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Chen B, Liu X, Wu S, Hou J, Shang P, Chamba Y, Mehmood K, Fouad D, Li Y, Zhang H. Inhalation of ammonia promotes apoptosis and induces autophagy in hepatocytes via Bax/BCl-2 and m-TOR/ATG5/LC-3bII axes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169036. [PMID: 38061639 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is an irritating gas and atmospheric pollutant that endangers the health of humans and animals by stimulating respiratory tract's mucosa and causing liver damage. However, physiological role of ammonia gas in hepatotoxicity remains unclear. To investigate the hepatotoxic effects of inhaled ammonia gas, experiments were conducted using mouse model exposed to 100 ppm of ammonia gas for 21 days. The exposed mice exhibited signs of depression, emaciation, and reduced growth. This study revealed that inhalation of ammonia led to significant decrease in water (P < 0.0001) and food intake (P < 0.05), resulting in slower growth. Histopathological analysis showed that ammonia stress alters the microstructure of the liver by enlarging the gap between hepatic lobule and fibrosis. Moreover, ammonia-induced stress significantly reduces the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein BCl-2 (P < 0.001), while elevates the mRNA expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax (P < 0.001). Furthermore, ammonia inhalation significantly increases the protein expression of LC-3bII (P < 0.05) and the mRNA expression of autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) (P < 0.05) and p62 (P < 0.05) while remarkably decreases the mRNA expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (m-TOR) (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that inhalation of ammonia gas causes liver damage and suggests autophagy happening via m-TOR/p62/LC-3bII and pro-apoptosis effect mediated by Bax/BCl-2 in the liver damage caused by ammonia inhalation. Our study provides a new perspective on ammonia-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shouyan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junhong Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Peng Shang
- Animal Science College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Yangzom Chamba
- Animal Science College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Soltanzadeh A, Mahdinia M, Nikbakht N, Hosseinzadeh K, Sadeghi-Yarandi M. Evaluation of human vulnerability and toxic effects of chronic and acute occupational exposure to ammonia: A case study in an ice factory. Work 2024; 78:1021-1033. [PMID: 38143407 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hazardous material release has frequently occurred worldwide. As a respiratory stimulant and a toxic substance, ammonia has numerous adverse effects on human health. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the human vulnerability and toxic effects of both chronic and acute respiratory exposure to ammonia. METHODS This study was conducted in an ice factory. Ammonia reservoirs were selected as the danger center. The scenarios were evaluated from the perspective of the worst-case. The Emergency Response Planning Guidelines 1-3 was used to predict the dangerous concentrations in acute exposure. The probability of human vulnerability was estimated using the Probit model. PHAST 7.2 software was used to model consequences. As a measure of chronic exposure to ammonia, NMAM 6016 was used. A respiratory symptom questionnaire developed by the American Thoracic Society was used for collecting respiratory symptom histories. RESULTS The ERPG3 level or concentration of 750 ppm was found at a distance of 617.71 and 411.01 meters from tanks, respectively, as a result of a rupture in reservoir 1 over a period of two halves of the year. It was found that the highest probit values for tank 2 at distances of zero, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 meters were 9.55, 5.92, 5.47, 4.82, 4.23, 3.56 and 2.96, respectively. The prevalence of pulmonary symptoms, which include coughing, dyspnea, phlegm, and wheezing, was 28%, 19%, 15%, and 26% in the chronic exposure group. CONCLUSION In the event that an ammonia reservoir ruptures catastrophically, it may cause human injury at ERPG-2 or ERPG-3 levels. Results revealed that exposure to this substance can impose many pulmonary symptoms on the respiratory system of workers in industries. In order to reduce the vulnerability of humans to potential release scenarios, control measures must be implemented. Also, preventive and mitigation measures can be designed to enhance safety and resilience against the release of hazardous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Soltanzadeh
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mahdinia
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Neda Nikbakht
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kiana Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sadeghi-Yarandi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Soltanzadeh A, Mahdinia M, Golmohammadpour H, Pourbabaki R, Mohammad-Ghasemi M, Sadeghi-Yarandi M. Evaluating the potential severity of biogas toxic release, fire and explosion: consequence modeling of biogas dispersion in a large urban treatment plant. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2023; 29:335-346. [PMID: 35152844 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2041846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. Biogas production in treatment plants for energy generation has increased in recent years. This study aimed to model the consequence of biogas release in a large urban treatment plant. Methods. The study modeled biogas storage tank consequences in a large urban treatment plant in Iran. Due to potential for biogas harmfulness, three consequences of toxic release, fire and explosion were evaluated. Scenarios were evaluated in the worst-case situation. All modeling steps were performed using PHAST version 7.2. Results. In the case of catastrophic reservoir rupture in summer, distances of 3788.94, 128.86 and 91.72 m from the reservoir in the wind direction will be in the range of 100, 500 and 1000 ppm biogas, respectively. Study of pressure values due to explosion in the catastrophic rupture scenario revealed that distances of 57.19, 14.70 and 115.84 m from the biogas reservoir were in the range of 0.02, 0.13 and 0.2 bar pressure increase, respectively. Conclusion. Due to the treatment plant's location in a dense urban area, biogas dispersion could lead to exposure of many people to high-risk areas. Therefore, taking control measures comparable with the consequence modeling output can be a practical step toward reducing vulnerability against such incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Soltanzadeh
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Science, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mahdinia
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Science, Qom, Iran
| | - Hamedeh Golmohammadpour
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Pourbabaki
- Research committee, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Mohammad-Ghasemi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sadeghi-Yarandi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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de Sousa FC, Tinôco IDFF, Cruz VF, Barbari M, Saraz JAO, da Silva AL, Coelho DJDR, Baptista F. Potential for Ammonia Generation and Emission in Broiler Production Facilities in Brazil. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040675. [PMID: 36830464 PMCID: PMC9951733 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Air quality is one of the main factors that must be guaranteed in animal production. However, the measurement of pollutants is still a problem in several countries because the available methods are costly and do not always apply to the reality of the constructive typology adopted, as in countries with a hot climate, which adopt predominantly open facilities. Thus, the objective of the present study was to develop predictive models for the potential generation and emission of ammonia in the production of broiler chickens with different types of litter, different reuse cycles and under different climatic conditions. Samples of poultry litter from thirty commercial aviaries submitted to different air temperatures were analyzed. The experiment was conducted and analyzed in a completely randomized design, following a factorial scheme. Models were developed to predict the potential for generation and emission of ammonia, which can be applied in facilities with ambient conditions of air temperature between 25 and 40 °C and with wood shaving bed with up to four reuse cycles and coffee husks bed with up to six reuse cycles. The developed and validated models showed high accuracy indicating that they can be used to estimate the potential for ammonia generation and emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Campos de Sousa
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-31-3612-4013 (36570–900)
| | | | - Vasco Fitas Cruz
- Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, MED—Instituto Mediterrâneo para a Agricultura, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade de Évora, Évora 7000-849, Portugal
| | - Matteo Barbari
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (GESAAF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, 13-50145 Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Alex Lopes da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Diogo José de Rezende Coelho
- Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, MED—Instituto Mediterrâneo para a Agricultura, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade de Évora, Évora 7000-849, Portugal
| | - Fatima Baptista
- Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, MED—Instituto Mediterrâneo para a Agricultura, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade de Évora, Évora 7000-849, Portugal
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Van Duy L, Nguyet TT, Le DTT, Van Duy N, Nguyen H, Biasioli F, Tonezzer M, Di Natale C, Hoa ND. Room Temperature Ammonia Gas Sensor Based on p-Type-like V 2O 5 Nanosheets towards Food Spoilage Monitoring. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:146. [PMID: 36616056 PMCID: PMC9823630 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gas sensors play an important role in many areas of human life, including the monitoring of production processes, occupational safety, food quality assessment, and air pollution monitoring. Therefore, the need for gas sensors to monitor hazardous gases, such as ammonia, at low operating temperatures has become increasingly important in many fields. Sensitivity, selectivity, low cost, and ease of production are crucial characteristics for creating a capillary network of sensors for the protection of the environment and human health. However, developing gas sensors that are not only efficient but also small and inexpensive and therefore integrable into everyday life is a difficult challenge. In this paper, we report on a resistive sensor for ammonia detection based on thin V2O5 nanosheets operating at room temperature. The small thickness and porosity of the V2O5 nanosheets give the sensors good performance for sensing ammonia at room temperature (RT), with a relative change of resistance of 9.4% to 5 ppm ammonia (NH3) and an estimated detection limit of 0.4 ppm. The sensor is selective with respect to the seven interferents tested; it is repeatable and stable over the long term (four months). Although V2O5 is generally an n-type semiconductor, in this case the nanosheets show a p-type semiconductor behavior, and thus a possible sensing mechanism is proposed. The device's performance, along with its size, low cost, and low power consumption, makes it a good candidate for monitoring freshness and spoilage along the food supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Van Duy
- International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), No. 1, Dai Co Viet Street, Hanoi 10999, Vietnam
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele All’Adige, Italy
| | - To Thi Nguyet
- International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), No. 1, Dai Co Viet Street, Hanoi 10999, Vietnam
| | - Dang Thi Thanh Le
- International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), No. 1, Dai Co Viet Street, Hanoi 10999, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Duy
- International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), No. 1, Dai Co Viet Street, Hanoi 10999, Vietnam
| | - Hugo Nguyen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Division of Microsystems Technology, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen, 1751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele All’Adige, Italy
| | - Matteo Tonezzer
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele All’Adige, Italy
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, Università di Cagliari, Campus di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento/Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele All’Adige, Italy
| | - Corrado Di Natale
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Nguyen Duc Hoa
- International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), No. 1, Dai Co Viet Street, Hanoi 10999, Vietnam
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Transcriptome Revealed Exposure to the Environmental Ammonia Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Injury in Spleen of Fattening Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12091204. [PMID: 35565630 PMCID: PMC9101760 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ammonia is a major environmental pollutant. Previous estimates of ammonia emissions have focused on livestock sources in agricultural systems. Livestock continues to be the main source of ammonia emissions. Exposure to high concentrations of ammonia can cause varying degrees of damage to tissues and organs. However, the damage of ammonia exposure to the spleen of pigs in the fattening pigs is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the mechanism at the gene level of exogenous ammonia-induced spleen toxicity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), spleen histomorphological observation, and transcriptome technology. The results showed that ammonia exposure led to oxidative stress, activation of inflammatory pathways, and splenic injury. In addition, the genes that encode histone methyltransferase were found to be significantly upregulated. Therefore, histone methylation may be the epigenetic mechanism of splenic poisoning induced by ammonia. Our findings provide a novel direction for exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms of ammonia toxicity. Abstract Ammonia is one of the major environmental pollutants that seriously threaten human health. Although many studies have shown that ammonia causes oxidative stress and inflammation in spleen tissue, the mechanism of action is still unclear. In this study, the ammonia poisoning model of fattening pigs was successfully established. We examined the morphological changes and antioxidant functions of fattening pig spleen after 30-day exposure to ammonia. Effects of ammonia in the fattening pig spleen were analyzed from the perspective of oxidative stress, inflammation, and histone methylation via transcriptome sequencing technology (RNA-seq) and real-time quantitative PCR validation (qRT-PCR). We obtained 340 differential expression genes (DEGs) by RNA-seq. Compared with the control group, 244 genes were significantly upregulated, and 96 genes were significantly downregulated in the ammonia gas group. Some genes in Gene Ontology (GO) terms were verified and showed significant differences by qRT-PCR. The KEGG pathway revealed significant changes in the MAPK signaling pathway, which is strongly associated with inflammatory injury. To sum up, the results indicated that ammonia induces oxidative stress in pig spleen, activates the MAPK signaling pathway, and causes spleen necrosis and injury. In addition, some differential genes encoding epigenetic factors were found, which may be involved in the response mechanism of spleen tissue oxidative damage. The present study provides a transcriptome database of ammonia-induced spleen poisoning, providing a reference for risk assessment and comparative medicine of ammonia.
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