1
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Huang C, Liang C, Tong J, Zhong X, Luo L, Liang L, Wen Y, Zhong L, Deng J, Peng M, Wu W, Huang W, Xie A, Huang Y, Chen J. Soluble E-cadherin participates in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by promoting EMT and lung fibroblast migration. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:435-443. [PMID: 37792543 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad) is an 80 kDa fragment derived from E-cadherin that is shed from the cell surface through proteolytic cleavage and is a biomarker in various cancers that promotes invasion and migration. Alveolar epithelial destruction, aberrant lung fibroblast migration and inflammation contribute to pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we hypothesized that E-cadherin plays an important role in lung fibrosis. In this study, we found that E-cadherin was markedly increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum of mice with pulmonary fibrosis and that blocking sE-cad with HECD-1, a neutralizing antibody targeting the ectodomain of E-cadherin, effectively inhibited myofibroblast accumulation and collagen deposition in the lungs after bleomycin (BLM) exposure. Moreover, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1) induced the shedding of sE-cad from A549 cells, and treatment with HECD-1 inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) stimulated by TGF-β1. Fc-E-cadherin (Fc-Ecad), which is an exogenous form of sE-cad, robustly promoted lung fibroblast migration. E-cadherin participates in bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis by promoting EMT in the alveolar epithelium and fibroblast activation. E-cadherin may be a novel therapeutic target for lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowen Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Congmin Liang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinzhai Tong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xueying Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Lishan Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liping Liang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yuting Wen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Liandi Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jiongrui Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Ming Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Weiliang Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Anlun Xie
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanming Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangmen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jialong Chen
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
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2
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Could E-cadherin overexpression promote epithelial differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells by mediating mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition? Med Hypotheses 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2023.111016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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3
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Wang S, Lou N, Luo R, Hao X, Liu Y, Wang L, Shi Y, Han X. Role of chemokine-mediated angiogenesis in resistance towards crizotinib and its reversal by anlotinib in EML4-ALK positive NSCLC. J Transl Med 2022; 20:248. [PMID: 35642002 PMCID: PMC9153090 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of early plasma biomarkers for clinical outcomes and drug resistance has key importance for risk stratification in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Moreover, it remains unclear whether the anti-angiogenic drug anlotinib can reverse the resistance of ALK-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ALK-TKI) crizotinib, and no research has explored the effect of anlotinib combined with crizotinib on ALK-positive patients. METHODS In this study, 76 baseline and longitudinal plasma samples from 61 ALK-positive NSCLC patients receiving crizotinib treatment were analyzed by Luminex liquid suspension chip for 40 chemokines. RNA sequence (RNA-seq) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between H3122 and H3122-crizotinib resistant (H3122CR) cells. Tube formation assay was performed to investigate the effect of chemokines on angiogenesis. And H3122CR-derived xenograft model was constructed to validate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with crizotinib in vivo. RESULTS Baseline and progression plasma samples detection suggested that CCL20 played a crucial role in monitoring and predicting the clinical response of crizotinib (hazard ratio for progression-free survival: 2.27 (1.13-4.58); for overall survival: 2.7 (1.23-5.8)). RNA-seq results for H3122 and H3122CR cells showed that high expression of chemokines and angiogenesis pathways were involved in crizotinib resistance. Subsequently, in vitro experiments indicated that CCL20 may induce crizotinib resistance by activation of angiogenesis via JAK2/STAT3-CCL20-VEGFA/IL6 axis. We further found that anti-angiogenic TKI anlotinib could reverse crizotinib resistance by inhibiting chemokines-induced angiogenesis, and anlotinib combined with crizotinib has a better antitumor effect than monotherapy in vitro & in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Overall, CCL20-mediated angiogenesis is involved in crizotinib resistance and could be overcome by using anlotinib in EML4-ALK positive NSCLC. The combination of anlotinib and crizotinib is a promising strategy for patients resistant to ALK-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ning Lou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Rongrong Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xuezhi Hao
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study On Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No. 17, Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study On Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No. 17, Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study On Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No. 17, Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yuankai Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study On Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No. 17, Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Xiaohong Han
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research & Evaluation of Drug, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical PK & PD Investigation for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.1, Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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4
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Disentangling cadherin-mediated cell-cell interactions in collective cancer cell migration. Biophys J 2022; 121:44-60. [PMID: 34890578 PMCID: PMC8758422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell dispersion from a confined area is fundamental in a number of biological processes, including cancer metastasis. To date, a quantitative understanding of the interplay of single-cell motility, cell proliferation, and intercellular contacts remains elusive. In particular, the role of E- and N-cadherin junctions, central components of intercellular contacts, is still controversial. Combining theoretical modeling with in vitro observations, we investigate the collective spreading behavior of colonies of human cancer cells (T24). The spreading of these colonies is driven by stochastic single-cell migration with frequent transient cell-cell contacts. We find that inhibition of E- and N-cadherin junctions decreases colony spreading and average spreading velocities, without affecting the strength of correlations in spreading velocities of neighboring cells. Based on a biophysical simulation model for cell migration, we show that the behavioral changes upon disruption of these junctions can be explained by reduced repulsive excluded volume interactions between cells. This suggests that in cancer cell migration, cadherin-based intercellular contacts sharpen cell boundaries leading to repulsive rather than cohesive interactions between cells, thereby promoting efficient cell spreading during collective migration.
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5
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Ramos-Inza S, Ruberte AC, Sanmartín C, Sharma AK, Plano D. NSAIDs: Old Acquaintance in the Pipeline for Cancer Treatment and Prevention─Structural Modulation, Mechanisms of Action, and Bright Future. J Med Chem 2021; 64:16380-16421. [PMID: 34784195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The limitations of current chemotherapeutic drugs are still a major issue in cancer treatment. Thus, targeted multimodal therapeutic approaches need to be strategically developed to successfully control tumor growth and prevent metastatic burden. Inflammation has long been recognized as a hallmark of cancer and plays a key role in the tumorigenesis and progression of the disease. Several epidemiological, clinical, and preclinical studies have shown that traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exhibit anticancer activities. This Perspective reports the most recent outcomes for the treatment and prevention of different types of cancers for several NSAIDs alone or in combination with current chemotherapeutic drugs. Furthermore, an extensive review of the most promising structural modifications is reported, such as phospho, H2S, and NO releasing-, selenium-, metal complex-, and natural product-NSAIDs, among others. We also provide a perspective about the new strategies used to obtain more efficient NSAID- or NSAID derivative- formulations for targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ramos-Inza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Carolina Ruberte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
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6
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Gu Y, Wang C, Chen S, Tang J, Guo X, Hu W, Cui A, Zhang D, Yu K, Chen M. A Critical Role of Peptidylprolyl Isomerase A Pseudogene 22/microRNA-197-3p/Peptidylprolyl Isomerase A Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:604461. [PMID: 33790943 PMCID: PMC8006304 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.604461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide is increasing over time, while the underlying molecular mechanism of HCC development is still under exploration. Pseudogenes are classified as a special type of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and they played a vital role in regulating tumor-associated gene expression. Here, we report that a pseudogene peptidylprolyl isomerase A pseudogene 22 (PPIAP22) and its parental gene peptidylprolyl isomerase A (PPIA) were upregulated in HCC and were associated with the clinical outcomes of HCC. Further investigation revealed that PPIAP22 might upregulate the expression of PPIA through sponging microRNA (miR)-197-3p, behaving as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). PPIA could participate in the development of HCC by regulating mRNA metabolic process and tumor immunity based on the functional enrichment analysis. We also found a strong correlation between the expression levels of PPIA and the immune cell infiltration or the expression of chemokines, especially macrophage, C-C motif chemokine ligand 15 (CCL15), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12). Our findings demonstrate that the PPIAP22/miR-197-3p/PPIA axis plays a vital role in the progression of HCC by increasing the malignancy of tumor cells and regulating the immune cell infiltration, especially macrophage, through CCL15-CCR1 or CXCL12-CXCR4/CXCR7 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Gu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Emergency Department, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengsen Chen
- Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - An Cui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Dian Zhang
- Emergency Department, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kangkang Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingquan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Emergency Department, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
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7
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Ancel J, Dewolf M, Deslée G, Nawrocky-Raby B, Dalstein V, Gilles C, Polette M. Clinical Impact of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Cancer as a Biomarker Assisting in Therapeutic Decisions. Cells Tissues Organs 2020; 211:91-109. [PMID: 32750701 DOI: 10.1159/000510103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common solid cancers and represents the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Over the last decade, research on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung cancer has gained increasing attention. Here, we review clinical and histological features of non-small-cell lung cancer associated with EMT. We then aimed to establish potential clinical implications of EMT in current therapeutic options, including surgery, radiation, targeted therapy against oncogenic drivers, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Ancel
- Inserm, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France.,Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Maison Blanche, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Maxime Dewolf
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Maison Blanche, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Gaëtan Deslée
- Inserm, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France.,Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Maison Blanche, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Béatrice Nawrocky-Raby
- Inserm, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France
| | - Véronique Dalstein
- Inserm, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France.,Laboratoire de Pathologie, Hôpital Maison Blanche, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Christine Gilles
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium,
| | - Myriam Polette
- Inserm, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France.,Laboratoire de Pathologie, Hôpital Maison Blanche, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
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8
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Allama AM, Abou-Elela DH, Ibrahim IM. Pleural and serum markers for diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2020; 28:560-565. [PMID: 32741198 DOI: 10.1177/0218492320948311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiation between benign and malignant exudative pleural effusion remains a clinical challenge. Recently, several markers have been reported to increase the diagnostic accuracy of malignant pleural effusion, with controversial results. METHODS Patients with exudative pleural effusion were divided into 2 groups: a malignant pleural effusion group (39 patients) diagnosed by malignant cells in pleural fluid cytology or by malignant infiltration of the pleura on pleural biopsy, and a benign pleural effusion group (51 patients) with neither malignant cells in pleural fluid cytology nor malignant infiltration of the pleura on pleural biopsy. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were determined in both serum and pleural fluid samples, using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. RESULTS The etiology of malignant pleural effusion in the malignant group was breast cancer in 43.6% and bronchogenic carcinoma in 25.6%. There was a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups regarding sex, with more males in the benign group. There was no significant difference between groups regarding age. The median levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were higher in the malignant group than in the benign group, and the differences were highly significant in both pleural fluid (p < 0.001) and serum (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Matrix metaloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in serum and pleural fluid samples might be valuable markers for differentiating benign from malignant pleural effusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr M Allama
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Dalia H Abou-Elela
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Islam M Ibrahim
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben El-Kom, Egypt
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9
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Zhu S, Zhao G, Zhao X, Zhan X, Cai M, Geng C, Pu Q, Zhao Q, Fu Q, Huang C, Wang Q. Elevated soluble E-cadherin during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and as a diagnostic marker in colorectal cancer. Gene 2020; 754:144899. [PMID: 32544494 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. Soluble E-cadherin (sE-cadherin) is a peptide degradation product of the E-cadherin, a key epithelial molecule of EMT. However, it is not known if elevated levels of sE-cadherin also occur during EMT. And the study of sE-cadherin in colorectal cancer is rare. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between sE-cadherin and EMT in CRC and to evaluate the diagnostic value of sE-cadherin as a serum marker for CRC. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was used to induce EMT in HT29 and SW480 cells. The cells treated with TGF-β1 showed morphological and biological behavior changes consistent with EMT. Western blot and ELISA showed the levels of sE-cadherin were increased during EMT in CRC cells. In addition, we intravenously injected luciferase-labeled SW480 cells into nude mice to construct CRC metastasis model. Following the elongation of time, the fluorescence intensity of the experimental group was gradually increased. Correspondingly, the serum concentration of sE-cadherin also increased during CRC metastasis in mice. Furthermore, compared to healthy subjects, significantly higher levels of serum sE-cadherin were also observed in CRC patients and correlated with clinicopathological features. For discriminating CRC from healthy controls, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of sE-cadherin was 0.853, while the optimal cut-off point was set at 5928.16 ng/ml, the diagnostic sensitivity was 73.9% and the specificity was 80%. Compared with current commercial biomarkers (CEA, CA19-9 and CA125), the diagnostic performance of sE-cadherin was highest. Combined sE-cadherin and CEA raised the sensitivity to 82.4%. Serum sE-cadherin level can be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Guanghui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Meijuan Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Congcong Geng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Qian Pu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Qingsong Fu
- Medical Experimental Center, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Chunxiao Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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10
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Loh CY, Chai JY, Tang TF, Wong WF, Sethi G, Shanmugam MK, Chong PP, Looi CY. The E-Cadherin and N-Cadherin Switch in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition: Signaling, Therapeutic Implications, and Challenges. Cells 2019; 8:E1118. [PMID: 31547193 PMCID: PMC6830116 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 703] [Impact Index Per Article: 140.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) has been shown to be crucial in tumorigenesis where the EMT program enhances metastasis, chemoresistance and tumor stemness. Due to its emerging role as a pivotal driver of tumorigenesis, targeting EMT is of great therapeutic interest in counteracting metastasis and chemoresistance in cancer patients. The hallmark of EMT is the upregulation of N-cadherin followed by the downregulation of E-cadherin, and this process is regulated by a complex network of signaling pathways and transcription factors. In this review, we summarized the recent understanding of the roles of E- and N-cadherins in cancer invasion and metastasis as well as the crosstalk with other signaling pathways involved in EMT. We also highlighted a few natural compounds with potential anti-EMT property and outlined the future directions in the development of novel intervention in human cancer treatments. We have reviewed 287 published papers related to this topic and identified some of the challenges faced in translating the discovery work from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yap Loh
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Jian Yi Chai
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Ting Fang Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
| | - Muthu Kumaraswamy Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
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11
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Jin YH, Li WH, Bai Y, Ni L. Efficacy of erlotinib and celecoxib for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14785. [PMID: 30855490 PMCID: PMC6417627 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of erlotinib and celecoxib (EC) for treating Chinese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (ANSCLC) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild type.Totally, 75 subjects with ANSCLC and EGFR wild type were included. They all underwent EC treatment. The outcome measurements consisted of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), progress disease (PD), and disease control rate (DCR). Additionally, adverse events were also documented.Two-year CR, PR, SD, PD, and DCR were 4.0%, 6.7%, 42.6%, 46.7%, and 53.3% respectively. The median PFS was 3.4 months, the median OS was 10.0 months. Additionally, acceptable toxicities were recorded in this study.The results showed that EC may be efficacious for patients with ANSCLC and EGFR wild type only, and acceptable toxicity among the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lei Ni
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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12
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Yu L, Huang S, Lv W, He Z, Hu J. [Research Progress of the Role of EMT in EGFR-TKIs Resistance
of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2018; 21:907-911. [PMID: 30591098 PMCID: PMC6318572 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2018.12.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
肺癌是全世界范围内发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,其中大约80%是非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)。目前分子靶向治疗已成为NSCLC的一线治疗方法,其中表皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, EGFR-TKIs)越来越多地应用于临床治疗,但EGFR-TKI的获得性耐药成为制约EGFR-TKI继续使用的瓶颈。上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT)是上皮细胞转化为间质表型细胞的生物学现象,可促进肺癌转移、侵袭以及肿瘤细胞获得干性。此外,EMT也是引起NSCLC对EGFR-TKIs耐药的原因之一。有研究发现,逆转NSCLC细胞的间质表型,耐药的细胞能恢复对吉非替尼的敏感性,提示靶向EMT的治疗,或能阻止甚至是逆转NSCLC细胞对EGFR-TKIs的耐药,本文对EMT在NSCLC EGFR-TKIs耐药中的研究进展作一综述。
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Wang Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhehao He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
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Bodnar L, Stec R, Cierniak S, Synowiec A, Wcisło G, Jesiotr M, Koktysz R, Chrom P, Szczylik C. Role of WNT/β-Catenin Pathway as Potential Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Renal Cell Cancer Patients Treated With Everolimus in the Second and Subsequent Lines. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018; 16:257-265. [PMID: 29483043 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to search for predictive and prognostic factors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with everolimus among the components of the WNT/β-catenin pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a prospective, single-arm, phase II study, patients with mRCC received everolimus (10 mg/d) in a 30-day cycle. We performed a prospectively planned evaluation of the potential biomarkers of the WNT/β-catenin pathway. RESULTS The serum level of soluble E-cadherin (sE-cadherin) in patients with RCC was significantly greater than that in the controls (71.62 ± 22.28 pg/mL vs. 54.26 ± 10.317 pg/mL; P = .0069). After 2 cycles of everolimus therapy, we observed a significance increase in sE-cadherin (from 71.81 ± 21.18 pg/mL to 77.50 ± 28.212 pg/mL; P = .0151). The Dickkopf-1 protein levels in the study and control groups were not significantly different (P = .2135). The favorable independent predictors for everolimus therapy were normal lactate dehydrogenase level before treatment (hazard ratio [HR], 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-0.98; P = .0443) and low sE-cadherin level (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.29-0.98; P = .0422). On multivariate analysis, we observed that worse overall survival was seen in patients with a lower regression coefficient of sE-cadherin after 2 cycles of treatment (HR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.23-5.52; P = .0128), an increased corrected calcium level (HR, 3.09; 95% CI, 1.21-7.88; P = .0180), and an increased lactate dehydrogenase level before treatment (HR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.02-3.83; P = .0426). CONCLUSION WNT/β-catenin component expression in patients with mRCC had no effect on progression-free survival or overall survival. However, we found that the sE-cadherin level might interact with response to everolimus therapy, although confirmation in future studies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubomir Bodnar
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Rafał Stec
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Szczepan Cierniak
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Gabriel Wcisło
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Jesiotr
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Koktysz
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Chrom
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cezary Szczylik
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Ertan E, Soydinc H, Yazar A, Ustuner Z, Tas F, Yasasever V. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 decreased after chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 97:286-9. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161109700305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aims and background The aim of the study was to investigate the alteration in serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels after chemotherapy and the association between the changes in serum levels of MMP-9 and response to chemotherapy in patients with advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer. Methods and study design Twenty-eight consecutive patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and 24 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The patients were treated with cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy. After two cycles, the response was evaluated. Before and after two cycles of chemotherapy, serum samples were collected from the patients. Results Prechemotherapy MMP-9 (ng/ml) levels were significantly higher in patients with advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer than in controls (7.2 ± 2.8 vs 4.5 ± 2.1, P<0.001). Prechemotherapy MMP-9 levels were elevated compared to postchemotherapy levels as well (7.2 ± 2.8 vs 5.2 ± 3.3, P = 0.005). Prechemotherapy MMP-9 levels were significantly higher than postchemotherapy MMP-9 levels in patients with partial response (7 patients) (8.2 ± 1.8 and 3.2 ± 2.3, respectively; P = 0.018), but the pre- and postchemotherapy MMP-9 levels were no different in patients with stable disease or progressive disease (21 patients) (7 ± 3.1 and 5.9 ± 3.3, respectively; P = 0.08). Conclusions The difference between pre- and postchemotherapy MMP-9 levels in responders was more prominent than that in nonresponders. Whether the decline in serum MMP-9 levels might be used as a marker of response to chemotherapy should be investigated in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Ertan
- Yedikule Chest Disease Training and Education Hospital, Chest Disease Department, Istanbul
| | - Hilal Soydinc
- Istanbul University, Institute of Oncology, Cancer Research Department, Istanbul
| | - Aziz Yazar
- Acibadem University, Medical Oncology Section, Istanbul
| | - Zeki Ustuner
- Osman Gazi University, Medical Oncology, Eskisehir
| | - Faruk Tas
- Istanbul University, Institute of Oncology, Medical Oncology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vildan Yasasever
- Istanbul University, Institute of Oncology, Cancer Research Department, Istanbul
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15
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Yamamoto T, Kawada K, Itatani Y, Inamoto S, Okamura R, Iwamoto M, Miyamoto E, Chen-Yoshikawa TF, Hirai H, Hasegawa S, Date H, Taketo MM, Sakai Y. Loss of SMAD4 Promotes Lung Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer by Accumulation of CCR1+ Tumor-Associated Neutrophils through CCL15-CCR1 Axis. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:833-844. [PMID: 27492974 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We have reported loss of SMAD4 promotes expression of CCL15 from colorectal cancer to recruit CCR1+ myeloid cells through the CCL15-CCR1 axis, which contributes to invasion and liver metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism of lung metastasis is yet to be elucidated. Our purpose is to determine whether similar mechanism is involved in the lung metastasis of colorectal cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In a mouse model, we examined whether SMAD4 could affect the metastatic activity of colorectal cancer cells to the lung through the CCL15-CCR1 axis. We immunohistochemically analyzed expression of SMAD4, CCL15, and CCR1 with 107 clinical specimens of colorectal cancer lung metastases. We also characterized the CCR1+ myeloid cells using several cell-type-specific markers. RESULTS In a mouse model, CCL15 secreted from SMAD4-deficient colorectal cancer cells recruited CCR1+ cells, promoting their metastatic activities to the lung. Immunohistochemical analysis of lung metastases from colorectal cancer patients revealed that CCL15 expression was significantly correlated with loss of SMAD4, and that CCL15-positive metastases recruited approximately 1.9 times more numbers of CCR1+ cells than CCL15-negative metastases. Importantly, patients with CCL15-positive metastases showed a significantly shorter relapse-free survival (RFS) than those with CCL15-negative metastases, and multivariate analysis indicated that CCL15 expression was an independent predictor of shorter RFS. Immunofluorescent staining showed that most CCR1+ cells around lung metastases were tumor-associated neutrophil, although a minor fraction was granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell. CONCLUSIONS CCL15-CCR1 axis may be a therapeutic target to prevent colorectal cancer lung metastasis. CCL15 can be a biomarker indicating poor prognosis of colorectal cancer patients with lung metastases. Clin Cancer Res; 23(3); 833-44. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawada
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yoshiro Itatani
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Susumu Inamoto
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Okamura
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Iwamoto
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ei Miyamoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Hideyo Hirai
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Suguru Hasegawa
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto M Taketo
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Sakai
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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16
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Qiao X, Zhai X, Wang J, Zhao X, Yang X, Lv J, Ma L, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhang S, Yue W. Sequential measurements of serum matrix metalloproteinase 9 to monitor chemotherapy responses in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:3299-305. [PMID: 27330309 PMCID: PMC4898419 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis, including lung cancer. However, whether variations in serum MMP-9 levels can serve as a biomarker for monitoring chemotherapy curative effect remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the association between variations in serum MMP-9 levels and chemotherapy curative effect in patients with lung cancer. Patients and methods A total of 82 patients with advanced lung cancer were included. All newly diagnosed patients were treated with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. Serial measurements of serum MMP-9 levels were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In this manner, we chose four time points to examine the association, including before chemotherapy, and 3 weeks after the beginning of the first, second, and fourth cycles of chemotherapy. Results Compared with the serum level of MMP-9 before progressive disease, patients with progressive disease had elevated serum levels of MMP-9. Compared with the previous time point of collecting specimens, the serum levels of MMP-9 in the patients with a complete response/partial response/stable disease decreased or were maintained stable. The differences of variation in serum MMP-9 levels in patients with different chemotherapy curative effects were all statistically significant after one cycle, two cycles, and four cycles (after one cycle: P<0.001; after two cycles: P<0.001; after four cycles: P=0.01). However, patients with small-cell lung cancer did not exhibit similar test results. Conclusion The variation in serum MMP-9 levels in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer during chemotherapy was closely related to chemotherapy curative effect and could be useful to monitor chemotherapy curative effect for a small portion of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Qiao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Health Care Ward, The First Hospital Affiliated to Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoran Zhai
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Zhao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjie Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shucai Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Yue
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Co-targeting c-Met and COX-2 leads to enhanced inhibition of lung tumorigenesis in a murine model with heightened airway HGF. J Thorac Oncol 2015; 9:1285-93. [PMID: 25057941 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met pathway is often dysregulated in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). HGF activation of c-Met induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in downstream stimulation by prostaglandin E2 of additional pathways. Targeting both c-Met and COX-2 might lead to enhanced antitumor effects by blocking signaling upstream and downstream of c-Met. METHODS Effects of crizotinib or celecoxib alone or in combination were tested in NSCLC cells in vitro and in mice transgenic for airway expression of human HGF. RESULTS Proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells treated with a combination of crizotinib and celecoxib were significantly lower compared with single treatments. Transgenic mice showed enhanced COX-2 expression localized to preneoplastic areas following exposure to the tobacco carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, which was not present without carcinogen exposure. This shows that COX-2 activity is present during lung tumor development in a high HGF environment. After 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone treatment, a significant decrease in the number of lung tumors per animal was observed after 13-week treatments of crizotinib, celecoxib, or the combination compared with placebo (p < 0.001). With combination treatment, the number of tumors was also significantly lower than single agent treatment (p < 0.001). In the resulting lung tumors, P-c-Met, COX-2, prostaglandin E2, and P-MAPK were significantly downmodulated by combination treatment compared with single treatment. Expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers E-cadherin and snail was also modulated by combination treatment. CONCLUSIONS In the presence of high HGF, dual inhibition of c-Met and COX-2 may enhance antitumor effects. This combination may have clinical potential in NSCLCs with high HGF/c-Met expression or epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype.
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Huang HL, Wu YC, Su LJ, Huang YJ, Charoenkwan P, Chen WL, Lee HC, Chu WCC, Ho SY. Discovery of prognostic biomarkers for predicting lung cancer metastasis using microarray and survival data. BMC Bioinformatics 2015; 16:54. [PMID: 25881029 PMCID: PMC4349617 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-015-0463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated prognostic biomarkers of distant metastases of lung cancer. One of the central difficulties in identifying biomarkers from microarray data is the availability of only a small number of samples, which results overtraining. Recently obtained evidence reveals that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells causes metastasis, which is detrimental to patients' survival. RESULTS This work proposes a novel optimization approach to discovering EMT-related prognostic biomarkers to predict the distant metastasis of lung cancer using both microarray and survival data. This weighted objective function maximizes both the accuracy of prediction of distant metastasis and the area between the disease-free survival curves of the non-distant and distant metastases. Seventy-eight patients with lung cancer and a follow-up time of 120 months are used to identify a set of gene markers and an independent cohort of 26 patients is used to evaluate the identified biomarkers. The medical records of the 78 patients show a significant difference between the disease-free survival times of the 37 non-distant- and the 41 distant-metastasis patients. The experimental results thus obtained are as follows. 1) The use of disease-free survival curves can compensate for the shortcoming of insufficient samples and greatly increase the test accuracy by 11.10%; and 2) the support vector machine with a set of 17 transcripts, such as CCL16 and CDKN2AIP, can yield a leave-one-out cross-validation accuracy of 93.59%, a test accuracy of 76.92%, a large disease-free survival area of 74.81%, and a mean survival prediction error of 3.99 months. The identified putative biomarkers are examined using related studies and signaling pathways to reveal the potential effectiveness of the biomarkers in prospective confirmatory studies. CONCLUSIONS The proposed new optimization approach to identifying prognostic biomarkers by combining multiple sources of data (microarray and survival) can facilitate the accurate selection of biomarkers that are most relevant to the disease while solving the problem of insufficient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chung Wu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Jen Su
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Ju Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Phasit Charoenkwan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Liang Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Hua-Chin Lee
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | | | - Shinn-Ying Ho
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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19
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Duan H, Qu L, Shou C. Mycoplasma hyorhinis induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cell MGC803 via TLR4-NF-κB signaling. Cancer Lett 2014; 354:447-54. [PMID: 25149064 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Our previous works showed chronic infection of Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis) was associated with gastric cancer metastasis, but the mechanisms were unknown. Herein, we found M. hyorhinis induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gastric cancer cell MGC803, which was counteracted by inhibitor of NF-κB signaling or p65 knockdown. Furthermore, we found that TLR4 associated with p37, a membrane protein of M. hyorhinis. Knock-down or inhibition of TLR4 antagonized M. hyorhinis-induced NF-κB signaling, EMT, and cell migration. Thus, M. hyorhinis induces EMT and promotes cell migration via TLR4-NF-κB signaling, which provides a clue to the pathogenesis of M. hyorhinis in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Duan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Like Qu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Chengchao Shou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
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20
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Sanborn RE, Davies AM. Erlotinib: applications in therapy and current status of research. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2014; 2:15-36. [DOI: 10.1586/17512433.2.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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21
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Han ML, Lv ZW. Serum and bile NGAL for clinically distinguishing malignant biliary strictures from benign biliary strictures. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:133-139. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i1.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the value of serum and bile neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) for distinguishing malignant strictures caused by cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) or pancreatic cancer from benign biliary strictures.
METHODS: The study was performed prospectively on patients admitted for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography biliary decompression. Forty-four patients with dilated biliary ducts, including 12 cases of CCA, 8 cases of pancreatic cancer, 1 case of carcinoma of the ampulla, and 23 cases of benign biliary strictures, were enrolled. Their sera and bile were collected to measure NGAL. Routine biochemistry including liver function test and routine blood examination was also performed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure the contents of NGAL in serum and bile samples.
RESULTS: Serum NGAL had no significant value for discriminating malignant and benign biliary strictures (mean, 31.10 ng/mL vs 118.35 ng/mL, P = 0.0825). Biliary NGAL levels were significantly raised in the malignant disease group compared with the benign disease group (mean, 199.0 ng/mL vs 466.7 ng/mL, P = 0.0215).
CONCLUSION: Measurement of biliary NGAL, not serum NGAL, may differentiate malignant biliary strictures from benign biliary strictures.
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Shimizu Y, Dobashi K. CC-chemokine CCL15 expression and possible implications for the pathogenesis of IgE-related severe asthma. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:475253. [PMID: 23258953 PMCID: PMC3508751 DOI: 10.1155/2012/475253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway inflammation is accompanied by infiltration of inflammatory cells and an abnormal response of airway smooth muscle. These cells secrete chemokines and express the cell surface chemokine receptors that play an important role in the migration and degranulation of inflammatory cells. Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against immunoglobulin E, and its blocking of IgE signaling not only reduces inflammatory cell infiltration mediated by the Th2 immune response but also inhibits other immune responses. The chemokine CCL15 is influenced by omalizumab, and the source of CCL15 has been reported to be airway smooth muscle cells and basophils. CCL15 binds to its receptor CCR1, which has been reported to be expressed by various inflammatory cells and also by airway smooth muscle cells. Therefore, CCL15/CCR1 signaling could be a target for the treatment of asthma. We review the role of CCL15 in the pathogenesis of asthma and also discuss the influence of IgE-mediated immunomodulation via CCL15 and its receptor CCR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Shimizu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Maebashi Red Cross Hospital, 3-21-36 Asahi-Cho, Gunma, Maebashi 371-0014, Japan.
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Dennis M, Wang G, Luo J, Lin Y, Dohadwala M, Abemayor E, Elashoff DA, Sharma S, Dubinett SM, St John MA. Snail controls the mesenchymal phenotype and drives erlotinib resistance in oral epithelial and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 147:726-32. [PMID: 22568942 PMCID: PMC4167686 DOI: 10.1177/0194599812446407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The presence of regional metastases in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common and adverse event associated with poor prognosis. The authors' recent work on human HNSCC tissues underlies Snail's role as a molecular prognostic marker for HNSCC. Snail positivity is significantly predictive of poorly differentiated, lymphovascular invasive, and regionally metastatic tumors. Here, the authors investigate the capacity of Snail to drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human oral epithelial cell lines and its ability to confer drug resistance. STUDY DESIGN Snail was overexpressed in HNSCC and oral epithelial cell lines. Anchorage independent growth assays, wound healing assays, invasion and migration assays, spheroid modeling, and cell survival assays were performed. SETTING Academic tertiary medical center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Snail overexpressing HNSCC (OSC, Tu212, Tu686) and oral epithelial cell lines (HOK 16-B, OKF-6) were evaluated using assays for wound healing, invasion and migration, 3-dimensional growth, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS The overexpression of Snail in human HNSCC and oral epithelial cell lines drives EMT. The transfection of Snail confers the expression of a mesenchymal molecular signature, including downregulation of the epithelial adherens, such as E-cadherin and β-catenin, and induction of mesenchymal markers. Snail-overexpressing cell lines demonstrate rapid growth in Anchorage-independent growth assays, a decreased capacity to form tight spheroids, an increased resistance to erlotinib, and an increased capacity for invasion. CONCLUSION Snail controls the mesenchymal phenotype and drives erlotinib resistance in HNSCC cells. Snail may prove to be a useful marker in predicting epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Dennis
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Besse B, Tsao LC, Chao DT, Fang Y, Soria JC, Almokadem S, Belani CP. Phase Ib safety and pharmacokinetic study of volociximab, an anti-α5β1 integrin antibody, in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2012; 24:90-6. [PMID: 22904239 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This phase Ib study evaluated volociximab, an anti-α5β1 integrin antibody, in combination with carboplatin (Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN) and paclitaxel (Taxol) in advanced, untreated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Three cohorts were treated with volociximab (10, 20, or 30 mg/kg) for up to six 3-week cycles in combination with carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy and continued as maintenance therapy for patients with stable disease (SD) or better. Dose-limiting toxic effects, adverse events (AEs), pharmacokinetics, and anti-volociximab antibodies were assessed. RESULTS A maximum tolerated dose was not reached up to the maximum planned dose of 30 mg/kg. In 29 patients who received volociximab, the most common grade≥3 AEs were neutropenia (24%), hyponatremia (17%), and fatigue (10%). Three patients experienced volociximab-related serious AEs. No hemorrhages were observed. Of 33 patients enrolled, 8 (24%) achieved a partial response and 17 (52%) had SD. The median progression-free survival was 6.3 months (95% confidence interval 5.5-8.1). Levels of potential biomarkers of angiogenesis or metastasis were reduced following six cycles of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Volociximab combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel was generally well-tolerated and showed preliminary evidence of efficacy in advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Besse
- Cancer Medicine/Thoracic Unit, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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25
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David JM, Rajasekaran AK. Dishonorable discharge: the oncogenic roles of cleaved E-cadherin fragments. Cancer Res 2012; 72:2917-23. [PMID: 22659456 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-3498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Strong cell-cell interactions represent a major barrier against cancer cell mobility, and loss of intercellular adhesion by E-cadherin is a fundamental change that occurs during the progression of cancer to invasive disease. However, some aggressive carcinomas retain characteristics of differentiated epithelial cells, including E-cadherin expression. Emerging evidence indicates that proteolysis of E-cadherin generates fragments that promote tumor growth, survival, and motility, suggesting that E-cadherin cleavage converts this tumor suppressor into an oncogenic factor. In this review we discuss the emerging roles of cleaved E-cadherin fragments as modulators of cancer progression, and explore the translational and clinical implications of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M David
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, USA
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26
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Lung cancer cell invasion and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) are attenuated by secretory phospholipase A₂ inhibition. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012; 143:405-11. [PMID: 22248682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Invasive lung tumors are associated with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression. Secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) enzymes produce inflammatory mediators that stimulate ICAM-1 expression, and upregulation of PLA(2) activity can enhance metastasis. We hypothesize a link between sPLA(2) activity, ICAM-1 expression, and tumor cell invasion. We propose that inhibition of sPLA(2) modulates ICAM-1 expression in cancer cells and attenuates their invasiveness. METHODS Human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) were treated with an ICAM-1 blocking antibody and assayed for invasion. Lung cancer cells (A549 and H358) were then treated with an sPLA(2) inhibitor and evaluated by immunoblotting for ICAM-1 expression. Next cells (A549) treated with sPLA(2) inhibitor were assayed for invasion. Finally, sPLA(2) messenger RNA and protein expression were evaluated by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence microscopy, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by the Student t test or analysis of variance, as appropriate. RESULTS Antibody blockade of ICAM-1 decreased lung cancer cell invasion. sPLA(2) inhibition significantly reduced ICAM-1 expression and invasion. sPLA(2) inhibition also significantly decreased sPLA(2) mRNA expression and immunofluorescent staining of sPLA(2). CONCLUSIONS sPLA(2) plays a significant role in mediating the inflammatory signals that induce ICAM-1 expression in lung cancer cells. Inhibition of the enzyme can significantly decrease ICAM-1 expression and subsequent cancer cell invasion. This lays the groundwork for further investigation into the cellular mechanisms of sPLA(2) and its role in lung cancer.
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Chan E, Sivagnanam T, Zhang Q, Lewis CR, Thomas PS. Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha and Oxidative Stress in the Breath Condensate of Those with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/jct.2012.324059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gonzalez-Avila G, Sommer B, Mendoza-Posada DA, Delgado J, Aquino-Galvez A, Ramos C. Gelatinase Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinases During First-Line Chemotherapy in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients: An Initial Approach. Lung 2011; 190:99-104. [DOI: 10.1007/s00408-011-9336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Chetty C, Rao JS, Lakka SS. Matrix metalloproteinase pharmacogenomics in non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Pharmacogenomics 2011; 12:535-46. [PMID: 21521025 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.10.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma demonstrated considerable variability in its chemoresponse. However, the prospect of individualized medicine holds high hopes for improving patient survival. The study of tumor and patient genetic profiles, relative to drug-related genes, may offer new opportunities for tailoring treatments. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-containing endopeptidases, which degrade the extracellular matrix and basement membrane, and process bioactive mediators involved in promoting aspects of tumor growth. Polymorphisms in MMP genes known to influence the protein-expression patterns has been shown to influence therapy outcomes by altering signaling pathways. In this article, we address the polymorphic association of MMPs in response to chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Advances in genome technology and their comprehensive and systematic deployment to elucidate the genomic basis of MMP differences promise to ultimately enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy while reducing its toxicity for the treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandramu Chetty
- Department of Cancer Biology & Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, 1 Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
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Leelawat K, Narong S, Wannaprasert J, Leelawat S. Serum NGAL to Clinically Distinguish Cholangiocarcinoma from Benign Biliary Tract Diseases. Int J Hepatol 2011; 2011:873548. [PMID: 21994874 PMCID: PMC3170848 DOI: 10.4061/2011/873548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To determine whether the serum level of NGAL can discriminate cholangiocarcinoma from benign biliary tract disease in patients. Methods. This study was performed according to a prospective-specimen-collection, retrospective-blinded-evaluation (PRoBE) design. A total of 50 cholangiocarcinoma and 50 benign biliary tract disease cases were randomly selected from a cohort of consecutive cases of biliary tract diseases. Their sera were measured for the levels of NGAL and the widely used serum cholangiocarcinoma marker, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Results. The serum CA19-9 and NGAL levels were significantly elevated in cholangiocarcinoma patients (CA19-9: P < .001, NGAL: P < .001). The area under the curve (AUC) of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma of CA19-9 and NGAL was 0.81 and 0.79, respectively. Conclusion. The diagnostic accuracy of serum NGAL and CA19-9 makes them good candidates for use as biomarkers to discriminate cholangiocarcinoma patients from benign biliary tract disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawin Leelawat
- Department of Surgery, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok 10400, Thailand,Faculty of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand,*Kawin Leelawat:
| | - Siriluck Narong
- Department of Surgery, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok 10400, Thailand,Faculty of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jerasak Wannaprasert
- Department of Surgery, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok 10400, Thailand,Faculty of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Surang Leelawat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumthani 12000, Thailand
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Brabletz S, Brabletz T. The ZEB/miR-200 feedback loop--a motor of cellular plasticity in development and cancer? EMBO Rep 2010; 11:670-7. [PMID: 20706219 DOI: 10.1038/embor.2010.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 639] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process in development and disease. Zinc-finger enhancer binding (ZEB) transcription factors (ZEB1 and ZEB2) are crucial EMT activators, whereas members of the miR-200 family induce epithelial differentiation. They are reciprocally linked in a feedback loop, each strictly controlling the expression of the other. Now data show that EMT not only confers cellular motility, but also induces stem-cell properties and prevents apoptosis and senescence. Thus the balanced expression of ZEB factors and miR-200 controls all these processes. We therefore propose that the ZEB/miR-200 feedback loop is the molecular motor of cellular plasticity in development and disease, and in particular is a driving force for cancer progression towards metastasis by controlling the state of cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Brabletz
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
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Abstract
Over the past decade, a multitude of targeted agents have been explored in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Thus far, two broad classes of agents have been implemented in clinical practice: (a) vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-directed therapies and (b) antagonists of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In the former category, the agent bevacizumab (a monoclonal antibody) has shown landmark improvements in survival when added to cytotoxic therapy. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) targeting the VEGF receptor (i.e., sunitinib, sorafenib, and vandetanib) show activity in phase II clinical studies. With respect to EGFR-directed therapies, the TKIs gefitinib and erlotinib have shown significant benefit, and have uncovered valuable information about the biology of lung cancer. Outside of therapies directed specifically at VEGF- and EGFR-mediated signaling, trials evaluating insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-IR)-targeting agents, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, c-met inhibitors, irreversible pan-HER inhibitors, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are ongoing. Inhibitors of ALK show great promise in patients with the relevant gene translocation. Herein, the clinical development of novel therapies for NSCLC is described, including some discussion of relevant biomarkers and determination of synergy with both cytotoxic therapy and other targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kumar Pal
- Division of Genitourinary Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Phone: (626) 256-4673 Fax: (626) 301-8233
| | - Robert A. Figlin
- Department of Medical Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Phone: (626) 256-4673, Fax: (626) 301-8233
| | - Karen Reckamp
- Division of Thoracic Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Phone: (626) 256-4673
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Gogali A, Charalabopoulos K, Zampira I, Konstantinidis AK, Tachmazoglou F, Daskalopoulos G, Constantopoulos SH, Dalavanga Y. Soluble adhesion molecules E-cadherin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin as lung cancer biomarkers. Chest 2010; 138:1173-9. [PMID: 20495107 DOI: 10.1378/chest.10-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered levels of circulating adhesion molecules found in several carcinomas, including lung cancer, reflect local loss of diffusion barriers and tumor volume and can be potentially used as biomarkers. In the present study, we investigated the role of soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and soluble E-selectin (sE-sel) as biomarkers in lung cancer. METHODS Sixty-two patients with recently diagnosed lung cancer, 42 with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and 20 with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as 29 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Blood samples were collected at the time of diagnosis and measurement of soluble adhesion molecules in the serum samples was performed by enzyme-linked immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies against E-cadherin, E-selectin, and ICAM-1. RESULTS Serum levels of sE-cad, sE-sel, and sICAM-1 in both SCLC and NSCLC were significantly elevated compared with control subjects (P < .001). In addition, patients with SCLC or NSCLC with distant metastasis had a marked increase of sE-Cad (P < .001), but no such correlation with sE-sel and sICAM-1 was found. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that sE-cad, sE-sel, and sICAM-1 have an adjunctive diagnostic role in lung cancer. Furthermore, sE-cad may also have a prognostic role and could be a useful biomarker in the prediction of lung cancer outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Gogali
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Section, Medical School of the University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45500, Greece
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Moody TW, Switzer C, Santana-Flores W, Ridnour LA, Berna M, Thill M, Jensen RT, Sparatore A, Del Soldato P, Yeh GC, Roberts DD, Giaccone G, Wink DA. Dithiolethione modified valproate and diclofenac increase E-cadherin expression and decrease proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Lung Cancer 2010; 68:154-60. [PMID: 19628293 PMCID: PMC3835159 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2009.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Revised: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 06/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects of dithiolethione modified valproate, diclofenac and sulindac on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were investigated. Sulfur(S)-valproate and S-diclofenac at 1 microg/ml concentrations significantly reduced prostaglandin (PG)E(2) levels in NSCLC cell lines A549 and NCI-H1299 as did the COX-2 inhibitor DuP-697. In vitro, S-valproate, S-diclofenac and S-sulindac half-maximally inhibited the clonal growth of NCI-H1299 cells at 6, 6 and 15 microg/ml, respectively. Using the MTT assay, 10 microg/ml S-valproate, NO-aspirin and Cay10404, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, but not SC-560, a selective COX-1 inhibitor, inhibited the growth of A549 cells. In vivo, 18mg/kg i.p. of S-valproate and S-diclofenac, but not S-sulindac, significantly inhibited A549 or NCI-H1299 xenograft proliferation in nude mice, but had no effect on the nude mouse body weight. The mechanism by which S-valproate and S-diclofenac inhibited the growth of NSCLC cells was investigated. Nitric oxide-aspirin but not S-valproate caused apoptosis of NSCLC cells. By Western blot, S-valproate and S-diclofenac increased E-cadherin but reduced vimentin and ZEB1 (a transcriptional suppressor of E-cadherin) protein expression in NSCLC cells. Because S-valproate and S-diclofenac inhibit the growth of NSCLC cells and reduce PGE(2) levels, they may prove beneficial in the chemoprevention and/or therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- National Cancer Institute, Office of the Director, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD 20892-1500, USA.
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Keshamouni VG, Schiemann WP. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tumor metastasis: a method to the madness. Future Oncol 2010; 5:1109-11. [PMID: 19852724 DOI: 10.2217/fon.09.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Venkateshwar G Keshamouni
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Walser TC, Yanagawa J, Garon E, Lee JM, Dubinett SM. Tumor Microenvironment. Lung Cancer 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-524-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Amano H, Ito Y, Suzuki T, Kato S, Matsui Y, Ogawa F, Murata T, Sugimoto Y, Senior R, Kitasato H, Hayashi I, Satoh Y, Narumiya S, Majima M. Roles of a prostaglandin E-type receptor, EP3, in upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor during enhancement of tumor metastasis. Cancer Sci 2009; 100:2318-24. [PMID: 19799610 PMCID: PMC11159505 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01322.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is known to correlate with poor cancer prognosis and to contribute to tumor metastasis. However, the precise mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown. We have previously reported that host stromal prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2))-prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP)3 signaling appears critical for tumor-associated angiogenesis and tumor growth. Here we tested whether the EP3 receptor has a critical role in tumor metastasis. Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells were intravenously injected into WT mice and mice treated with the COX-2 inhibitor NS-398. The nonselective COX inhibitor aspirin reduced lung metastasis, but the COX-1 inhibitor SC560 did not. The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A was suppressed in NS-398-treated mice compared with PBS-treated mice. Lungs containing LLC colonies were markedly reduced in EP3 receptor knockout (EP3(-/-)) mice compared with WT mice. The expression of MMP-9 and VEGF-A was downregulated in metastatic lungs of EP3(-/-) mice. An immunohistochemical study revealed that MMP-9-expressing endothelial cells were markedly reduced in EP3(-/-) mice compared with WT mice. When HUVEC were treated with agonists for EP1, EP2, EP3, or EP4, only the EP3 agonist enhanced MMP-9 expression. These results suggested that EP3 receptor signaling on endothelial cells is essential for the MMP-9 upregulation that enhances tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. An EP3 receptor antagonist may be useful to protect against tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Cancer stem cells. J Thorac Oncol 2009; 4:S1079-81. [PMID: 19861925 DOI: 10.1097/01.jto.0000361758.17413.7c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Individualized therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer: future versus current clinical practice. Oncogene 2009; 28 Suppl 1:S38-45. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kalluri R. EMT: when epithelial cells decide to become mesenchymal-like cells. J Clin Invest 2009; 119:1417-9. [PMID: 19487817 DOI: 10.1172/jci39675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 710] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for appropriate embryonic development, and this process is re-engaged in adults during wound healing, tissue regeneration, organ fibrosis, and cancer progression. Inflammation is a crucial conspirator in the emergence of EMT in adults but is absent during embryonic development. As highlighted in this Review series, EMT is now a recognized mechanism for dispersing cells in embryos, forming fibroblasts/mesenchymal cells in injured tissues, and initiating metastasis of epithelial cancer cells. Also discussed are proposals to classify EMT into three subtypes, each of which has different functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Kalluri
- Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
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Scherpereel A. Cancer pulmonaire et avancées physiopathologiques : des applications proches ? Rev Mal Respir 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(08)74080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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