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Liu H, Cheng Y, Chu J, Wu M, Yan M, Wang D, Xie Q, Ali F, Fang Y, Wei L, Yang Y, Shen A, Peng J. Baicalin attenuates angiotensin II-induced blood pressure elevation and modulates MLCK/p-MLC signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112124. [PMID: 34492423 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is an extensively used medicinal herb for the treatment of hypertension in traditional Chinese medicine. Baicalin, is an important flavonoid in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extracts, which exhibits therapeutic effects on anti-hypertension, but its underlying mechanisms remain to be further explored. Therefore, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of Baicalin on anti-hypertension. In vivo studies revealed that Baicalin treatment significantly attenuated the elevation in blood pressure, the pulse propagation and thickening of the abdominal aortic wall in C57BL/6 mice infused with Angiotensin II (Ang II). Moreover, RNA-sequencing and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses identified 537 differentially expressed transcripts and multiple enriched signaling pathways (including vascular smooth muscle contraction and calcium signaling pathway). Consistently, we found that Baicalin pretreatment significantly alleviated the Ang II induced constriction of abdominal aortic ring, while promoted NE pre-contracted vasodilation of abdominal aortic ring at least partly dependent on L-type calcium channel. In addition, Ang II stimulation significantly increased cell viability and PCNA expression, while were attenuated after Baicalin treatment. Moreover, Baicalin pretreatment attenuated Ang II-induced intracellular Ca2+ release, Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) expression and activation of MLCK/p-MLC pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The present work further addressed the pharmacological and mechanistic insights on anti-hypertension of Baicalin, which may help better understand the therapeutic effect of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on anti-hypertension.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II
- Animals
- Aorta, Abdominal/drug effects
- Aorta, Abdominal/enzymology
- Aorta, Abdominal/physiopathology
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Hypertension/chemically induced
- Hypertension/enzymology
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Hypertension/prevention & control
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myosin Light Chains/metabolism
- Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Rats, Wistar
- Mice
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Jianfeng Chu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Meizhu Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Mengchao Yan
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Di Wang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Qiurong Xie
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Farman Ali
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China.
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2
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Para I, Albu A, Porojan MD. Adipokines and Arterial Stiffness in Obesity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57070653. [PMID: 34202323 PMCID: PMC8305474 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57070653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adipokines are active molecules with pleiotropic effects produced by adipose tissue and involved in obesity-related metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Arterial stiffness, which is a consequence of arteriosclerosis, has been shown to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of arterial stiffness is complex but incompletely understood. Adipokines dysregulation may induce, by various mechanisms, vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular remodeling, leading to increased arterial stiffness. This article summarizes literature data regarding adipokine-related pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the development of arterial stiffness, particularly in obesity, as well as the results of clinical and epidemiological studies which investigated the relationship between adipokines and arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Para
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adriana Albu
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mihai D. Porojan
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Sarafian R, Morato-Marques M, Borsoi J, Tófoli-Araújo F, Pinheiro M, Medina-Armenteros Y, Lotufo PA, Bensenor IM, Pereira LV. Generation of 6 lines of human pluripotent stem cells from hypertensive patients and 3 lines of human pluripotent stem cell from normotensive patients. Stem Cell Res 2021; 53:102384. [PMID: 34088012 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a complex multifactorial disease characterized by a chronic increase of arterial pressure. Ninety percent of the cases are idiopathic and thus classified as essential hypertension. Uncontrolled arterial pressure has devasting consequences including cardiac insufficiency, stroke, dementia, chronic renal disease, ischemic heart disease and death. The hiPSC lines described here from six hypertensive patients and three controls were characterized according to established criteria and were shown to maintain pluripotency, differentiation into the three germ layers and genomic integrity. These cell lines can contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in hypertension in different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Sarafian
- National Laboratory for Embryonic Stem Cells (LaNCE), Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Mariana Morato-Marques
- National Laboratory for Embryonic Stem Cells (LaNCE), Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Juliana Borsoi
- National Laboratory for Embryonic Stem Cells (LaNCE), Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Tófoli-Araújo
- National Laboratory for Embryonic Stem Cells (LaNCE), Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Mara Pinheiro
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Yordanka Medina-Armenteros
- National Laboratory for Embryonic Stem Cells (LaNCE), Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Lotufo
- Center of Clinical and Epidemiologic Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Isabela M Bensenor
- Center of Clinical and Epidemiologic Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Lygia V Pereira
- National Laboratory for Embryonic Stem Cells (LaNCE), Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil.
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4
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Baradaran Rahimi V, Askari VR, Hosseinzadeh H. Promising influences of Scutellaria baicalensis and its two active constituents, baicalin, and baicalein, against metabolic syndrome: A review. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3558-3574. [PMID: 33590943 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is known as a group of metabolic abnormalities with features including central obesity, insulin resistance, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension as well as low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. Previous studies showed the ameliorating effects of Scutellaria baicalensis on metabolic syndrome parameters, including antidiabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-obesity, and antihypertensive. In this review, we deeply and mechanistically evaluated different studies on the effect of S. baicalensis and its two major bioactive constituents, baicalin, and baicalein, on the critical components of metabolic syndrome, including diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched in the English language until the end of June 2020. Accordingly, S. baicalensis, and its two major bioactive constituents, baicalin and baicalein, represent promising effects on the control of metabolic syndrome and its related disorders such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and their following complications. In summary, our findings show that S. baicalensis and its active constituents, baicalin and baicalein, by activation and upregulation of AMPK and PPAR-γ as the main signaling in the hemostasis of glucose and lipid metabolisms may be favorable candidates for the prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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5
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Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Vascular Cell Communications in Hypertension: Mechanism Insights and Therapeutic Potential of ncRNAs. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 36:157-172. [PMID: 32964302 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension, a chronic and progressive disease, is an outstanding public health issue that affects nearly 40% of the adults worldwide. The increasing prevalence of hypertension is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite of the available treatment medications, an increasing number of hypertensive individuals continues to have uncontrolled blood pressure. In the vasculature, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and adventitial fibroblasts play a fundamental role in vascular homeostasis. The aberrant interactions between vascular cells might lead to hypertension and vascular remodeling. Identification of the precise mechanisms of vascular remodeling may be highly required to develop effective therapeutic approaches for hypertension. Recently, extracellular vesicle-mediated transfer of proteins or noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) between vascular cells holds promise for the treatment of hypertension. Especially, extracellular vesicle-packaging ncRNAs have gained enormous attention of basic and clinical scientists because of their tremendous potential to act as novel clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets of hypertension. Here we will discuss the current findings focusing on the emerging roles of extracellular vesicle-carrying ncRNAs in the pathologies of hypertension and its associated vascular remodeling. Furthermore, we will highlight the potential of extracellular vesicles and ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for hypertension. The future research directions on the challenges and perspectives of extracellular vesicles and ncRNAs in hypertensive vascular remodeling are also proposed.
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Ionov MV, Zhukova OV, Yudina YS, Avdonina NG, Emelyanov IV, Kurapeev DI, Zvartau NE, Konradi AO. Value-based approach to blood pressure telemonitoring and remote counseling in hypertensive patients. Blood Press 2020; 30:20-30. [PMID: 32954832 DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2020.1813015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Blood pressure telemonitoring and remote counselling (BPTM) improves blood pressure (BP) control in patients with hypertension (HTN). Studies assessing the efficacy of BPTM from a value-based perspective are lacking. We investigated whether BPTM fits all principles of the value-based approach (clinical and economic effectiveness, improvement in patient-reported outcome/experience measures (PROM/PREM)). MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred and forty ambulatory patients with uncontrolled HTN were randomised in a 2: 1 manner to BPTM (n = 160, mean age 47 y.o.) and usual care (UC, n = 80; 49 y.o.) with baseline and 3-month follow-up clinic visits. BPTM employed a mobile application (for patients) and a desktop version (for clinician), which allowed communication and exchange of medical data. The main outcomes were changes in office and ambulatory systolic (S) BPs, rate of BP control. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) were evaluated in economic analysis. The MOS SF-36 score was taken as a PROM, and the PEQ score was used as a PREM. RESULTS Larger decreases in office and ambulatory SBPs (-16.8 and -8.9 mm Hg, respectively; p < .05) was achieved in BPTM group while the treatment intensity was equal (2.4 drugs). The ICER 11.1 EUR/-1 mm Hg 24-hour SBP/1 year was 75% effective as per willingness-to-pay threshold. BPTM improved PROM (+2.1 in mean MOS SF-36; p = .04), reduced long-term mortality (+0.11 life years gained), leading to +0.49 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained as compared with UC. The ICUR was 4 169.4 EUR/QALY gained. Patient-reported experience was higher in the BPTM (+10 PEQ, p = .01). The UC group showed minor changes in MOS SF-36 and PEQ (+1.3; +6, respectively; p n.s.). CONCLUSIONS Being cost-effective, BPTM incorporates both clinical benefits and patient-perceived value. Larger randomised studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Ionov
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Institute of Translational Medicine, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Olga V Zhukova
- Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia S Yudina
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Natalya G Avdonina
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Emelyanov
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitri I Kurapeev
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Institute of Translational Medicine, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda E Zvartau
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Institute of Translational Medicine, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra O Konradi
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Institute of Translational Medicine, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Oyagbemi AA, Omobowale TO, Adejumobi OA, Owolabi AM, Ogunpolu BS, Falayi OO, Hassan FO, Ogunmiluyi IO, Asenuga ER, Ola-Davies OE, Soetan KO, Saba AB, Adedapo AA, Nkadimeng SM, McGaw LJ, Oguntibeju OO, Yakubu MA. Antihypertensive power of Naringenin is mediated via attenuation of mineralocorticoid receptor (MCR)/ angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)/ kidney injury molecule (Kim-1) signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 880:173142. [PMID: 32422184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a condition with chronic elevation of blood pressure and a common preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease with attendant global morbidity and mortality. The present study investigated the novel antihypertensive and neuroprotective effect of Naringenin on L-NG-Nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induced hypertension together with possible molecular mechanism of action. Rats were divided into four groups. Rats in Group A were normotensive. The hypertensive group (Group B) received 40 mg/kg) of L-NAME alone while Groups C and D were concurrently administered Naringenin (50 mg/kg) or Lisinopril (10 mg/Kg) together with L-NAME orally for 3 weeks. Blood pressure parameters, markers of oxidative stress and renal damage were measured. The immunohistochemistry of kidney injury molecule 1, mineralocorticoid receptor and angiotensin converting enzyme were also determined. Results indicated significant increases in malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, protein carbonyl contents and decrease in serum nitric oxide bioavailability in hypertensive rats. Furthermore, there were significant increases in serum myeloperoxidase, urinary creatinine, albumin and blood urea nitrogen in hypertensive rats in comparison to hypertensive rats treated with either Naringenin or Lisinopril. Immunohistochemistry reveal significant expressions of kidney injury molecule 1, mineralocorticoid receptor and angiotensin converting enzyme in hypertensive rats. However, co-treatment with either Naringenin or Lisinopril mitigated both renal and neuronal oxidative stress, normalized blood pressure and lowered the expressions of kidney injury molecule 1, mineralocorticoid receptor and angiotensin converting enzyme. Collectively, Naringenin offered a novel antihypertensive and neuroprotective effect through down regulation of kidney injury molecule 1, mineralocorticoid receptor and angiotensin converting enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | | | | | - Abiodun Mary Owolabi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Blessing Seun Ogunpolu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Olubunmi Falayi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Fasilat Oluwakemi Hassan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Ebunoluwa Racheal Asenuga
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Benin, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Eunice Ola-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde Olugboyega Soetan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adebowale Benard Saba
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeolu Alex Adedapo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Science, University of Pretoria Faculty of Veterinary Science, Old Soutpan Road, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - Lyndy Joy McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Science, University of Pretoria Faculty of Veterinary Science, Old Soutpan Road, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju
- Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Momoh Audu Yakubu
- Department of Environmental & Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering & Technology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
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Aggile K, Alagumuthu M, Kumar P, Napoleon AA. Improved multicomponent, one‐pot synthesis of functionalized tetrahydropyrans cardiovascular dysfunction regulators. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kadirappa Aggile
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced SciencesVellore Institute of Technology Vellore India
- Chemical Research DepartmentMicrolabs Ltd Bangalore India
| | - Manikandan Alagumuthu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and TechnologyVellore Institute of Technology Vellore India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Chemical Research DepartmentMicrolabs Ltd Bangalore India
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9
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Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors on Arterial Stiffness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Cardiovasc Ther 2020; 2020:7056184. [PMID: 32190121 PMCID: PMC7068147 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7056184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the effects of ACEIs on arterial stiffness, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted. Relevant articles that investigated the effects of ACEIs on arterial stiffness from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library from inception to September 2018 were systematically retrieved. The investigated outcomes included brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) and carotid-femoral PWV (cf-PWV) by using weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with the random-effects model. A total of 17 RCTs including 1,458 individuals were included. The summary results indicated no significant differences between ACEIs and control for ba-PWV and cf-PWV. Also, no significant differences between ACEI and control for ba-PWV and cf-PWV were observed in hypertensive patients, while the therapeutic effects of ACEI versus placebo showed statistically significant difference. Moreover, subgroup analysis indicated that the levels of ba-PWV were significantly associated if the study was conducted in Western countries, mean age <60.0 years, percentage male ≥60.0%, compared with ARBs, baseline PWV <10.0, and high-quality study. Furthermore, the significant levels of cf-PWV in patients who received ACEIs were observed when percentage male was ≥60.0% and the studies were of high-quality. Finally, no significant differences were observed between ACEIs and other antihypertensive drugs regarding the changes of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The overall analysis suggested no significant differences between ACEIs and other antihypertensive drugs for ba-PWV and cf-PWV levels, whereas ACEIs versus placebo showed lower levels of ba-PWV and cf-PWV.
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10
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Wu D, Ding L, Tang X, Wang W, Chen Y, Zhang T. Baicalin Protects Against Hypertension-Associated Intestinal Barrier Impairment in Part Through Enhanced Microbial Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1271. [PMID: 31719823 PMCID: PMC6826474 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired intestinal barrier plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension primarily through promoting the development of chronic low-grade inflammation. Baicalin is the major flavonoid component of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a medicinal plant commonly used for the treatment of inflammatory intestinal disorders and hypertension in traditional Chinese medicine. However, it remains to be elucidated whether baicalin alleviates hypertension-associated intestinal barrier impairment. The current study thus investigated the effects of baicalin on the intestinal barrier integrity, the intestinal expression of genes encoding proinflammatory factors and tight junction proteins, the serum levels of the inflammatory markers, the amount of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria in the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The results showed that baicalin alleviated the pathological lesions in the ilium and the proximal colon in the SHRs. Baicalin treatment resulted in decreased ileal and colonic expression of proinflammatory genes in the SHRs. In addition, baicalin treatment attenuated hypertension-associated intestinal hyperpermeability and decreased the serum levels of inflammatory indicators such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 1 beta, and IL-6 in the SHRs. The protective effect of baicalin on the intestinal integrity was also supported by well-preserved intestinal ultrastructure and increased intestinal expression of genes encoding tight junction proteins such as zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), cingulin, and occludin in the SHRs. Lastly, baicalin treatment increased the amount of fecal SCFAs and the abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria in the SHRs. In conclusion, the work here provides for the first time the morphological, biochemical, and molecular evidence supporting the protective effects of baicalin on the intestinal integrity in the SHRs, which may help better understand the therapeutic effects of S. baicalensis Georgi in the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wu
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liliqiang Ding
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Tang
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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11
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Wu D, Tang X, Ding L, Cui J, Wang P, Du X, Yin J, Wang W, Chen Y, Zhang T. Candesartan attenuates hypertension-associated pathophysiological alterations in the gut. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:109040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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12
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Ding L, Jia C, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhu W, Chen Y, Zhang T. Baicalin relaxes vascular smooth muscle and lowers blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 111:325-330. [PMID: 30590320 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is an extensively used medicinal herb for the treatment of hypertension in traditional Chinese medicine. Baicalin is the most abundant flavone compound present in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and endothelium-dependent vascular activities of baicalin have been suggested. However, the pharmacological implications and mechanisms of baicalin under hypertensive conditions remain to be investigated. The current study examined the blood pressure-lowering effect of baicalin in a spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model. Moreover, vascular activities and mechanisms of baicalin were investigated under hypertensive conditions. The results demonstrate that baicalin treatment lowers the blood pressure in SHRs in vivo. Ex vivo vascular reactivity assay reveals that baicalin relaxes phenylephrine (PE)-constricted SHR aortas in an endothelium-independent manner. Baicalin attenuates Angiotensin II (Ang II) or potassium chloride (KCl)-induced vasoconstriction in SHR aortas as well. Baicalin also relaxes SHR aortas in the presence of different Ca2+ channel blockers such as nifedipine and SKF96365 in response to PE-induced constriction. Most importantly, ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) blockade partially abrogated the vasorelaxant effect of baicalin. In summary, the current study demonstrates for the first time that intracellular Ca2+ regulation in vascular smooth muscle is mechanistically implicated in the vasorelaxant effect of baicalin under hypertensive conditions. Furthermore, activated KATP channels are in part required for the vasorelaxant effect of baicalin under hypertensive conditions. Thus, the work here sheds novel pharmacological and mechanistic insights into the blood pressure-lowering effect of baicalin, which may help better understand the therapeutic application of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliqiang Ding
- Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglin Jia
- Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Teng Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Akbari H, Asadikaram G, Vakili S, Masoumi M. Atorvastatin and losartan may upregulate renalase activity in hypertension but not coronary artery diseases: The role of gene polymorphism. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9159-9171. [PMID: 30548657 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim is to explore the treatment effect of coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension on plasma levels of renalase activity and also the possible association of renalase rs10887800 gene polymorphism with CAD and hypertension. A total of 286 patients who received coronary angiography were included in the study. Subjects were divided into four groups including (1) hypertensive with no CAD (H-Tens, n = 60); (2) CAD with hypertension (CAD + H-Tens, n = 71); (3) CAD with no hypertension (CAD, n = 61); and (4) nonhypertensive with no CAD as a control group (Con, n = 69). The plasma renalase activity was measured using the Amplex Red Monoamine Oxidase Assay Kit. Renalase rs10887800 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Atorvastatin (P = 0.005), losartan (P < 0.001), and captopril (P = 0.001) were administered significantly more in case groups compared with the Con group. Significant higher and lower levels of renalase activity were observed in H-Tens and CAD patients compared with control subjects (P < 0.001 for both comparisons). Furthermore, no significant differences were obtained in the risk or protective effects of renalase rs10887800 SNP against hypertension and/or CAD in both recessive and dominant genetic models (P > 0.05). According to the findings of the present study, atorvastatin and losartan therapy assumes considerable significance in alleviating hypertension, but not CAD, by increasing the renalase activity. Furthermore, it was found that renalase rs10887800 is less likely a predisposing factor for susceptibility to hypertension and/or CAD in an Iranian southeast population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Akbari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Asadikaram
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sina Vakili
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Masoumi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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14
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Joel CH, Sutopo CCY, Prajitno A, Su JH, Hsu JL. Screening of Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Caulerpa lentillifera. Molecules 2018; 23:E3005. [PMID: 30453595 PMCID: PMC6278394 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23113005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides with angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity have received considerable interest due to their potential as antihypertensive agents and consumer concern over the safety of synthetic drugs. The objective of this study was to isolate ACE inhibitory (ACEI) peptides from Caulerpa lentillifera (known commonly as sea grape) protein hydrolysate. In this study, short-chain peptides were obtained after hydrolysis by various enzymes and subsequently by ultrafiltration. Thermolysin hydrolysate showed the highest ACEI activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation was performed using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) to uncover the fraction 9 with the highest ACE inhibitory activity from thermolysin hydrolysate. Peptides in this fraction were further identified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis coupled with de novo sequencing, which gave two oligopeptides, FDGIP (FP-5) and AIDPVRA (AA-7). The identities and activities of these two peptides were further confirmed using synthetic peptides. Their IC50 values were determined as 58.89 ± 0.68 µM and 65.76 ± 0.92 µM, respectively. Moreover, the inhibition kinetics revealed that both FP-5 and AA-7 are competitive inhibitors. These activities were further explained using molecular docking simulation. The present study is the first report about ACEI peptides derived from Caulerpa lentillifera and it shows the potential for preventing hypertension and for functional food development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesarea Hulda Joel
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia.
| | - Christoper C Y Sutopo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia.
| | - Arief Prajitno
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia.
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
| | - Jue-Liang Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Austronesian Medicine and Agriculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
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15
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Chant B, Bakali M, Hinton T, Burchell AE, Nightingale AK, Paton JF, Hart EC. Antihypertensive Treatment Fails to Control Blood Pressure During Exercise. Hypertension 2018; 72:102-109. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Chant
- From the Bristol Heart Institute (BHI) CardioNomics Research Group, Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, School of Physiology, Pharmacology, Neuroscience (B.C., M.B., T.H., J.F.R.P., E.C.H.)
| | - Majda Bakali
- From the Bristol Heart Institute (BHI) CardioNomics Research Group, Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, School of Physiology, Pharmacology, Neuroscience (B.C., M.B., T.H., J.F.R.P., E.C.H.)
| | - Thomas Hinton
- From the Bristol Heart Institute (BHI) CardioNomics Research Group, Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, School of Physiology, Pharmacology, Neuroscience (B.C., M.B., T.H., J.F.R.P., E.C.H.)
| | - Amy E. Burchell
- Department of Cardiology, Bristol Heart Institute, University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (A.E.B., A.K.N.)
| | - Angus K. Nightingale
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences (A.K.N.), University of Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Bristol Heart Institute, University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (A.E.B., A.K.N.)
| | - Julian F.R. Paton
- From the Bristol Heart Institute (BHI) CardioNomics Research Group, Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, School of Physiology, Pharmacology, Neuroscience (B.C., M.B., T.H., J.F.R.P., E.C.H.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Grafton, New Zealand (J.F.R.P.)
| | - Emma C. Hart
- From the Bristol Heart Institute (BHI) CardioNomics Research Group, Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, School of Physiology, Pharmacology, Neuroscience (B.C., M.B., T.H., J.F.R.P., E.C.H.)
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16
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Khan NA, Rabkin SW, Zhao Y, McAlister FA, Park JE, Guan M, Chan S, Humphries KH. Effect of Lowering Diastolic Pressure in Patients With and Without Cardiovascular Disease. Hypertension 2018; 71:840-847. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure thresholds, below which cardiovascular events increase, are widely debated. Using data from the SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial), we evaluated the relation between systolic and diastolic pressure and cardiovascular events among 1519 participants with or 7574 without prior cardiovascular disease. Using Cox regression, we examined the composite risk of myocardial infarction, other acute coronary syndrome, stroke, heart failure, or cardiovascular death, and follow-up systolic and diastolic pressure were analyzed as time-dependent covariates for a median of 3.1 years. Models were adjusted for age, sex, baseline systolic pressure, body mass index, 10-year Framingham risk score, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. A J-shaped relationship with diastolic pressure was observed in both treatment arms in patients with or without cardiovascular disease (
P
nonlinearity≤0.002). When diastolic pressure fell <55 mm Hg, the hazards were at least 25% higher relative to 70 mm Hg (
P
=0.29). The hazard ratios (95% CI) of diastolic pressure <55 mm Hg versus 55 to 90 mm Hg were 1.68 (1.16–2.43),
P
value 0.006 and 1.52 (0.99–2.34),
P
value 0.06 in patients without and with prior cardiovascular disease, respectively. After adjusting for follow-up diastolic pressure, follow-up systolic pressure was not associated with the outcome in those without prior cardiovascular disease (
P
=0.64). In those with cardiovascular disease, adjusting for diastolic pressure, follow-up systolic pressure was associated with the risk in the intensive arm (hazard ratio per 10 mm Hg decrease, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.75–0.99;
P
interaction=0.02). Although the observed J-shaped relationship may be because of reverse causality in the SPRINT population, we advise caution in aggressively lowering diastolic pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia A. Khan
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Science Canada (N.A.K.) and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.W.R., S.C., K.H.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Improved Cardiovascular Health, Vancouver, Canada (Y.Z., J.E.P., M.G., K.H.H.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.A.M.)
| | - Simon W. Rabkin
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Science Canada (N.A.K.) and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.W.R., S.C., K.H.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Improved Cardiovascular Health, Vancouver, Canada (Y.Z., J.E.P., M.G., K.H.H.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.A.M.)
| | - Yinshan Zhao
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Science Canada (N.A.K.) and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.W.R., S.C., K.H.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Improved Cardiovascular Health, Vancouver, Canada (Y.Z., J.E.P., M.G., K.H.H.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.A.M.)
| | - Finlay A. McAlister
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Science Canada (N.A.K.) and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.W.R., S.C., K.H.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Improved Cardiovascular Health, Vancouver, Canada (Y.Z., J.E.P., M.G., K.H.H.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.A.M.)
| | - Julie E. Park
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Science Canada (N.A.K.) and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.W.R., S.C., K.H.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Improved Cardiovascular Health, Vancouver, Canada (Y.Z., J.E.P., M.G., K.H.H.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.A.M.)
| | - Meijiao Guan
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Science Canada (N.A.K.) and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.W.R., S.C., K.H.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Improved Cardiovascular Health, Vancouver, Canada (Y.Z., J.E.P., M.G., K.H.H.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.A.M.)
| | - Sammy Chan
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Science Canada (N.A.K.) and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.W.R., S.C., K.H.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Improved Cardiovascular Health, Vancouver, Canada (Y.Z., J.E.P., M.G., K.H.H.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.A.M.)
| | - Karin H. Humphries
- From the Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Science Canada (N.A.K.) and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.W.R., S.C., K.H.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Improved Cardiovascular Health, Vancouver, Canada (Y.Z., J.E.P., M.G., K.H.H.); and Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.A.M.)
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review will examine the implications for perioperative management of new hypertension guidelines and place these in the context of findings from recent large observational studies. RECENT FINDINGS Recent hypertension guidelines highlight the role of ambulatory blood pressure measurement with the implication that isolated preoperative blood pressure measurements are of limited value. There is emerging evidence from large observational studies that both preoperative and intraoperative hypotension are associated with increased risk. It is not clear if this is a particular concern for hypertensive patients. SUMMARY Assessment of the hypertensive surgical patient should include blood pressure measurements taken using the correct technique. Preoperative blood pressures of less than 180/100 mmHg are not grounds for deferring surgery in the absence of active comorbid disease. Evidence to guide the perioperative management of patients with higher pressures is scanty and decisions should be made on a case-by-case basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon James Howell
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Clinical Sciences Building, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF UK
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18
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Quindry JC, Franklin BA. Cardioprotective Exercise and Pharmacologic Interventions as Complementary Antidotes to Cardiovascular Disease. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2018; 46:5-17. [PMID: 28885265 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exercise and pharmacologic therapies to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease have advanced largely through independent efforts. Understanding of first-line drug therapies, findings from preclinical animal studies, and the need for research initiatives related to complementary cardioprotective exercise-pharma interventions are reviewed from the premise that contemporary cardioprotective therapies must include adjunctive exercise and lifestyle interventions in addition to pharmacologic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Quindry
- Health and Human Performance, University of Montana, Missoula, MT
| | - Barry A Franklin
- Health and Human Performance, University of Montana, Missoula, MT
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19
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Effects of combination therapy with candesartan and ramipril on hypertension and related complications. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-017-0339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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