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Gonnelli F, Hassan W, Bonifazi M, Pinelli V, Bedawi EO, Porcel JM, Rahman NM, Mei F. Malignant pleural effusion: current understanding and therapeutic approach. Respir Res 2024; 25:47. [PMID: 38243259 PMCID: PMC10797757 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02684-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common complication of thoracic and extrathoracic malignancies and is associated with high mortality and elevated costs to healthcare systems. Over the last decades the understanding of pathophysiology mechanisms, diagnostic techniques and optimal treatment intervention in MPE have been greatly advanced by recent high-quality research, leading to an ever less invasive diagnostic approach and more personalized management. Despite a number of management options, including talc pleurodesis, indwelling pleural catheters and combinations of the two, treatment for MPE remains symptom directed and centered around drainage strategy. In the next future, because of a better understanding of underlying tumor biology together with more sensitive molecular diagnostic techniques, it is likely that combined diagnostic and therapeutic procedures allowing near total outpatient management of MPE will become popular. This article provides a review of the current advances, new discoveries and future directions in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of MPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gonnelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona Via Conca 71, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Wafa Hassan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Martina Bonifazi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona Via Conca 71, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | | | - Eihab O Bedawi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - José M Porcel
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
- Pleural Medicine and Clinical Ultrasound Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Arnau de Vilanova, University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
| | - Najib M Rahman
- Oxford Pleural Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medicine Oxford Institute, Oxford, UK
| | - Federico Mei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona Via Conca 71, Ancona, 60126, Italy.
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2
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Désage AL, Mismetti V, Jacob M, Pointel S, Perquis MP, Morfin M, Guezara S, Langrand A, Galor C, Trouillon T, Diaz A, Karpathiou G, Froudarakis M. Place du pneumologue interventionnel dans la gestion des pleurésies métastatiques. Rev Mal Respir 2022; 39:778-790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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3
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Liu XT, Dong XL, Zhang Y, Fang P, Shi HY, Ming ZJ. Diagnostic value and safety of medical thoracoscopy for pleural effusion of different causes. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:3088-3100. [PMID: 35647131 PMCID: PMC9082710 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i10.3088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pleural effusions occur for various reasons, and their diagnosis remains challenging despite the availability of different diagnostic modalities. Medical thoracoscopy (MT) can be used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, especially in patients with undiagnosed pleural effusion.
AIM To assess the diagnostic efficacy and safety of MT in patients with pleural effusion of different causes.
METHODS Between January 1, 2012 and April 30, 2021, patients with pleural effusion underwent MT in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Shaanxi, China). According to the discharge diagnosis, patients were divided into malignant pleural effusion (MPE), tuberculous pleural effusion (TBPE), and inflammatory pleural effusion (IPE) groups. General information, and tuberculosis- and effusion-related indices of the three groups were analyzed. The diagnostic yield, diagnostic accuracy, performance under thoracoscopy, and complications of patients were compared among the three groups. Then, the significant predictive factors for diagnosis between the MPE and TBPE groups were analyzed.
RESULTS Of the 106 patients enrolled in this 10-year study, 67 were male and 39 female, with mean age of 57.1 ± 14.184 years. Among the 74 thoracoscopy-confirmed patients, 41 (38.7%) had MPE, 21 had (19.8%) TBPE, and 32 (30.2%) were undiagnosed. Overall diagnostic yield of MT was 69.8% (MPE: 75.9%, TBPE: 48.8%, and IPE: 75.0%, with diagnostic accuracies of 100%, 87.5%, and 75.0%, respectively). Under thoracoscopy, single or multiple pleural nodules were observed in 81.1% and pleural adhesions in 34.0% with pleural effusions. The most common complication was chest pain (41.5%), followed by chest tightness (11.3%) and fever (10.4%). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed effusion appearance [odds ratio (OR): 0.001, 95%CI: 0.000-0.204; P = 0.010] and carcinoembryonic antigen (OR: 0.243, 95%CI: 0.081-0.728; P = 0.011) as significant for differentiating MPE and TBPE, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.977 (95%CI: 0.953-1.000; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION MT is an effective, safe, and minimally invasive procedure with high diagnostic yield for pleural effusion of different causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ting Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xi-Lin Dong
- Department of Respiratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ping Fang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hong-Yang Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zong-Juan Ming
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
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Sun Y, Hu Y, Wan C, Lovell JF, Jin H, Yang K. Local biomaterial-assisted antitumour immunotherapy for effusions in the pleural and peritoneal cavities caused by malignancies. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:6381-6390. [PMID: 34582527 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00971k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and malignant ascites (MA), which are common but serious conditions caused by malignancies, are related to poor quality of life and high mortality. Current treatments, including therapeutic thoracentesis and indwelling pleural catheters or paracentesis and catheter drainage, are largely palliative. An effective treatment is urgently needed. MPE and MA are excellent candidates for intratumoural injections that have direct contact with tumour cells and kill tumour cells more effectively and efficiently with fewer side effects, and the fluid environment of MPE and MA can provide a homogeneous area for drug distribution. The immunosuppressive environments within the pleural and peritoneal cavities suggest the feasibility of local immunotherapy. In this review, we introduce the current management of MPE and MA, discuss the latest advances and challenges in utilizing local biomaterial-assisted antitumour therapies for the treatment of MPE and MA, and discuss further opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Sun
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Yan Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Chao Wan
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York. Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
| | - Honglin Jin
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Kunyu Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Ellayeh M, Bedawi E, Banka R, Sundaralingam A, George V, Kanellakis N, Hallifax R, Abdelwahab H, Rezk N, Hewidy A, Ali R, Wrightson J, Rahman N. Objective Thoracoscopic Criteria in Differentiation between Benign and Malignant Pleural Effusions. Respiration 2021; 101:46-56. [PMID: 34515216 DOI: 10.1159/000517910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracoscopy is the "gold standard" diagnostic modality for investigation of suspected pleural malignancy. It is postulated that meticulous assessment of the pleural cavity may be adequate to indicate malignancy through the macroscopic findings of nodules, pleural thickening, and lymphangitis. We attempted to critically assess this practice, by precisely defining objective macroscopic criteria which might differentiate benign from malignant pleural diseases according to intrapleural pattern and anatomical location, and thereby to explore the predilection of abnormalities to specific sites on pleural surfaces. METHODS A structured review of recorded video footage from medical thoracoscopy procedures in 96 patients was conducted by 2 independent assessors. Abnormalities were scored on agreed, objective criteria for the presence of nodules, lymphangitis and inflammation on each of the costoparietal, visceral and diaphragmatic surfaces. The costoparietal pleura was divided into 6 levels (apical, middle, and inferior surfaces of the lateral and posterior parietal pleura). The anterior surface of the costoparietal pleura was excluded from analysis after interim review as this surface was rarely seen. RESULTS In the benign group, inflammation was the predominant finding in 65% (n = 33; costoparietal), 44% (n = 21; visceral), and 42% (n = 15; diaphragmatic). Nodules were detected in 24% (n = 12; costoparietal), 8% (n = 4; visceral), and 8% (n = 3; diaphragmatic). The most affected surfaces with inflammation were the middle lateral (60%) and the inferior lateral (57.8%) parts of the costoparietal pleura. In the malignant group, nodules were the predominant finding according to surface in 73% (n = 33; costoparietal), 32% (n = 13; visceral) and 48% (n = 17; diaphragmatic). Inflammation was detected in 44% (n = 20; costoparietal), 25% (n = 10; visceral), and 29% (n = 10; diaphragmatic). The most affected surfaces with nodules were the middle lateral (67.4%) and inferior lateral (66.7%) costoparietal pleural surfaces. CONCLUSION This is the first detailed, anatomical description of abnormalities in the pleural space during thoracoscopy. While nodules were the predominant pattern in malignant pleural effusion, they were detected in 24% of benign diagnoses. Detection of nodules in >1 area of the costoparietal pleura was in favor of a malignant diagnosis. Inflammation was the predominant pattern in benign pleural effusion. Our results suggest that macroscopic nodules in malignant diagnoses have a predilection for the middle and inferior surfaces of the lateral costoparietal pleura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ellayeh
- University of Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Chest Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eihab Bedawi
- University of Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Radhika Banka
- University of Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anand Sundaralingam
- University of Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vineeth George
- University of Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolaos Kanellakis
- University of Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Laboratory of Pleural and Lung Cancer Translational Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Hallifax
- University of Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Heba Abdelwahab
- Department of Chest Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nasef Rezk
- Department of Chest Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Asem Hewidy
- Department of Chest Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Raed Ali
- Department of Chest Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - John Wrightson
- University of Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Najib Rahman
- University of Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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A novel laparoscopy-based model for the prediction of optimal cytoreduction and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer in a Chinese population. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 256:256-262. [PMID: 33259994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of laparoscopy for the prediction of optimal cytoreduction and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in a Chinese population. STUDY DESIGN This study enrolled 162 EOC patients in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from January 2015 to December 2016. All patients underwent preoperative CT scans and laparoscopic assessments. Each patient was scored according to the CT-based predictive model by Bristow and laparoscopy-based predictive model by Fagotti. The specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and area under the curve (AUC) of each model were calculated. The predictive scores and clinicopathologic factors were all analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox analysis. A prognostic predictive nomogram was formulated in R software. RESULTS The AUCs of the laparoscopy-based predictive model and CT-based predictive model was 0.955 and 0.755 respectively. At a laparoscopic score ≥ 10, the possibility of optimal cytoreduction was 0, and the risk of unnecessary explorative attempts was 6%. Additionally, laparoscopic score, independent of residual tumor size and FIGO stage, was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in EOC. Notably, the predictive nomogram that we established further confirmed the prognostic value of laparoscopy for prognostic predictions in EOC. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopy has a better discriminating performance than CT in the prediction of optimal cytoreduction in EOC. Moreover, the laparoscopic score is directly correlated with the survival of EOC patients. The laparoscopic score-based nomogram we established showed good potential to predict the prognosis of EOC patients.
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7
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Bibby AC, Dorn P, Psallidas I, Porcel JM, Janssen J, Froudarakis M, Subotic D, Astoul P, Licht P, Schmid R, Scherpereel A, Rahman NM, Maskell NA, Cardillo G. ERS/EACTS statement on the management of malignant pleural effusions. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2019; 55:116-132. [PMID: 30060030 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezy258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural effusions (MPE) are a common pathology, treated by respiratory physicians and thoracic surgeons alike. In recent years, several well-designed randomized clinical trials have been published that have changed the landscape of MPE management. The European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) established a multidisciplinary collaboration of clinicians with expertise in the management of MPE with the aim of producing a comprehensive review of the scientific literature. Six areas of interest were identified, including the optimum management of symptomatic MPE, management of trapped lung in MPE, management of loculated MPE, prognostic factors in MPE, whether there is a role for oncological therapies prior to intervention for MPE and whether a histological diagnosis is always required in MPE. The literature revealed that talc pleurodesis and indwelling pleural catheters effectively manage the symptoms of MPE. There was limited evidence regarding the management of trapped lung or loculated MPE. The LENT score was identified as a validated tool for predicting survival in MPE, with Brims' prognostic score demonstrating utility in mesothelioma prognostication. There was no evidence to support the use of oncological therapies as an alternative to MPE drainage, and the literature supported the use of tissue biopsy as the gold standard for diagnosis and treatment planning.Management options for malignant pleural effusions have advanced over the past decade, with high-quality randomized trial evidence informing practice in many areas. However, uncertainties remain and further research is required http://ow.ly/rNt730jOxOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Bibby
- Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol Medical School Translational Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
- North Bristol Lung Centre, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Patrick Dorn
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Jose M Porcel
- Pleural Medicine Unit, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Julius Janssen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marios Froudarakis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Dragan Subotic
- Clinic for Thoracic Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Phillippe Astoul
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases and Interventional Pulmonology, Hospital North Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Peter Licht
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ralph Schmid
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Scherpereel
- Pulmonary and Thoracic Oncology Department, Hospital of the University (CHU) of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Najib M Rahman
- Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Nick A Maskell
- Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol Medical School Translational Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
- North Bristol Lung Centre, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
- Task force chairperson
| | - Giuseppe Cardillo
- Task force chairperson
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Carlo Forlanini Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini, Rome, Italy
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8
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Xie LX, Wang XG, You WJ, Ma XB, Wang YG, Liu TT, Jiang SJ. Predictors of survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients with pleural effusion undergoing thoracoscopy. Thorac Cancer 2019; 10:1412-1418. [PMID: 31094069 PMCID: PMC6558471 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xu Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xing-Guang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Jie You
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong-Gang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shu-Juan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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9
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Bibby AC, Dorn P, Psallidas I, Porcel JM, Janssen J, Froudarakis M, Subotic D, Astoul P, Licht P, Schmid R, Scherpereel A, Rahman NM, Cardillo G, Maskell NA. ERS/EACTS statement on the management of malignant pleural effusions. Eur Respir J 2018; 52:13993003.00349-2018. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00349-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant pleural effusions (MPE) are a common pathology, treated by respiratory physicians and thoracic surgeons alike. In recent years, several well-designed randomised clinical trials have been published that have changed the landscape of MPE management. The European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) established a multidisciplinary collaboration of clinicians with expertise in the management of MPE with the aim of producing a comprehensive review of the scientific literature.Six areas of interest were identified, including the optimum management of symptomatic MPE, management of trapped lung in MPE, management of loculated MPE, prognostic factors in MPE, whether there is a role for oncological therapies prior to intervention for MPE and whether a histological diagnosis is always required in MPE.The literature revealed that talc pleurodesis and indwelling pleural catheters effectively manage the symptoms of MPE. There was limited evidence regarding the management of trapped lung or loculated MPE. The LENT score was identified as a validated tool for predicting survival in MPE, with Brims' prognostic score demonstrating utility in mesothelioma prognostication. There was no evidence to support the use of oncological therapies as an alternative to MPE drainage, and the literature supported the use of tissue biopsy as the gold standard for diagnosis and treatment planning.
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10
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Patients with malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) are heterogenous in their disease course, symptom severity, responses to cancer therapies, fluid recurrence rates, and thus need for definitive fluid control measures. To tailor the most appropriate treatment for individual patients, clinicians need to 'phenotype' the patients and predict their clinical course. This review highlights the recent efforts to develop better predictive tools and knowledge gaps for further research. RECENT FINDINGS The LENT scoring system, which includes pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase, performance status, serum neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and tumor type, allows prediction of the survival of patients with MPE. Symptomatic response after therapeutic pleural drainage is highly variable; ongoing studies aim to identify those who would derive symptomatic benefit from fluid drainages. Multivariate analysis found that patients with low pleural fluid pH [odds ratio (OR) 37.04], large effusions (OR 3.31), and increasing age (OR 1.02) were more likely to require pleurodesis or indwelling pleural catheter placement for fluid control. Better predictive tools for rate of fluid recurrence and likelihood of successful pleurodesis would help guide clinical decision-making. SUMMARY Phenotyping MPE would guide the formulation of optimal management for individual MPE patients.
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11
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Froudarakis ME, Plojoux J, Kaspi E, Anevlavis S, Laroumagne S, Karpathiou G, Roca E, Adler D, Dutau H, Astoul P. Positive pleural cytology is an indicator for visceral pleural invasion in metastatic pleural effusions. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2017; 12:1011-1016. [DOI: 10.1111/crj.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marios E. Froudarakis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School; Democritus University of Thrace; Alexandroupolis Greece
| | - Jerôme Plojoux
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; University Hospitals of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
| | - Elise Kaspi
- INSERM, GMGF UMRS 910; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Hôpital la Timone; Service de Biologie Cellulaire; Marseille France
| | - Stavros Anevlavis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School; Democritus University of Thrace; Alexandroupolis Greece
| | - Sophie Laroumagne
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology; University Hospital of Ioannina; Ioannina Greece
| | - Elisa Roca
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
| | - Dan Adler
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; University Hospitals of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
| | - Hervé Dutau
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
| | - Philippe Astoul
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
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12
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Yin T, Wang G, He S, Shen G, Su C, Zhang Y, Wei X, Ye T, Li L, Yang S, Li D, Guo F, Mo Z, Wan Y, Ai P, Zhou X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wei Y. Malignant Pleural Effusion and ascites Induce Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stem-like Cell Properties via the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/Akt/Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Pathway. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:26750-26761. [PMID: 27756837 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.753236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural effusion (PE) and ascites, common clinical manifestations in advanced cancer patients, are associated with a poor prognosis. However, the biological characteristics of malignant PE and ascites are not clarified. Here we report that malignant PE and ascites can induce a frequent epithelial-mesenchymal transition program and endow tumor cells with stem cell properties with high efficiency, which promotes tumor growth, chemoresistance, and immune evasion. We determine that this epithelial-mesenchymal transition process is mainly dependent on VEGF, one initiator of the PI3K/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. From the clinical observation, we define a therapeutic option with VEGF antibody for malignant PE and ascites. Taken together, our findings clarify a novel biological characteristic of malignant PE and ascites in cancer progression and provide a promising and available strategy for cancer patients with recurrent/refractory malignant PE and ascites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yin
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guoping Wang
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Sisi He
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guobo Shen
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chao Su
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tinghong Ye
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ling Li
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dan Li
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fuchun Guo
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zeming Mo
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang Wan
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ping Ai
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhou
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yantong Liu
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- From the Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
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13
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Zhou M, Li M, Yang H, Hu C. [Therapeutical effects of pleural injecting recombinant human endostain to
malignant pleural effusion nude mice model]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2015; 18:266-71. [PMID: 25975296 PMCID: PMC6015210 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2015.05.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 恶性胸腔积液(malignant pleural effusion, MPE)临床预后不佳,胸腔内抗血管治疗可能对恶性胸腔积液具有治疗作用,本研究旨在探讨胸腔内注射重组人血管内皮抑素、顺铂、重组人血管内皮抑素联合顺铂对裸鼠恶性胸腔积液的治疗作用。 方法 BALB/c裸鼠胸膜腔内注射Lewis肺癌细胞(Lewis lung cancer cell, LCC)构建恶性胸腔积液模型,造模后分别胸腔内注射重组人血管内皮抑素(E)、顺铂(P)以及重组人血管内皮抑素联合顺铂(EP)并分析各组裸鼠胸腔积液量、胸膜肿瘤微血管密度(micro vessel density, MVD)以及血管生成、凋亡相关基因的表达变化。 结果 重组人血管内皮抑素及重组人血管内皮抑素联合顺铂胸腔内注射可以使裸鼠MPE量减少,且与裸鼠胸腔肿瘤组织MVD下降呈正相关;且重组人血管内皮抑素及重组人血管内皮抑素联合顺铂胸腔内注射后,MPE裸鼠胸腔肿瘤组织血管内皮生长因子(Vescular epidermal growth factor-α, VEGF-α)表达下降、低氧诱导因子-α(hypoxia induced factor-1, HIF1-α)表达升高。 结论 胸腔内注射LLC细胞可成功制作裸鼠MPE模型。重组人血管内皮抑素裸鼠胸膜腔内注射对MPE裸鼠具有治疗作用,其治疗作用可能是通过下调VEGF-α,抑制肿瘤新生血管生成,下调微血管密度而达成的。
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Huaping Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Hunan 410008, China
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14
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Medical thoracoscopy unveils a hidden choroidal melanoma. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015; 12:782-4. [PMID: 25965542 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201501-013le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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15
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Conner JR, Cibas ES, Hornick JL, Qian X. Wilms tumor 1/cytokeratin dual-color immunostaining reveals distinctive staining patterns in metastatic melanoma, metastatic carcinoma, and mesothelial cells in pleural fluids: An effective first-line test for the workup of malignant effusions. Cancer Cytopathol 2014; 122:586-95. [DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James R. Conner
- Department of Pathology; Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Edmund S. Cibas
- Department of Pathology; Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Jason L. Hornick
- Department of Pathology; Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Xiaohua Qian
- Department of Pathology; Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
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16
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Stathopoulos GT, Kalomenidis I. Malignant pleural effusion: tumor-host interactions unleashed. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 186:487-92. [PMID: 22652027 PMCID: PMC5650050 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201203-0465pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) poses a significant clinical problem. Current nonetiologic management is suboptimal in terms of efficacy and safety. In light of recent research progress, we propose herein a new view of MPE development, which may rapidly translate into meaningful changes in therapeutics. In addition to tumor-induced impairment of pleural fluid drainage, pertinent findings point toward another pathway to MPE formation: a vicious loop of interactions between pleural-based tumor cells and the host vasculature and immune system that results in increased net fluid production via enhanced plasma extravasation into the pleural space. The ability of tumor cells to trigger this cascade likely rests on a specific and distinct transcriptional repertoire, which results in important vasoactive events in the pleural space. Although the characterization of tumor-derived factors responsible for MPE development is in the making, an additional, indirect path to MPE was recently demonstrated: tumor cells recruit and co-opt host cells and mediators, which, in turn, amplify tumor cell-primed fluid leakage and impact tumor cell functions. Importantly, recent evidence suggests that the biologic events that culminate in clinical MPE are likely amenable to therapeutic inhibition and even prevention. In this perspective, the scientific basis for an update of current concepts of MPE formation is highlighted. Key questions for future research are posed. Finally, a vision for novel, effective, safe, and convenient treatment modalities that can be offered to outpatients with MPE is set forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios T Stathopoulos
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Basic Biomedical Sciences Building, 2nd floor, Room B40, 1 Asklepiou Street, University Campus (Panepistimioupolis), 26504 Rio, Greece.
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