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Xie Y, Ma D, Duan Y, Cao J, Wei J. The association among negative life events, alexithymia, and depressive symptoms in a psychosomatic outpatient sample. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:451. [PMID: 38890601 PMCID: PMC11186062 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a life-threatening mental health problem. Various factors have been demonstrated to be associated with depressive symptoms, including negative life events (NLEs) and alexithymia. A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the relationship among negative life events, alexithymia, and depression symptoms in a psychosomatic outpatient sample in China. METHODS A total of 2747 outpatients (aged 18 - 65) were included in this investigation. The Life Events Scale (LES), Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-26), and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to assess NLEs, alexithymia, and depressive symptoms, respectively. A stepwise regression analysis model was established to investigate the relationship among alexithymia, NLEs, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Overall, 67.0% of the patient sample had a PHQ-9 score of 10 or higher. The stepwise regression analysis model showed a well-fitted model, in which NLEs and alexithymia explain a total of 34.2% of the variance of depressive symptoms in these participants. NLEs (β = 0.256, p < 0.001) and dimensions of alexithymia (difficult describing feelings (β = 0.192, p < 0.001) and identifying feelings (β = 0.308, p < 0.001)) were positively correlated with symptoms of depression. CONCLUSIONS Previous studies have confirmed the correlation between NLEs and depression, alexithymia and depression, respectively. In our study, we used a stepwise regression model to explain the relationship among those variables simultaneously, and found that NLEs and alexithymia could function as predictors of depressive symptoms. Based on this discovery, alexithymia-focused treatment strategies could be alternative in depressive patients with alexithymia, but this remains to be verified in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Xie
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Yanping Duan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Jinya Cao
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
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Wang YH, Hu XL, Li Y. The impact of grandparenting on mental health among rural middle-aged and older adults in China: exploring the role of children's support. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1365271. [PMID: 38600984 PMCID: PMC11004320 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1365271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives In the rural regions of China, characterized by a pronounced aging demographic and limited resources, a substantial proportion of middle-aged and older adults engage in grandparenting roles. Yet, the literature lacks consistent evidence regarding the effects of grandparenting on the mental health of this cohort. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the impact of grandparenting on the mental health of rural middle-aged and older adults, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Methods This analysis encompassed 10,881 middle-aged and older adults, utilizing data from the 2018 Harmonized China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The mental health of participants was assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression-10 (CESD-10) scale, while support from children was categorized into financial and emotional types. The study employed logistic and OLS regression models to identify the mediating role of child support and utilized the Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) method for decomposing this mediating effect. Results The findings demonstrated that grandparenting had a significant negative impact on depression among rural middle-aged and older adults. Furthermore, children's support played a vital role in mediating this relationship, accounting for approximately one-third of the overall influence. Moreover, the decomposition analysis revealed that both emotional and economic support from adult children equally contributed to the declination of depression among rural middle-aged and older adults. Conclusion Grandparenting significantly enhances mental well-being in rural middle-aged and older adults, with the support from adult children serving as a vital pathway for this positive impact. Both economic and emotional assistance from children hold equal importance in this dynamic. It underscores the necessity of fortifying the family support system to amplify the support provided by children, which in turn could significantly enhance the mental health of rural middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Hua Wang
- College of State Governance, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Hu
- College of State Governance, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Ninth People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chonqing, China
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Ma D, Cao J, Wei J, Jiang J. Immature defense mechanisms mediate the relationship between negative life events and depressive symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1341288. [PMID: 38274424 PMCID: PMC10808586 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1341288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to analyze the patterns of life events (LEs) and defense mechanisms in outpatients with depression and investigate the mediating role of defense mechanisms in the association between LEs and depressive symptoms in a psychosomatic outpatient sample in China. Materials and methods All of 2,747 outpatients (aged 18-65) from psychosomatic department were investigated in this study. LEs, depressive symptoms, and defense mechanisms were assessed by the Life Events Scale (LES), Patient-Health-Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ), respectively. Results Based on the optimal cut-off point of PHQ-9, 1840 (67.0%) patients had a PHQ-9 score of 10 or higher (depression group), and 907 (33.0%) had a score below 10 (non-depression group). The scores of Negative Life Events (NLEs), immature and intermediate defense mechanisms in the depression group were significantly higher than those in the non-depression group, while the scores of mature defense mechanisms were the opposite (p < 0.001). NLEs was directly related to depressive symptoms (b = 0.010, p < 0.001), and significant indirect effect via immature defense mechanisms (b = 0.008, p < 0.001) was observed. Conclusion Immature defense mechanisms play an important mediating role in the relationship between NLEs and depressive symptoms. Helping patients improving defense mechanisms and dealing with NLEs may be of great help in the treatment of relevant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinya Cao
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Liao W, Chen D, Wu J, Liu K, Feng J, Li H, Jiang J. Risk factors for post-stroke depression in patients with mild and moderate strokes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34157. [PMID: 37390261 PMCID: PMC10313280 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the possible risk factors for post-stroke depression in patients with mild and moderate acute strokes. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted involving 129 patients with mild and moderate acute strokes. The patients were divided into post-stroke depression and non-depressed stroke groups according to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale for Depression-17 item and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item assessments. All participants were evaluated based on clinical characteristics and a battery of scales. Patients with post-stroke depression had an increased stroke frequency, severe stroke symptoms and poor performance in activities of daily living (ADL), cognitive function, sleep quality, interest in pleasurable activities, negative life events, and utilization of social support compared to stroke patients without depression. The Negative Life Event Scale (LES) score was significantly and independently associated with an increased probability of depression in stroke patients. Negative life events were shown to be independently associated with the incidence of depression in patients with mild and moderate acute strokes, likely mediating the influence of other predictors of depression, such as a history of stroke, decreased ADL ability, and utilization of support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Liao
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Danlei Chen
- Geriatrics Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Neurology Department, Graduate College of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Kaixiang Liu
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Junlin Feng
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Li
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingzi Jiang
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
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Liu D, Cui Z, Zhang Q, Liu F, Chen H, Wang J, Feng T. The mediating role of specific coping styles in the relationship between perceived social support and depressive symptoms in adolescents. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:647-655. [PMID: 36669570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms are one of the most common mental health problems in adolescence, and the relationship between perceived social support and depressive symptoms has been well-studied. However, little research has been conducted on the mediating role of specific coping styles in the relationship. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of specific coping styles in perceived social support and depressive symptoms in adolescents. METHODS A questionnaire was administered to 3887 Chinese junior and senior high school adolescents (mean age = 15.72 years, SD = 1.43) using a multistage stratified and cluster sampling method. The PROCESS model 4 was used to conduct a multiple mediation analysis. RESULTS Problem solving, seeking help, venting, fantasy and endurance mediated the relationship between internal family support or external family support and depressive symptoms. The problem solving coping style mediated the largest amount of effect, accounting for 22.32 % and 19.05 %, respectively. LIMITATIONS This study used a cross-sectional survey and self-reported information, which may be the main research limitation. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that higher social support not only directly reduces the likelihood of adolescent depression, but also influences depressive symptoms through specific coping styles. This may help further develop targeted prevention and interventions for at-risk adolescents for specific coping styles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongling Liu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenxiang Cui
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Qiongwen Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fan Liu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ting Feng
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
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Gao B, Li K, Liu J, Liu X, Zhang J, Xu C, He Y, Feng Z, Zhao M. Life events and depression among children and adolescents in southwest China: a two-stage moderated mediation model of social support and cognitive styles. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:819. [PMID: 36544175 PMCID: PMC9773431 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04454-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to data from the National Health Commission in 2018, more than 30 million children and adolescents in China suffered from mental health problems of varying degrees, with depression accounting for the largest proportion. Life events occur at every stage of child and adolescent development. Many studies have found a relationship between life events and depression in children and adolescents, but few studies have further explored the mediating and moderating variables that influence this relationship. Based on theoretical and empirical research on social support and cognitive styles, this study established a two-stage moderated mediating model to test whether social support mediates life events to depression, and cognitive style moderates the two mediating pathways. METHODS We recruited 3540 participants from primary and secondary schools in Chongqing and collected 2814 valid data. All the participants completed self-report measures of life events, depression, social support and cognitive styles. The moderated mediation model was examined using SPSS PROCESS model 58. RESULTS (1) There were significant positive correlations between life events and depression. (2) Social support mediates the relationship between life events and depression in children and adolescents. (3) Cognitive style moderates life events to social support and social support to depression. LIMITATIONS This is a cross-sectional study and the questionnaire is self-reported. CONCLUSIONS In children and adolescents, life events can influence depression through the mediating role of social support and cognitive styles could moderate its two mediating pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicheng Gao
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Department of Military Psychology, Faculty of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China ,grid.49470.3e0000 0001 2331 6153Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, WuHan University, Wuhan, Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Kuiliang Li
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Faculty of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ju Liu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Dapartment of Foreign Languages, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Army Health Service Training Base, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Faculty of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Xu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Department of Military Psychology, Faculty of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhao He
- grid.49470.3e0000 0001 2331 6153Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, WuHan University, Wuhan, Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengzhi Feng
- Faculty of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mengxue Zhao
- Department of Military Psychology, Faculty of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang J, Wang S, Zhang X, Han X, Deng H, Cheng N, Sun Y, Song C, Hou Z, Yin J, Meng Q. Mediating role of social capital on the association between negative life events and quality of life among adults in China: A population-based study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:987579. [PMID: 36249221 PMCID: PMC9557146 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.987579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate whether social capital played a mediating role in the relationship between negative life events (NLE) and quality of life (QoL) among adults in China after proposed a conceptual model based on stress buffering theory. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted based on baseline survey from the Chinese Multi-ethnic Cohort (CMEC) in Yunnan province. A total of 22,866 adults were recruited by multistage stratified cluster sampling. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the general demographic characteristics and the occurrence of NLE. A self-developed brief social capital scale was utilized to assess the social capital and the EQ-5D-5L scale was used to measure the QoL. The relationships among NLE, social capital and QoL were analyzed using multiple linear regression analyses. Structural equation models were used to evaluate whether social capital had a mediating effect on the relationship between NLE and QoL. The standardize coefficient (β) and it's 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated in this process. Results The mean age of participants was 52.70 years old. The mean of EQ-5D index value was 0.92 (SD = 0.12) and the mean of EQ-VAS score was 71.77 (SD = 13.80). NLE not only directly affected EQ-5D index value [β = -0.127, 95% CI (-0.144, -0.110)] but also indirectly negatively affected EQ-5D index value through social capital [β = -0.019, 95% CI (-0.023, -0.015)]. Social capital had a direct positive effect on EQ-5D index value [β = 0.114, 95% CI (0.097, 0.133)]. A similar pattern was identified for the association between NLE and EQ-VAS score. The direct effect of NLE on EQ-VAS score was negatively significant [β = -0.132, 95% CI (-0.146, -0.118)]. Moreover, the indirect effect through social capital was also negatively significant [β = -0.022, 95% CI (-0.026, -0.019)]. There was a positive direct effect of social capital on EQ-VAS score [β = 0.135, 95% CI (0.117, 0.151)]. Conclusion Social capital played an important mediating role in the relationship between NLE and QoL, and it alleviated the negative effects of NLE on the QoL of the community residents in China. Providing reliable social capital for community residents experiencing NLE could effectively improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Zhang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Songmei Wang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Haoyuan Deng
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunrui Sun
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chongwei Song
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhongxin Hou
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianzhong Yin
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China,Baoshan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoshan, China,Jianzhong Yin
| | - Qiong Meng
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China,*Correspondence: Qiong Meng
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Tang Y, Ma Y, Zhang J, Wang H. The relationship between negative life events and quality of life in adolescents: Mediated by resilience and social support. Front Public Health 2022; 10:980104. [PMID: 36211680 PMCID: PMC9538389 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.980104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Quality of life has become an important indicator for assessing the health care of adolescents. This study aimed to explore the relationship between negative life events and quality of life in adolescents and the potential mediating roles of resilience and social support. Methods A stratified cluster sampling technique was used to select 3,860 adolescents as study participants. The Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents, the Social Support Rating Scale, and the Adolescent Quality of Life Scale were used by participants to rate their negative life events, resilience, social support, quality of life, respectively. The correlations between study variables were analyzed by the Pearson correlation analyses. The AMOS 26.0 software was used to explore the mediating roles of resilience and social support in negative life events and quality of life. Results There was a negative correlation between negative life events and quality of life (β=-0.745, P < 0.05); resilience and social support played an important mediating role in the relationship between negative life events and quality of life (βResilience = -0.287, P < 0.05; βSocial support = -0.124, P < 0.05). The emotional adjustment dimension of resilience (β = -0.285, P < 0.05) and the subjective support dimension of social support (β = -0.100, P < 0.05) played the largest mediating roles, respectively. Conclusion Negative life events were negatively correlated with adolescents' quality of life. Strengthening resilience and social support is expected to weaken and reduce the adverse effects of negative life events on adolescents and further maintain and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshuang Tang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingjie Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinglin Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Xia H, Han X, Cheng J, Liu D, Wu Y, Liu Y. Effects of negative life events on depression in middle school students: The chain-mediating roles of rumination and perceived social support. Front Psychol 2022; 13:781274. [PMID: 36033071 PMCID: PMC9413075 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.781274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNegative life events in middle school students have a significant impact on depression. However, the mechanism of this association is not fully understood. This study used rumination and perceived social support as mediating variables to explore the influence of negative life events on depression.Materials and methodsDue to the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing, a convenient sampling method was adopted to collect information about middle school students in Shandong Province by means of online questionnaire. Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, Ruminative Responses Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and Children’s Depression Inventory were used. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were conducted for four variables of middle school students, including life events, depression, rumination thinking and perceived social support, and the chain mediated effect was tested by using process plug-in. All statistically analysis was conducted by SPSS 23.0.Results493 middle school students (16.7000 ± 0.9500 years) including 343 female students (69.6000%) from Shandong Province recruited. Results showed that the total effect between life events and depression was significant (effect = 0.2535, 95%CI: 0.2146, 0.2924). The total indirect effect was significant (effect = 0.1700, 95%CI: 0.1349, 0.2072). The indirect effect was significant (effect = 0.0988, 95%CI: 0.0741, 0.1252) with rumination as the mediating variable. The indirect effect of pathway with perceived social support as the mediating variable was significant (effect = 0.0476, 95%CI: 0.0295, 0.0674). The indirect effect of pathway with rumination and perceived social support as mediating variables was also significant (effect = 0.0236, 95%CI: 0.0147, 0.0339).ConclusionThis study indicated that ruminant thinking and perceived social support had a significant chain mediating effect on adolescents’ life events and depression. Life events can not only directly affect depressive emotions, but also indirectly affect depressive emotions by affecting ruminant thinking and perceived social support. The results of this study not only provide new directions for the relationship between life events and depression, but also provide possible approaches for future prevention and intervention of depression in middle school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xia
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xuexue Han
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Debiao Liu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yili Wu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer’s Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Wenzhou, China
- Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, China
- Yili Wu, ;
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis & Treatment & Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Liu,
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Cao L. Association between Negative Life Events on Mental Health and College Student Adjustment: A Mediated Moderating Effect. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:4457222. [PMID: 34966523 PMCID: PMC8712160 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4457222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between negative life events and college student adjustment and to explore the mediating and moderating effects of social support and grade level in the relationship between the two. Methods. The research was conducted with 1717 college students using the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC), China College Student Adjustment Scale (CCSAS), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Results. (1) Negative life events were significantly negative in correlation with adjustment and social support (r = -0.373, -0.174, Ps < 0.001), while social support was significantly positive in correlation with adjustment (r = 0.359, P < 0.001). (2) The main effects of negative life events, social support, and grade on adjustment were significant (effect = -0.190, P < 0.001, 95% CI [-0.288∼-0.092]; effect = 0.307, P < 0.001, 95% CI [0.265∼0.348]; effect = 0.163, P < 0.001, 95% CI [0.126∼0.200]). (3) In the relationship between negative life events and adjustment, social support played a mediating role (effect = -0.054, 95% CI [-0.071∼-0.037]) and grade level played a moderating role (effect = -0.049, P=0.009, 95% CI [-0.085∼-0.012]). Conclusion. Negative life events, social support, and grade level affected college student adjustment, and social support networks for college students should be actively constructed and targeted education should be conducted according to different grade levels, which can promote college student adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Cao
- School of Physical Education, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, Jiangsu, China
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Ji L, Chen C, Hou B, Ren D, Yuan F, Liu L, Bi Y, Guo Z, Yang F, Wu X, Li X, Liu C, Zuo Z, Zhang R, Yi Z, Xu Y, He L, Shi Y, Yu T, He G. A study of negative life events driven depressive symptoms and academic engagement in Chinese college students. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17160. [PMID: 34433874 PMCID: PMC8387499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96768-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative life events (NLEs) are an important predictor of depressive symptoms (DS). College students experiencing NLEs are at risk of developing DS that could further weaken their academic engagement (AE), while social supports may assuage such negative effect. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between negative life events, depressive symptoms, and academic engagement, and how the NLE-DS-AE relationship is affected by the level of social support among Chinese college students. To test this hypothesis, we applied data from the Decoding Happiness Gene Cohort Study (DHGCS). Baseline depressive symptoms and academic engagement were measured at the beginning of the first academic year. Approximately 12 months later, negative life events and social support over the past year were assessed retrospectively along with current depressive symptoms and academic engagement. A total of 3629 college students (Age = 18.67 ± 0.82) were included in the study. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 26.7% and 36.7% in college students at the beginning of the first and second academic year, respectively. Depressive symptoms predicted subsequent academic engagement rather than the reverse based on cross-lagged analyses. Using structural equation modeling analyses, findings revealed a partial mediation effect of social support between negative life events and the development of depressive symptoms, and a partial mediation effect between negative life events and academic engagement. The findings presented negative life events jeopardize the academic engagement via depressive symptoms, while social supports are able to cancel such negative effect among college students under the Chinese cultural context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ji
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Changfeng Chen
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 16 Hehua Rd, Taibaihu New District, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Binyin Hou
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Decheng Ren
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Fan Yuan
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Liangjie Liu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhenming Guo
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Fengping Yang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xi Wu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xingwang Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 16 Hehua Rd, Taibaihu New District, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Zuo
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 16 Hehua Rd, Taibaihu New District, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Women and Children's Health, 339 Luding Rd, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhenghui Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Center for Women and Children's Health, 339 Luding Rd, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Guang He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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12
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The effect of negative life events on college students’ depression: the mediating role of internet addiction and the moderating role of 5-HTT1A gene rs6449693 polymorphism. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01888-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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