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Burton RL, Kim HW, Lee S, Kim H, Seok JH, Ku KY, Seo J, Kim SJ, Xie J, McGuinness D, Skinner JM, Choi SK, Baik YO, Bae S, Nahm MH, Kim KH. Assignment of opsonic values to pneumococcal reference serum 007sp and a second pneumococcal OPA calibration serum panel (Ewha QC sera panel B) for 11 serotypes. Vaccine 2020; 38:8145-8153. [PMID: 33162203 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have been effective in reducing the disease burden caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The first licensed PCV (PCV7) was composed of capsular polysaccharides from seven serotypes. This was followed by PCV10, then PCV13, and currently there are a number of higher valency vaccines in development. As part of licensure, new vaccine iterations require assessment of immunogenicity. Since some antibodies can be non-functional, measuring functional antibodies is desirable. To meet this need, opsonophagocytic assays (OPAs) have been developed. Previous studies have shown there can be significant variations in OPA results from different laboratories. We have previously shown that standardizing OPA data using reference serum 007sp can decrease this variation. To extend this approach to additional serotypes, a panel of sera was tested by five laboratories using a multiplexed OPA for serotypes 2, 8, 9N, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, 17F, 20B, 22F, and 33F. Each sample was tested in five runs with 007sp tested three times in each run. Results were analyzed using a mixed effects ANOVA model. Standardization of the results significantly decreased the inter-laboratory variation for some serotypes. For serotypes 2, 8, and 11A, the variability was reduced by 40%, 45%, and 40%, respectively. For serotypes 12F, 17F, and 20B, the reductions were more modest (14%, 19%, and 24%, respectively). Standardization had little effect for the remaining serotypes. In many cases, the impact of normalization was blunted by the results from five sera that were collected after an extended post-vaccination interval. We have previously reported consensus values for 007sp for 13 serotypes, as well as the creation of a calibration serum panel ("Ewha Panel A"). Here, we report consensus values for 11 additional serotypes for 007sp and the creation of a second serum panel ("Ewha Panel B"). These consensus values will facilitate the development of next-generation PCVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Burton
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Han Wool Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Vaccine Evaluation and Study, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Vaccine Evaluation and Study, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Kim
- Bio R&D Center, SK bioscience, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Seok
- Bio R&D Center, SK bioscience, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Young Ku
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals R&D, LG Chem, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Seo
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals R&D, LG Chem, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jin Kim
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals R&D, LG Chem, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinfu Xie
- Infectious Diseases/Vaccines, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Debra McGuinness
- Infectious Diseases/Vaccines, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Julie M Skinner
- Infectious Diseases/Vaccines, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Sejong Bae
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Moon H Nahm
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kyung-Hyo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Vaccine Evaluation and Study, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Schroeder HW. The Many Gaps in Our Knowledge of the Etiology, Pathogenesis, Complications, and Prognosis of Hypogammaglobulinemia and Common Variable Immune Deficiency. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2019; 7:1285-1286. [PMID: 30961841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Harry W Schroeder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala.
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Sorensen RU, Edgar D. Specific Antibody Deficiencies in Clinical Practice. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2019; 7:801-808. [PMID: 30682575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Specific antibody deficiency (SAD) is defined as the inability to mount an antibody response to purified Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide antigens in the presence of normal immunoglobulin concentrations and normal antibody responses to protein antigens. In this review, we discuss the difficulties in using presently available testing methods to adequately define SAD. The fact that there are different forms of SADs to pneumococcal surface polysaccharides is detailed. The diagnostic and therapeutic implications of recognizing that, in addition to SAD, there are other forms of SAD in the response to S. pneumoniae polysaccharides are described in detail. The conclusion of this review is that assessment of immunity and therapeutic actions to deal with SADs need to be based on clinical evidence rather than solely on arbitrarily defined antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo U Sorensen
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, La; Louisiana Primary Immunodeficiency Network, New Orleans, La; Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - David Edgar
- Regional Immunology Service, The Royal Hospitals, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust and Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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Sorensen RU, Edgar JDM. Overview of antibody‐mediated immunity toS. pneumoniae:pneumococcal infections, pneumococcal immunity assessment, and recommendations for IG product evaluation. Transfusion 2018; 58 Suppl 3:3106-3113. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo U. Sorensen
- Department of PediatricsLouisiana State University Health Science Center New Orleans LA
- Louisiana Primary Immunodeficiency Network and Faculty of MedicineUniversity of La Frontera Temuco Chile
| | - J. David M. Edgar
- Regional Immunology Service, The Royal Hospitals, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust and Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK
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