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Piazza A, Spiriev T, Corvino S, Corrivetti F, Laleva L, Iaconetta G, de Notaris M. The Course of the Trochlear Nerve Presented via a 3-Dimensional Photorealistic Anatomic Model. World Neurosurg 2024; 186:e156-e160. [PMID: 38548050 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several factors contribute to the anatomical complexity of the trochlear nerve, including small diameter, complex and longest intracranial course, deep location, and numerous neurovascular relationships. A 3-dimensional (3D) photorealistic model of the cranial nerves provides a detailed and immersive representation of the anatomy, enabling one to improve surgical planning, advanced surgical research, and training. The purpose of this work is to present a 3D photogrammetric study for a more intuitive and interactive way to explore and describe the entire course of trochlear nerve. METHODS Two injected-fixed head human specimens (4 sides) were examined. The dissection protocol was divided into the following steps: 1) brain hemisphere exposure; 2) hemispherectomy dissecting all cranial nerves and partial removal of the free edge of the tentorium; 3) middle fossa and lateral wall of cavernous sinus exposure; and 4) orbital exposure. A detailed 3D photogrammetric model was generated for each dissection step. RESULTS Four main volumetric models were generated during a step-by-step layered dissection of the entire nerve pathway highlighting its different segments. Finally, a full and integrated model of the entire course of the nerve was created. The models are available for visualization on monoscopic display, virtual, and augmented reality environment. CONCLUSIONS The present photogrammetric model provides a more comprehensive understanding of the nerve's anatomy in its different segments, allows for customizable views thus simulating different perspectives, and can be a valuable alternative to traditional dissections. It is an advanced tool for surgical planning and surgical simulation as well as virtual reality representation of the anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Piazza
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, EBRIS Foundation, Salerno, Italy
| | - Toma Spiriev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem Cityclinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sergio Corvino
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, EBRIS Foundation, Salerno, Italy; Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem Cityclinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, Bulgaria; Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Neurosurgical Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Corrivetti
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, EBRIS Foundation, Salerno, Italy; Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem Cityclinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, Bulgaria; Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Neurosurgical Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy; Department of Neurosurgery, San Luca Hospital, Vallo della Lucania, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Lili Laleva
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem Cityclinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Giorgio Iaconetta
- Unit of Neurosurgery, University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Matteo de Notaris
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, EBRIS Foundation, Salerno, Italy; Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem Cityclinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, Bulgaria; Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Neurosurgical Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy; Department of Neurosurgery, San Luca Hospital, Vallo della Lucania, Salerno, Italy; Unit of Neurosurgery, University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy; Neuroanatomy Committee of the Italian Society of Neurosurgery, SINch, Italy
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Jiang N, Jiang Z, Huang Y, Sun M, Sun X, Huan Y, Li F. Application of augmented reality models of canine skull in veterinary anatomical education. ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION 2024; 17:546-557. [PMID: 38238283 DOI: 10.1002/ase.2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Veterinary anatomy plays a crucial role in the curriculum for veterinary medicine and surgery. The integration of modern information technology in veterinary education can greatly benefit from innovative tools such as augmented reality (AR) applications. The aim of this study was to develop an accurate and interactive three-dimensional (3D) digital model of an animal skull using AR technology, aiming to enhance the learning of skull anatomy in veterinary anatomy education. In this study, a canine skull specimen was isolated, and the skull bones were scanned using a structured light scanner to create a 3D digital model of the canine skull, which was found to be indistinguishable from the original specimen by measurement of skull proportions. Furthermore, the interactive AR model of the canine skull, displayed using Unity3D, was subjected to testing and evaluation by 60 first-year veterinary medical students attending the gross anatomy of the animal. The students were divided into two groups: the traditional group and AR group. Both groups completed an objective test and a questionnaire. The evaluation of learning effectiveness in the test revealed no significant difference between the traditional group (which learned using textbooks and a canine skull specimen) and AR group (which learned using AR tools). However, in the questionnaire, students displayed high enthusiasm and interest in using the AR tool. Therefore, the application of AR tools can improve students' motivation for learning and enhance the comprehension of anatomical structures in three dimensions. Furthermore, this study exemplifies the use of AR as an auxiliary tool for teaching and learning in veterinary anatomy education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongling Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingju Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejing Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Huan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangzheng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Ren BO, Goldberg RW, Standefer KD, Teplensky JR, Drain JP, Mccarthy CF, Birch JG, Liu RW. Analyzing Pelvic Asymmetry by Sex and Ancestry: Insights From an Osteological Collection. Cureus 2024; 16:e59291. [PMID: 38813324 PMCID: PMC11135652 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pelvic asymmetry has been noted in pelvic imaging, and might influence the development of various spinal pathologies, most notably scoliosis. There is a limited understanding of the relationship between pelvic asymmetry and sex and ancestry, and limited use of 3D modeling. The purpose of this study was to identify pelvic asymmetry and morphology differences between sex and ancestry utilizing 3D modeling on young adults in an osteological collection. METHODS Thirty-three osteological pelvic specimens aged 18-25 years (average age 21.4 ± 2.0 years) were scanned to create virtual 3D models for analysis. Pelvic asymmetry and morphology were measured and compared across sex (male and female) and ancestry (European American and African American). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between the variables measured. RESULTS Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated statistically significant relationships between innominate-pelvic ring ratio and both sex (p < 0.001) and ancestry (p= 0.003) with larger ratios in male and African American specimens respectively. There was also a statistically significant relationship of greater sacral 1 coronal tilt in European American specimens (p= 0.042). There were no statistically significant differences with sex or ancestry in terms of innominate or sacral asymmetry. CONCLUSION Although there are differences in overall pelvic shape between sex and ancestry, there is no relationship between these two variables versus pelvic asymmetry in the axial or sagittal planes in young adult osteological specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan O Ren
- Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Robert W Goldberg
- Paediatric Pulmonology, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph P Drain
- Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Conor F Mccarthy
- Orthopaedics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, USA
| | - John G Birch
- Orthopaedics, Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, USA
| | - Raymond W Liu
- Paediatric Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, USA
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Wu SW, Nian ZZ, Lin W, Zhang XD. Unveiling the Intricacies of the Inner Ear Anatomy: Novel 3D-Printed Model for Detailed Visualization and Functional Demonstrations. J Laryngol Otol 2024:1-5. [PMID: 38465382 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215124000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This research aimed to print realistically detailed and magnified three-dimensional models of the inner ear, specifically focusing on visualising its complex labyrinth structure and functioning simulation. METHODS Temporal bone computed-tomography data were imported into Mimics software to construct an initial three-dimensional inner-ear model. Subsequently, the model was amplified and printed with precision using a three-dimensional printer. Five senior attending physicians evaluated the printed model using a Likert scale to gauge its morphological accuracy, clinical applicability and anatomical teaching value. RESULTS The printed inner-ear model effectively demonstrated the intricate internal structure. All five physicians agreed that the model closely resembled the real inner ear in shape and structure, and simulated certain inner-ear functions. The model was considered highly valuable for understanding anatomical structure and disorders. CONCLUSION The three-dimensionally printed inner-ear model is highly simulated and provides a valuable visual tool for studying inner-ear anatomy and clinical teaching, benefiting otologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Wu Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, An Ji Road, Feng Ze District, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Zhu Nian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, An Ji Road, Feng Ze District, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, An Ji Road, Feng Ze District, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, An Ji Road, Feng Ze District, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, P.R. China
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Brumpt E, Bertin E, Gabrion X, Coussens C, Tatu L, Louvrier A. Are 3D-printed anatomical models of the ear effective for teaching anatomy? A comparative pilot study versus cadaveric models. Surg Radiol Anat 2024; 46:103-115. [PMID: 38231228 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-023-03276-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the combination of chalkboard lectures and cadaveric models, the ear remains a complex anatomical structure that is difficult for medical students to grasp. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of a 3D-printed ear model for educating undergraduate medical students by comparing it with a conventional cadaveric model. METHODS Models of the ear comprising the outer ear, tympanic membrane, ossicles and inner ear were modeled and then 3D-printed at 6:1 and 10:1 scales based on cadaveric dissection and CT, cone-beam CT and micro/nano CT scans. Cadaveric models included two partially dissected dry temporal bones and ossicles. Twenty-four 3rd year medical students were given separate access to cadaveric models (n = 12) or 3D-printed models (n = 12). A pre-test and two post-tests were carried out to assess knowledge (n = 24). A satisfaction questionnaire focusing solely on the 3D-printed model, comprising 17 items assessed on a 5-point Likert scale, was completed by all study participants. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire comprising four items (realism, color, quality and satisfaction with the 3D-printed ear model) was given to three expert anatomy Professors. RESULTS The test scores on the first post-test were higher for the students who had used the 3D-printed models (p < 0.05). Overall satisfaction among the students and the experts was very high, averaging 4.7 on a 5-point Likert-type satisfaction scale. CONCLUSION This study highlights the overall pedagogical value of a 3D-printed model for learning ear anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléonore Brumpt
- Département d'Anatomie, University Franche-Comté, UFRSanté, 19 Rue Ambroise-Paré CS 71806, 25000, Besançon, France.
- Radiologie, CHU Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France.
- Laboratoire Nano MédecineImagerieThérapeutique, University Franche-Comté, EA 4662, 25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Eugénie Bertin
- Département d'Anatomie, University Franche-Comté, UFRSanté, 19 Rue Ambroise-Paré CS 71806, 25000, Besançon, France
- Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeStomatologie et Odontologie Hospitalière, CHU Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Xavier Gabrion
- Département de Mécanique Appliquée, University Franche-Comté, FEMTO-ST, CNRS/UFC/ENSMM/UTBM, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Camille Coussens
- Plateforme I3DM (Impression 3D Médicale), CHU Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Laurent Tatu
- Département d'Anatomie, University Franche-Comté, UFRSanté, 19 Rue Ambroise-Paré CS 71806, 25000, Besançon, France
- Neurologie, CHU Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques, University Franche-Comté, EA 481, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Aurélien Louvrier
- Laboratoire Nano MédecineImagerieThérapeutique, University Franche-Comté, EA 4662, 25000, Besançon, France
- Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeStomatologie et Odontologie Hospitalière, CHU Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
- Plateforme I3DM (Impression 3D Médicale), CHU Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
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Ali A, Morris JM, Decker SJ, Huang YH, Wake N, Rybicki FJ, Ballard DH. Clinical situations for which 3D printing is considered an appropriate representation or extension of data contained in a medical imaging examination: neurosurgical and otolaryngologic conditions. 3D Print Med 2023; 9:33. [PMID: 38008795 PMCID: PMC10680204 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-023-00192-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical three dimensional (3D) printing is performed for neurosurgical and otolaryngologic conditions, but without evidence-based guidance on clinical appropriateness. A writing group composed of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Special Interest Group on 3D Printing (SIG) provides appropriateness recommendations for neurologic 3D printing conditions. METHODS A structured literature search was conducted to identify all relevant articles using 3D printing technology associated with neurologic and otolaryngologic conditions. Each study was vetted by the authors and strength of evidence was assessed according to published guidelines. RESULTS Evidence-based recommendations for when 3D printing is appropriate are provided for diseases of the calvaria and skull base, brain tumors and cerebrovascular disease. Recommendations are provided in accordance with strength of evidence of publications corresponding to each neurologic condition combined with expert opinion from members of the 3D printing SIG. CONCLUSIONS This consensus guidance document, created by the members of the 3D printing SIG, provides a reference for clinical standards of 3D printing for neurologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafat Ali
- Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Summer J Decker
- Division of Imaging Research and Applied Anatomy, Department of Radiology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yu-Hui Huang
- Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nicole Wake
- Department of Research and Scientific Affairs, GE HealthCare, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank J Rybicki
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - David H Ballard
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
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Brumpt E, Bertin E, Tatu L, Louvrier A. 3D printing as a pedagogical tool for teaching normal human anatomy: a systematic review. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:783. [PMID: 37864193 PMCID: PMC10589929 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional-printed anatomical models (3DPAMs) appear to be a relevant tool due to their educational value and their feasibility. The objectives of this review were to describe and analyse the methods utilised for creating 3DPAMs used in teaching human anatomy and for evaluating its pedagogical contribution. METHODS An electronic search was conducted on PubMed using the following terms: education, school, learning, teaching, learn, teach, educational, three-dimensional, 3D, 3-dimensional, printing, printed, print, anatomy, anatomical, anatomically, and anatomic. Data retrieved included study characteristics, model design, morphological evaluation, educational performance, advantages, and disadvantages. RESULTS Of the 68 articles selected, the cephalic region was the most studied (33 articles); 51 articles mentioned bone printing. In 47 articles, the 3DPAM was designed from CT scans. Five printing processes were listed. Plastic and its derivatives were used in 48 studies. The cost per design ranged from 1.25 USD to 2800 USD. Thirty-seven studies compared 3DPAM to a reference model. Thirty-three articles investigated educational performance. The main advantages were visual and haptic qualities, effectiveness for teaching, reproducibility, customizability and manipulability, time savings, integration of functional anatomy, better mental rotation ability, knowledge retention, and educator/student satisfaction. The main disadvantages were related to the design: consistency, lack of detail or transparency, overly bright colours, long printing time, and high cost. CONCLUSION This systematic review demonstrates that 3DPAMs are feasible at a low cost and effective for teaching anatomy. More realistic models require access to more expensive 3D printing technologies and substantially longer design time, which would greatly increase the overall cost. Choosing an appropriate image acquisition modality is key. From a pedagogical viewpoint, 3DPAMs are effective tools for teaching anatomy, positively impacting the learning outcomes and satisfaction level. The pedagogical effectiveness of 3DPAMs seems to be best when they reproduce complex anatomical areas, and they are used by students early in their medical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléonore Brumpt
- University of Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, Besançon, 25000, France.
- Radiologie, CHU de Besançon, Besançon, 25000, France.
- Laboratoire Nano Médecine, Imagerie, Thérapeutique, EA 4662, University of Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, Besançon, F-25000, France.
- Anatomy Department, UFR Santé, 19 Rue Ambroise Paré, CS 71806, Besançon, F25030, France.
| | - Eugénie Bertin
- University of Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, Besançon, 25000, France
- Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, Stomatologie Et Odontologie Hospitalière, CHU de Besançon, Besançon, 25000, France
| | - Laurent Tatu
- University of Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, Besançon, 25000, France
- Neurologie, CHU de Besançon, Besançon, 25000, France
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives Et Cliniques, University Franche-Comté, EA 481, Besançon, F-25000, France
| | - Aurélien Louvrier
- University of Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, Besançon, 25000, France
- Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, Stomatologie Et Odontologie Hospitalière, CHU de Besançon, Besançon, 25000, France
- Plateforme I3DM (Impression 3D Médicale), CHU Besançon, Besançon, 25000, France
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Krogager ME, Fugleholm K, Mathiesen TI, Spiriev T. Simplified Easy-Accessible Smartphone-Based Photogrammetry for 3-Dimensional Anatomy Presentation Exemplified With a Photorealistic Cadaver-Based Model of the Intracranial and Extracranial Course of the Facial Nerve. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2023; 25:e71-e77. [PMID: 37321193 DOI: 10.1227/ons.0000000000000748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Smartphone-based photogrammetry (SMPhP) was recently presented as a practical and simple algorithm to create photorealistic 3-dimensional (3D) models that benefit from volumetric presentation of real anatomic dissections. Subsequently, there is a need to adapt the techniques for realistic depiction of layered anatomic structures, such as the course of cranial nerves and deep intracranial structures; the feasibility must be tested empirically. This study sought to adapt and test the technique for visualization of the combined intracranial and extracranial course of the facial nerve's complex anatomy and analyze feasibility and limitations. METHODS We dissected 1 latex-injected cadaver head to depict the facial nerve from the meatal to the extracranial portion. A smartphone camera alone was used to photograph the specimen, and dynamic lighting was applied to improve presentation of deep anatomic structures. Three-dimensional models were created with a cloud-based photogrammetry application. RESULTS Four 3D models were generated. Two models showed the extracranial portions of the facial nerve before and after removal of the parotid gland; 1 model showed the facial nerve in the fallopian canal after mastoidectomy, and 1 model showed the intratemporal segments. Relevant anatomic structures were annotated through a web-viewer platform. The photographic quality of the 3D models provided sufficient resolution for imaging of the extracranial and mastoid portions of the facial nerve, whereas imaging of the meatal segment only lacked sufficient precision and resolution. CONCLUSION A simple and accessible SMPhP algorithm allows 3D visualization of complex intracranial and extracranial neuroanatomy with sufficient detail to realistically depict superficial and deeper anatomic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus E Krogager
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kåre Fugleholm
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tiit I Mathiesen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Toma Spiriev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem City Clinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Youn JK, Park HS, Ko D, Yang HB, Kim HY, Yoon HB. Application of additional three-dimensional materials for education in pediatric anatomy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9973. [PMID: 37340064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted this study to investigate the effects of additional education using 3D visualization (3DV) and 3D printing (3DP) after applying 2D images for anatomical education in normal pediatric structures and congenital anomalies. For the production of 3DV and 3DP of the anatomical structures, computed tomography (CT) images of the four topics (the normal upper/lower abdomen, choledochal cyst, and imperforate anus) were used. Anatomical self-education and tests were administered to a total of 15 third-year medical students with these modules. Following the tests, surveys were conducted in order to evaluate satisfaction from students. In all four topics, there were significant increases in the test results with additional education with 3DV after initial self-study with CT (P < 0.05). The difference in scores was highest for the imperforate anus when 3DV supplemented the self-education. In the survey on the teaching modules, the overall satisfaction scores for 3DV and 3DP were 4.3 and 4.0 out of 5, respectively. When 3DV was added to pediatric abdominal anatomical education, we found an enhancement in understanding of normal structures and congenital anomalies. We can expect the application of 3D materials to become more widely used in anatomical education in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong Kee Youn
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Han Sang Park
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dayoung Ko
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Beom Yang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyounggi, Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Kim
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
| | - Hyun Bae Yoon
- Office of Medical Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kozee M, Weygand J, Andreozzi JM, Hunt D, Perez BA, Graham JA, Redler G. Methodology for computed tomography characterization of commercially available 3D printing materials for use in radiology/radiation oncology. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2023:e13999. [PMID: 37096305 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
3D printing in medical physics provides opportunities for creating patient-specific treatment devices and in-house fabrication of imaging/dosimetry phantoms. This study characterizes several commercial fused deposition 3D printing materials with some containing nonstandard compositions. It is important to explore their similarities to human tissues and other materials encountered in patients. Uniform cylinders with infill from 50 to 100% at six evenly distributed intervals were printed using 13 different filaments. A novel approach rotating infill angle 10o between each layer avoids unwanted patterns. Five materials contained high-Z/metallic components. A clinical CT scanner with a range of tube potentials (70, 80, 100, 120, 140 kVp) was used. Density and average Hounsfield unit (HU) were measured. A commercial GAMMEX phantom mimicking various human tissues provides a comparison. Utility of the lookup tables produced is demonstrated. A methodology for calibrating print materials/parameters for a desired HU is presented. Density and HU were determined for all materials as a function of tube voltage (kVp) and infill percentage. The range of HU (-732.0-10047.4 HU) and physical densities (0.36-3.52 g/cm3 ) encompassed most tissues/materials encountered in radiology/radiotherapy applications with many overlapping those of human tissues. Printing filaments doped with high-Z materials demonstrated increased attenuation due to the photoelectric effect with decreased kVp, as found in certain endogenous materials (e.g., bone). HU was faithfully reproduced (within one standard deviation) in a 3D-printed mimic of a commercial anthropomorphic phantom section. Characterization of commercially available 3D print materials facilitates custom object fabrication for use in radiology and radiation oncology, including human tissue and common exogenous implant mimics. This allows for cost reduction and increased flexibility to fabricate novel phantoms or patient-specific devices imaging and dosimetry purposes. A formalism for calibrating to specific CT scanner, printer, and filament type/batch is presented. Utility is demonstrated by printing a commercial anthropomorphic phantom copy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Kozee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Joseph Weygand
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Dylan Hunt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Bradford A Perez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jasmine A Graham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Gage Redler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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11
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3D printed microfluidics for bioanalysis: A review of recent advancements and applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Metzner F, Neupetsch C, Carabello A, Pietsch M, Wendler T, Drossel WG. Biomechanical validation of additively manufactured artificial femoral bones. BMC Biomed Eng 2022; 4:6. [PMID: 35927720 PMCID: PMC9354338 DOI: 10.1186/s42490-022-00063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Replicating the mechanical behavior of human bones, especially cancellous bone tissue, is challenging. Typically, conventional bone models primarily consist of polyurethane foam surrounded by a solid shell. Although nearly isotropic foam components have mechanical properties similar to cancellous bone, they do not represent the anisotropy and inhomogeneity of bone architecture. To consider the architecture of bone, models were developed whose core was additively manufactured based on CT data. This core was subsequently coated with glass fiber composite. Specimens consisting of a gyroid-structure were fabricated using fused filament fabrication (FFF) techniques from different materials and various filler levels. Subsequent compression tests showed good accordance between the mechanical behavior of the printed specimens and human bone. The unidirectional fiberglass composite showed higher strength and stiffness than human cortical bone in 3-point bending tests, with comparable material behaviors being observed. During biomechanical investigation of the entire assembly, femoral prosthetic stems were inserted into both artificial and human bones under controlled conditions, while recording occurring forces and strains. All of the artificial prototypes, made of different materials, showed analogous behavior to human bone. In conclusion, it was shown that low-cost FFF technique can be used to generate valid bone models and selectively modify their properties by changing the infill.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Metzner
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786ZESBO Centre for Research on Musculoskeletal Systems, Leipzig University, Semmelweisstraße 14, 04103 Leipzig, Germany ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C. Neupetsch
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.461651.10000 0004 0574 2038Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology, Dresden, Germany ,grid.6810.f0000 0001 2294 5505Professorship of Adaptronics and Lightweight Design, Chemnitz Universtiy of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - A. Carabello
- grid.461651.10000 0004 0574 2038Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology, Dresden, Germany ,grid.6810.f0000 0001 2294 5505Professorship of Adaptronics and Lightweight Design, Chemnitz Universtiy of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - M. Pietsch
- grid.461651.10000 0004 0574 2038Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - T. Wendler
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786ZESBO Centre for Research on Musculoskeletal Systems, Leipzig University, Semmelweisstraße 14, 04103 Leipzig, Germany ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - W.-G. Drossel
- grid.461651.10000 0004 0574 2038Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology, Dresden, Germany ,grid.6810.f0000 0001 2294 5505Professorship of Adaptronics and Lightweight Design, Chemnitz Universtiy of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
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13
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Santos VA, Barreira MP, Saad KR. Technological resources for teaching and learning about human anatomy in the medical course: Systematic review of literature. ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION 2022; 15:403-419. [PMID: 34664384 DOI: 10.1002/ase.2142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The consolidation of technology as an alternative strategy to cadaveric dissection for teaching anatomy in medical courses was accelerated by the recent Covid-19 pandemic, which caused the need for social distance policies and the closure of laboratories and classrooms. Consequently, new technologies were created, and those already been developed started to be better explored. However, information about many of these instruments and resources is not available to anatomy teachers. This systematic review presents the technological means for teaching and learning about human anatomy developed and applied in medical courses in the last ten years, besides the infrastructure necessary to use them. Studies in English, Portuguese, and Spanish were searched in MEDLINE, Scopus, ERIC, LILACS, and SciELO databases, initially resulting in a total of 875 identified articles, from which 102 were included in the analysis. They were classified according to the type of technology used: three-dimensional (3D) printing (n = 22), extended reality (n = 49), digital tools (n = 23), and other technological resources (n = 8). It was made a detailed description of technologies, including the stage of the medical curriculum in which it was applied, the infrastructure utilized, and which contents were covered. The analysis shows that between all technologies, those related to the internet and 3D printing are the most applicable, both in student learning and the financial cost necessary for its structural implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius A Santos
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Matheus P Barreira
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Karen R Saad
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
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14
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Er K, Patsalis D, Katsigiannis S, Schmieder K, Baskaya MK, Gierthmuehlen M. Brainatomy-Demystifying the Temporal Bone, Rule of 3-2-1. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2022; 22:35-43. [PMID: 35007241 DOI: 10.1227/ons.0000000000000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The temporal bone is difficult to comprehend in three-dimensional (3D) space. We provide a novel 3D mental model of the temporal bone which helps clinicians and surgeons dealing with it in teaching, diagnosing, conservative managements, and preoperative and intraoperative orientation. This study is part of the scientific project Brainatomy. OBJECTIVE To analyze and simplify the temporal bone anatomy to enhance its comprehension and long-term retention. METHODS The study was conducted at the Neurosurgical Department of the University Hospital of Bochum, Germany. We retrospectively analyzed data sets of 221 adult patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) of the skull (n = 167) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain (n = 54). A total of 142 patients with their respective imaging scans remained in our pool of interest after excluding 79 scans. The raw digital imaging and communications in medicine scans were transformed into 3D objects. Spatial analyses were then conducted, and all collected data were used to create our own 3D model of the temporal bone. RESULTS We define the temporal bone as a prism-shaped model and divide it into 6 compartments: apex, neurovascular, mastoid, blank, tympanic, and temporomandibular compartments. The division into compartments has been achieved with the "Rule of 3-2-1." Finally, the 3D model has been used to record a video (Video), using a novel and "easy-to-follow" didactic approach. CONCLUSION This simplified 3D model along with the corresponding video (Video) potentially enhances the efficiency of studying temporal none anatomy with a novel "easy-to-follow" approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Er
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | - Kirsten Schmieder
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mustafa K Baskaya
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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15
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Yuan ZM, Zhang XD, Wu SW, Nian ZZ, Liao J, Lin W, Zhuang LM. A simple and convenient 3D printed temporal bone model for drilling simulating surgery. Acta Otolaryngol 2022; 142:19-22. [PMID: 34928778 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2021.2015079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is still far away from most of us in that it requires complex 3D modeling. AIMS/OBJECTIVES To investigate a more precision, simple, convenient and economical three-dimensional (3D) printed temporal bone model printed by a commercial desktop 3D printer, which can be widely promoted and applied in the training of beginners in otology. MATERIAL AND METHODS The CT data of the temporal bone were imported into Mimics to construct a 3D digital model of the temporal bone. After loaded into a high-precision 3D printer, a high-precision temporal bone model was printed at a scale of 1:1. Then, the model was evaluated by 5 senior attending physicians, including its morphological accuracy, simulation about surgery, advantages and educational value, using the 7-point Likert scale. RESULTS A life-like temporal bone model was successfully printed out. Five senior attending physicians all thought that the printed model was similar to the natural temporal bone in physical properties and the haptic sensation of bone drilling, and was accurate, simple, convenient and effective. In addition, the model was considered to be of high application value in the teaching of temporal bone anatomy and surgery simulation, which had a material cost of only 3 dollars. CONCLUSIONS The high-precision 3D printed temporal bone model is highly similar to the natural temporal bone, and can be conveniently and effectively used in the training of simulating temporal bone surgery for beginners in otology. Its production is simple and economical, so it can be popularized on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ming Yuan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shou-Wu Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Zhu Nian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wen Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ming Zhuang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, P.R. China
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16
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Colombo G, Di Bari M, Canzano F, De Virgilio A, Cugini G, Mercante G, Spriano G, Ferreli F. 3D-4K exoscope-assisted temporal bone dissection: a new frontier in surgical training. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 279:3875-3880. [PMID: 34719728 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-07137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess if 3D-4K exoscope is a valuable tool for temporal bone dissection and to evaluate its teaching potential. METHODS Six consecutive 3D-4K-exoscope-assisted cortical mastoidectomies were performed by a novice, an intermediate and an expert surgeon (two dissections each). All dissections were entirely recorded and later evaluated independently by three other experienced surgeons. The dissection end-product was evaluated according to the Melbourne Mastoidectomy Scale (MMS). Paired t test was used to assess whether novice and intermediate surgeons have a score improvement in the second dissection compared to the first one. Surgeons' interactions, depth effect, and 3D impression were also assessed to perform a subjective analysis. RESULTS Mean MMS scores for the novice, intermediate and expert surgeon were 11.3 ± 2.8, 13.8 ± 3.9 and 19 ± 1.3, respectively. Paired t test demonstrated a statically significant improvement between the first and the second dissection both for the novice and the intermediate surgeon (+ 4.7 and + 7 points; p = 0.0002). A high-quality magnification of the temporal bone was obtained, allowing the expert surgeon to identify all the anatomical structures without injuring them. The exoscope was capable of providing a high involvement in the dissections with very effective interactions between the expert surgeon and the trainees, that had access to the same surgical field view. CONCLUSION 3D-4K-exoscope resulted adequate for a safe and effective mastoidectomy and showed a high potential for training and educational purposes. It can represent a valid option for surgical training of temporal bone dissection and a new interactive tool to understand the complex temporal bone anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Colombo
- Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele , MI, Italy.,Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | - Matteo Di Bari
- Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele , MI, Italy. .,Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy.
| | - Federica Canzano
- Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | - Armando De Virgilio
- Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele , MI, Italy.,Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cugini
- Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mercante
- Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele , MI, Italy.,Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spriano
- Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele , MI, Italy.,Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | - Fabio Ferreli
- Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele , MI, Italy.,Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
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17
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de Souza MA, Bento RF, Lopes PT, de Pinto Rangel DM, Formighieri L. Three-dimensional printing in otolaryngology education: a systematic review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 279:1709-1719. [PMID: 34533591 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-07088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The progressive expansion of the technology that facilitates the development of three-dimensional (3D) printing within the field of otorhinolaryngology has opened up a new study front in medicine. The objective of this study is to systematically review scientific publications describing the development of 3D models having applications in otorhinolaryngology, with emphasis on subareas with a large number of publications, as well as the countries in which the publications are concentrated. METHODS In this literature review, specific criteria were used to search for publications on 3D models. The review considered articles published in English on the development of 3D models to teach otorhinolaryngology. The studies with presurgical purposes or without validation of the task by surgeons were excluded from this review. RESULTS This review considered 39 articles published in 10 countries between 2012 and 2021. The works published prior to 2012 were not considered as per the inclusion criteria for the research. Among the 39 simulators selected for review, otology models comprised a total of 15 publications (38%); they were followed by rhinology, with 12 (31%); laryngology, with 8 (21%); and head and neck surgery, with 4 publications (10%). CONCLUSION The use of 3D technology and printing is well established in the context of surgical education and simulation models. The importance of developing new technological tools to enhance 3D printing and the current limitations in obtaining appropriate animal and cadaver models signify the necessity of investing more in 3D models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Antonio de Souza
- Otolaryngology Department, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguir 255 6º, Andar sala 6167, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Ferreira Bento
- Otolaryngology Department, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguir 255 6º, Andar sala 6167, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Paula Tardim Lopes
- Otolaryngology Department, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguir 255 6º, Andar sala 6167, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Denis Melo de Pinto Rangel
- Otolaryngology Department, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguir 255 6º, Andar sala 6167, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Lucas Formighieri
- Radiology Department, Radiology at DAPI, Catholic Ladies League of Curitiba, Curitiba, Brazil
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18
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Byvaltsev V, Polkin R, Bereznyak D, Giers MB, Hernandez PA, Shepelev V, Aliyev M. 3D-printed cranial models simulating operative field depth for microvascular training in neurosurgery. Surg Neurol Int 2021; 12:213. [PMID: 34084640 PMCID: PMC8168712 DOI: 10.25259/sni_849_2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skills required for neurosurgical operations using microsurgical techniques in a deep operating field are difficult to master in the operating room without risk to patients. Although there are many microsurgical training models, most do not use a skull model to simulate a deep field. To solve this problem, 3D models were created to provide increased training in the laboratory before the operating room, improving patient safety. METHODS A patient's head was scanned using computed tomography. The data were reconstructed and converted into a standard 3D printing file. The skull was printed with several openings to simulate common surgical approaches. These models were then used to create a deep operating field while practicing on a chicken thigh (femoral artery anastomosis) and on a rat (abdominal aortic anastomosis). RESULTS The advantages of practicing with the 3D printed models were clearly demonstrated by our trainees, including appropriate hand position on the skull, becoming comfortable with the depth of the anastomosis, and simulating proper skull angle and rigid fixation. One limitation is the absence of intracranial structures, which is being explored in future work. CONCLUSION This neurosurgical model can improve microsurgery training by recapitulating the depth of a real operating field. Improved training can lead to increased accuracy and efficiency of surgical procedures, thereby minimizing the risk to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Byvaltsev
- Department of Neurosurgery and Innovative Medicine, Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Roman Polkin
- Department of Neurosurgery and Innovative Medicine, Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry Bereznyak
- Department of Neurosurgery and Innovative Medicine, Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Morgan B. Giers
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States
| | - Phillip A. Hernandez
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States
| | - Valery Shepelev
- Department of Neurosurgery and Innovative Medicine, Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Marat Aliyev
- Department of Neurosurgery and Innovative Medicine, Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia
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Aussedat C, Venail F, Marx M, Boullaud L, Bakhos D. Training in temporal bone drilling. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2021; 139:140-145. [PMID: 33722469 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Acquiring surgical experience in the operating room is increasingly difficult. Simulation of temporal bone drilling is therefore essential, and more and more widely used. The aim of this review is to clarify the limitations of classical surgical training, and to describe the different types of simulation available for temporal bone drilling. Systematic Medline search used the terms: "temporal bone" and training and surgery; "temporal bone" and training and drilling. Seventy-one of the 467 articles identified were relevant for this review. Various temporal bone simulators have been created to get around the limitations (ethical, financial, cultural, working time) of temporal bone drilling. They can be classified as cadaver, animal, physical or virtual models. The main advantages of physical and virtual prototyping are their ease of access, the possibility of repeating gestures on a standardised model, and the absence of ethical issues. Validation is essential before these simulators can be included in the curriculum, to ensure efficacy and thus improve patient safety in the operating room.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Aussedat
- Service ORL et chirurgie cervicofaciale, CHU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France.
| | - F Venail
- Service ORL et chirurgie cervicofaciale, CHU de Montpellier, avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - M Marx
- Service ORL et chirurgie cervicofaciale, CHU de Toulouse, place du Docteur-Baylac, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - L Boullaud
- Service ORL et chirurgie cervicofaciale, CHU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - D Bakhos
- Service ORL et chirurgie cervicofaciale, CHU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
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