Kreitzer N, Adeoye O, Wade SL, Kurowki BG, Thomas S, Gillespie L, Bakas T. Iterative Development of the Caregiver Wellness After Traumatic Brain Injury Program (CG-Well).
J Head Trauma Rehabil 2023;
38:E424-E436. [PMID:
36951450 PMCID:
PMC10517076 DOI:
10.1097/htr.0000000000000869]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES
(1) To iteratively design a web/phone-based intervention to support caregivers of adults acutely following traumatic brain injury (TBI), Caregiver Wellness (CG-Well), and (2) to obtain qualitative and quantitative feedback on CG-Well from experts and caregivers to refine the intervention.
SETTING
A level I trauma and tertiary medical center.
PARTICIPANTS
Convenience sample of a total of 19 caregivers and 25 experts.
DESIGN
Multistep prospective study with iterative changes to CG-Well: (1) developed intervention content based on qualitative feedback from a prior study and literature review; (2) obtained qualitative feedback from 10 experts; (3) refined content using a modified Delphi approach involving 4 caregivers and 6 experts followed by qualitative interviews with 9 caregivers; (4) designed CG-Well website and videos; and (5) obtained feedback on program acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility from 6 caregivers and 9 experts.
INTERVENTIONS
CG-Well included content on TBI, self-care and support, and skill-building strategies delivered through a website and telephone calls.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Caregivers and experts completed Likert-type scales to rate module relevance, clarity, accuracy, utility and website acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree). Means and standard deviations (SD) characterized ratings.
RESULTS
Qualitative findings were instrumental in designing and refining CG-Well. Ratings were positive for modules (means and SD for relevant [4.9, 0.33], clear [4.6, 0.53], accurate [4.9, 0.33], and useful [5, 0]) and the website (means and SD for acceptable [4.8, 0.36], appropriate [4.8, 0.35], and feasible [4.8, 0.36]).
CONCLUSIONS
The iterative design process for CG-Well resulted in a highly acceptable program. An early-stage randomized controlled trial is underway to estimate treatment effects for a future well-powered clinical trial.
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