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Shimizu Y, Matsuyama M, Noguchi Y, Takada M, Kawashiri SY, Fukui S, Nakamichi S, Nagata Y, Maeda T, Hayashida N. Association between anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroid stimulating hormone: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14358. [PMID: 37658108 PMCID: PMC10474262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To maintain normal level of thyroid hormone, especially for free thyroxine (FT4), individuals with latent thyroid gland damage might have required higher thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) than those without latent thyroid gland damage. Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) is a main cause of auto-immune thyroiditis, and therefore euthyroid individuals positive for TPO-Ab might have latent damage to the thyroid gland. Therefore, the association between TSH values and TPO-Ab positivity may be useful to determine the influence of latent thyroid gland damage on requirement of TSH. Furthermore, because latent damage of thyroid might elevate TSH level but not FT4 level, those associations should be observed independent from FT4. This cross-sectional study analyzed 1431 Japanese with normal ranges of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and FT4. Since TPO-Ab is associated with atherosclerosis in euthyroid individuals, cardiovascular risk factors might underlie the association between TPO-Ab and TSH values. After adjusting for FT4 and known cardiovascular risk factors, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of TPO-Ab positivity for logarithmic value of TSH was 1.53 (1.20, 1.95). Essentially the same association was observed when the analysis was restricted to individuals without subclinical hypothyroidism (1.54 [1.15, 2.13]). Euthyroid individuals with latent thyroid gland damage might have increased the requirement of TSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto Nagasaki-shi, Nagsaki, 852-8523, Japan.
- Epiedmiology Section, Division of Public Health, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, 537-0025, Japan.
| | - Mutsumi Matsuyama
- Division of Strategic Collaborative Research, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yuko Noguchi
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Midori Takada
- Epiedmiology Section, Division of Public Health, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, 537-0025, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shoichi Fukui
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto Nagasaki-shi, Nagsaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Seiko Nakamichi
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto Nagasaki-shi, Nagsaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Nagasaki University Health Center, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nagata
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto Nagasaki-shi, Nagsaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Naomi Hayashida
- Division of Strategic Collaborative Research, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
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Karimi F, Lavaee F, Nematollahi A, Sahmeddini S. Assessing the thyroid autoimmunity association with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:611. [PMID: 37649008 PMCID: PMC10470142 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent investigations have highlighted autoimmune origins and abnormal immune responses; particularly those related to T cell-mediated immunity and elevated T lymphocyte cells in the oral mucosa. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATDs) in an Iranian population. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed on 102 patients diagnosed with ATD (cases) and 102 healthy patients (controls) who had been referred for the routine dental treatment. All participants were asked for the history of RAS and their age, gender, other systemic diseases, medications, and frequency of RAS in a year. Matching was performed based on the propensity scores for age and sex. In addition, the number of lesions in each recurrence in both groups was assessed and compared. The type of thyroid disease has been assessed for case participants and has been confirmed by the endocrinologist. The chi-square test, t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data using SPSS 18. RESULTS Patients with ATD had higher RAS than healthy controls (P = 0.040). ATD patients had 1.93 times more risk for RAS, and the frequency of RAS in a year was 3.15times higher in these patients (P = 0.011). Moreover, the frequency of RAS was higher in patients with hypothyroidism than in those with hyperthyroidism. However, there were no significant differences in the size and the number of lesions between the groups. CONCLUSION The risk and frequency of RAS were significantly higher in patients with ATDs. This would provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms and potential treatment strategies for both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Karimi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Lavaee
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Disease Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Aida Nematollahi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sarina Sahmeddini
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Disease Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Nilkantham S, Majumdar V, Singh A. Scientific yoga module for hypothyroidism: A study protocol for tele-yoga RCT. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2023; 33:101157. [PMID: 37342177 PMCID: PMC10277449 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Management of thyroid dysfunction has a direct effect on the quality of life and studies have recognized that hypothyroidism has become a public health challenge. Although conventional medicine is widely used, its long-term side effects are elucidated. This study aims to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) through tele-mode to assess the effectiveness of the newly developed and validated "Scientific Yoga Module" as a telehealth concept for improving the quality of life in patients with hypothyroidism along with management of other symptoms as compared to the standard of care. Method This is a single-blinded, two-arm, parallel-group RCT in which at least a total of 120 primary hypothyroid subjects both male and female between the age group 18 to 60 will be recruited from the database of Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA). Participants will be randomly divided into a yoga intervention group (n = 60) and a waitlist control group (n = 60) as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. A tele-yoga intervention for six months will be administered and pre-interim-post data will be recorded for both groups. This protocol is designed to study the effect of Scientific Yoga Module intervention on primary assessments of SF-36 scale [health-related quality of life (HRQOL) that includes physical, mental, emotional, and social states] along with secondary assessments on the biochemical test of thyroid profile-{Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), Thyroid Stimulating Hormones (TSH)}, Body Mass Index (BMI), Blood Pressure (BP), Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Gita Inventory of personality scale (GIP). Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this tele-yoga RCT for hypothyroidism will be the first clinical trial to analyze the effectiveness of a "Scientific Yoga Module" imparted through tele-mode.
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Yang L, Zhang M, Zhang H, Zheng G, Xu C, Li G. Association of thyroid autoimmunity with the presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30881. [PMID: 36181027 PMCID: PMC9524898 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on the association of thyroid autoimmunity with cardiometabolic risk and coronary artery disease (CAD) have produced conflicting results. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of thyroid autoimmune bodies (thyroid peroxidase antibody [TPOAb] and thyroglobulin antibody [TgAb]) with CAD in euthyroid subjects undergoing coronary angiography. A total of 307 subjects who underwent coronary angiography were included. The severity of coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated by using Gensini score. Serum TSH, total T3, total T4, TPOAb, TgAb, lipid levels et al were measured and compared between the groups with and without CAD. Logistic multivariate regression analysis were performed to assess the associations. Levels of thyroid hormones were comparable between the two groups. The positive percentage of anti-Tg antibodies was higher in non-CAD group (15.22% vs 7.91%, χ2 = 3.95, p = .047) while no significant difference was observed for anti-TPO antibodies (19.57% vs 17.21%, χ2 = 0.243, p = .622). The natural log-transformed Gensini score (ln (Gensini score)) was lower in the TgAb+ group (2.94 ± 1.11 vs 2.41 ± 1.18, P = .015). There was no significant difference for ln (Gensini score) between TPOAb- and TPOAb+ group (2.90 ± 1.14 vs 2.85 ± 1.09, P = .782). Logistical regression analysis revealed that positive TgAb was inversely associated with the presence of CAD (OR: 0.387, 95% CI: 0.157-0.952, p = .039) independent of other risk factors. The results showed that TgAb positivity might be an independent protective factor for CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
- Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian city, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian city, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian city, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Guanlin Zheng
- Taishan vocational college of nursing, Taian city, 271000, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Guangyao Li
- Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China
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Sahu M, Mishra I, Baliarsinha AK, Choudhury AK, Routray SN. Utility of Epicardial Fat Thickness in Subclinical Hypothyroid Children to Determine Existence of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Them. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2022; 26:483-489. [PMID: 36618523 PMCID: PMC9815187 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_296_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Adult studies have shown the association of subclinical hypothyroid (SCH) with various cardiovascular dysfunction, which indicates SCH may be a potentially modifiable risk factor of CV disease and mortality. However, there is still controversy about the association of cardiovascular dysfunction in children with SCH. Epicardial fat thickness (EFT) is a reliable and sensitive marker of cardiovascular risk and has become an emerging modality to predict CV risks. Aims To measure the EFT in children with subclinical hypothyroidism and compare with healthy children. To find its correlation with subclinical atherosclerosis. To compare EFT between TPO positive and TPO negative subclinical hypothyroid patients. Materials and Methods Children of subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH >5 mIU/ml with normal FT3, FT4, and age and sex matched control were included as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical data was collected from all study subjects. Thyroid function tests including FT3, FT4 and TSH, TPO antibody, fasting insulin, hsCRP, Lp(a), USG neck for carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), USG brachial artery for flow mediated dilation (FMD) and echocardiography for epicardial fat thickness (EFT) were done in all patients. Results A total 42 number of SCH and 50 age and sex matched controls were recruited and screened for various parameters of subclinical atherosclerosis. EFT was significantly higher in the cases than in the controls (6.27 mm vs 4.54 mm) with P value < 0.001. Brachial FMD was significantly lower in cases than the cohort (4.5% vs 8.93%, P < 0.001). Difference in CIMT was not significant amongst the cases and controls. EFT failed to correlate with the level of TSH though it had significant positive correlation with hsCRP. The patients who were TPO positive, had higher fasting insulin, HOMAIR, hsCRP, Lp(a) than those who were TPO negative. Conclusion Results of this study show the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in children with SCH regardless of the aetiologies. The patients of Hashimoto thyroiditis had significantly high insulin resistance and inflammation than the SCH patients of other aetiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Sahu
- Department of Endocrinology, S.C.B Medical College Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Ipsita Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, S.C.B Medical College Cuttack, Odisha, India
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Normal Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (TPO-Ab) Titers and Active Arterial Wall Thickening among Euthyroid Individuals: A Prospective Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030521. [PMID: 35159980 PMCID: PMC8836412 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Among euthyroid individuals, having an anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) titer in the normal range (negative) is positively associated with atherosclerosis as evaluated based on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Atherosclerosis is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but no significant association between yearly progression in CIMT and cardiovascular disease has been reported. Therefore, clarifying the association between having a TPO-Ab titer in the normal range and yearly progression in CIMT (i.e., active arterial wall thickening) among euthyroid individuals could help inform strategies for preventing cardiovascular disease. We conducted a prospective study of 1069 Japanese subjects with free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine levels within the normal range. Having a TPO-Ab titer in the normal range was significantly positively associated with baseline atherosclerosis and significantly inversely associated with active arterial wall thickening. After adjusting for known confounding factors, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of log (TPO-Ab titer) for baseline atherosclerosis and active arterial wall thickening was 2.16 (1.07, 4.35) and 0.59 (0.37, 0.93), respectively. Since progression in CIMT is a process of aggressive endothelial repair, deficient endothelial repair inhibits active arterial wall thickening. Therefore, high–normal TPO-Ab titers might induce a deficiency in endothelial repair.
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Giontella A, Lotta LA, Overton JD, Baras A, Sartorio A, Minuz P, Gill D, Melander O, Fava C. Association of Thyroid Function with Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease: A Mendelian Randomization. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11121306. [PMID: 34945778 PMCID: PMC8704995 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11121306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid function has a widespread effect on the cardiometabolic system. However, the causal association between either subclinical hyper- or hypothyroidism and the thyroid hormones with blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is not clear. We aim to investigate this in a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free tetraiodothyronine (FT4), hyper- and hypothyroidism, and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), were selected as MR instrumental variables. SNPs-outcome (BP, CVD) associations were evaluated in a large-scale cohort, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (n = 29,298). Causal estimates were computed by inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger approaches. Genetically increased levels of TSH were associated with decreased systolic BP and with a lower risk of atrial fibrillation. Hyperthyroidism and TPOAb were associated with a lower risk of atrial fibrillation. Our data support a causal association between genetically decreased levels of TSH and both atrial fibrillation and systolic BP. The lack of significance after Bonferroni correction and the sensitivity analyses suggesting pleiotropy, should prompt us to be cautious in their interpretation. Nevertheless, these findings offer mechanistic insight into the etiology of CVD. Further work into the genes involved in thyroid functions and their relation to cardiovascular outcomes may highlight pathways for targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Giontella
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.G.); (A.S.); (P.M.)
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden;
| | - Luca A. Lotta
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA; (L.A.L.); (J.D.O.); (A.B.)
| | - John D. Overton
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA; (L.A.L.); (J.D.O.); (A.B.)
| | - Aris Baras
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA; (L.A.L.); (J.D.O.); (A.B.)
| | | | - Andrea Sartorio
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.G.); (A.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Pietro Minuz
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.G.); (A.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
- Clinical Pharmacology Group, Pharmacy and Medicines Directorate, St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London SW17 0QT, UK
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Section, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Olle Melander
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden;
- Department of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cristiano Fava
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.G.); (A.S.); (P.M.)
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden;
- Correspondence:
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Shimizu Y, Nabeshima-Kimura Y, Kawashiri SY, Noguchi Y, Minami S, Nagata Y, Maeda T, Hayashida N. Association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and proteinuria in relation to thyroid cyst in a euthyroid general population. J Physiol Anthropol 2021; 40:15. [PMID: 34627373 PMCID: PMC8502342 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-021-00264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) have been reported to be associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) among euthyroid individuals. However, there has been only limited research on the association between TSH and proteinuria, a major risk factor for the progression of renal disease. Methods A cross-sectional study of 1595 euthyroid individuals was conducted. All participants were within the normal range for free triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (T4), and TSH. Analyses were stratified by thyroid cyst status to test the hypothesis that the absence of thyroid cysts, an indicator of latent thyroid damage, is associated with declining ability to synthesis thyroid hormone. Results For participants with thyroid cysts, a significant inverse association between TSH and proteinuria was observed (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) of log-transformed TSH for proteinuria 0.40 (0.18, 0.89)). In participants without thyroid cysts, a significant positive association between those two factors was observed (2.06 (1.09, 3.90)). Conclusions Among euthyroid individuals in the general population, being in the normal range of TSH was found to have an ambivalent association with proteinuria. Thyroid cyst status could be an effect modifier for those associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. .,Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention, Osaka, Japan. .,Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki-shi, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Yuko Nabeshima-Kimura
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki-shi, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yuko Noguchi
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki-shi, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shigeki Minami
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Nagasaki Harbor Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nagata
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki-shi, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naomi Hayashida
- Division of Promotion of Collaborative Research on Radiation and Environment Health Effects, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Shimizu Y, Kawashiri SY, Noguchi Y, Nagata Y, Maeda T, Hayashida N. Association between thyroid cysts and hypertension by atherosclerosis status: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13922. [PMID: 34230513 PMCID: PMC8260587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Our recent studies indicate that thyroid cysts have clinical implications. Thyroid cysts could have a positive effect on the supply of thyroid hormones. Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism cause hypertension. Hypothyroidism, but not hyperthyroidism, is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Therefore, thyroid cysts could be associated with hypertension, and atherosclerosis might influence the association between thyroid cysts and hypertension. To evaluate the clinical significance of thyroid cysts, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 1801 Japanese aged 40–74 years. Thyroid cysts were significantly positively associated with hypertension in participants without atherosclerosis. However, there was a significant inverse association in those with atherosclerosis. The potential confounding factor adjusted odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were 1.49 (95% CI 1.17–1.90) for participants without atherosclerosis and 0.49 (95% CI 0.24–0.98) for those with atherosclerosis. The present study demonstrates that thyroid cysts have clinical implications because thyroid cysts support thyroid hormone activity. Our findings provide sufficient evidence to develop a risk assessment for hypertension for the general population, even though further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki-shi, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki-shi, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yuko Noguchi
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki-shi, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nagata
- Center for Comprehensive Community Care Education, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki-shi, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naomi Hayashida
- Division of Promotion of Collaborative Research on Radiation and Environment Health Effects, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Alsaeiti K, A. Benali S, Hamedh M, Ibkhatra S. Awareness of hand hygiene among physicians at Benghazi Medical Center during COVID-19 pandemic. A cross sectional study. APOLLO MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/am.am_119_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Shimizu Y, Nabeshima-Kimura Y, Kawashiri SY, Noguchi Y, Nagata Y, Maeda T, Hayashida N. Associations between thyroid-stimulating hormone and hypertension according to thyroid cyst status in the general population: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:69. [PMID: 33153430 PMCID: PMC7646082 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The absence of thyroid cysts may indicate latent thyroid damage, as demonstrated in our previous study. However, the association between the absence of thyroid cysts and latent functional damage of the thyroid is unknown. At low thyroid hormone productivity, which may be associated with latent functional damage of the thyroid, the association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and hypertension might be enhanced. Therefore, we evaluated the association between TSH level and hypertension stratified by thyroid cyst status. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1724 euthyroid Japanese individuals aged 40–74 years who participated in an annual health checkup in 2014. Results In the study population, 564 and 686 participants had thyroid cysts and hypertension, respectively. A significant positive association was observed between TSH and hypertension in subjects without a thyroid cyst but not in subjects with thyroid cysts. There was a significant positive association between hypertension and TSH in subjects without a thyroid cyst (odds ratio [OR] 1.27; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.01, 1.61) but not in subjects with thyroid cysts (OR 0.79; CI 0.57, 1.09) in the model fully adjusted for known confounding factors. The correlation between the TSH and free triiodothyronine (fee T3) levels (simple correlation coefficient [r] = − 0.13, p < 0.01) was stronger in the subjects without thyroid cysts than in those with thyroid cysts (r = − 0.03, p = 0.525). Conclusions TSH is positively associated with hypertension only in individuals without thyroid cysts. The correlation between the TSH and free T3 levels was stronger in the subjects without thyroid cysts than in those with thyroid cysts. Therefore, the absence of thyroid cysts could be related to the association between TSH level and hypertension, possibly by indicating that the subjects without thyroid cysts had limited thyroid hormone reserves. Therefore, the absence of thyroid cysts could indicate the latent functional damage of the thyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. .,Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yuko Nabeshima-Kimura
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuko Noguchi
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nagata
- Center for Comprehensive Community Care Education, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naomi Hayashida
- Division of Promotion of Collaborative Research on Radiation and Environment Health Effects, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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