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Calvo E, Corbacho-Alonso N, Sastre-Oliva T, Nuñez E, Baena-Galan P, Hernandez-Fernandez G, Rodriguez-Cola M, Jimenez-Velasco I, Corrales FJ, Gambarrutta-Malfati C, Gutierrez-Henares F, Lopez-Dolado E, Gil-Agudo A, Vazquez J, Mourino-Alvarez L, Barderas MG. Why Does COVID-19 Affect Patients with Spinal Cord Injury Milder? A Case-Control Study: Results from Two Observational Cohorts. J Pers Med 2020; 10:E182. [PMID: 33096722 PMCID: PMC7712183 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented global challenge in this century. COVID-19 is a viral respiratory infection, yet the clinical characteristics of this infection differ in spinal cord injury patients from those observed in the general population. Cough and asthenia are the most frequent symptoms in this population. Moreover, infected spinal cord injury patients rarely present complications that require admission to an Intensive Care Unit, in contrast to the general population. Thus, there is a clear need to understand how COVID-19 affects spinal cord injury patients from a molecular perspective. Here, we employed an -omics strategy in order to identify variations in protein abundance in spinal cord injury patients with and without COVID-19. After a quantitative differential analysis using isobaric tags and mass spectrometry and a verification phase, we have found differences mainly related to coagulation and platelet activation. Our results suggest a key role of heparin in the response of spinal cord injury patients to COVID-19 infection, showing a significant correlation between these proteins and heparin dose. Although the number of patients is limited, these data may shed light on new therapeutic options to improve the management these patients and, possibly, those of the general population as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Calvo
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.); (E.N.); (P.B.-G.)
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory and CIBER-CV, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Corbacho-Alonso
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (N.C.-A.); (T.S.-O.); (G.H.-F.); (L.M.-A.)
| | - Tamara Sastre-Oliva
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (N.C.-A.); (T.S.-O.); (G.H.-F.); (L.M.-A.)
| | - Estefania Nuñez
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.); (E.N.); (P.B.-G.)
| | - Patricia Baena-Galan
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.); (E.N.); (P.B.-G.)
| | - German Hernandez-Fernandez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (N.C.-A.); (T.S.-O.); (G.H.-F.); (L.M.-A.)
| | - Miguel Rodriguez-Cola
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (I.J.-V.); (C.G.-M.)
| | - Irena Jimenez-Velasco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (I.J.-V.); (C.G.-M.)
| | - Fernando J. Corrales
- Proteomics Facility, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Claudia Gambarrutta-Malfati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (I.J.-V.); (C.G.-M.)
| | - Francisco Gutierrez-Henares
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (F.G.-H.); (E.L.-D.); (A.G.-A.)
| | - Elisa Lopez-Dolado
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (F.G.-H.); (E.L.-D.); (A.G.-A.)
| | - Angel Gil-Agudo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (F.G.-H.); (E.L.-D.); (A.G.-A.)
| | - Jesus Vazquez
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.); (E.N.); (P.B.-G.)
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory and CIBER-CV, CNIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Mourino-Alvarez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (N.C.-A.); (T.S.-O.); (G.H.-F.); (L.M.-A.)
| | - Maria G. Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (N.C.-A.); (T.S.-O.); (G.H.-F.); (L.M.-A.)
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