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Rivero-Santana B, Jurado-Roman A, Pascual I, Li CH, Jimenez P, Estevez-Loureiro R, Cepas-Guillén P, Benito-González T, Serrador A, De La Torre-Hernandez JM, Avanzas P, Fernandez-Peregrina E, Nombela L, Caneiro-Queija B, Freixas X, Fernandez-Vazquez F, Amat-Santos I, Lee DH, Leon V, Arzamendi D, Moreno R, Galeote G. Combined Use of MITRACLIP and Ventricular ASSIST Devices in Cardiogenic Shock: MITRA-ASSIST Registry. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4408. [PMID: 39124675 PMCID: PMC11312753 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13154408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) and mitral regurgitation (MI) have a prohibitive risk that contraindicates surgical treatment. Although the feasibility of transcatheter edge-to-edge therapy (TEER) has been demonstrated in this setting, the benefit of the combined use of TEER with mechanical circulatory support devices (MCS) has not been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of TEER in patients with MCS. Methods: The MITRA-ASSIST study is a retrospective multicentre Spanish registry that included patients with MR and CS who underwent TEER in combination with MCS. The primary endpoint was death from any cause at 12 months. The secondary endpoint was a composite of death from any cause or hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months. Results: A total of twenty-four patients in nine high-volume Spanish centres (66.2 (51-82) years, 70.8% female, EuroSCORE II 20.4 ± 17.8) were included. Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction was the main CS aetiology (56%), and the most implanted MCS was the intra-aortic balloon pump (82.6%), followed by ECMO (8.7%), IMPELLACP® (4.3%), or a combination of both (4.3%). Procedural success was 95.8%, with 87.5% in-hospital survival. At 12-month follow-up, 25.0% of patients died, and 33.3% had a composite event of death from any cause or hospitalisation for heart failure. Conclusions: TEER in patients with concomitant CS and MR who require MCS appears to be a promising therapeutic alternative with a high device procedural success rate and acceptable mortality and heart failure readmission rates at follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Rivero-Santana
- Cardiology Department, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.); (G.G.)
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Jurado-Roman
- Cardiology Department, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.); (G.G.)
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isaac Pascual
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain (P.A.); (V.L.)
| | - Chi Hion Li
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (C.H.L.); (E.F.-P.); (D.A.)
| | - Pilar Jimenez
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (P.J.); (L.N.)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Serrador
- Hospital Clínico de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (A.S.); (I.A.-S.)
| | | | - Pablo Avanzas
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain (P.A.); (V.L.)
| | | | - Luis Nombela
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (P.J.); (L.N.)
| | | | - Xavier Freixas
- Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (P.C.-G.); (X.F.)
| | | | | | - Dae-Hyun Lee
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain; (J.M.D.L.T.-H.); (D.-H.L.)
| | - Victor Leon
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain (P.A.); (V.L.)
| | - Dabit Arzamendi
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (C.H.L.); (E.F.-P.); (D.A.)
| | - Raul Moreno
- Cardiology Department, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.); (G.G.)
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Galeote
- Cardiology Department, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.); (G.G.)
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Dvir T, Amsalem I, Carasso S, Gilad O, Asher E, Dvir D, Postell YY, Glikson M, Marmor D, Shuvy M. Pulmonary venous flow patterns associated with long-term mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge outcomes. Hellenic J Cardiol 2024:S1109-9666(24)00119-2. [PMID: 38821380 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2024.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) is a prominent therapeutic option for mitral regurgitation (MR) patients. However, it lacks objective parameters to assess procedural efficacy. This study aims to investigate pulmonary venous (PV) flow as a surrogate for valvular hemodynamics and its associations to clinical outcomes. METHODS Consecutive MR patients who underwent TEER in our center from January 2020 to October 2021 were retrospectively investigated. PV flow parameters were measured before and after TEER, including velocity (cm/s), velocity time integral (VTI) (cm), and systolic/diastolic ratios. Primary outcomes were 1, 6, and 12 months heart failure hospitalizations (HFH) and 1 year all-cause mortality. RESULTS The cohort consisted of 80 patients. The mean age was 74.76 ± 10.13 years, 26 with primary and 54 with secondary MR. Systolic wave parameters improved significantly after TEER: mean peak velocity increased from 9.94 ± 31.95 to 35.74 ± 15.03 cm/s, and VTI from 3.62 ± 5.99 to 8.33 ± 4.72 cm. Furthermore, systolic to diastolic VTI and peak-velocities ratios showed significant improvement of 0.39 ± 0.63 to 0.81 ± 0.47 and 0.23 ± 0.66 to 0.91 ± 0.43, respectively. Using multivariable analysis, higher post-procedural SVTI was associated with less HFH: 1-month (OR = 0.72, CI [0.52,0.98]), 6-months (OR = 0.8, CI [0.66,0.97]), 1-year (OR = 0.85, CI [0.73,0.99]), as well as reduced 1-year mortality (OR = 0.64 95% CI [0.45,0.91]). Furthermore, compared to patients with SVTI ≥ 3, patients with SVTI < 3 had a higher risk for HFH at: 1-month (OR = 16.59, CI [1.48,186.02]), 6-months (OR = 12.2, CI [1.69,88.07]), and 1-year (OR = 8.61, CI [1.27,58.27]), as well as elevated 1-year mortality (OR = 8.07, 95% CI [1.04,62.28]). CONCLUSION PV flow was significantly improved following TEER, and several hemodynamic parameters were associated with HFH and mortality. These results may offer a basis for establishing future procedural goals to ensure better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Dvir
- Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Military Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Tzameret Program, Israel
| | - Itshak Amsalem
- Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shemy Carasso
- Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Or Gilad
- Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Military Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Tzameret Program, Israel
| | - Elad Asher
- Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Danny Dvir
- Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Yan Postell
- Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Military Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Tzameret Program, Israel
| | - Michael Glikson
- Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Marmor
- Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mony Shuvy
- Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Saito T, Kuno T, Ueyama HA, Kampaktsis PN, Kolte D, Misumida N, Takagi H, Aikawa T, Latib A. Transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation in patients with cardiogenic shock: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2024; 103:340-347. [PMID: 38156508 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.30944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently little evidence for transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (TEER) for mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). Therefore, this study investigated the characteristics and outcomes of CS patients who underwent TEER for MR. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE were searched in July 2023. Case series and observational studies reporting clinical characteristics and outcomes in CS patients with MR who underwent TEER were included. We performed a one-group meta-analysis using a random effects model. RESULTS A total of 4060 patients from 7 case series and 5 observational studies were included. The mean age was 68.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 64.1-72.2) years, and 41.4% of patients (95% CI: 39.1%-43.7%) were female. Pre-TEER, severe MR was present in 85.3% (95% CI: 76.1%-91.3%) of patients. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 36.7% (95% CI: 29.2%-44.2%), and 54.6% (95% CI: 36.9%-71.2%) of patients received mechanical circulatory support. The severity of MR post-TEER was less than 2+ in 88% (95% CI: 87%-89%) of patients. In-hospital mortality was 11% (95% CI: 10%-13%), whereas 30-day and 1-year mortality rates were 15% (95% CI: 13%-16%), and 36% (95% CI: 21%-54%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of TEER in CS patients with MR. TEER for MR in patients with CS has been successful in reducing MR in most of the patients, but with a high mortality rate. Randomized controlled trials of TEER for MR and CS are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Saito
- Department of Cardiology, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Kuno
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Hiroki A Ueyama
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Polydoros N Kampaktsis
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Dhaval Kolte
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naoki Misumida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gill Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Hisato Takagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shizuoka Medical Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tadao Aikawa
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Japan
| | - Azeem Latib
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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Shi M, Puthumana JJ, Malaisrie SC. Rescue mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair followed by interval mitral valve replacement. JTCVS Tech 2023; 21:95-97. [PMID: 37854831 PMCID: PMC10580101 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meilynn Shi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Jyothy J. Puthumana
- Department of Cardiology, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - S. Chris Malaisrie
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
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Lander MM, Brener MI, Goel K, Tang PC, Verlinden NJ, Zalawadiya S, Lindenfeld J, Kanwar MK. Mitral Interventions in Heart Failure. JACC. HEART FAILURE 2023; 11:1055-1069. [PMID: 37611988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction who have secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) have poorer outcomes and quality of life than those without SMR. Guideline-directed medical therapy is the cornerstone of SMR treatment. Careful evaluation of landmark trials using mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in SMR has led to an improved understanding of who will benefit from percutaneous interventions with emphasis on a multidisciplinary approach. The success with mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in SMR has also spurred the evaluation of its role in populations that were not initially studied, such as end-stage heart failure and cardiogenic shock. A spectrum of transcatheter devices in development and clinical trials promise to further provide a growing array of management options for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients with symptomatic SMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Lander
- Cardiovascular Institute at Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael I Brener
- Division of Cardiology at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kashish Goel
- Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Paul C Tang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nathan J Verlinden
- Cardiovascular Institute at Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sandip Zalawadiya
- Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - JoAnn Lindenfeld
- Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Manreet K Kanwar
- Cardiovascular Institute at Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Shabbir MA, Tiwari N, Burdorf A, Moulton M, Velagapudi P. Cardiogenic shock and severe secondary mitral regurgitation successfully treated with transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: a case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2023; 7:ytad240. [PMID: 37293191 PMCID: PMC10247290 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytad240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Cardiogenic shock (CS) associated with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) forebodes a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) is a rapidly evolving technique for severe MR in haemodynamically stable patients. However, the safety and efficacy of TEER for severe MR in CS are not well established. Case summary An 83-year-old male presented with dyspnoea and was hospitalized for heart failure. Chest X-ray revealed pulmonary oedema. Transthoracic echocardiography showed severely depressed ejection fraction (EF) with severe secondary MR. Right heart catheterization confirmed a low cardiac index. Diuretics and inotropes were administered. Due to persistent hypotension, we could not wean inotropes. The patient was deemed high risk for surgery by the heart team, and a decision was made to proceed with TEER with MitraClip. Under transoesophageal echocardiography and fluoroscopic guidance, two MitraClips were deployed sequentially. The MR grade was reduced to two mild jets subsequently. The patient was weaned off inotropes and eventually discharged. At the 30-day follow-up, he was participating in physical activities such as golf. Discussion Cardiogenic shock complicated by severe MR carries high mortality. With severe MR, the forward stroke volume is lower than the stated EF leading to poor organ perfusion. Inotropes and/or mechanical circulatory support devices are paramount for initial stabilization; however, they do not treat underlying MR. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair with MitraClip has been shown to improve survival in CS patients with severe MR in observational studies. However, prospective trials are lacking. Our case demonstrates the utility of MitraClip to treat severe secondary MR refractory to medical therapy in a CS patient. The heart team must evaluate risks and benefits of this therapy in CS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nidhish Tiwari
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42nd and Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Adam Burdorf
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42nd and Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Michael Moulton
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42nd and Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Parlow S, Di Santo P, Jung RG, Fam N, Czarnecki A, Horlick E, Abdel-Razek O, Chan V, Hynes M, Nicholson D, Dryden A, Fernando SM, Wells GA, Bernick J, Labinaz M, Mathew R, Simard T, Hibbert B. Transcatheter mitral valve repair for inotrope dependent cardiogenic shock - Design and rationale of the CAPITAL MINOS trial. Am Heart J 2022; 254:81-87. [PMID: 36002047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional mitral regurgitation (MR) is an important clinical consideration in patients with heart failure. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) has emerged as a useful therapeutic tool for patients with chronic heart failure, however the role of TEER in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) and MR has not yet been studied in a randomized trial. The Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair for Inotrope Dependent Cardiogenic Shock (CAPITAL MINOS) trial was therefore designed to determine if TEER improves clinical outcomes in the CS population. METHODS AND DESIGN The CAPITAL MINOS trial is an open-label, multi-center randomized clinical trial comparing TEER to medical therapy in patients with CS and MR. A total of 144 patients with Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) class C or D CS and at least 3+ MR will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to TEER or medical therapy alone. The primary outcome will be a composite of in-hospital all-cause mortality, cardiac transplantation, implantation of durable left ventricular assist device, or discharge on palliative inotropic therapy. Patients will be followed for the duration of their index hospitalization for the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes include 6 month mortality. IMPLICATIONS The CAPITAL MINOS trial will determine whether TEER improves outcomes in patients with CS and MR and will be an important step in optimizing treatment for this high-risk patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Parlow
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pietro Di Santo
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard G Jung
- CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Vascular Biology and Experimental Medicine Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neil Fam
- Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Czarnecki
- Division of Cardiology, Sunnybrook Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Horlick
- Division of Cardiology, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Omar Abdel-Razek
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Chan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Hynes
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donna Nicholson
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam Dryden
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shannon M Fernando
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - George A Wells
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Methods Center, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan Bernick
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Center, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marino Labinaz
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca Mathew
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Trevor Simard
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Benjamin Hibbert
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Vascular Biology and Experimental Medicine Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Editorial: Idolatry in cardiogenic shock: are we coming to a state of emergence. Curr Opin Crit Care 2022; 28:417-418. [PMID: 35856979 DOI: 10.1097/mcc.0000000000000954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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