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Chahal S, Rani P, Singh R, Joshi G, Kumar R, Kumar P, Wadhwa D, Singh D, Sindhu J. Naphthoquinone fused diazepines targeting hyperamylasemia: potential therapeutic agents for diabetes and cancer. Future Med Chem 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39301934 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2400968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Elevated levels of amylase in the blood, known as hyperamylasemia, have been correlated with diabetes and cancer. To investigate the impact of hyperamylasemia on cellular proliferation, it is imperative to design dual inhibitors targeting both α-amylase activity and cancer progression.Materials & methods: Naphthoquinone fused diazepines have been synthesized using multicomponent reaction with high Eco-score of 87 and evaluated for bio efficacy using antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition assay. A correlation between diabetes and cancer has been established via preliminary screening against A549 based lung cancer cell line at 5 μM.Results & conclusion: Compound 4b exhibited superior anti-oxidant and α-amylase inhibitory potential over butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and acarbose, respectively with uncompetitive mode of inhibition. Compounds possessing more than 50 % inhibition were then investigated for their IC50 against A549 (Lung cancer), and Breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) cells. Among all, compound 4p has been selected for further studies, as it demonstrated significant cytotoxicity, while compound 4b showed no effect on AKT gene expression but upregulated IGF-1R gene expression, suggesting a role in managing diabetes. Compound 4p exhibited the ability to decrease AKT expression and increase IGF-1R expression, indicating its potential for treating both diabetes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Chahal
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Payal Rani
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Rajvir Singh
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Gaurav Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal (A Central) University, Srinagar, Dist. Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, VPO, Gudha, 151401, Punjab
- Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be university) University, Dehradun, 151001, India
| | - Parvin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India
| | - Deepak Wadhwa
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, 127021, India
| | - Devender Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Jayant Sindhu
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
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Jeon S, Choi H, Jeon Y, Choi WH, Choi H, An K, Ryu H, Bhak J, Lee H, Kwon Y, Ha S, Kim YJ, Blazyte A, Kim C, Kim Y, Kang Y, Woo YJ, Lee C, Seo J, Yoon C, Bolser D, Biro O, Shin ES, Kim BC, Kim SY, Park JH, Jeon J, Jung D, Lee S, Bhak J. Korea4K: whole genome sequences of 4,157 Koreans with 107 phenotypes derived from extensive health check-ups. Gigascience 2024; 13:giae014. [PMID: 38626723 PMCID: PMC11020240 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenome-wide association studies (PheWASs) have been conducted on Asian populations, including Koreans, but many were based on chip or exome genotyping data. Such studies have limitations regarding whole genome-wide association analysis, making it crucial to have genome-to-phenome association information with the largest possible whole genome and matched phenome data to conduct further population-genome studies and develop health care services based on population genomics. RESULTS Here, we present 4,157 whole genome sequences (Korea4K) coupled with 107 health check-up parameters as the largest genomic resource of the Korean Genome Project. It encompasses most of the variants with allele frequency >0.001 in Koreans, indicating that it sufficiently covered most of the common and rare genetic variants with commonly measured phenotypes for Koreans. Korea4K provides 45,537,252 variants, and half of them were not present in Korea1K (1,094 samples). We also identified 1,356 new genotype-phenotype associations that were not found by the Korea1K dataset. Phenomics analyses further revealed 24 significant genetic correlations, 14 pleiotropic associations, and 127 causal relationships based on Mendelian randomization among 37 traits. In addition, the Korea4K imputation reference panel, the largest Korean variants reference to date, showed a superior imputation performance to Korea1K across all allele frequency categories. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, Korea4K provides not only the largest Korean genome data but also corresponding health check-up parameters and novel genome-phenome associations. The large-scale pathological whole genome-wide omics data will become a powerful set for genome-phenome level association studies to discover causal markers for the prediction and diagnosis of health conditions in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwon Jeon
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Clinomics, Inc., Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Choi
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsu Jeon
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Clinomics, Inc., Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Whan-Hyuk Choi
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mathematics, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Choi
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwhan An
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojung Ryu
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Clinomics, Inc., Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihun Bhak
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjae Lee
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsung Kwon
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyeon Ha
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering (CSE), College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Jin Kim
- Clinomics, Inc., Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Asta Blazyte
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Younghui Kang
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Clinomics, Inc., Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Chanyoung Lee
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Seo
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhan Yoon
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan Bolser
- Geromics Ltd., Cambridge CB1 3NF, United Kingdom
| | | | - Eun-Seok Shin
- Department of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seon-Young Kim
- Korea Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Park
- Korea Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongbum Jeon
- Korea Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dooyoung Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Semin Lee
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bhak
- Korean Genomics Center (KOGIC), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Clinomics, Inc., Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Personal Genomics Institute (PGI), Genome Research Foundation (GRF), Osong 28160, Republic of Korea
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Chetana Panthula SV, Krishnan S, Jose WM. The utility of serum amylase as a prognostic marker in multiple myeloma. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1231-1235. [PMID: 37787288 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2143_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Ectopic production of amylase by tumor cells is known since 1951. Elevated amylase in multiple myeloma (MM) was first described in 1988. It has been postulated that translocation of chromosome 1, where amylase gene is situated, is responsible for ectopic production from the malignant plasma cells. Anecdotal reports have shown hyperamylasemia in MM to be associated with extensive bone disease, rapid progression, and shorter survival. Serum amylase estimation is a ubiquitous test. This prospective study was conducted to ascertain the degree of elevated amylase, its clinical utility, and implications in MM patients. Materials and Methods In an 18-month period, all consenting patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed MM were tested for serum amylase levels. The study excluded patients with elevated lipase, abnormal creatinine clearance, and evidence of intestinal obstruction or perforation. Patients with amylase value >100 U/L were designated to have "elevated amylase level" for the purpose of this study. Results We enrolled 58 patients with MM, of which 29.3% (n = 17) were found to have elevated serum amylase levels. The median age of patients with elevated amylase was 65 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.9:1. There was no statistical association between age, gender, type of heavy chain class, light chain, or high-risk cytogenetics. Among patients with the International Staging System (ISS), Stages I, II, and III, 20.8% (n = 5), 31.3% (n = 5), and 41.2% (n = 7) were noted to have elevated amylase levels. A statistically significant association was noted between the presence of extramedullary disease (EMD) and elevated amylase level (P = 0.028). Higher mortality (29.4% versus 17%) and shorter mean survival of (30.2 ± 3.3 months versus 51.7 + 4.9 months) were recorded in patients with elevated amylase levels in comparison to those with normal levels. Conclusions Elevated serum amylase level in MM is indicative of advanced ISS stage, the presence of EMD, higher risk of mortality, and shorter survival. Serum amylase can be used as a cost-effective tool in myeloma management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sajitha Krishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Science, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Wesley M Jose
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Science, Kochi, Kerala, India
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