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Wang Y, Ma K, Zhang H, Wu L, Liu L, Zhou Y, Peng L, Wang Q, Zhuang X. Comparison of pathologic response and survival outcomes between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a propensity score-matched analysis. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1228. [PMID: 39369225 PMCID: PMC11453051 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In locally advanced, operable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) has shown results that are somewhat comparable to those of standard neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). The impact of these neoadjuvant treatments on survival outcomes, however, has yet to be elucidated. METHODS This study included 489 patients with locally advanced ESCC who underwent surgery at Sichuan Cancer Hospital after receiving neoadjuvant treatment between June 2017 and September 2023. Patients were categorized into nCRT and nICT groups based on whether they received neoadjuvant treatment. To mitigate potential biases and balance covariates between the two cohorts, 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted using a caliper width of 0.05. RESULTS After PSM, the baseline characteristics of the 360 patients remained balanced between the two groups. The findings indicated a superior pathological response in the nCRT group, as evidenced by significantly greater rates of complete response (32.87% vs 14.58%, P < 0.001) and favorable tumor regression grade (TRG), as well as reduced ypT stages and less perineural and angioinvasion, despite comparable ypN stages. Despite the improvement in complete pathological response (pCR) in the nCRT group, the 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates did not significantly differ between the groups (DFS: 58.32% vs 56.16%, P = 0.67; OS: 69.96% vs 71.99%, P = 0.99). Crucially, The nICT group showed a lower incidence of grade 3 and 4 adverse events in Leukopenia (2.8% vs 29%; P < 0.001) and Neutropenia (2.8% vs 24%; P < 0.001) during neoadjuvant treatment, comparing with nCRT group. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary findings suggest that nICT followed by surgery offers comparable survival rates to nCRT, despite being less effective in pathologic outcomes. Nonetheless, nICT is a safe and feasible strategy for locally advanced ESCC, warranting further exploration to understand its impact on long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No.55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No.55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No.55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Yehan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Qifeng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No.55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China.
| | - Xiang Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China.
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China.
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Hngorani M, Jain P. The role of surgery or definitive chemoradiotherapy in management of localized squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus - What is the verdict? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 190:104111. [PMID: 37660931 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) of esophagus has significantly changed over last decade with the development of newer surgical techniques such as endoscopic submucosal dissection for early superficial esophageal cancer and refinement of existing surgical techniques (e.g., Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy) that has been associated with an improvement in patient outcomes. The data from the pivotal CROSS study has established neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) as standard of care for patients with locally advanced disease progressing to esophagectomy Simultaneously, definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) has emerged as an effective therapeutic modality with an added advantage of organ preservation. The present review focuses on reviewing the management of localized esophageal SqCC and exploring the evidence regarding the efficacy and caveats of different therapeutic modalities. One of the key objectives is to identify any specific features which may influence choosing a particular modality (e.g. surgery cf. dCRT) and definition of an appropriate evidence-based algorithm for management of early (superficial) and locally advanced SqCC of esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Hngorani
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Castle Hill Hospital, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, HU16 5JQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Prashant Jain
- Department of Upper GI Surgery, Castle Hill Hospital, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, HU16 5JQ, United Kingdom
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Liu J, Zeng X, Zhou X, Xu Y, Ding Z, Hu Y, Yuan Y, Chen L, Wang J, Lu Y, Liu Y. Longer interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery is associated with improved pathological response, but does not accurately estimate survival in patients with resectable esophageal cancer. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:155. [PMID: 36936022 PMCID: PMC10018328 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) has been shown to reduce tumor burden and achieve tumor regression in patients with esophageal cancer (ESC). However, the most beneficial time interval between the administration of nCRT and surgery remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the association of the duration of time between nCRT and surgery with the prognosis of patients with ESC. Patients with ESC who received nCRT following surgical resection (n=161) were reviewed and divided into the prolonged time interval group (time interval ≥66 days) and the short time interval group (time interval <66 days), according to the median value. Subsequent analysis revealed that the prolonged time interval group achieved a higher pathological complete response (pCR) rate compared with the short time interval group (49.4 vs. 26.3%; P=0.003). Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that it was possible to independently estimate a higher pCR rate based on a prolonged time interval (odds ratio, 2.131; P=0.042). However, no association between a prolonged time interval and disease-free survival (DFS) was detected using Kaplan-Meier curves (P=0.252) or multivariate Cox regression (P=0.607) analyses. Similarly, no association was identified between a prolonged time interval and overall survival (OS; P=0.946) based on Kaplan-Meier curve analysis, and subsequent multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the time interval also failed to independently estimate OS (P=0.581). Moreover, female sex (P=0.001) and a radiation dose ≥40 Gy (P=0.039) served as independent factors associated with a higher pCR rate, and the pCR rate was an independent predictor of favorable DFS (P=0.002) and OS (P=0.015) rates. In conclusion, the present study revealed that a prolonged time interval from nCRT to surgery was associated with a higher pCR rate, but it failed to estimate the survival profile of patients with ESC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Jianyang City, Jianyang, Sichuan 641400, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Ding
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Longqi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - You Lu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Yongmei Liu, Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Okamura A, Watanabe M, Okui J, Matsuda S, Takemura R, Kawakubo H, Takeuchi H, Muto M, Kakeji Y, Kitagawa Y, Doki Y. Development and Validation of a Predictive Model of Therapeutic Effect in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Who Received Neoadjuvant Treatment: A Nationwide Retrospective Study in Japan. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:2176-2185. [PMID: 36528742 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12960-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant treatment has become the standard of care for patients with advanced esophageal cancer. However, few studies have elucidated the clinical factors that predict response to neoadjuvant therapy in a large multicenter cohort. We aimed to develop a predictive model of therapeutic effect in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who received neoadjuvant treatment. METHODS This nationwide study included 4078 patients from 85 institutions. Patients who received neoadjuvant treatment followed by surgery for esophageal SCC were eligible. We developed a logistic regression model to predict good pathological therapeutic effects, and a predictive nomogram was generated by applying the logistic regression formula. RESULTS Among neoadjuvant regimens, cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (CF) was the most frequently used (60.2%), followed by docetaxel plus CF (DCF, 27.4%), CF with radiotherapy (CF-RT, 4.5%), adriamycin plus CF (3.6%), nedaplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (0.9%), and DCF-RT (0.5%). Multivariable analysis revealed that male sex, advanced cT category, and increased pretherapeutic SCC antigen level were independently associated with not achieving a good therapeutic effect. Moreover, intensified neoadjuvant regimens were independently associated with favorable therapeutic effects; DCF-RT elicited the best therapeutic effect, followed by CF-RT and DCF. A predictive model including nine commonly measured preoperative variables was generated, and the area under the curve was 0.679 (95% confidence interval: 0.658-0.700). This nomogram was also adequately validated internally. CONCLUSIONS The model developed in this study was validated and predicts the therapeutic effect in patients with esophageal SCC who received neoadjuvant treatment. This model might contribute to individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Okamura
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Watanabe
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Jun Okui
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Takemura
- Biostatistics Unit, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawakubo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Manabu Muto
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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5
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Yu Y, Wang W, Qin Z, Li H, Liu Q, Ma H, Sun H, Bauer TL, Pimiento JM, Gabriel E, Birdas T, Li Y, Xing W. A clinical nomogram for predicting tumor regression grade in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma treated with immune neoadjuvant immunotherapy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:102. [PMID: 35282099 PMCID: PMC8848421 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background There are various treatment options for esophageal squamous cell cancer. including surgery, peri-operative chemotherapy, and radiation. More recently, neoadjuvant immunotherapy has also been shown improve outcomes. In this study, we addressed the question, "Can we predict which patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer will benefit from neoadjuvant immunotherapy?". Methods All patients with thoracic esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (T2N+M0-T3-4N0/+M0) (according to the eighth edition of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines) who underwent immune neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) combined with paclitaxel plus cisplatin or nedaplatin in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China, between November 2019 and August 2021 were included in this study. All patients underwent surgical resection. We developed a response [tumor regression grade (TRG)] prediction model using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression incorporating factors associated with response. The accuracy of the prediction model was then validated. Results We included 79 patients who underwent neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, aged 48-78 years (62.05±6.67), including 21 males and 58 females. There were five cases of immune-related pneumonia, of which three cases were diagnosed as immune-related pneumonia during the perioperative period, and one case of immune-related thyroid dysfunction changes. After LASSO regression, the factors that were independently associated with TRG were clinical T stage before neoadjuvant therapy, clinical N stage before neoadjuvant therapy, albumin level difference from before to after neoadjuvant therapy, white blood cell (WBC) count before neoadjuvant therapy, and T stage before surgery. We constructed a prediction model, plotted the nomogram, and verified its accuracy. Its Brier score was 0.13, its calibration slope was 0.98, and its C-index was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.82-0.97). Conclusions Our prediction model can predict the likelihood of TRG in patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer after immunotherapy combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Using this prediction model, we plan to conduct a subsequent neoadjuvant radiotherapy in patients with of TRG 2-3 patients with neoadjuvant radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkui Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zimin Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haomiao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haibo Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haibo Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Thomas L Bauer
- Department of Surgery, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Department of General Surgery, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Jose M Pimiento
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Thomas Birdas
- Department of Surgery, Thoracic Division, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqun Xing
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Yang MH, Jhan CJ, Hsieh PC, Kao CC. A Study on the Correlations between Musculoskeletal Disorders and Work-Related Psychosocial Factors among Nursing Aides in Long-Term Care Facilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:255. [PMID: 35010514 PMCID: PMC8750889 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the nursing aides employed at long-term care facilities (LTCFs), those with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are most likely to experience disability or develop an intention to leave. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of work-related psychological factors among nursing aides in LTCFs with MSDs in Taiwan. METHODS Purposive sampling was used in this cross-sectional study to enrol 308 nursing aides from residential LTCFs in Taiwan as research subjects. A demographic and job background survey, a job content questionnaire (JCQ), and the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ) were used to collect data. RESULTS Lower job control associated with higher psychological job demands, and lower social support was associated with more severe MSDs for the nursing aides (p < 0.001). Among the MSDs reported by nursing aides in LTCFs, lower back pain was the most serious. In addition, nationality, age, exercise habits, chronic diseases, worksite, lack of rest time, lack of assistive devices, low coworker support, and high psychological job demands were significant factors affecting MSDs. In total, 42.1% of the variance in MSDs among nursing aides in LTCFs was explained. CONCLUSIONS Work-related psychological factors among nursing aides in LTCFs have an important association with MSDs. For nursing aides, coworker support should be improved, and their psychological demands at work should be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Hua Yang
- Institute of Clinical Nursing, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
| | - Chao-Jie Jhan
- Institute of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Chi Hsieh
- Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung 43304, Taiwan;
| | - Chieh-Chun Kao
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung 20301, Taiwan
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7
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Chao YK. Is It Time to Add Tumor Regression Grade into the ypN Category? Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:1880-1881. [PMID: 33393030 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-09441-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Kai Chao
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, College of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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8
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Maffazzioli L, Zilio MB, Klamt AL, Duarte JA, Mazzini GS, Campos VJ, Chedid MF, Gurski RR. ADC as a predictor of pathologic response to neoadjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2020; 30:3934-3942. [PMID: 32157409 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is part of clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a predictor of pathologic response to neoadjuvant therapy (nCRT) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC). METHODS The MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched for studies using ADC to evaluate response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with EC. Methodological quality of the studies was evaluated with the QUADAS tool. Data from eligible studies were extracted and evaluated by two independent reviewers. Meta-analyses were performed comparing mean ADC values between responders and non-responders to nCRT in three different scenarios: baseline (BL) absolute values; percent change between intermediate (IM) values and BL; and percent change between final follow-up (FU) value and baseline BL. RESULTS Seven studies (n = 158 patients) were included. Responders exhibited a statistically significant percent increase in ADC during nCRT (mean difference [MD] 21.06%, 95%CI = 13.04-29.09; I2 = 49%; p = 0.12). A similar increase was identified in the complete pathologic response (pCR) versus non-complete pathologic response (npCR) subgroup (MD = 25.68%, 95%CI = 18.87-32.48; I2 = 0%; p = 0.60). At the end of treatment, responders also exhibited a statistically significant percent increase in ADC (MD = 22.49%, 95%CI = 9.94-35.05; I2 = 0%; p = 0.46). BL ADC was not associated with any definition of pathologic response (MD = 0.11%, 95%CI = - 0.21-0.42; I2 = 85%; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION These results suggest that ADC can be used as a predictor of pathologic response, with a statistically significant association between percent ADC increase during and after treatment and pCR. ADC may serve as a tool to help in guiding clinical decisions. KEY POINTS • DWI is routinely included in MRI oncological protocols. • ADC can be used as a predictor of pathologic response, with a statistically significant association between percent ADC increase during and after treatment and pCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Maffazzioli
- Division of Radiology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 2nd Floor, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil. .,Post-Graduation Program in Medicine: Surgical Sciences, Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Mariana B Zilio
- Post-Graduation Program in Medicine: Surgical Sciences, Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre L Klamt
- Post-Graduation Program in Medicine: Surgical Sciences, Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana A Duarte
- Division of Radiology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 2nd Floor, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Guilherme S Mazzini
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vinicius J Campos
- Post-Graduation Program in Medicine: Surgical Sciences, Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcio F Chedid
- Post-Graduation Program in Medicine: Surgical Sciences, Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Richard R Gurski
- Post-Graduation Program in Medicine: Surgical Sciences, Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Medical School of UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Abstract
Histological assessment of esophageal squamous malignancies is crucial for management of patients with the cancer as well as working in research on the cancer. The squamous malignancies in the esophagus comprise squamous dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. Current classification of squamous dysplasia in the esophagus is to divide it into low grade and high grade. Most of the esophageal squamous cell carcinomas are of conventional type and divided into well, moderately, and poorly differentiated. The variants of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma include basaloid squamous carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma, and verrucous carcinoma. Preoperative chemoradiation is used commonly in the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and induces changes in morphology. Tumor regression grading systems based on the percentage of the remaining carcinoma cells are used to assess the response to the neoadjuvant therapy in the cancer. Additional histological parameters including lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, clearance of resection margins, and carcinoma in the nodal and distant metastatic sites provide essential information for the management of the patient with the cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred K Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
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10
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Fanelli GN, Loupakis F, Smyth E, Scarpa M, Lonardi S, Pucciarelli S, Munari G, Rugge M, Valeri N, Fassan M. Pathological Tumor Regression Grade Classifications in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Role on Patients' Prognosis. Int J Surg Pathol 2019; 27:816-835. [PMID: 31416371 DOI: 10.1177/1066896919869477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Preoperative chemotherapy or combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy (CRT), followed by surgery, represents the standard approach for locally advanced esophageal, gastric, and rectal carcinomas. To adequately evaluate the effects of neoadjuvant CRT in the resection specimens, several histopathologic tumor regression grade (TRG) scoring systems have been introduced into clinical practice. The primary goal of these TRG systems relies on a correct prognostic stratification of patients in the attempt to help clinical decision-making and influence surgical strategies, postoperative adjuvant therapies, and surveillance intensity. However, most TRG systems suffer from poor reproducibility and low interobserver concordance rates. Many efforts have been made in the identification of alternative, robust, simple, and universally accepted TRG scoring systems, which would help in the comparison of different treatment strategies and in the standardization of multimodal therapies. The aim of this review is to analyze the most commonly used TRG systems in gastrointestinal cancers highlighting their pitfalls and usefulness, depending on the tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marco Scarpa
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Sara Lonardi
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Nicola Valeri
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London and Sutton, UK
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11
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Nakao R, Konishi E, Fujiwara H, Otsuji E, Yokota I, Urata Y, Yanagisawa A. Residual Cancer Volume Predicts Clinical Outcome in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Int J Surg Pathol 2019; 27:713-721. [PMID: 31203677 DOI: 10.1177/1066896919855760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of residual cancer volume (RCV) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who received esophagectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods. We measured RCV by using complete stepwise sections at 6- to 8-mm intervals obtained from 81 ESCC patients with clinical stages IB to III. RCV was defined as the summation of all products of residual cancer area and thickness, and its cutoff value was set by receiver operator characteristic curve analysis on 3-year disease-specific survival (DSS). The multivariate analyses were performed in comparison with histopathological factors including tumor regression grades according to the Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer (TRG-JPN) or reported by Becker et al (TRG-Becker). Results. The range of RCV was 0 to 49.3 cm3 (median = 1.4 cm3), and the cutoff value was set at 1.0 cm3 (sensitivity = 78%; specificity = 68%). In the Kaplan-Meier curve analysis with the log-rank test, RCV > 1.0 cm3 predicted poorer prognosis for relapse-free survival (RFS; 5-year RFS rate, 12% vs 47%; P < .001) and DSS (5-year DSS rate, 27% vs 61%; P < .001). The multivariate analyses by the Cox hazards model revealed that RCV > 1.0 cm3 was a factor predicting poor prognosis for RFS (P = .013; hazard ratios [HR] = 2.62) and DSS (P = .028; HR = 2.56) compared with histopathological factors including TRG-JPN; RFS (P = .014; HR = 3.03) and DSS (P = .045; HR = 2.71) compared with histopathological factors including TRG-Becker. Conclusions. The study suggested that determining RCV is a new method of predicting prognosis in ESCC patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Nakao
- 1 Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiichi Konishi
- 1 Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Eigo Otsuji
- 1 Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Yoji Urata
- 1 Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,3 Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Yanagisawa
- 1 Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,3 Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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12
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Lerttanatum N, Tharavej C, Chongpison Y, Sanpavat A. Comparison of tumor regression grading system in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after preoperative radio-chemotherapy to determine the most accurate system predicting prognosis. J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 10:276-282. [PMID: 31032095 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2018.12.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nowadays, preoperative radio-chemotherapy is a standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Tumor regression grade (TRG), referring to a classification of cancer response to preoperative treatment, can predict a prognosis of survival. Many TRG systems are proposed for use in esophageal cancer, but none of them has become standard grading system. This research compared five TRG systems, including Mandard system, Chirieac system, Schneider system, Hermann system, and Japan Esophageal Society (JES) system, to find the most accurately predictive system. Methods We recruited 37 participants with locally advanced ESCC from 2006 to 2014. All of them were treated with radio-chemotherapy followed by esophagectomy. The resection specimens were evaluated microscopically for percentage of viable residual tumor comparing with tumor bed, number of positive lymph nodes and, consequently, assigned TRG grade according to each TRG system. Kaplan-Meier (KM) graphs were used to describe the median survival time. Log-rank tests and cox proportional hazard regression models were used in assessing associations between TRG systems and survival. Proportional hazard assumptions were evaluated on the basis of Schoenfeld and log-log plot. Akaike information criterion (AIC) values and pseudo R-squared values assessed model fit. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results The KM graphs displayed overlapped curves in all TRG systems. The log-rank tests revealed that Schneider, JES and Mandard systems were statistically associated with overall-survival (P<0.05). Only the multivariate cox regression analysis of Schneider system showed the statistically significant hazard ratio (P=0.037). Schneider system also had the best AIC and pseudo R-squared values. Conclusions Schneider system might be the best predictive system. However, the overlapped KM curve opposed. This study had limitation due to small number of participants. More participants were needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathawadee Lerttanatum
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chadin Tharavej
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yuda Chongpison
- Research Affairs, Center for Excellence in Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anapat Sanpavat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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13
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Kadota T, Hatogai K, Yano T, Fujita T, Kojima T, Daiko H, Fujii S. Pathological tumor regression grade of metastatic tumors in lymph node predicts prognosis in esophageal cancer patients. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:2046-2055. [PMID: 29601131 PMCID: PMC5989742 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor regression grade of the primary tumor (TRG‐PT) and residual lymph node metastasis have been pathologically determined in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) followed by surgery; however, TRG of the metastatic tumor involving lymph nodes (LN) has not yet been determined. The aim of the present study was to clarify the impact of TRG on the prognosis of ESCC patients. ESCC patients (n = 110) who had received nCT followed by surgery were enrolled. Dissected LN were classified into 2 categories: plausible positive metastatic LN (pp‐MLN) where viable and/or degenerated ESCC cells and/or tissue modifications were observed, and non‐metastatic LN (non‐MLN) where neither of them was observed. We defined nCT‐effective rate (CER) as the ratio of the number of pp‐MLN that showed tumor regression to the total number of pp‐MLN, and divided CER into low‐CER (LCER; ≥0% and <50%) and high‐CER (HCER; ≥50% and ≤100%). Relationships between CER and clinicopathological factors including prognosis were then examined. Multivariate analyses of 110 patients indicated that ypT3‐4 (P = .023, HR; 2.551), positive venous infiltration (P = .006, HR; 3.526), and LCER (P = .033, HR; 1.922) were independently associated with shorter recurrence‐free survival (RFS). Multivariate analyses of 43 patients with grade 0 TRG‐PT showed that ypT3‐4 (P = .033, HR; 3.397) and LCER (P = .008, HR; 3.543) were independently associated with shorter RFS. This study showed that CER was one of the prognostic factors for ESCC patients who had received nCT followed by surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kadota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ken Hatogai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomonori Yano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujita
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daiko
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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14
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Li QW, Qiu B, Wang B, Wang DL, Yin SH, Yang H, Liu JL, Fu JH, Liu MZ, Xie CM, Liu H. Prediction of pathologic responders to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a prospective study. Dis Esophagus 2018; 31:4259168. [PMID: 29036528 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in ESCC patients receiving neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), and the efficacy of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in predicting pathologic response to neoadjuvant CCRT. Twenty-eight locally advanced ESCC patients treated with neoadjuvant CCRT followed by radical resection were prospectively enrolled. DW-MRI was recommended to be performed within 2 weeks before and 4-6 weeks after neoadjuvant CCRT. The calculated ADCs pre- (ADC1) and post- (ADC2) neoadjuvant CCRT, the definite (ΔADC) and percentage changes (ΔADC%) were analyzed for the efficacy of predicting pathologic response to neoadjuvant CCRT. Twenty patients had been identified as responders (tumor regression grade 1-2). Among them, ADC2 (3.02 ± 0.84 vs. 2.12 ± 0.44 × 10-3 mm2/s, P = 0.001) and ΔADC (1.22 ± 0.78 vs 0.64 ± 0.26 × 10-3 mm2/s, P = 0.007) were significantly higher than those of nonresponders (tumor regression grade: 3-5). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that ADC2 exhibited an overall accuracy of in 71.4% in predicting pathologic response, with a sensitivity of 60.0%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 50.0%, when 3.04 × 10-3 mm2/s was used as the cutoff value. ADC value could be useful in predicting pathologic response to neoadjuvant CCRT in ESCC patients. High postneoadjuvant CCRT ADC is a predictive indicator for good response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q-W Li
- Departments of Radiation Oncology
| | - B Qiu
- Departments of Radiation Oncology
| | - B Wang
- Departments of Radiation Oncology
| | | | - S-H Yin
- Departments of Medical Imaging
| | | | - J-L Liu
- Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - M-Z Liu
- Departments of Radiation Oncology
| | - C-M Xie
- Departments of Medical Imaging
| | - H Liu
- Departments of Radiation Oncology
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15
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Pai RK, Pai RK. Pathologic assessment of gastrointestinal tract and pancreatic carcinoma after neoadjuvant therapy. Mod Pathol 2018; 31:4-23. [PMID: 28776577 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant therapy is increasingly used to treat patients with a wide variety of malignancies. Histologic evaluation of treated specimens provides important prognostic information and may guide subsequent chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant therapy is commonly employed in the treatment of locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma, hepatic colorectal metastases, esophageal/esophagogastric junction carcinoma, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Numerous tumor regression schemes have been used in these tumors and standardized approaches to evaluate these specimens are needed. In this review, the various tumor regression scoring systems that have been used in these organs are described and their associations with clinical outcomes are discussed. Recommendations regarding how to handle and report the histologic findings in these resections specimens are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetesh K Pai
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rish K Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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16
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Okamura A, Watanabe M, Mine S, Kurogochi T, Yamashita K, Hayami M, Imamura Y, Ogura M, Ichimura T, Takahari D, Chin K. Failure of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2017; 30:1-8. [PMID: 28859367 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant treatment has become standard care for patients with resectable esophageal cancer. However, some patients cannot undergo surgery or curative resection because of disease progression during neoadjuvant treatment. The aim of this study is to identify the pretreatment characteristics of patients in whom neoadjuvant treatment failed. The study enrolled 231 patients who underwent chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (CF) as neoadjuvant therapy for T1N1-3 or T2-3 any-N esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Of these patients, 201 (87.0%) underwent curative resection (R0) and 30 (13.0%) could not undergo curative resection; 19 patients (8.2%) underwent incomplete resection (R1 or R2), and 11 patients (4.8%) could not undergo surgery because of disease progression. We compared clinical characteristics and survival between patients who underwent curative resection (curative group) and those who could not undergo curative resection (noncurative group) to determine the factors predicting noncurative treatment. The noncurative group had significantly worse disease-specific survival than the curative group (P < 0.001). All patients in the noncurative group had cT3 tumors. In 141 patients with cT3 tumors, those in the noncurative group were more likely to have higher serum SCC antigen concentration (P = 0.021), location of the main tumor in the upper to the middle third of the esophagus (P = 0.071), intramural metastases (P < 0.001), advanced N category (P = 0.016), and bulky lymph node metastases (P = 0.060). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified location of the main tumor in the upper to the middle third of the esophagus (P = 0.047), intramural metastases (P = 0.002), and nodal metastases (N1, P = 0.014; N2, P = 0.015, respectively) as independent predictors of treatment failure in patients with cT3 tumors. Neoadjuvant CF therapy alone may not be effective for patients with cT3 tumors accompanied by these risk factors, and the efficacy of alternative strategies, such as triplet chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Okamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery
| | - M Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery
| | - S Mine
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery
| | | | | | - M Hayami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery
| | - Y Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery
| | - M Ogura
- Department of Gastroenterological Medicine, Gastoroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Ichimura
- Department of Gastroenterological Medicine, Gastoroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Takahari
- Department of Gastroenterological Medicine, Gastoroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Chin
- Department of Gastroenterological Medicine, Gastoroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Chao YK, Chuang WY, Yeh CJ, Chang HK, Tseng CK. Anatomical distribution of residual cancer in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma who achieved clinically complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2017; 53:201-208. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezx261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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18
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Tang H, Wu Y, Qin Y, Wang H, Wang L, Guan X, Luo S, Wang Q. Reduction of AZGP1 predicts poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients in Northern China. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:85-94. [PMID: 28053542 PMCID: PMC5189973 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s113932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a key regulator in lipid mobilization, AZGP1 has been reported to play a significant role in various cancers. This study was carried out to investigate the role of AZGP1 in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients in Northern China. MATERIALS AND METHODS Through the application of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining, AZGP1 expression in ESCC tissues from Northern China was examined. RESULTS Decreased expression of AZGP1 was observed in ~60% ESCC patients. AZGP1 downregulation was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.035), advanced clinical stage (P=0.018), poor prognosis for 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS; P<0.001), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS; P=0.016), and metastasis-free survival (MeFS; P=0.014). In addition, Cox multivariate analysis revealed that AZGP1 downregulation remained to be an independent prognosticator for shorter DSS (P=0.001), LRFS (P=0.011), and MeFS (P=0.004). CONCLUSION AZGP1 might be a candidate tumor suppressor and a potential novel prognostic biomarker for ESCC patients in Northern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital
| | - Yufeng Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan
| | - Haiying Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital
| | - Xinyuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital
| | - Qiming Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital
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19
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Sathornviriyapong S, Matsuda A, Miyashita M, Matsumoto S, Sakurazawa N, Kawano Y, Yamada M, Uchida E. Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation on Short-Term Outcomes for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23:3632-3640. [PMID: 27278203 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NCRT) has emerged as a component of the standard treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The primary benefit of NCRT is an improvement in long-term survival; however, the impact of NCRT on short-term outcomes is unclear. METHODS A comprehensive electronic literature search was performed via the MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases through November 2015 for the inclusion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated short-term outcomes of patients administered NCRT followed by surgery compared with surgery alone for resectable esophageal SCC. The main outcome measures were postoperative mortality and morbidity. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Eight RCTs were included, for a total of 1058 patients. Meta-analysis of the overall postoperative mortality and cardiopulmonary complication rates showed that there was a significant increase for patients administered NCRT followed by surgery compared with surgery alone (OR 1.87, 95 % CI 1.07-3.28, p = 0.03, number of patients needed to harm = 33.3; and OR 2.12, 95 % CI 1.03-4.35, p = 0.04, respectively). Dropout before surgery was higher for patients in the NCRT followed by surgery group compared with patients in the surgery-alone group. NCRT has no statistically impact on anastomosis and other complications compared with surgery alone. CONCLUSIONS NCRT for esophageal SCC significantly increases postoperative mortality and cardiopulmonary complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suun Sathornviriyapong
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Akihisa Matsuda
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Masao Miyashita
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Sakurazawa
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kawano
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Marina Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiji Uchida
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Chen YL, Chen F, Zhang XM, Chen TW. Magnetic resonance imaging for quantitative staging and evaluation of chemoradiotherapeutic effect in esophageal carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:1469-1476. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i10.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma is a common digestive malignant tumor. Evaluation of the stage and response to chemoradiotherapy of the carcinoma is very important for the treatment decision making and adjustment of therapeutic protocol. To date, a variety of imaging techniques have been used for staging and monitoring response to therapy, but most of the procedures are invasive or of radiation exposure. Moreover, most of the techniques evaluating esophageal cancer are based on morphologic changes. As a non-invasive and non-ionising examination technique, magnetic resonance imaging can quantitatively evaluate this cancer. Nowadays magnetic resonance quantitative technique has progressed greatly in staging and monitoring response to therapy of esophageal carcinoma. This paper focuses on the quantitative evaluation of stage and chemoradiotherapeutic effect in esophageal carcinoma using magnetic resonance imaging.
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