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Wu W, Fang X, Li J, Zhang A, Zou Y, Zheng X. Application of dual-source computed tomography in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer and evaluation of biological behaviors. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2023; 51:195-202. [PMID: 36539919 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroid cancer (TC) is an extremely prevailing malignant endocrine tumor. Therefore, effective diagnostic tools are necessary. This study explored the application value of dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) in TC diagnosis and biological behavior assessment. METHODS This study retrospectively selected 68 TC patients and another 74 benign patients with thyroid adenoma, nodular goiter, or adenomatous hyperplasia. All patients were confirmed by pathological examination and underwent DSCT examination. The iodine concentration (IC) obtained from plain computed tomography (CT) scanning and normalized iodine concentration (NIC) in the arterial phase and venous phase were recorded. The positive expression rates of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), estrogen receptors beta (ERβ), and Ki67 in pathological tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry, and their correlation with IC in plain CT was assessed by Pearson correlation analysis, respectively. The diagnostic values of IC in plain CT and venous phase NIC in TC patients were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS Malignant patients had lower IC in plain DSCT scanning, venous phase NIC, and ERβ, and higher ERα and Ki67 than benign patients. IC level in plain DSCT scanning was inversely-correlated with ERα and Ki-67 positive expression rates, but positively-related to ERβ to different degrees. For the diagnosis of TC patients, the AUC of IC level in plain DSCT was 0.771, with a cut-off value of 1.250 (97.06% sensitivity and 41.89% specificity), and the AUC of venous phase NIC was 0.738, with a cut-off value of 0.825 (100% sensitivity and 43.24% specificity). CONCLUSION The IC level obtained from DSCT scanning could assist in the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign thyroid nodules and evaluation of biological behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wu
- Department of Radiology, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Xuewen Fang
- Department of Radiology, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Jianming Li
- Department of Radiology, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - An Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Yujian Zou
- Department of Radiology, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaolin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Kanghua Hospital, Dongguan, China
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Teixeira MP, Haddad NF, Passos EF, Andrade MN, Campos MLA, da Silva JMC, de Figueiredo CS, Giestal-de-Araujo E, de Carvalho DP, Miranda-Alves L, de Paiva LS. Ouabain Effects on Human Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma 8505C Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246168. [PMID: 36551653 PMCID: PMC9777381 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare, but aggressive, carcinoma derived from follicular cells. While conventional treatments may improve patients' survival, the lethality remains high. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more effective ATC treatments. Cardiotonic steroids, such as ouabain, have been shown to have therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. Thus, we aimed to evaluate ouabain's effects in human anaplastic thyroid cells. For this, 8505C cells were cultured in the presence or absence of ouabain. Viability, cell death, cell cycle, colony formation and migratory ability were evaluated in ouabain-treated and control 8505C cells. The expression of differentiation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, as well as IL-6, TGFb1 and their respective receptors were also quantified in these same cells. Our results showed that ouabain in vitro decreased the number of viable 8505C cells, possibly due to an inhibition of proliferation. A reduction in migration was also observed in ouabain-treated 8505C cells. In contrast, decreased mRNA levels of PAX8 and TTF1 differentiation markers and increased levels of the N-cadherin EMT marker, as well as IL-6 and TGFb1, were found in ouabain-treated 8505C cells. In short, ouabain may have anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effect on 8505C cells, but maintains an aggressive and undifferentiated profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pires Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunorregulação, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-201, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24220-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-170, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-987080309
| | - Natalia Ferreira Haddad
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-170, Brazil
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Eliza Freitas Passos
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Marcelle Novaes Andrade
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-912, Brazil
| | - Maria Luisa Arantes Campos
- Laboratório de Imunorregulação, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-201, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24220-900, Brazil
| | - Joyle Moreira Carvalho da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunorregulação, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-201, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24220-900, Brazil
| | - Camila Saggioro de Figueiredo
- Departamento de Neurobiologia e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-200, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation—INCT-NIM, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Giestal-de-Araujo
- Departamento de Neurobiologia e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-200, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation—INCT-NIM, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Denise Pires de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-170, Brazil
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Leandro Miranda-Alves
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-170, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-912, Brazil
| | - Luciana Souza de Paiva
- Laboratório de Imunorregulação, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-201, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24220-900, Brazil
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Kim HJ, Chang HS, Ryu YH. Prognostic Role of Pre-Treatment [ 18F]FDG PET/CT in Patients with Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164228. [PMID: 34439382 PMCID: PMC8391441 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study evaluates the prognostic capability of the 18fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) which can be used as a potential biomarker reflecting glycolysis. ATC is a rare, but highly lethal disease with a one-year overall survival of 20%, and its prognostic factors have rarely been investigated. In this study, survival data correlated with PET/CT derived parameters provide evidence that FDG uptake assessed by PET/CT is a prognostic marker, which may have a clinical impact on the management of patients with ATC. Abstract Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare but highly lethal disease. Therefore, its diagnosis at an early stage and a rapid and accurate establishment of a proper treatment strategy is warranted. Tumor glycolysis assessed by 18fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is predictive of many cancers despite its limited proven applicability to ATC. We investigated the prognostic capability of [18F]FDG PET/CT in patients with ATC. Forty patients with ATC were subjected to [18F]FDG PET/CT for pre-treatment evaluation. The tumor size and stage, overall survival (OS), and PET parameters, including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were analyzed. The 1-year OS rate was 17.5% with a mean life expectancy of 7.1 months. Distant metastasis was detected solely using PET/CT in 37.5% of cases. High SUVmax, MTV, and TLG were significantly associated with poor prognosis (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, and p < 0.001, respectively). A significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed in OS between patients with a high and low tumor SUVmax. Glucose metabolism assessed by [18F]FDG PET/CT was significantly associated with the OS of patients with ATC. PET-derived parameters such as SUVmax, MTV, and TLG are useful prognostic biomarkers for ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Korea;
| | - Hang-Seok Chang
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-S.C.); (Y.H.R.); Tel.: +82-2-2019-3510 (H.-S.C.)
| | - Young Hoon Ryu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-S.C.); (Y.H.R.); Tel.: +82-2-2019-3510 (H.-S.C.)
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Predictors of Response and Survival to Multikinase Inhibitors in Radioiodine Resistant Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11070674. [PMID: 34357141 PMCID: PMC8306329 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib and lenvatinib are the only multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) approved for the treatment of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC). Although they have been demonstrated to improve progression free survival and overall response rate, the risk of toxicities is very high, worsening patients’ quality of life. Therefore, predicting MKI treatment outcomes in the setting of RR-DTC is very challenging for optimizing patients’ management. The current review provides an overview of the predictive factors for the response and survival of sorafenib and lenvatinib in RR-DTC. In this setting, a systemic therapy should be considered after conducting a multidisciplinary discussion aimed at evaluating the risk-benefit ratio of the treatment and taking into account several clinical, biochemical, and molecular factors. Age, performance status, and cancer-related symptoms are the most important clinical markers to be considered prior to starting MKI treatment, together with tumor burden. Some tissue and circulating biomarkers have been investigated, those involved in the angiogenic pathways being the most promising. Finally, prospective clinical trials aimed at evaluating predictive markers for therapeutic response are needed for tailoring patient management and allowing more appropriate treatment choices.
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Mousa SA, Hercbergs A, Lin HY, Keating KA, Davis PJ. Actions of Thyroid Hormones on Thyroid Cancers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:691736. [PMID: 34234745 PMCID: PMC8255668 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.691736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
L-Thyroxine (T4) is the principal ligand of the thyroid hormone analogue receptor on the extracellular domain of integrin αvβ3. The integrin is overexpressed and activated in cancer cells, rapidly dividing endothelial cells, and platelets. The biologic result is that T4 at physiological concentration and without conversion to 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) may stimulate cancer cell proliferation and cancer-relevant angiogenesis and platelet coagulation. Pro-thrombotic activity of T4 on platelets is postulated to support cancer-linked blood clotting and to contribute to tumor cell metastasis. We examine some of these findings as they may relate to cancers of the thyroid. Differentiated thyroid cancer cells respond to physiological levels of T4 with increased proliferation. Thus, the possibility exists that in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas in whom T4 administration and consequent endogenous thyrotropin suppression have failed to arrest the disease, T4 treatment may be stimulating tumor cell proliferation. In vitro studies have shown that tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac), a derivative of T4, acts via the integrin to block T4 support of thyroid cancer and other solid tumor cells. Actions of T4 and tetrac or chemically modified tetrac modulate gene expression in thyroid cancer cells. T4 induces radioresistance via induction of a conformational change in the integrin in various cancer cells, although not yet established in thyroid cancer cells. The thyroid hormone receptor on integrin αvβ3 mediates a number of actions of T4 on differentiated thyroid cancer cells that support the biology of the cancer. Additional studies are required to determine whether T4 acts on thyroid cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselear, NY, United States
| | - Aleck Hercbergs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselear, NY, United States
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kelly A. Keating
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselear, NY, United States
| | - Paul J. Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselear, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Paul J. Davis, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-4917
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