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Ojha S, Chappa S, Mhatre AM, Singh KK, Debnath AK, Pandey AK. Poly(ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate) grafting on silica shell formed on magnetite nanoparticles: applications to selective sequestration of f-element ions. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6228-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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O'Hara MJ, Addleman RS. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for the collection and direct measurement of adsorbed alpha-emitting radionuclides from environmental waters by liquid scintillation analysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2017; 9:2791-2804. [PMID: 31156721 PMCID: PMC6541455 DOI: 10.1039/c7ay00247e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Radioactive contamination, be it from accidental or intentional release, can create an urgent need to assess water and food supplies and the environment, and monitor human health. In the event of such an emergency, rapid and efficient methods may be needed to assess contamination levels in scores of samples within a short time frame. Internalized exposure to radionuclides that decay by alpha (α) emission can be especially hazardous, given the strongly ionizing nature of the α particle. Unfortunately, the determination of α-emitting radionuclides using traditional radioanalytical methods is typically labor and resource intensive and time consuming. In an effort to devise methods that are fast, require little labor and laboratory expendables, and minimize the use of toxic or corrosive reagents, researchers at PNNL have evaluated superparamagnetic nanoparticles as extracting agents for α-emitting radionuclides from chemically unmodified and acidified (pH 2) aqueous systems. It is demonstrated that bare magnetite nanoparticles exhibit strong affinity for two representative α-emitting radionuclides (241Am and 210Po) from two representative aqueous matrices (river and ground water). Furthermore, use of the superparamagnetic properties of these nanomaterials to concentrate the analyte-bearing solids from the bulk aqueous solution has been demonstrated. The nanoparticle concentrate can be either directly dispensed into a scintillation cocktail, or first dissolved and then added to a scintillation cocktail as a solution for an α-emission assay by liquid scintillation analysis. Despite the severe quenching caused by the metal oxide suspensions in the cocktail, the authors have demonstrated that modern liquid scintillation analyzers can report accurate α activity count rates; the upper limits of nanoparticle suspension concentrations in a cocktail are reported for cases wherein normal instrument count mode and a quench correction protocol are used. Discussions are provided on the presented sample processing and analysis method, the improvement (lowering) of minimum detectable activity concentrations using the nanoparticle-based assay method, and the quenching effects of nanoparticle suspensions in a scintillation cocktail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J O'Hara
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - R Shane Addleman
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
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Actinides selective extractants coated magnetite nanoparticles for analytical applications. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chouyyok W, Warner CL, Mackie KE, Warner MG, Gill GA, Addleman RS. Nanostructured Metal Oxide Sorbents for the Collection and Recovery of Uranium from Seawater. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b03650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wilaiwan Chouyyok
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Cynthia L. Warner
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Katherine E. Mackie
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Marvin G. Warner
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Gary A. Gill
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Marine Sciences Laboratory, Sequim, Washington 98383, United States
| | - R. Shane Addleman
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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Paul S, Pandey AK, Shah RV, Alamelu D, Aggarwal SK. Superparamagnetic bi-functional composite bead for the thermal ionization mass spectrometry of plutonium(iv) ions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18419c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Single resin bead-based thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) offers numerous advantages for Pu(iv) determinations in complex aqueous samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumana Paul
- Fuel Chemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400 085
- India
| | - Ashok K. Pandey
- Radiochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400 085
- India
| | - Raju V. Shah
- Fuel Chemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400 085
- India
| | - D. Alamelu
- Fuel Chemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400 085
- India
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O'Hara MJ, Carter JC, Warner CL, Warner MG, Addleman RS. Magnetic iron oxide and manganese-doped iron oxide nanoparticles for the collection of alpha-emitting radionuclides from aqueous solutions. RSC Adv 2016; 6:105239-105251. [PMID: 31354950 DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22262e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles are well known to possess chemically active surfaces and large surface areas that can be employed to extract a range of ions from aqueous solutions. Additionally, their superparamagnetic properties provide a convenient means for bulk collection of the material from solution after the targeted ions have been adsorbed. Herein, two nanoscale amphoteric metal oxides, each possessing useful magnetic attributes, were evaluated for their ability to collect trace levels of a chemically diverse range of alpha emitting radioactive isotopes (polonium (Po), radium (Ra), uranium (U), and americium (Am)) from a wide range of aqueous solutions. The nanomaterials include commercially available magnetite (Fe3O4) and magnetite modified to incorporate manganese (Mn) into the crystal structure. The chemical stability of these nanomaterials was evaluated in Hanford Site, WA ground water between the natural pH (~8) and pH 1. Whereas the magnetite was observed to have good stability over the pH range, the Mn-doped material was observed to leach Mn at low pH. The materials were evaluated in parallel to characterize their uptake performance of the alpha-emitting radionuclide spikes from ground water across a range of pH (from ~8 down to 2). In addition, radiotracer uptake experiments were performed on Columbia River water, seawater, and human urine at their natural pH and at pH 2. Despite the observed leaching of Mn from the Mn-doped nanomaterial in the lower pH range, it exhibited generally superior analyte extraction performance compared to the magnetite, and analyte uptake was observed across a broader pH range. We show that the uptake behavior of the various radiotracers on these two materials at different pH levels can generally be explained by the amphoteric nature of the nanoparticle surfaces. Finally, the rate of sorption of the radiotracers on the two materials in unacidified ground water was evaluated. The uptake curves generally indicate that equilibrium is obtained within a few minutes, which is attributed to the high surface areas of the nanomaterials and the high level of dispersion in the liquids. Overall, the results indicate that these nanomaterials may have the potential to be employed for a range of applications to extract radionuclides from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J O'Hara
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Jennifer C Carter
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Cynthia L Warner
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Marvin G Warner
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - R Shane Addleman
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
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Application of magnetic nanoparticles for the extraction of radium-226 from water samples. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2604-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Johnson BE, Santschi PH, Chuang CY, Otosaka S, Addleman RS, Douglas M, Rutledge RD, Chouyyok W, Davidson JD, Fryxell GE, Schwantes JM. Collection of lanthanides and actinides from natural waters with conventional and nanoporous sorbents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:11251-11258. [PMID: 23030048 DOI: 10.1021/es204192r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Effective collection of trace-level lanthanides and actinides is advantageous for recovery and recycling of valuable resources, environmental remediation, chemical separations, and in situ monitoring. Using isotopic tracers, we have evaluated a number of conventional and nanoporous sorbent materials for their ability to capture and remove selected lanthanides (Ce and Eu) and actinides (Th, Pa, U, and Np) from fresh and salt water systems. In general, the nanostructured materials demonstrated a higher level of performance and consistency. Nanoporous silica surface modified with 3,4-hydroxypyridinone provided excellent collection and consistency in both river water and seawater. The MnO(2) materials, in particular the high surface area small particle material, also demonstrated good performance. Other conventional sorbents typically performed at levels below the nanostructured sorbents and demonstrate a larger variability and matrix dependency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce E Johnson
- Department of Marine Science, Texas A&M University, Galveston, Texas 77553, USA
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Warner CL, Chouyyok W, Mackie KE, Neiner D, Saraf LV, Droubay TC, Warner MG, Addleman RS. Manganese doping of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: tailoring surface reactivity for a regenerable heavy metal sorbent. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:3931-3937. [PMID: 22329500 DOI: 10.1021/la2042235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A method for tuning the analyte affinity of magnetic, inorganic nanostructured sorbents for heavy metal contaminants is described. The manganese-doped iron oxide nanoparticle sorbents have a remarkably high affinity compared to the precursor material. Sorbent affinity can be tuned toward an analyte of interest simply by adjustment of the dopant quantity. The results show that following the Mn doping process there is a large increase in affinity and capacity for heavy metals (i.e., Co, Ni, Zn, As, Ag, Cd, Hg, and Tl). Capacity measurements were carried out for the removal of cadmium from river water and showed significantly higher loading than the relevant commercial sorbents tested for comparison. The reduction in Cd concentration from 100 ppb spiked river water to 1 ppb (less than the EPA drinking water limit of 5 ppb for Cd) was achieved following treatment with the Mn-doped iron oxide nanoparticles. The Mn-doped iron oxide nanoparticles were able to load ~1 ppm of Cd followed by complete stripping and recovery of the Cd with a mild acid wash. The Cd loading and stripping is shown to be consistent through multiple cycles with no loss of sorbent performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia L Warner
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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