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Doroodgar F, Alizadeh F, Niazi S, Razavi SM, Jalilian N, Azarnezhad A, Niazi F, Javadi MA, Del Barrio JA, Dehghani S, Moshirfar M, Gatzioufas Z, Ambrósio R, Alio JL. Inflammatory and genomic interactions within keratoconus susceptible patients: a nationwide registered case-control study. EYE AND VISION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 11:40. [PMID: 39354641 PMCID: PMC11446043 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-024-00407-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the association between variants in the interleukin (IL)-1 gene cluster and susceptibility to keratoconus (KC) in an Iranian population. METHODS In the case group, there were 188 KC patients diagnosed by clinical findings and corneal tomography. The control group included all 205 healthy controls with no personal or family history of eye-related, metabolic, or immune system-related disease. Using the standard salting out extraction procedure, genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes. The genotypes were determined by applying agarose gel electrophoresis for the IL-1RN 86 bp VNTR and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for rs16944 and rs1143634. RESULTS The results showed a significant association between the IL-1β rs1143634 (rs1143634 T allele, P = 0.008) and IL-1RN 86 bp VNTR polymorphisms (LL and LS genotype, P = 0.048 and 0.012 respectively) and susceptibility to KC in the Iranian population. The genotype distributions of rs1143634 (P = 0.004) and rs2234663 (P = 0.042) significantly differed between case and control groups, with certain genotypes demonstrating a protective effect against KC. Logistic regression analysis revealed a protective effect of the IL-1RN L allele [odds ratio (OR) = 0.367, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.240-0.562; P = 0.000] and certain haplotypes (OR = 0.628, 95% CI: 0.447-0.884; P = 0.007) against KC. However, no significant association was found for the IL-1β rs16944 polymorphism. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for an association between variants in the IL-1 gene cluster and susceptibility to KC in an Iranian population. Further research on larger and more diverse populations is warranted to validate these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Doroodgar
- Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Negah Aref Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alizadeh
- Department of Genomic Psychiatry and Behavioural Genomics (DGPBG), School of Medicine, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sana Niazi
- Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Negah Aref Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Maryam Razavi
- Department of Genomic Psychiatry and Behavioural Genomics (DGPBG), School of Medicine, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Jalilian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Asaad Azarnezhad
- Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Feizollah Niazi
- Faculty Member, Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Modarres Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Javadi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Labbafinezhad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shima Dehghani
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Majid Moshirfar
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Zisis Gatzioufas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Renato Ambrósio
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jorge L Alio
- Division of Ophthalmology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
- Vissum Miranza Alicante, Calle Cabanal1, 03016, Alicante, Spain.
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Syed ZA, Tomaiuolo M, Zhang Q, Prajna V, Hyman L, Rapuano CJ. Trends and Sociodemographic Patterns in Keratoconus Management 2015-2020: An American Academy of Ophthalmology IRIS® Registry Analysis. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:892-901. [PMID: 38310973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Investigate trends in keratoconus (KCN) treatment patterns and diagnosis age from 2015 to 2020 and evaluate sociodemographic associations with the treatment approach. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Patients with a new KCN diagnosis from 2015 to 2020 were identified in the Academy IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight). METHODS Associations between sociodemographic factors and treatment were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes included percentages and rates of each treatment (collagen crosslinking [CXL], keratoplasty, or no procedure) from 2015 to 2020, age at diagnosis during this period, and sociodemographic factors associated with treatment type. RESULTS A total of 66 199 patients with a new diagnosis of KCN were identified. The percentage of patients undergoing CXL increased from 0.05% in 2015 to 29.5% in 2020 (P = 0.008). The average age (standard deviation) of KCN patients decreased from 44.1 (±16.9) years in 2015 to 39.2 (±16.9) years in 2020 (P < 0.001). In multivariable analyses comparing CXL versus no procedure and keratoplasty versus no procedure, patients undergoing CXL tended to be younger with the odds of having CXL decreasing with increasing age, for example, comparing CXL and no procedure patients, using ages 0-20 years as reference, the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) decreased from 0.62 (0.57-0.67; P < 0.0001) for patients aged 21-40 years to 0.03 (0.02-0.04; P < 0.0001) for patients aged > 60 years. Men were more likely than women to have CXL (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.23-1.40; P < 0.0001) and keratoplasty (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.19-1.42; P < 0.0001). Black patients were less likely than White patients to have CXL (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.63-0.77; P < 0.0001) and more likely to have keratoplasty (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 2.01-2.50; P < 0.0001). Likewise, Hispanic patients had higher odds of CXL (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.00-1.24; P < 0.05) and keratoplasty (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.12-1.50; P < 0.001) compared with non-Hispanic patients. Collagen crosslinking and keratoplasty also varied by region and insurance status. CONCLUSIONS A significant increase in use of CXL was noted from 2015 to 2020. Sociodemographic differences in treatment among KCN patients may reflect differences in access, use, or care patterns, and future studies should aim to identify strategies to improve access for all patients. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeba A Syed
- Cornea Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Maurizio Tomaiuolo
- Vickie and Jack Farber Vision Research Center at Wills Eye, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Vickie and Jack Farber Vision Research Center at Wills Eye, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Leslie Hyman
- Vickie and Jack Farber Vision Research Center at Wills Eye, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Lombardo M, Alunni Fegatelli D, Serrao S, Vestri A, Lombardo G. Estimated prevalence of keratoconus in the largest metropolitan area of Italy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024; 34:649-655. [PMID: 38425220 DOI: 10.1177/11206721241235984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the prevalence of keratoconus in a population of subjects undergoing first eye examination in an eye clinic in Italy. METHODS A single-center, cross-sectional, study was conducted involving patients who underwent first eye examination at an eye clinic in Rome between September 2021 and June 2022. The prevalence of keratoconus was determined by Placido-disk corneal topography using the maximum keratometry (Kmax) value and the Cone Magnitude and Location Index (CLMI) for keratoconus screening. Subjective analysis was performed by two experienced corneal specialists, who classified the outcome into two groups: normal and keratoconus. Risk factors, including family history of keratoconus, allergy or atopy, thyroid disease, eye rubbing habit and gender were also examined. RESULTS A total of 512 subjects between 7 and 81 years old were evaluated. The inter-observer agreement to classify subjects in normal or keratoconus group was excellent (k = 1.0); the estimated prevalence in the specific population was 2.1%. Presence of positive family history (9% of keratoconus vs 5% normal), concomitant allergy or atopy (27% vs 9%) and eye rubbing habit (18% vs 4%) were associated with a higher risk of disease. CONCLUSION This study reported a high estimated prevalence of keratoconus in a metropolitan area of Italy, as found in recent studies in the Mediterranean and Middle East countries. Screening for keratoconus is highly recommendable and easily feasible with corneal topography under expert supervision and may be indicated primarily in young population to improve early detection and prompt therapeutic management for halting disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lombardo
- Studio Italiano di Oftalmologia, Via Livenza 3, 00198, Rome, Italy
- Vision Engineering Italy srl, Via Livenza 3, 00198, Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Alunni Fegatelli
- Department of Public health and Infectious diseases, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Serrao
- Studio Italiano di Oftalmologia, Via Livenza 3, 00198, Rome, Italy
- Vision Engineering Italy srl, Via Livenza 3, 00198, Rome, Italy
| | - Annarita Vestri
- Department of Public health and Infectious diseases, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lombardo
- Vision Engineering Italy srl, Via Livenza 3, 00198, Rome, Italy
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 37, 98158, Messina, Italy
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de Azevedo Magalhães O, Pagano BN, Grellmann LV, Zago VS, Kronbauer CL. Prevalence of Keratoconus Among High School Students in Southern Brazil: A Community-Based Study. Eye Contact Lens 2024; 50:117-120. [PMID: 38345062 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000001066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the prevalence of keratoconus (KC) in teenagers who live in Southern Brazil and detect any possible associated factors. METHODS This prospective, observational, mobile clinic-based cross-sectional study collected data from students between 14 and 21 years from seven high schools who were living in the Greater Porto Alegre metropolitan region in Southern Brazil. Subjects were clinically surveyed and examined using a slitlamp and rotational Scheimpflug corneal tomography system. All data were collected at the mobile clinic during a single visit. RESULTS Eight-hundred twenty-six students were evaluated (357 boys and 469 girls) with an average age of 16.7±1.2 years. Six subjects were classified as having KC (four girls), yielding a prevalence rate of 0.73% (95% confidence interval, 0.27%-1.57%) or one per 137 teenagers in Southern Brazil. Logistic regression showed an association between KC and positive history of eye rubbing ( P =0.02). CONCLUSION According to our investigation, this is the first KC prevalence study in South America using the latest technologies (Scheimpflug imaging). The prevalence of KC among teenagers in Southern Brazil is within the highest reported worldwide. We also found an association between KC and history of eye rubbing. Keratoconus is not an uncommon disorder in our population, and the efforts to identify the disease and reduce its risk factors in an earlier phase are justified.
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Marx-Gross S, Fieß A, Münzel T, Wild PS, Beutel ME, Schmidtmann I, Lackner KJ, Pfeiffer N, Schuster AKG. Much higher prevalence of keratoconus than announced results of the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS). Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:3241-3247. [PMID: 37314521 PMCID: PMC10264871 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratoconus appears to be a rare corneal disease with a prevalence previously estimated at 1:2000. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of keratoconus in a large German cohort and to evaluate possible associated factors. METHOD In the population-based, prospective, monocentric cohort study, Gutenberg Health Study, 12,423 subjects aged 40-80 years were examined at the 5-year follow-up. Subjects underwent a detailed medical history and a general and ophthalmologic examination including Scheimpflug imaging. Keratoconus diagnosis was performed in two steps: all subjects with conspicuous TKC analysis of corneal tomography were included in further grading. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to investigate association with age, sex, BMI, thyroid hormone, smoking, diabetes, arterial hypertension, atopy, allergy, steroid use, sleep apnea, asthma, and depression. RESULTS Of 10,419 subjects, 75 eyes of 51 subjects were classified as having keratoconus. The prevalence for keratoconus in the German cohort was 0.49% (1:204; 95% CI: 0.36-0.64%) and was approximately equally distributed across the age decades. No gender predisposition could be demonstrated. Logistic regression showed no association between keratoconus and age, sex, BMI, thyroid hormone, smoking, diabetes, arterial hypertension, atopy, allergy, steroid use, sleep apnea, asthma, and depression in our sample. CONCLUSION The prevalence of keratoconus disease in a mainly Caucasian population is approximately tenfold higher than previously reported in the literature using latest technologies (Scheimpflug imaging). Contrary to previous assumptions, we did not find associations with sex, existing atopy, thyroid dysfunction, diabetes, smoking, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Marx-Gross
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- Artemis Augenzentrum Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany.
- MVZ of University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz GmbH, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Achim Fieß
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center for Cardiology , Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Sebastian Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Elmar Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irene Schmidtmann
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl Johannes Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Karl-Georg Schuster
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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Hicks PM, Armstrong ML, Woodward MA. Current social determinants of health and social risk factors in conditions of the cornea: a scoping review. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2023; 34:324-333. [PMID: 37097186 PMCID: PMC10247394 DOI: 10.1097/icu.0000000000000960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To achieve health equity in eye health and vision care, social determinants of health (SDoH) and the associated social risk factors must be addressed. To address SDoH and social risk factors in ophthalmology, they must first be identified. The purpose of this review was to determine the SDoH and social risk factors in conditions of the cornea that have most recently been explored. RECENT FINDINGS This review identified social risk factors associated with all five domains of SDoH, as outlined by Healthy People 2030. The neighborhood and built environment was the domain identified the most for both exploration and observation. The social and community context domain was the least explored, and healthcare access and quality and social and community context domains were the least observed. The cornea condition explored the most in relation to SDoH was dry eye syndrome. SUMMARY The findings from this review can inform clinicians on the social risk factors that could be screened for in eye care facilities, so patients can be connected with services to minimize the impact of social risk factors on cornea conditions. Furthermore, the findings have identified cornea conditions and domains of SDoH that are understudied which can be an area for future studies by vision researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice M. Hicks
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Maria A. Woodward
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Unni P, Lee HJ. Systemic Associations with Keratoconus. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1363. [PMID: 37374145 DOI: 10.3390/life13061363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratoconus is a disease of the cornea that results in progressive steepening and thinning of the cornea and subsequent vision loss. It nearly always presents as a bilateral disease, suggesting that there is an underlying abnormality of the corneas that becomes manifest with time. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of keratoconus are largely unknown. Associations reported between keratoconus and systemic diseases are abundant in the literature, and the list of possible associations is very long. We found that atopy, Down syndrome, and various connective tissue diseases were the most frequently cited associations in our broad literature search. Additionally, Diabetes Mellitus has been increasingly studied as a possible protective factor against keratoconus. In this review, we have summarized the evidence for and against these particular systemic conditions and keratoconus and have discussed some of the implications of keratoconus patients having these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasida Unni
- Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Hyunjoo Jean Lee
- Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Nicula CA, Bulboacă AE, Nicula D, Nicula AP, Horvath KU, Bolboacă SD. Performances of Corneal Topography and Tomography in the Diagnosis of Subclinical and Clinical Keratoconus. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:904604. [PMID: 35721077 PMCID: PMC9204599 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.904604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of the study was to assess the efficacy of topographical and tomographical indices given by the Pentacam (pachymetric, tomopetric, and aberometric) in clinical and subclinical keratoconus (KCN) diagnosis. Material and Methods In this observational analytic retrospective study, patients with abnormal findings in topography and tomography maps but with no signs on clinical examination (subclinical KCN group, sKCN), patients with clinical keratoconus (KCN group), and healthy subjects (Control group) were evaluated. Results The KCN group proved significantly different (p < 0.001) values of the investigated parameters than the Control group. Eleven out of 28 investigated parameters proved significantly different in the sKCN group compared to controls (p < 0.001). Two topographic measurements, namely I-S (cut-off = 1.435, a large value indicates the presence of KCN) and CCT (cut-off = 537, a small value indicates the presence of KCN), showed AUCs equal to 1 [0.999 to 1]. Six other Pentacam measurements, including Back maximum keratometry (Back Kmax) proved to be excellent parameters for case-finding and screening. In distinguishing sKCN from normal eyes, Pentacam index of vertical asymmetry (IVA), inferior-superior difference (I-S) value, thinnest point (TP), Belin Ambrosio Enhanced Ectasia Display (BAD_D) and root mean square total (RMS total) performed best. Conclusions In distinguishing sKCN from normal eyes, Back Kmax, IVA, I-S, and RMS total values demonstrated higher accuracy and utility. Six indices, namely ISV, IVA, KISA, PRC, RMS-HOA, and Back Kmax demonstrate excellent utility in case-finding and screening for clinical KCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ariadna Nicula
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" Medicine and Pharmacy University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Oculens Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Elena Bulboacă
- Department of Physiopathology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" Medicine and Pharmacy University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | | | - Karin Ursula Horvath
- Department of Ophthalmology, "George Emil Palade" University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Sorana D Bolboacă
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, "Iuliu Haţieganu" Medicine and Pharmacy University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Hiraoka T, Kiuchi G, Hiraoka R, Oshika T. Clinical performance of a custom-designed soft contact lens in patients with keratoconus and intolerance to rigid contact lenses. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2022; 66:350-357. [PMID: 35670923 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-022-00924-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of YOUSOFT® soft contact lens (CL) (TOMEY-CL) in patients with keratoconus and intolerance to rigid CLs. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective observational study. METHODS Thirty-six eyes of 20 patients (14 men and 6 women) with keratoconus and rigid CL intolerance were included in the study. Four patients were unilateral. The mean age was 33.1 ± 11.7 (± standard deviation) years, the mean spherical refractive error was - 4.99 ± 3.97 D, and the mean cylindrical refractive error was - 3.39 ± 2.13 D. The following examinations were performed at baseline and were repeated at every visit; refractometry, visual acuity, corneal topography and pachymetry with an anterior OCT system. Corneal endothelial cell density was evaluated at baseline and every 6 months. Slit-lamp examination was also performed to confirm the CL condition and ocular health at every visit. RESULTS Seventeen patients (85%) were able to continue using the Yousoft. Among 3 patients (15%) who dropped out, 2 were dissatisfied with their visual outcomes and one had trouble with lens handling. Uncorrected visual acuity was 1.08 ± 0.43 (range: 0.22 to 2.00) logMAR at baseline, and best CL-corrected visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.15 (range: - 0.18 to 0.40) logMAR, showing a significant improvement after wearing Yousoft (P < 0.0001). The endothelial cell density did not change significantly, with 2373 ± 482 at baseline and 2402 ± 464 cells/mm2 at the latest visit after lens prescription (P = 0.351). There were no severe complications such as corneal infiltrates or infectious keratitis throughout the study period. CONCLUSIONS This study showed the efficacy and acceptable safety of Yousoft for patients with keratoconus and intolerance to rigid CLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Hiraoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Gaku Kiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Reia Hiraoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Oshika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
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Yuan S, Li D, Ma M, Zhou L, Ma Z, Shi B, Zhang S, Li H, Sheng X, Liu J. Evaluating the association between MPDZ-NF1B rs1324183 and keratoconus in an independent northwestern Chinese population. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:129. [PMID: 35305607 PMCID: PMC8934471 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Keratoconus (KC) is a complex, non-inflammatory corneal degenerative disease. Although numerous studies have analyzed the correlation of SNP rs1324183, which located in MPDZ-NF1B gene, and KC in different populations, only few findings were repeated. In this study, to evaluate the association between rs1324183 and KC in a new independent Chinese population, we performed a replication study of the significantly associated rs1324183. Methods In total of 114 unrelated KC patients and 88 unrelated controls were recruited from Ningxia, China. We detected the genotypes and alleles of rs1324183 using PCR technology and Sanger sequencing and also analyzed the association between this locus and KC, its clinical parameters by statistical methods. Results The frequency of genotype AA (11, 9.6%) and genotypes containing allele A (47, 41.2%) of rs1324183 in KC were both higher than those of the control group. And genotype AA of rs1324183 conferred a higher risk of KC (OR > 1). Moreover, corneal parameter Belin/Ambrósio enhanced ectasia display final D value (BAD-D) had significant correlation (p = 0.002) with AA genotype of rs1324183 in KC. Conclusions Our replication study indicates that the results of rs1324183 associated with KC in our population is robust and further better illustrates the significance of BAD-D as a diagnostic indicator for KC. rs1324183 should be considered as the first genetic mark of KC risk in its future diagnosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12886-022-02359-1.
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