coatings of several nanomaterials for health applications ranging from implants to nanoparticles and microbubbles.
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18
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Filippi M, Nguyen DV, Garello F, Perton F, Bégin-Colin S, Felder-Flesch D, Power L, Scherberich A. Metronidazole-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles for molecular detection of hypoxic tissues. Nanoscale 2019; 11:22559-22574. [PMID: 31746914 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08436c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Being crucial under several pathological conditions, tumors, and tissue engineering, the MRI tracing of hypoxia within cells and tissues would be improved by the use of nanosystems allowing for direct recognition of low oxygenation and further treatment-oriented development. In the present study, we functionalized dendron-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (dendronized IONPs) with a bioreductive compound, a metronidazole-based ligand, to specifically detect the hypoxic tissues. Spherical IONPs with an average size of 10 nm were obtained and then decorated with the new metronidazole-conjugated dendron. The resulting nanoparticles (metro-NPs) displayed negligible effects on cell viability, proliferation, and metabolism, in both monolayer and 3D cell culture models, and a good colloidal stability in bio-mimicking media, as shown by DLS. Overtime quantitative monitoring of the IONP cell content revealed an enhanced intracellular retention of metro-NPs under anoxic conditions, confirmed by the in vitro MRI of cell pellets where a stronger negative contrast generation was observed in hypoxic primary stem cells and tumor cells after labeling with metro-NPs. Overall, these results suggest desirable properties in terms of interactions with the biological environment and capability of selective accumulation into the hypoxic tissue, and indicate that metro-NPs have considerable potential for the development of new nano-platforms especially in the field of anoxia-related diseases and tissue engineered models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Filippi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123, Allschwil, Basel, Switzerland.
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19
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Filippi M, Born G, Felder-Flesch D, Scherberich A. Use of nanoparticles in skeletal tissue regeneration and engineering. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:331-350. [PMID: 31721139 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone and osteochondral defects represent one of the major causes of disabilities in the world. Derived from traumas and degenerative pathologies, these lesions cause severe pain, joint deformity, and loss of joint motion. The standard treatments in clinical practice present several limitations. By producing functional substitutes for damaged tissues, tissue engineering has emerged as an alternative in the treatment of defects in the skeletal system. Despite promising preliminary clinical outcomes, several limitations remain. Nanotechnologies could offer new solutions to overcome those limitations, generating materials more closely mimicking the structures present in naturally occurring systems. Nanostructures comparable in size to those appearing in natural bone and cartilage have thus become relevant in skeletal tissue engineering. In particular, nanoparticles allow for a unique combination of approaches (e.g. cell labelling, scaffold modification or drug and gene delivery) inside single integrated systems for optimized tissue regeneration. In the present review, the main types of nanoparticles and the current strategies for their application to skeletal tissue engineering are described. The collection of studies herein considered confirms that advanced nanomaterials will be determinant in the design of regenerative therapeutic protocols for skeletal lesions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Filippi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gordian Born
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Delphine Felder-Flesch
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux Strasbourg, UMR CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Basel, Switzerland.
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20
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Rossi E, Mracsko E, Papadimitropoulos A, Allafi N, Reinhardt D, Mehrkens A, Martin I, Knuesel I, Scherberich A. An In Vitro Bone Model to Investigate the Role of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-2 in Bone Homeostasis. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 24:391-398. [PMID: 29897015 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM-2), a transmembrane receptor expressed by macrophages, microglia, and osteoclasts (OCs), plays a protective role in late-onset Alzheimer Disease (AD). To validate TREM-2 as a therapeutic target in AD, its potential secondary parallel effect on bone homeostasis should be clarified. However, animal models and monolayer cultures of human cells were shown poorly predictive of TREM-2 function in human. Therefore, this study aimed to engineer a tridimensional in vitro model using human progenitors differentiated into osteoblasts and OCs, recapitulating physiological bone homeostasis. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells were seeded and cultured under perfusion inside a collagen type I scaffold for 3 weeks, generating osteoblasts and mineralized matrix. Human peripheral blood-derived CD14+ monocytes were subsequently seeded through the generated tissue, thanks to perfusion flow, and further cultured for up to 3 weeks with an inductive medium, generating mature OCs. This culture system supported collagenous matrix deposition and resorption, allowing for the investigation of kinetic of soluble TREM-2 over the coculture time. Agonistic activation of TREM-2 in this model had no effect on OC activity or on mineralized matrix turnover. In conclusion, the engineered culture system represents a tridimensional, in vitro human bone model for drug testing and suggested no effect of TREM-2 agonist on bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Rossi
- 1 Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eva Mracsko
- 2 Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adam Papadimitropoulos
- 1 Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nima Allafi
- 1 Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dieter Reinhardt
- 2 Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arne Mehrkens
- 1 Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- 1 Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Irene Knuesel
- 2 Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- 1 Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- 3 Clinic of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Basel , Basel, Switzerland
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21
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Epple C, Haumer A, Ismail T, Lunger A, Scherberich A, Schaefer DJ, Martin I. Prefabrication of a large pedicled bone graft by engineering the germ for de novo vascularization and osteoinduction. Biomaterials 2019; 192:118-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Guerrero J, Pigeot S, Müller J, Schaefer DJ, Martin I, Scherberich A. Fractionated human adipose tissue as a native biomaterial for the generation of a bone organ by endochondral ossification. Acta Biomater 2018; 77:142-154. [PMID: 30126590 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Many steps are required to generate bone through endochondral ossification with adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (ASC), from cell isolation to in vitro monolayer expansion, seeding into scaffolds, cartilaginous differentiation and in vivo remodeling. Moreover, monolayer expansion and passaging of ASC strongly decreases their differentiation potential. Here, we propose that adipose tissue itself can be used as scaffold for ASC expansion and endochondral ossification. Human liposuctions were fractionated and cultured for 3 weeks with proliferative medium in suspension. The resulting constructs, named Adiscaf, were compared to constructs generated with a previously developed, control approach, i.e. collagen sponges seeded with monolayer-expanded ASC. After 4 weeks of chondrogenic differentiation, Adiscaf contained cartilage tissue, characterized by glycosaminoglycans and collagen type II. After 2 additional weeks of hypertrophic differentiation, Adiscaf showed upregulation of hypertrophic markers at the gene expression and protein levels. After 8 weeks of in vivo implantation, Adiscaf resulted in ectopic bone tissue formation, including bone marrow elements. Adiscaf showed superior in vitro differentiation and in vivo performance as compared to the control paradigm involving isolation and monolayer expansion of ASC. This new paradigm exploits the physiological niche of adipose tissue and strongly suggests a higher functionality of cells inside adipose tissue after in vitro expansion. This study demonstrates that adult human adipose tissue used as a native construct can generate a bone organ by endochondral ossification. The concept could be exploited for the generation of osteogenic grafts for bone repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this study we used adult human adipose tissue as scaffolding materials (called Adiscaf) to generate a bone organ by endochondral ossification. Adiscaf concept is based on the culture of adipose tissue cells inside their native microenvironment for the generation of osteogenic grafts for bone repair. This simplified approach overcomes several limitations linked to the current techniques in bone tissue engineering, such as isolation of cells and inadequate properties of the biomaterials used as scaffolds. In addition, the present paradigm proposes to exploit physiological niches in order to better maintain the functionality of cells during their in vitro expansion. This project not only has a scientific impact by evaluating the impact of native physiological niches on the functionality and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors but also a clinical impact to generate osteogenic grafts and/or osteoinductive materials for bone regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guerrero
- University of Basel Hospital, Department of Biomedicine, Tissue Engineering, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sebastien Pigeot
- University of Basel Hospital, Department of Biomedicine, Tissue Engineering, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Judith Müller
- University of Basel Hospital, Department of Biomedicine, Tissue Engineering, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- University Hospital of Basel, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- University of Basel Hospital, Department of Biomedicine, Tissue Engineering, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- University of Basel Hospital, Department of Biomedicine, Tissue Engineering, Basel, Switzerland; University Hospital of Basel, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Switzerland.
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23
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Blache U, Vallmajo-Martin Q, Horton ER, Guerrero J, Djonov V, Scherberich A, Erler JT, Martin I, Snedeker JG, Milleret V, Ehrbar M. Notch-inducing hydrogels reveal a perivascular switch of mesenchymal stem cell fate. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201845964. [PMID: 29967223 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201845964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The fate of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the perivascular niche, as well as factors controlling their fate, is poorly understood. Here, we study MSCs in the perivascular microenvironment of endothelial capillaries by modifying a synthetic 3D biomimetic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-hydrogel system in vitro We show that MSCs together with endothelial cells form micro-capillary networks specifically in soft PEG hydrogels. Transcriptome analysis of human MSCs isolated from engineered capillaries shows a prominent switch in extracellular matrix (ECM) production. We demonstrate that the ECM phenotypic switch of MSCs can be recapitulated in the absence of endothelial cells by functionalizing PEG hydrogels with the Notch-activator Jagged1. Moreover, transient culture of MSCs in Notch-inducing microenvironments reveals the reversibility of this ECM switch. These findings provide insight into the perivascular commitment of MSCs by use of engineered niche-mimicking synthetic hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Blache
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomechanics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Queralt Vallmajo-Martin
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Edward R Horton
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julien Guerrero
- Department of Biomedicine and Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine and Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janine T Erler
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine and Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jess G Snedeker
- Institute for Biomechanics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Biomechanics Laboratory, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Milleret
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Ehrbar
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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24
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Menzi N, Osinga R, Todorov A, Schaefer DJ, Martin I, Scherberich A. Wet milling of large quantities of human excision adipose tissue for the isolation of stromal vascular fraction cells. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:807-817. [PMID: 29344745 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0190-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The isolation of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells from excised human adipose tissue, for clinical or research purposes, implies the tedious and time consuming process of manual mincing prior to enzymatic digestion. Since no efficient alternative technique to this current standard procedure has been proposed so far, the aim of this study was to test a milling procedure, using two simple, inexpensive and commercially available manual meat grinders, to process large amounts of adipose tissue. The procedure was assessed on adipose tissue resections from seven human donors and compared to manual mincing with scalpels. The processed adipose tissues were digested and the resulting SVF cells compared in terms of number, clonogenicity and differentiation capacity. After 10 min of processing, either device tested yielded on average sixfold more processed material for subsequent cell isolation than manual mincing. The isolation yield of SVF cells (isolated cells per ml of adipose tissue), their viability, phenotype, clonogenicity and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation capacity, tested by production of mineralized matrix and lipid vacuoles, respectively, were comparable. This new method is practical and inexpensive and represents an efficient alternative to the current standard for large scale adipose tissue resection processing. A device based on the milling principle could be embedded within a streamlined system for isolation and clinical use of SVF cells from adipose tissue excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Menzi
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rik Osinga
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Atanas Todorov
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Johannes Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland.
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland
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25
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Scherberich A, Giannone G, Perennou E, Takeda K, Boucheix C, Rubinstein E, Lanza F, Beretz A. FAK-mediated Inhibition of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration by the Tetraspanin CD9. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1613130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryMigration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) towards the intima is a key event in vascular proliferative diseases. We investigated a potential role for the tetraspanin CD9 in this process in a wound migration assay. Aortic SMC from CD9 knock-out mice had higher migration rates and the presumably stimulatory anti-CD9 antibody ALMA-1 inhibited migration of human SMC. The signaling pathways responsible for this inhibitory effect were investigated. In migrating CD9−/− SMC, stress fiber formation was decreased and focal adhesions were smaller and more diffusely distributed, consistent with an inhibition of integrin clustering. In migrating mouse SMC expressing CD9, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation was doubled. No differences in intracellular calcium signaling were observed between CD9+/+ and CD9−/− SMC during migration. We suggest that CD9 inhibits SMC migration by a stimulation of both stress fiber formation and integrin clustering, leading to a stimulation of FAK phosphorylation.
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26
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Ismail T, Osinga R, Todorov A, Haumer A, Tchang LA, Epple C, Allafi N, Menzi N, Largo RD, Kaempfen A, Martin I, Schaefer DJ, Scherberich A. Engineered, axially-vascularized osteogenic grafts from human adipose-derived cells to treat avascular necrosis of bone in a rat model. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:236-245. [PMID: 28893630 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avascular necrosis of bone (AVN) leads to sclerosis and collapse of bone and joints. The standard of care, vascularized bone grafts, is limited by donor site morbidity and restricted availability. The aim of this study was to generate and test engineered, axially vascularized SVF cells-based bone substitutes in a rat model of AVN. METHODS SVF cells were isolated from lipoaspirates and cultured onto porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds within a perfusion-based bioreactor system for 5days. The resulting constructs were inserted into devitalized bone cylinders mimicking AVN-affected bone. A ligated vascular bundle was inserted upon subcutaneous implantation of constructs in nude rats. After 1 and 8weeks in vivo, bone formation and vascularization were analyzed. RESULTS Newly-formed bone was found in 80% of SVF-seeded scaffolds after 8weeks but not in unseeded controls. Human ALU+cells in the bone structures evidenced a direct contribution of SVF cells to bone formation. A higher density of regenerative, M2 macrophages was observed in SVF-seeded constructs. In both experimental groups, devitalized bone was revitalized by vascularized tissue after 8 weeks. CONCLUSION SVF cells-based osteogenic constructs revitalized fully necrotic bone in a challenging AVN rat model of clinically-relevant size. SVF cells contributed to accelerated initial vascularization, to bone formation and to recruitment of pro-regenerative endogenous cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Avascular necrosis (AVN) of bone often requires surgical treatment with autologous bone grafts, which is surgically demanding and restricted by significant donor site morbidity and limited availability. This paper describes a de novo engineered axially-vascularized bone graft substitute and tests the potential to revitalize dead bone and provide efficient new bone formation in a rat model. The engineering of an osteogenic/vasculogenic construct of clinically-relevant size with stromal vascular fraction of human adipose, combined to an arteriovenous bundle is described. This construct revitalized and generated new bone tissue. This successful approach proposes a novel paradigm in the treatment of AVN, in which an engineered, vascularized osteogenic graft would be used as a germ to revitalize large volumes of necrotic bone.
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27
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Cerino G, Gaudiello E, Muraro MG, Eckstein F, Martin I, Scherberich A, Marsano A. Engineering of an angiogenic niche by perfusion culture of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14252. [PMID: 29079730 PMCID: PMC5660248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13882-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro recapitulation of an organotypic stromal environment, enabling efficient angiogenesis, is crucial to investigate and possibly improve vascularization in regenerative medicine. Our study aims at engineering the complexity of a vascular milieu including multiple cell-types, a stromal extracellular matrix (ECM), and molecular signals. For this purpose, the human adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF), composed of a heterogeneous mix of pericytes, endothelial/stromal progenitor cells, was cultured under direct perfusion flow on three-dimensional (3D) collagen scaffolds. Perfusion culture of SVF-cells reproducibly promoted in vitro the early formation of a capillary-like network, embedded within an ECM backbone, and the release of numerous pro-angiogenic factors. Compared to static cultures, perfusion-based engineered constructs were more rapidly vascularized and supported a superior survival of delivered cells upon in vivo ectopic implantation. This was likely mediated by pericytes, whose number was significantly higher (4.5-fold) under perfusion and whose targeted depletion resulted in lower efficiency of vascularization, with an increased host foreign body reaction. 3D-perfusion culture of SVF-cells leads to the engineering of a specialized milieu, here defined as an angiogenic niche. This system could serve as a model to investigate multi-cellular interactions in angiogenesis, and as a module supporting increased grafted cell survival in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cerino
- Departments of Biomedicine and Surgery, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Gaudiello
- Departments of Biomedicine and Surgery, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuele Giuseppe Muraro
- Departments of Biomedicine and Surgery, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Eckstein
- Departments of Biomedicine and Surgery, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Departments of Biomedicine and Surgery, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Departments of Biomedicine and Surgery, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna Marsano
- Departments of Biomedicine and Surgery, University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
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28
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Fennema EM, Tchang LAH, Yuan H, van Blitterswijk CA, Martin I, Scherberich A, de Boer J. Ectopic bone formation by aggregated mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow and adipose tissue: A comparative study. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e150-e158. [PMID: 28485099 DOI: 10.1002/term.2453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered constructs (TECs) based on spheroids of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) combined with calcium phosphate microparticles and enveloped in a platelet-rich plasma hydrogel showed that aggregation of MSCs improves their ectopic bone formation potential. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) have been recognized as an interesting MSC source for bone tissue engineering, but their ectopic bone formation is limited. We investigated whether aggregation of ASCs could similarly improve ectopic bone formation by ASCs and SVF cells. The formation of aggregates with BM-MSCs, ASCs and SVF cells was carried out and gene expression was analysed for osteogenic, chondrogenic and vasculogenic genes in vitro. Ectopic bone formation was evaluated after implantation of TECs in immunodeficient mice with six conditions: TECs with ASCs, TECs with BM-MSC, TECs with SVF cells (with and without rhBMP2), no cells and no cells with rhBMP2. BM-MSCs showed consistent compact spheroid formation, ASCs to a lesser extent and SVF showed poor spheroid formation. Aggregation of ASCs induced a significant upregulation of the expression of osteogenic markers like alkaline phosphatase and collagen type I, as compared with un-aggregated ASCs. In vivo, ASC and SVF cells both generated ectopic bone in the absence of added morphogenetic proteins. The highest incidence of bone formation was seen with BM-MSCs (7/9) followed by SVF + rhBMP2 (4/9) and no cells + rhBMP2 (2/9). Aggregation can improve ectopic bone tissue formation by adipose-derived cells, but is less efficient than rhBMP2. A combination of both factors should now be tested to investigate an additive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eelco M Fennema
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Laurent A H Tchang
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Huipin Yuan
- MERLN Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Xpand Biotechnology B.V., Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Clemens A van Blitterswijk
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.,MERLN Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan de Boer
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.,MERLN Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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29
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Jalili-Firoozinezhad S, Martin I, Scherberich A. Bimodal morphological analyses of native and engineered tissues. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2017; 76:543-550. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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30
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Todorov A, Scotti C, Barbero A, Scherberich A, Papadimitropoulos A, Martin I. Monocytes Seeded on Engineered Hypertrophic Cartilage Do Not Enhance Endochondral Ossification Capacity. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:708-715. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Atanas Todorov
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Andrea Barbero
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adam Papadimitropoulos
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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31
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Ismail T, Bürgin J, Todorov A, Osinga R, Menzi N, Largo R, Haug M, Martin I, Scherberich A, Schaefer D. Low osmolality and shear stress during liposuction impair cell viability in autologous fat grafting. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2017; 70:596-605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Jalili-Firoozinezhad S, Mohamadzadeh Moghadam MH, Ghanian MH, Ashtiani MK, Alimadadi H, Baharvand H, Martin I, Scherberich A. Polycaprolactone-templated reduced-graphene oxide liquid crystal nanofibers towards biomedical applications. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06178a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report a facile method to generate electrically conductive nanofibers by coating and subsequently chemically reducing graphene oxide (GO) liquid crystals on a polycaprolactone (PCL) mat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Hossein Ghanian
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology
- Cell Science Research Center
- Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology
- ACECR
- Tehran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Ashtiani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology
- Cell Science Research Center
- Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology
- ACECR
- Tehran
| | - Hossein Alimadadi
- Center for Electron Nanoscopy
- Technical University of Denmark
- DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology
- Cell Science Research Center
- Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology
- ACECR
- Tehran
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine
- University Hospital Basel
- University of Basel
- CH-4031 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine
- University Hospital Basel
- University of Basel
- CH-4031 Basel
- Switzerland
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33
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Saxer F, Scherberich A, Todorov A, Studer P, Miot S, Schreiner S, Güven S, Tchang LAH, Haug M, Heberer M, Schaefer DJ, Rikli D, Martin I, Jakob M. Implantation of Stromal Vascular Fraction Progenitors at Bone Fracture Sites: From a Rat Model to a First-in-Man Study. Stem Cells 2016; 34:2956-2966. [PMID: 27538760 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) cells freshly isolated from adipose tissue include osteogenic- and vascular-progenitors, yet their relevance in bone fracture healing is currently unknown. Here, we investigated whether human SVF cells directly contribute to the repair of experimental fractures in nude rats, and explored the feasibility/safety of their clinical use for augmentation of upper arm fractures in elderly individuals. Human SVF cells were loaded onto ceramic granules within fibrin gel and implanted in critical nude rat femoral fractures after locking-plate osteosynthesis, with cell-free grafts as control. After 8 weeks, only SVF-treated fractures did not fail mechanically and displayed formation of ossicles at the repair site, with vascular and bone structures formed by human cells. The same materials combined with autologous SVF cells were then used to treat low-energy proximal humeral fractures in 8 patients (64-84 years old) along with standard open reduction and internal fixation. Graft manufacturing and implantation were compatible with intraoperative settings and led to no adverse reactions, thereby verifying feasibility/safety. Biopsies of the repair tissue after up to 12 months, upon plate revision or removal, demonstrated formation of bone ossicles, structurally disconnected and morphologically distinct from osteoconducted bone, suggesting the osteogenic nature of implanted SVF cells. We demonstrate that SVF cells, without expansion or exogenous priming, can spontaneously form bone tissue and vessel structures within a fracture-microenvironment. The gained clinical insights into the biological functionality of the grafts, combined with their facile, intra-operative manufacturing modality, warrant further tests of effectiveness in larger, controlled trials. Stem Cells 2016;34:2956-2966.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Saxer
- Clinic of Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Atanas Todorov
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Studer
- Clinic of Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Miot
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simone Schreiner
- Clinic of Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sinan Güven
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurent A H Tchang
- Clinic of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Haug
- Clinic of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Heberer
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- Clinic of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Rikli
- Clinic of Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Jakob
- Clinic of Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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34
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Todorov A, Kreutz M, Haumer A, Scotti C, Barbero A, Bourgine PE, Scherberich A, Jaquiery C, Martin I. Fat-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells Enhance the Bone-Forming Capacity of Devitalized Engineered Hypertrophic Cartilage Matrix. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1684-1694. [PMID: 27460849 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
: Engineered and devitalized hypertrophic cartilage (HC) has been proposed as bone substitute material, potentially combining the features of osteoinductivity, resistance to hypoxia, capacity to attract blood vessels, and customization potential for specific indications. However, in comparison with vital tissues, devitalized HC grafts have reduced efficiency of bone formation and longer remodeling times. We tested the hypothesis that freshly harvested stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells from human adipose tissue-which include mesenchymal, endothelial, and osteoclastic progenitors-enhance devitalized HC remodeling into bone tissue. Human SVF cells isolated from abdominal lipoaspirates were characterized cytofluorimetrically. HC pellets, previously generated by human bone marrow-derived stromal cells and devitalized by freeze/thaw, were embedded in fibrin gel with or without different amounts of SVF cells and implanted either ectopically in nude mice or in 4-mm-diameter calvarial defects in nude rats. In the ectopic model, SVF cells added to devitalized HC directly contributed to endothelial, osteoblastic, and osteoclastic populations. After 12 weeks, the extent of graft vascularization and amount of bone formation increased in a cell-number-dependent fashion (up to, respectively, 2.0-fold and 2.9-fold using 12 million cells per milliliter of gel). Mineralized tissue volume correlated with the number of implanted, SVF-derived endothelial cells (CD31+ CD34+ CD146+). In the calvarial model, SVF activation of HC using 12 million cells per milliliter of gel induced efficient merging among implanted pellets and strongly enhanced (7.3-fold) de novo bone tissue formation within the defects. Our findings outline a bone augmentation strategy based on off-the-shelf devitalized allogeneic HC, intraoperatively activated with autologous SVF cells. SIGNIFICANCE This study validates an innovative bone substitute material based on allogeneic hypertrophic cartilage that is engineered, devitalized, stored, and clinically used, together with autologous cells, intraoperatively derived from a lipoaspirate. The strategy was tested using human cells in an ectopic model and an orthotopic implantation model, in immunocompromised animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanas Todorov
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Kreutz
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Haumer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Celeste Scotti
- Instituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Barbero
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Claude Jaquiery
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Osinga R, Di Maggio N, Todorov A, Allafi N, Barbero A, Laurent F, Schaefer DJ, Martin I, Scherberich A. Generation of a Bone Organ by Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Through Endochondral Ossification. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1090-7. [PMID: 27334490 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED : Recapitulation of endochondral ossification (ECO) (i.e., generation of marrow-containing ossicles through a cartilage intermediate) has relevance to develop human organotypic models for bone or hematopoietic cells and to engineer grafts for bone regeneration. Unlike bone marrow-derived stromal cells (also known as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells), adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC) have so far failed to form a bone organ by ECO. The goal of the present study was to assess whether priming human ASC to a defined stage of chondrogenesis in vitro allows their autonomous ECO upon ectopic implantation. ASC were cultured either as micromass pellets or into collagen sponges in chondrogenic medium containing transforming growth factor-β3 and bone morphogenetic protein-6 for 4 weeks (early hypertrophic templates) or for two additional weeks in medium supplemented with β-glycerophosphate, l-thyroxin, and interleukin1-β to induce hypertrophic maturation (late hypertrophic templates). Constructs were implanted in vivo and analyzed after 8 weeks. In vitro, ASC deposited cartilaginous matrix positive for glycosaminoglycans, type II collagen, and Indian hedgehog. Hypertrophic maturation induced upregulation of type X collagen, bone sialoprotein, and matrix metalloproteinase13 (MMP13). In vivo, both early and late hypertrophic templates underwent cartilage remodeling, as assessed by MMP13- and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive staining, and developed bone ossicles, including bone marrow elements, although to variable degrees of efficiency. In situ hybridization for human-specific sequences and staining with a human specific anti-CD146 antibody demonstrated the direct contribution of ASC to bone and stromal tissue formation. In conclusion, despite their debated skeletal progenitor nature, human ASC can generate bone organs through ECO when suitably primed in vitro. SIGNIFICANCE Recapitulation of endochondral ossification (ECO) (i.e., generation of marrow-containing ossicles through a cartilage intermediate) has relevance to develop human organotypic models for bone or hematopoietic cells and to engineer grafts for bone regeneration. This study demonstrated that expanded, human adult adipose-derived stromal cells can generate ectopic bone through ECO, as previously reported for bone marrow stromal cells. This system can be used as a model in a variety of settings for mimicking ECO during development, physiology, or pathology (e.g., to investigate the role of BMPs, their receptors, and signaling pathways). The findings have also translational relevance in the field of bone regeneration, which, despite several advances in the domains of materials and surgical techniques, still faces various limitations before being introduced in the routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik Osinga
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nunzia Di Maggio
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Atanas Todorov
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nima Allafi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Barbero
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Laurent
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Developmental Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Johannes Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Herrmann M, Bara JJ, Sprecher CM, Menzel U, Jalowiec JM, Osinga R, Scherberich A, Alini M, Verrier S. Pericyte plasticity - comparative investigation of the angiogenic and multilineage potential of pericytes from different human tissues. Eur Cell Mater 2016; 31:236-49. [PMID: 27062725 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v031a16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pericyte recruitment is essential for the stability of newly formed vessels. It was also suggested that pericytes represent common ancestor cells giving rise to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the adult. Here, we systematically investigated pericytes and MSCs from different human tissues in terms of their angiogenic and multilineage differentiation potential in vitro in order to assess the suitability of the different cell types for the regeneration of vascularised tissues. Magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS®) was used to enrich CD34-CD146+ pericytes from adipose tissue (AT) and bone marrow (BM). The multilineage potential of pericytes was assessed by testing their capability to differentiate towards osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineage in vitro. Pericytes and endothelial cells were co-seeded on Matrigel™ and the formation of tube-like structures was examined to study the angiogenic potential of pericytes. MSCs from AT and BM were used as controls. CD34-CD146+ cells were successfully enriched from AT and BM. Only BM-derived cells exhibited trilineage differentiation potential. AT-derived cells displayed poor chondrogenic differentiation upon stimulation with transforming growth factor-β1. Interestingly, osteogenic differentiation was more efficient in AT-PC and BM-PC compared to the respective full MSC population. Matrigel™ assays revealed that pericytes from all tissues integrated into tube-like structures. We show that MACS®-enriched pericytes from BM and AT have the potential to regenerate tissues of different mesenchymal lineages and support neovascularisation. MACS® represents a simple enrichment strategy of cells, which is of particular interest for clinical application. Finally, our results suggest that the regenerative potential of pericytes depends on their tissue origin, which is an important consideration for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Herrmann
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos Platz,
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Klar AS, Güven S, Zimoch J, Zapiórkowska NA, Biedermann T, Böttcher-Haberzeth S, Meuli-Simmen C, Martin I, Scherberich A, Reichmann E, Meuli M. Characterization of vasculogenic potential of human adipose-derived endothelial cells in a three-dimensional vascularized skin substitute. Pediatr Surg Int 2016; 32:17-27. [PMID: 26621500 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-015-3808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The need for clinically applicable skin substitutes continues to be a matter of fact. Hypothetically, a laboratory grown autologous skin analog with near normal architecture might be a suitable approach to yield both satisfactory functional and cosmetic long-term results. In this study, we explored the use of human endothelial cells derived from freshly isolated adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) in a three-dimensional (3D) co-culture model of vascularized bio-engineered skin substitute. METHODS The SVF was isolated from human white adipose tissue samples and keratinocytes from human skin biopsies. The SVF, in particular endothelial cells, were characterized using flow cytometry and immuofluorescence analysis. Endothelial and mesenchymal progenitors from the SVF formed blood capillaries after seeding into a 3D collagen type I hydrogel in vitro. Subsequently, human keratinocytes were seeded on the top of those hydrogels to develop a vascularized dermo-epidermal skin substitute. RESULTS Flow cytometric analysis of surface markers of the freshly isolated SVF showed the expression of endothelial markers (CD31, CD34, CD146), mesenchymal/stromal cell-associated markers (CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105), stem cell markers (CD49f, CD117, CD133), and additionally hematopoietic markers (CD14, CD15, CD45). Further analysis of white adipose-derived endothelial cells (watECs) revealed the co-expression of CD31, CD34, CD90, CD105, and partially CD146 on these cells. WatECs were separated from adipose-stromal cells (watASCs) using FACS sorting. WatASCs and watECs cultured separately in a 3D hydrogel for 3 weeks did not form any vascular structures. Only if co-cultured, both cell types aligned to develop a ramified vascular network in vitro with continuous endothelial lumen formation. Transplantation of those 3D-hydrogels onto immuno-incompetent rats resulted in a rapid connection of human capillaries with the host vessels and formation of functional, blood-perfused mosaic human-rat vessels within only 3-4 days. CONCLUSIONS Adipose tissue represents an attractive cell source due to the ease of isolation and abundance of endothelial as well as mesenchymal cell lineages. Adipose-derived SVF cells exhibit the ability to form microvascular structures in vitro and support the accelerated blood perfusion in skin substitutes in vivo when transplanted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes S Klar
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sinan Güven
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jakub Zimoch
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Natalia A Zapiórkowska
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Biedermann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Böttcher-Haberzeth
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Meuli-Simmen
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Esthetical and Hand Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Reichmann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Meuli
- Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Jalili-Firoozinezhad S, Rajabi-Zeleti S, Mohammadi P, Gaudiello E, Bonakdar S, Solati-Hashjin M, Marsano A, Aghdami N, Scherberich A, Baharvand H, Martin I. Facile fabrication of egg white macroporous sponges for tissue regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:2281-90. [PMID: 26376116 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The availability of 3D sponges combining proper biochemical, biophysical, and biomechanical properties with enhanced capacity of in vivo engraftment and vascularization is crucial in regenerative medicine. A simple process is developed to generate macroporous scaffolds with a well-defined architecture of interconnected pores from chicken egg white (EW), a material with protein- and growth factor-binding features which has not yet been employed in regenerative medicine. The physicomechanical properties and degradation rates of the scaffold are finely tuned by using varying concentrations of the cross-linker, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride, without alteration of the biochemical traits. In vitro, EW scaffolds supported active metabolism, proliferation, and migration of human dermal fibroblasts, thereby generating uniform cellular constructs. In vivo, subcutaneous implantation in mice reveals negligible immune reaction and efficient cell and tissue ingrowth. Angiogenesis into EW scaffolds is enhanced as compared to standard collagen type I sponges used as reference material, likely due to significantly higher adsorption of the proangiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor. In summary, a material is presented derived by facile processing of a highly abundant natural product. Due to the efficient subcutaneous engraftment capacity, the sponges can find utilization for soft tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan Jalili-Firoozinezhad
- Departments of Biomedicine and of Surgery; University Hospital Basel; University of Basel; Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel Switzerland
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology Cell Science Research Center; Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology; ACECR Tehran 19395-4644 Iran
- Nanobiomaterials Laboratory; Faculty of Biomedical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran 15875/4413 Iran
| | - Sareh Rajabi-Zeleti
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology Cell Science Research Center; Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology; ACECR Tehran 19395-4644 Iran
| | - Parvaneh Mohammadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology Cell Science Research Center; Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology; ACECR Tehran 19395-4644 Iran
| | - Emanuele Gaudiello
- Departments of Biomedicine and of Surgery; University Hospital Basel; University of Basel; Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel Switzerland
| | - Shahin Bonakdar
- National Cell Bank of Iran; Pasteur Institute of Iran; Tehran 1316943551 Iran
| | - Mehran Solati-Hashjin
- Nanobiomaterials Laboratory; Faculty of Biomedical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran 15875/4413 Iran
| | - Anna Marsano
- Departments of Biomedicine and of Surgery; University Hospital Basel; University of Basel; Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel Switzerland
| | - Nasser Aghdami
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology Cell Science Research Center; Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology; ACECR Tehran 19395-4644 Iran
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Departments of Biomedicine and of Surgery; University Hospital Basel; University of Basel; Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel Switzerland
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology Cell Science Research Center; Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology; ACECR Tehran 19395-4644 Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology; University of Science and Culture; ACECR Tehran Iran
| | - Ivan Martin
- Departments of Biomedicine and of Surgery; University Hospital Basel; University of Basel; Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel Switzerland
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Osinga R, Menzi N, Tchang L, Caviezel D, Kalbermatten D, Martin I, Schaefer D, Scherberich A, Largo R. LOP38. Plast Reconstr Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000470730.36751.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Kappos EA, Engels PE, Tremp M, Meyer zu Schwabedissen M, di Summa P, Fischmann A, von Felten S, Scherberich A, Schaefer DJ, Kalbermatten DF. Peripheral Nerve Repair: Multimodal Comparison of the Long-Term Regenerative Potential of Adipose Tissue-Derived Cells in a Biodegradable Conduit. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2127-41. [PMID: 26134465 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a popular topic in peripheral nerve repair. Combining a nerve conduit with supporting adipose-derived cells could offer an opportunity to prevent time-consuming Schwann cell culture or the use of an autograft with its donor site morbidity and eventually improve clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to provide a broad overview over promising transplantable cells under equal experimental conditions over a long-term period. A 10-mm gap in the sciatic nerve of female Sprague-Dawley rats (7 groups of 7 animals, 8 weeks old) was bridged through a biodegradable fibrin conduit filled with rat adipose-derived stem cells (rASCs), differentiated rASCs (drASCs), human (h)ASCs from the superficial and deep abdominal layer, human stromal vascular fraction (SVF), or rat Schwann cells, respectively. As a control, we resutured a nerve segment as an autograft. Long-term evaluation was carried out after 12 weeks comprising walking track, morphometric, and MRI analyses. The sciatic functional index was calculated. Cross sections of the nerve, proximal, distal, and in between the two sutures, were analyzed for re-/myelination and axon count. Gastrocnemius muscle weights were compared. MRI proved biodegradation of the conduit. Differentiated rat ASCs performed significantly better than undifferentiated rASCs with less muscle atrophy and superior functional results. Superficial hASCs supported regeneration better than deep hASCs, in line with published in vitro data. The best regeneration potential was achieved by the drASC group when compared with other adipose tissue-derived cells. Considering the ease of procedure from harvesting to transplanting, we conclude that comparison of promising cells for nerve regeneration revealed that particularly differentiated ASCs could be a clinically translatable route toward new methods to enhance peripheral nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Kappos
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland .,2 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patricia E Engels
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland .,2 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Tremp
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland .,2 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Moritz Meyer zu Schwabedissen
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland .,2 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pietro di Summa
- 3 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arne Fischmann
- 4 Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Arnaud Scherberich
- 6 Institute for Surgical Research and Hospital Management, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F Kalbermatten
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland .,2 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
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Tchang LA, Pippenger BE, Todorov A, Wolf F, Burger MG, Jaquiery C, Bieback K, Martin I, Schaefer DJ, Scherberich A. Pooled thrombin-activated platelet-rich plasma: a substitute for fetal bovine serum in the engineering of osteogenic/vasculogenic grafts. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1542-1552. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent A. Tchang
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery; University Hospital of Basel; Switzerland
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine; University and University Hospital of Basel; Switzerland
| | - Benjamin E. Pippenger
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine; University and University Hospital of Basel; Switzerland
| | - Atanas Todorov
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine; University and University Hospital of Basel; Switzerland
| | - Francine Wolf
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine; University and University Hospital of Basel; Switzerland
| | - Maximilian G. Burger
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery; University Hospital of Basel; Switzerland
| | - Claude Jaquiery
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine; University and University Hospital of Basel; Switzerland
| | - Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim; Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen; Mannheim Germany
| | - Ivan Martin
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine; University and University Hospital of Basel; Switzerland
| | - Dirk J. Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery; University Hospital of Basel; Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine; University and University Hospital of Basel; Switzerland
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Chiovaro F, Martina E, Bottos A, Scherberich A, Hynes NE, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Transcriptional regulation of tenascin-W by TGF-beta signaling in the bone metastatic niche of breast cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:1842-54. [PMID: 25868708 PMCID: PMC5029769 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin‐W is a matricellular protein with a dynamically changing expression pattern in development and disease. In adults, tenascin‐W is mostly restricted to stem cell niches, and is also expressed in the stroma of solid cancers. Here, we analyzed its expression in the bone microenvironment of breast cancer metastasis. Osteoblasts were isolated from tumor‐free or tumor‐bearing bones of mice injected with MDA‐MB231‐1833 breast cancer cells. We found a fourfold upregulation of tenascin‐W in the osteoblast population of tumor‐bearing mice compared to healthy mice, indicating that tenascin‐W is supplied by the bone metastatic niche. Transwell and co‐culture studies showed that human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) express tenascin‐W protein after exposure to factors secreted by MDA‐MB231‐1833 breast cancer cells. To study tenascin‐W gene regulation, we identified and analyzed the tenascin‐W promoter as well as three evolutionary conserved regions in the first intron. 5′RACE analysis of mRNA from human breast cancer, glioblastoma and bone tissue showed a single tenascin‐W transcript with a transcription start site at a noncoding first exon followed by exon 2 containing the ATG translation start. Site‐directed mutagenesis of a SMAD4‐binding element in proximity of the TATA box strongly impaired promoter activity. TGFβ1 induced tenascin‐W expression in human BMSCs through activation of the TGFβ1 receptor ALK5, while glucocorticoids were inhibitory. Our experiments show that tenascin‐W acts as a niche component for breast cancer metastasis to bone by supporting cell migration and cell proliferation of the cancer cells. What's new? Once breast cancer metastasizes, it is generally incurable. Proteins in the extracellular matrix play a crucial role in launching the tumor cells to a new site. These authors investigated one such protein, tenascin‐W, which can be found surrounding not only tumor cells but also in bone tissue. Among other things, they studied how breast cancer cells affected tenascin‐W expression. The tumor cells induced bone marrow stromal cells to make more tenascin‐W, suggesting that the protein may pave the way for the cancer to spread to the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Chiovaro
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Martina
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Bottos
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nancy E Hynes
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Pippenger BE, Ventura M, Pelttari K, Feliciano S, Jaquiery C, Scherberich A, Walboomers XF, Barbero A, Martin I. Bone-forming capacity of adult human nasal chondrocytes. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:1390-9. [PMID: 25689393 PMCID: PMC4459852 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasal chondrocytes (NC) derive from the same multipotent embryological segment that gives rise to the majority of the maxillofacial bone and have been reported to differentiate into osteoblast-like cells in vitro. In this study, we assessed the capacity of adult human NC, appropriately primed towards hypertrophic or osteoblastic differentiation, to form bone tissue in vivo. Hypertrophic induction of NC-based micromass pellets formed mineralized cartilaginous tissues rich in type X collagen, but upon implantation into subcutaneous pockets of nude mice remained avascular and reverted to stable hyaline-cartilage. In the same ectopic environment, NC embedded into ceramic scaffolds and primed with osteogenic medium only sporadically formed intramembranous bone tissue. A clonal study could not demonstrate that the low bone formation efficiency was related to a possibly small proportion of cells competent to become fully functional osteoblasts. We next tested whether the cues present in an orthotopic environment could induce a more efficient direct osteoblastic transformation of NC. Using a nude rat calvarial defect model, we demonstrated that (i) NC directly participated in frank bone formation and (ii) the efficiency of survival and bone formation by NC was significantly higher than that of reference osteogenic cells, namely bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. This study provides a proof-of-principle that NC have the plasticity to convert into bone cells and thereby represent an easily available cell source to be further investigated for craniofacial bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Pippenger
- Departments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Ventura
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Karoliina Pelttari
- Departments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Feliciano
- Departments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claude Jaquiery
- Departments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Departments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - X Frank Walboomers
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Barbero
- Departments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Departments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Papadimitropoulos A, Scotti C, Bourgine P, Scherberich A, Martin I. Engineered decellularized matrices to instruct bone regeneration processes. Bone 2015; 70:66-72. [PMID: 25260931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant progress in the field of bone tissue engineering, cell-based products have not yet reached the stage of clinical adoption. This is due to the uncertain advantages from the standard-of-care, combined with challenging cost-and regulatory-related issues. Novel therapeutic approaches could be based on exploitation of the intrinsic regenerative capacity of bone tissue, provided the development of a deeper understanding of its healing mechanisms. While it is well-established that endogenous progenitors can be activated toward bone formation by overdoses of single morphogens, the challenge to stimulate the healing processes by coordinated and controlled stimulation of specific cell populations remains open. Here, we review the recent approaches to generate osteoinductive materials based on the use of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM) as reservoirs of multiple factors presented at physiological doses and through the appropriate ligands. We then propose the generation of customized engineered and decellularized ECM (i) as a tool to better understand the processes of bone regeneration and (ii) as safe and effective "off-the-shelf" bone grafts for clinical use. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Stem Cells and Bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Papadimitropoulos
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Cellec Biotek AG, Vogesenstrasse 135, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Celeste Scotti
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy
| | - Paul Bourgine
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
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Klar AS, Güven S, Biedermann T, Luginbühl J, Böttcher-Haberzeth S, Meuli-Simmen C, Meuli M, Martin I, Scherberich A, Reichmann E. Tissue-engineered dermo-epidermal skin grafts prevascularized with adipose-derived cells. Biomaterials 2014; 35:5065-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Largo RD, Tchang LA, Mele V, Scherberich A, Harder Y, Wettstein R, Schaefer DJ. Efficacy, safety and complications of autologous fat grafting to healthy breast tissue: A systematic review. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2014; 67:437-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bourgine P, Le Magnen C, Pigeot S, Geurts J, Scherberich A, Martin I. Combination of immortalization and inducible death strategies to generate a human mesenchymal stromal cell line with controlled survival. Stem Cell Res 2014; 12:584-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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48
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Tremp M, Meyer Zu Schwabedissen M, Kappos EA, Engels PE, Fischmann A, Scherberich A, Schaefer DJ, Kalbermatten DF. The regeneration potential after human and autologous stem cell transplantation in a rat sciatic nerve injury model can be monitored by MRI. Cell Transplant 2013; 24:203-11. [PMID: 24380629 DOI: 10.3727/096368913x676934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic nerve injuries are a major clinical challenge. Tissue engineering using a combination of nerve conduits and cell-based therapies represents a promising approach to nerve repair. The aim of this study was to examine the regeneration potential of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) after transplantation in a nonautogenous setting and to compare them with autogenous rat ASCs (rASCs) for early peripheral nerve regeneration. Furthermore, the use of MRI to assess the continuous process of nerve regeneration was elaborated. The sciatic nerve injury model in female Sprague-Dawley rats was applied, and a 10-mm gap created by using a fibrin conduit seeded with the following cell types: rASCs, Schwann cell (SC)-like cells from rASC, rat SCs (rSCs), hASCs from the superficial and deep abdominal layer, as well as human stromal vascular fraction (1 × 10(6) cells). As a negative control group, culture medium only was used. After 2 weeks, nerve regeneration was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Furthermore, MRI was performed after 2 and 4 weeks to monitor nerve regeneration. Autogenous ASCs and SC-like cells led to accelerated peripheral nerve regeneration, whereas the human stem cell groups displayed inferior results. Nevertheless, positive trends could be observed for hASCs from the deep abdominal layer. By using a clinical 3T MRI scanner, we were able to visualize the graft as a small black outline and small hyperintensity indicating the regenerating axon front. Furthermore, a strong correlation was found between the length of the regenerating axon front measured by MRI and the length measured by immunocytochemistry (r = 0.74, p = 0.09). We successfully transplanted and compared human and autologous stem cells for peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. Furthermore, we were able to implement the clinical 3T MRI scanner to monitor the efficacy of cellular therapy over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Tremp
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Handsurgery, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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Mehrkens A, Di Maggio N, Gueven S, Schaefer D, Scherberich A, Banfi A, Martin I. Non-adherent mesenchymal progenitors from adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 20:1081-8. [PMID: 24164328 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In primary human bone marrow cultures, the initial adherent cell fraction has been shown to provide a microenvironment for self-renewal of primitive non-adherent mesenchymal progenitors (non-adherent progenitors of bone marrow stroma [BM-NAMP]), with increased differentiation potential compared to adherent colony-forming units-fibroblast (CFU-f). The present study investigates whether NAMP exist also in cultures of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells derived from human adipose tissue. Adipose-tissue NAMP (AT-NAMP) were shown to be stably non-adherent and their number correlated with the number of the initial adhering CFU-f. Unlike BM-NAMP, AT-NAMP did not propagate in suspension in serial replating experiments and the number of colonies steadily decreased with each replating step. However, when AT-NAMP were kept on the initially adhering SVF cells, they could significantly expand without loss of clonogenic, proliferation, and differentiation potential. Although AT-NAMP progeny differentiated into mesodermal lineages similar to that of adherent CFU-f, it was enriched in early mesenchymal progenitor populations, characterized by increased expression of SSEA-4 and CD146. Furthermore, FGF-2 supported AT-NAMP survival and could not be replaced by another mitogenic factor, such as platelet derived growth factor BB. In conclusion, these data suggest that the SVF adherent fraction provides niche signals that regulate the expansion of adipose non-adherent mesenchymal progenitors with the maintenance of their potency. The biological differences described between BM- and AT-NAMP further qualify the properties of the stroma from different tissues and will be relevant for the selection of a cell source for specific regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Mehrkens
- Departments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital , Basel, Switzerland
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Heng BC, Heinimann K, Miny P, Iezzi G, Glatz K, Scherberich A, Zulewski H, Fussenegger M. mRNA transfection-based, feeder-free, induced pluripotent stem cells derived from adipose tissue of a 50-year-old patient. Metab Eng 2013; 18:9-24. [PMID: 23542141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Revised: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have successfully been derived from somatic fibroblasts through transfection of synthetic modified mRNA encoding transcription factors. This technique obviates the use of recombinant DNA and viral vectors in cellular reprogramming. The present study derived iPSC from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (of a 50-year-old female patient) by utilizing a similar technique, but with defined culture medium without feeder cells, during both reprogramming and propagation. Clonal selection was performed to yield 12 putative iPSC lines from individual colonies of nascent reprogrammed cells, starting from 150,000 cells. However, only seven lines maintained their undifferentiated state after 10 continuous serial passages. These seven lines were then subjected to a rigorous battery of analyses to confirm their identity as iPSC. These tests included immunostaining, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, in vitro differentiation assay, and teratoma formation assay within SCID mice. Positive results were consistently observed in all analyses, thus verifying the cells as fully reprogrammed iPSC. While all 7 iPSC lines displayed normal karyogram up to passage 13, chromosomal anomalies occurred in 4 of 7 lines with extended in vitro culture beyond 24 serial passages. Only three lines retained normal karyotype of 46,XX. The remaining four lines displayed mosaicism of normal and abnormal karyotypes. Hence, this study successfully derived iPSC from abundant and easily accessible adipose tissues of a middle-aged patient; utilizing a mRNA-based integration-free technique under feeder-free conditions. This is a step forward in translating iPSC into personalized regenerative medicine within the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boon Chin Heng
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering-D-BSSE, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
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