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Babadag S, Çelebi-Saltik B. A cellular regulator of the niche: telocyte. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2131955. [PMID: 36218299 PMCID: PMC10606812 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2131955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial cells are present in the environment of stem cells in order to increase stem cell proliferation and differentiation and they are important to increase the efficiency of their transplantation. Telocytes (TCs) play an important role both in the preservation of tissue organ integrity and in the pathophysiology of many diseases, especially cancer. They make homo- or heterocellular contacts to form the structure of 3D network through their telopodes and deliver signaling molecules via a juxtacrine and/or paracrine association by budding shed vesicles into the vascular, nervous and endocrine systems. During this interaction, along with organelles, mRNA, microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and genomic DNA are transferred. This review article not only specifies the properties of TCs and their roles in the tissue organ microenvironment but also gives information about the factors that play a role in the transport of epigenetic information by TCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Babadag
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sihhiye, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Turkey
| | - Betül Çelebi-Saltik
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sihhiye, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Turkey
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MicroRNA‑126 expression in the peripheral white blood cells of patients with breast and ovarian cancer is a potential biomarker for the early prediction of cancer risk in the carriers of methylated BRCA1. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:276. [PMID: 35782895 PMCID: PMC9247668 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive breast cancer type 1 gene (BRCA1) promoter methylation is associated with increased cancer risk, but its role in cancer-free (CF) female carriers is incompletely understood. MicroRNA (miR) is modulated during early tumorigenesis. The present study assessed the modulation of miR-126 expression in the peripheral white blood cells (WBC) of patients with breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) as a biomarker of cancer risk in BRCA1 methylation carriers. A total of 1,114 female subjects [502 patients with BC, 187 patients with OC and 425 CF volunteers] were involved. Screening for BRCA1 promoter methylation in WBC was performed using the methylation–specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, BRCA1 mRNA was analyzed using a reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assay and miR-126 expression was analyzed using a stem-loop RT-qPCR assay. WBC BRCA1 promoter methylation status was significantly associated with OC (P=0.0266), early-onset BC (P=0.0003) and triple-negative BC (P=0.0066). Notably, 9.4% of the CF group exhibited WBC BRCA1 promoter methylation. In addition, high levels of miR-126 in WBCs were detected in all three groups. The increased level of miR-126 was significantly associated with a lower risk of distant metastasis (P=0.045) in BC, but a higher risk of disease progression and death (P=0.0029) in OC. There was a positive correlation between BRCA1 mRNA and miR-126 levels in the WBCs of all three groups, regardless of BRCA1 promoter methylation status. Notably, circulating miR-126 level was decreased in the BC and OC groups, but not in the CF group. Together, these results suggest the likely involvement of miR-126 in the constitutional methylation of BRCA1 promoter-related malignancies. Therefore, miR-126 may be a candidate biomarker for the early prediction of BC and OC risk in CF BRCA1 methylation carriers.
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Tao L, Yang L, Tian P, Guo X, Chen Y. Knockdown of circPVT1 inhibits progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma by sponging miR-126. RSC Adv 2019; 9:13316-13324. [PMID: 35520785 PMCID: PMC9066352 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01820d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer. Recent studies have reported that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play essential roles in human cancers, including PTC. However, the roles of circRNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) in PTC progression and its potential mechanism remain largely unknown. Methods: The expressions of circPVT1 and microRNA-126 (miR-126) were measured in PTC tissues and cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion were detected in PTC cells by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, Western blot or trans-well assays, respectively. The interaction between circPVT1 and miR-126 was explored by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase activity assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. A mouse xenograft model was established to investigate the role of circPVT1 in PTC progression in vivo. Results: High expression of circPVT1 was shown in PTC tissues and cells and was associated with poor outcomes of patients. Knockdown of circPVT1 suppressed viability, migration and invasion but induced apoptosis in PTC cells. miR-126 was bound to circPVT1 and reduced in PTC tissues and cells. Moreover, inhibition of miR-126 reversed the regulatory effect of the circPVT1 interference on viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion in PTC cells. Besides, circPVT1 knockdown attenuated tumor growth via up-regulating miR-126 in vivo. Conclusion: CircPVT1 knockdown inhibited PTC progression by sponging miR-126. This may indicate circPVT1 as a novel target for treatment of PTC. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer. Recent studies have reported that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play essential roles in human cancers, including PTC.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tao
- Institute of Inspection Technology, Xinyang Vocational and Technical College, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases of Xinyang Xinyang 464000 China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Inspection Technology, Xinyang Vocational and Technical College, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases of Xinyang Xinyang 464000 China
| | - Ping Tian
- Institute of Inspection Technology, Xinyang Vocational and Technical College, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases of Xinyang Xinyang 464000 China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinyang Central Hospital Xinyang 464000 China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of Laboratory, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital No. 6 Tongfu Road, Shibei District Qingdao 266000 China +86-0532-68661155
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Deng Q, Dai X, Feng W, Huang S, Yuan Y, Xiao Y, Zhang Z, Deng N, Deng H, Zhang X, Kuang D, Li X, Zhang W, Zhang X, Guo H, Wu T. Co-exposure to metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, microRNA expression, and early health damage in coke oven workers. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 122:369-380. [PMID: 30503314 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND All humans are now co-exposed to multiple toxic chemicals, among which metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are of special concern as they are often present at high levels in various human environments. They can also induce similar early health damage, such as genetic damage, oxidative stress, and heart rate variability (HRV). Exposure to metals, PAHs, and their combined pollutants can alter microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns. OBJECTIVES To explore the associations of metal-PAH co-exposure with miRNA expression, and of the associated miRNAs with early health damage. METHODS We enrolled 360 healthy male coke oven workers and quantified their exposure levels of metals and PAHs by urinary metals, urinary monohydroxy-PAHs (OH-PAHs), and plasma benzo[a]pyrene-r-7,t-8,t-9,c-10-tetrahydotetrol-albumin (BPDE-Alb) adducts, respectively. We selected and measured ten miRNAs: let-7b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-16-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-27a-3p, miR-28-5p, miR-320b, and miR-451a. For miRNAs influenced by the effect modification of metals or PAHs and/or metal-PAH interactions, we further evaluated their associations with biomarkers for genetic damage, oxidative stress, and HRV. RESULTS After adjusting for PAHs and other metals, miRNA expression was found to be negatively associated with aluminum, antimony, lead, and titanium, and positively associated with molybdenum and tin (p < 0.05). Antimony showed modifying effects on the PAH-miRNA associations, while OH-PAHs and BPDE-Alb adducts modified the associations of metals with miRNAs (p for modifying effect < 0.05). Furthermore, miRNA expression was influenced by the antagonistic interactions between antimony and OH-PAHs, and by the synergistical interactions between metals and BPDE-Alb adducts (pinteraction < 0.05). Let-7b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-16-5p, and miR-320b were additionally found to be associated with increased genetic damage in the present study [false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted p < 0.05]. CONCLUSIONS Associations of metal-PAH co-exposure with miRNA expression, and of associated miRNAs with early health damage, suggested potential mechanistic connections between the complex metal-PAH interactions and their deleterious effects that are worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiayun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Suli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaorui Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaxin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaohai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wangzhen Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Health, Wuhan Iron and Steel Corporation, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Patel H, Nilendu P, Jahagirdar D, Pal JK, Sharma NK. Modulating secreted components of tumor microenvironment: A masterstroke in tumor therapeutics. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:3-12. [PMID: 29219656 PMCID: PMC5790373 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1394538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment in which cancer resides plays an important role in regulating cancer survival, progression, malignancy and drug resistance. Tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of heterogeneous number and types of cellular and non-cellular components that vary in relation to tumor phenotype and genotype. In recent, non-cellular secreted components of microenvironmental heterogeneity have been suggested to contain various growth factors, cytokines, RNA, DNA, metabolites, structural matrix and matricellular proteins. These non-cellular components have been indicated to orchestrate numerous ways to support cancer survival and progression by providing metabolites, energy, growth signals, evading immune surveillance, drug resistance environment, metastatic and angiogenesis cues. Thus, switching action from pro-cancer to anti-cancer activities of these secreted components of TME has been considered as a new avenue in cancer therapeutics and drug resistance. In this report, we summarize the recent pre-clinical and clinical evidences to emphasize the importance of non-cellular components of TME in achieving precision therapeutics and biomarker study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri Patel
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pritish Nilendu
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Devashree Jahagirdar
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jayanta K. Pal
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilesh Kumar Sharma
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Kai K, Dittmar RL, Sen S. Secretory microRNAs as biomarkers of cancer. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 78:22-36. [PMID: 29258963 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression predominantly by inhibiting transcription and/or promoting degradation of target mRNAs also in addition to being involved in non-canonical mechanisms regulating transcription, translation and cell signaling processes. Extracellular secretory miRNAs, either in complex with specific proteins or encapsulated in microvesicles called exosomes, are transported between cells as means of intercellular communication. Secretory miRNAs in circulation remain functional after delivery to recipient cells, regulating target genes and their corresponding signaling pathways. Cancer cell secreted miRNA-mediated intercellular communication affects physiological processes associated with the disease, such as, angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, immune modulation, metastasis, and chemo-resistance. Given the stability of miRNAs in body fluids and their well-documented roles in deregulating cancer-relevant genetic pathways, there is considerable interest in developing secretory miRNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers for detection, diagnosis and prognostication of cancer. In this review, we discuss salient features of miRNA biogenesis, secretion and function in cancer as well as the current state of secretory miRNA isolation and profiling methods. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of secretory miRNA biomarker assay development, which need to be addressed for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuharu Kai
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, United States
| | - Rachel L Dittmar
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, United States; Program in Human and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, United States
| | - Subrata Sen
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, United States; Program in Human and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, United States.
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Zheng W, Zhou Y, Lu J, Xu H, Lei L, Chen C, Zhao J, Xu L. The prognostic value of miR-126 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:71. [PMID: 28725162 PMCID: PMC5513344 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Growing evidence from recent studies have shown indicated that microRNA-126 (miR-126) played an important role in the progression of NSCLC. However, the potential value of miR-126 expression in prognosis of NSCLC remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we carried out a meta-analysis to assess the potential prognostic value of miR-126 for NSCLC. METHODS PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane library, Web of Science, CNKI and WanFang database, as well as the reference of included studies, were searched to recognize pertinent studies until April 30, 2017. New castle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of studies. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for overall survival (OS) was extracted by using a fixed-effects or a random-effects model on the basis of heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated by using Begg's tests. RESULTS We identified four eligible trials involving 666 non-small-cell lung cancer patients in this meta-analysis. The results indicated that a high level of miR-126 played a favorable role in the overall survival (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.61-0.86, fixed-effects model). There was no bias existed in this study. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that high expression level of miR-126 was a promising positive factor for OS for non-small cell lung cancer patients, and miR-126 might be a potential target for non-small-cell lung cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, 563000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Department of Medical Physics, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, 563000 China
| | - Jia Lu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, 563000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hualin Xu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, 563000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangyu Lei
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, 563000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, 563000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, 563000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, 563000 People’s Republic of China
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Chen X, Xiong W, Li H. Comparison of microRNA expression profiles in K562-cells-derived microvesicles and parental cells, and analysis of their roles in leukemia. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:4937-4948. [PMID: 28105201 PMCID: PMC5228523 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles (MVs) are 30-1,000-nm extracellular vesicles that are released from a multitude of cell types and perform diverse cellular functions, including intercellular communication, antigen presentation, and transfer of proteins, messenger RNA and microRNA (also known as miR). MicroRNAs have been demonstrated to be aberrantly expressed in leukemia, and the overall microRNA expression profile may differentiate normal blood cells vs. leukemia cells. MVs containing microRNAs may enable intercellular cross-talk in vivo. This prompted us to investigate specific variations of microRNA expression patterns in MVs derived from leukemia cells. The present study examined the microRNA expression profile of MVs from chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells and that of MVs from normal human volunteers' peripheral blood cells. The potential targets of the differentially expressed microRNAs were predicted using computational searches. Bioinformatic analyses of the predicted target genes were performed for further evaluation. The present study analyzed microRNAs of MVs derived from leukemia and normal cells, and characterized specific microRNAs expression. The results revealed that MVs derived from K562 cells expressed 181 microRNAs of the 888 microRNAs assessed. Further analysis revealed that 16 microRNAs were downregulated, while 7 were upregulated in these MVs. In addition, significant differences in microRNA expression profiles between MVs derived from K562 cells and K562 cells were identified. The present results revealed that 77 and 122 microRNAs were only expressed in MVs derived from K562 cells and in K562 cells, respectively. There were 104 microRNAs co-expressed in MVs derived from K562 cells and in K562 cells. Target gene-related pathway analyses demonstrated that the majority of the dysregulated microRNAs were involved in pathways associated with leukemia, particularly the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the p53 signaling pathways. By further conducting microRNA gene network analysis, the present study revealed that the miR-15a/b, miR-16, miR-17 and miR-30 families were likely to play a role in the regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Since K562 cells presented the t(9;22) translocation, the current study further examined the predicted function of 12 microRNAs located in chromosomes 9 [Homo sapiens (hsa)-let-7a, hsa-let-7f, miR-126, miR-126*, miR-23b, miR-24, miR-27b and miR-7] and 22 (hsa-let-7b, miR-1249, miR-130b and miR-185), which were expressed both in MVs derived from K562 cells and in K562 cells. The present study identified microRNAs of MVs from leukemia and normal cells, and characterized the expression of specific microRNAs. The current study is also the first to identify and characterize distinct microRNA expression between MVs derived from K562 cells and K562 cells. These findings highlight that a number of microRNAs from leukemia-derived MVs may contribute to the development of hematopoietic malignancies. Further investigation may reveal the function of these differentially expressed microRNAs and may provide potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Chen
- Center for Biotherapy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine at Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Huiyu Li
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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