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Meyer PF, Maia RR, de Morais Carreiro E, da Silva RMV, Farias SLQ, Picariello F, Medeiros CÉL, Silva DMPE, Barros DSS, Roque VS, de Sousa LP. Analysis of modified ilib therapy in patients submitted to plastic surgery. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:110. [PMID: 38649644 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The sample comprised 44 volunteers who had undergone some surgical procedure and were equally divided into four groups. G1 started the therapy 24 h after the surgical procedure with the device off. G2 followed the same time pattern, 24 h, but with the device turned on. G3 and G4 started therapy three days after the surgical procedure; in G3, the device was turned off, and in G4, the device remained on during therapy; each session lasted 30 min, using 660 nm (red), energy 180 J. For all groups, the therapy started with daily use for seven days and followed the interval use of three times a week until completed 21 days. The revaluation was performed after 7 and 21 days. The results found show changes in HR at rest, systolic and diastolic BP, and in peripheral oxygen saturation, which showed a significant difference in the groups that used on-therapy (p < 0.05). In the MCGILL Scale evaluation, the mean total score showed a more accentuated drop in the groups that used ILIB, (p < 0.05). ILIB may have prevented a more significant evolution of firosis levels; however, no changes were observed in the evaluation of sleep and anxiety. The application of the ILIB in patients undergoing plastic surgery was supported in terms of hemodynamics and pain; in addition, starting the ILIB application 24 h after the procedure proved to be more advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Froes Meyer
- International Research Group (IRG), Natal, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Sah BK, Fatima Z, Sah RK, Syed B, Garg T, Chowdhury S, Ghosh B, Kunwar B, Shree A, Sah VK, Raut A. Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination: a study of 70 case reports. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2067-2080. [PMID: 38576928 PMCID: PMC10990410 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) has been found to have some interesting association with vaccinations. This paper mainly focuses on exploring different associations between COVID-19 vaccination and GBS. Methods Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and Embase were searched using MESH terms for case reports published till 1 August 2023 from which 70 case reports were documented involving 103 individuals from 23 different countries. Result and discussion The case reports were from a wide range of individuals aged from 13 to 87 years with an average age of 53±20 interquartile range years along with male predominance. The average time between receiving the vaccine and the onset of symptoms was 13.08±2.14 days. Prominent clinical features included back pain, facial diplegia, weakness, and paraesthesia whereas the main diagnostic studies were cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and electromagnetic studies. The principal diagnostic clue was albumin-cytological dissociation in CSF while being negative for anti-ganglioside antibodies or SARS-CoV-2. Available treatment options consisted of intravenous immunoglobulin and Plasmapheresis. Patients with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, permanent atrial fibrillation, hypothyroidism, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, asthma, osteoporosis, migraine, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ulcerative colitis, coeliac disease, seizures, bipolar disorder, endometriosis, multiple sclerosis, bell's palsy, squamous cell carcinoma, prostate cancer were included in our study. Conclusion Overall, this review evaluated innovative and clinically relevant associations between COVID-19 vaccination and GBS. Understanding of this uncommon potential side effect of COVID-19 vaccination is crucial for prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Importantly, GBS should not be considered a contraindication to vaccination. This underscores the importance of ongoing research to enhance the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Fatima
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Bushra Syed
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tulika Garg
- Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh
| | | | - Bikona Ghosh
- Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh
| | | | - Anagha Shree
- SGT Medical college and research institute, Gurgaon, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Sah
- Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa
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Coraci D, Romano M, Ragazzo L, Restivo DA, Cipriani M, Gottardello F, Pizzolato M, Maccarone MC, Masiero S. Rehabilitation of Peripheral Neuropathies: From Lexical Analysis of the Literature to Identification of Clinical Protocols. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5879. [PMID: 37762819 PMCID: PMC10531665 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nervous system diseases are a complex and heterogenous group of diseases affecting the different nerves with various severity and impact on quality of life. The current literature does not provide a structured guide for the rehabilitation of these conditions. We performed a lexical literature evaluation based on graph theory to clarify this topic. We performed a search on PubMed and calculated the frequencies of the words indicating rehabilitation approaches, nerves, and diseases. We found the usefulness of exercises and different physical agents, like laser and ultrasound therapy and neuromuscular stimulation vibration therapy. Orthoses are useful for entrapment, trauma, and hereditary diseases. Correct knowledge and assessment of the neuropathies are fundamental for the therapeutic decision and to guide rehabilitation. Despite the usefulness shown by the different approaches to modulating pain, improving muscle strength and endurance, and ameliorating balance and the sensory system, further studies are needed to define the best-personalized protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Coraci
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Nicolò Giustiniani, 2, 35128 Padua, Italy; (L.R.); (M.C.); (F.G.); (M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Marcello Romano
- Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia Cervello, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Lisa Ragazzo
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Nicolò Giustiniani, 2, 35128 Padua, Italy; (L.R.); (M.C.); (F.G.); (M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Domenico Antonio Restivo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti, 1, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Martina Cipriani
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Nicolò Giustiniani, 2, 35128 Padua, Italy; (L.R.); (M.C.); (F.G.); (M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Federica Gottardello
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Nicolò Giustiniani, 2, 35128 Padua, Italy; (L.R.); (M.C.); (F.G.); (M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Martina Pizzolato
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Nicolò Giustiniani, 2, 35128 Padua, Italy; (L.R.); (M.C.); (F.G.); (M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Maria Chiara Maccarone
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation School, University of Padova, Via Nicolò Giustiniani, 2, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Stefano Masiero
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Nicolò Giustiniani, 2, 35128 Padua, Italy; (L.R.); (M.C.); (F.G.); (M.P.); (S.M.)
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Lin YP, Ding RS, Yin CH, Chen YS, Chen JS, Chang ST. Effects of Intravascular Photobiomodulation on Insomnia, Muscle Soreness, and Biochemistry Profiles: An Eight-Year Retrospective Cohort. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1006. [PMID: 37374210 PMCID: PMC10305368 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cognitive-behavioral therapy is the first-line treatment for insomnia, pharmacotherapy is often prescribed to treat insomnia and related symptoms. In addition, muscle relaxants are commonly prescribed to alleviate muscle soreness when the pain is unbearable. However, pharmacotherapy can lead to numerous side effects. The non-drug strategy intravascular laser irradiation of blood (iPBM) has been advocated to improve pain, wound healing, blood circulation, and blood cell function to relieve insomnia and muscle soreness symptoms. Therefore, we assessed whether iPBM improves blood parameters and compared drug use before and after iPBM therapy. METHODS Consecutive patients who received iPBM therapy between January 2013 and August 2021 were reviewed. The associations between laboratory data, pharmacotherapies, and iPBM therapy were retrospectively analyzed. We compared patient characteristics, blood parameters, and drug use within the three months before the first treatment and the three months after the last treatment. We also compared the changes before and after treatment in patients who received ≥10 or 1-9 iPBM treatments. RESULT We assessed 183 eligible patients who received iPBM treatment. Of them, 18 patients reported insomnia disturbance, and 128 patients reported pain in any part of their body. After the treatment, HGB and HCT significantly increased after treatment in both the ≥10 and 1-9 iPBM treatment groups (HGB p < 0.001 and p = 0.046; HCT p < 0.001 and p = 0.029, respectively). Pharmacotherapy analysis revealed no significant differences in drug use before and after treatment, though drug use tended to decrease after iPBM. CONCLUSIONS iPBM therapy is an efficient, beneficial, and feasible treatment that increases HGB and HCT. While the results of this study do not support the suggestion that iPBM reduces drug use, further larger studies using symptom scales are needed to confirm the changes in insomnia and muscle soreness after iPBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Po Lin
- Department of Medical Education, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Sian Ding
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Yin
- Institute of Health Care Management, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Shen Chen
- Department of Administration, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Shuen Chen
- Department of Administration, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Tsu Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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Lin YP, Ku CH, Chang CC, Chang ST. Effects of intravascular photobiomodulation on cognitive impairment and crossed cerebellar diaschisis in patients with traumatic brain injury: a longitudinal study. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:108. [PMID: 37076743 PMCID: PMC10115718 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03764-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The association between intravascular photobiomodulation (iPBM) and crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) and cognitive dysfunction in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unknown. We postulate that iPBM might enable greater neurologic improvements. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical impact of iPBM on the prognosis of patients with TBI. In this longitudinal study, patients who were diagnosed with TBI were recruited. CCD was identified from brain perfusion images when the uptake difference of both cerebella was > 20%. Thus, two groups were identified: CCD( +) and CCD( -). All patients received general traditional physical therapy and three courses of iPBM (helium-neon laser illuminator, 632.8 nm). Treatment assemblies were conducted on weekdays for 2 consecutive weeks as a solitary treatment course. Three courses of iPBM were performed over 2-3 months, with 1-3 weeks of rest between each course. The outcomes were measured using the Rancho Los Amigos Levels of Cognitive Functioning (LCF) tool. The chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. Generalized estimating equations were used to verify the associations of various effects between the two groups. p < 0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference. Thirty patients were included and classified into the CCD( +) and CCD( -) groups (n = 15, each group). Statistics showed that before iPBM, CCD in the CCD( +) group was 2.74 (exp 1.0081) times higher than that of CCD( -) group (p = 0.1632). After iPBM, the CCD was 0.64 (exp-0.4436) times lower in the CCD( +) group than in the CCD( -) group (p < 0.0001). Cognitive assessment revealed that, before iPBM, the CCD( +) group had a non-significantly 0.1030 lower LCF score than that of CCD( -) group (p = 0.1632). Similarly, the CCD( +) group had a non-significantly 0.0013 higher score than that of CCD( -) after iPBM treatment (p = 0.7041), indicating no significant differences between the CCD( +) or CCD( -) following iPBM and general physical therapy. CCD was less likely to appear in iPBM-treated patients. Additionally, iPBM was not associated with LCF score. Administration of iPBM could be applied in TBI patients to reduce the occurrence of CCD. The study failed to show differences in cognitive function after iPBM, which still serves as an alternative non-pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Po Lin
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Ku
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chiang Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Neihu District, # 161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Taipei, 114201, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Tsu Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Neihu District, # 161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Taipei, 114201, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Zuoying Dist., # 386, Dazhong 1st Rd., 813414, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Nie F, Hao S, Ji Y, Zhang Y, Sun H, Will M, Han W, Ding Y. Biphasic dose response in the anti-inflammation experiment of PBM. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:66. [PMID: 36749428 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive laser irradiation can induce photobiomodulation (PBM) effects in cells and tissues, which can help reduce inflammation and pain in several clinical scenarios. The purpose of this study is to review the current literature to verify whether PBM can produce dose effects in anti-inflammatory experiments by summarizing the clinical and experimental effects of different laser parameters of several diseases. The so-called Arndt-Schulz curve is often used to describe two-phase dose reactions, assuming small doses of therapeutic stimulation, medium doses of inhibition, and large doses of killing. In the past decade, more and more attention has been paid to the clinical application of PBM, especially in the field of anti-inflammation, because it represents a non-invasive strategy with few contraindications. Although there are different types of lasers available, their use is adjusted by different parameters. In general, the parameters involved are wavelength, energy density, power output, and radiation time. However, due to the biphasic effect, the scientific and medical communities remain puzzled by the ways in which the application of PBM must be modified depending on its clinical application. This article will discuss these parameter adjustments and will then also briefly introduce two controversial theories of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of PBM. A better understanding of the extent of dualistic dose response in low-intensity laser therapy is necessary to optimize clinical treatment. It also allows us to explore the most dependable mechanism for PBM use and, ultimately, standardize treatment for patients with various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Nie
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaolong Hao
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Ji
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Melissa Will
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Wei Han
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - YuChuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Hromić-Jahjefendić A, Barh D, Uversky V, Aljabali AA, Tambuwala MM, Alzahrani KJ, Alzahrani FM, Alshammeri S, Lundstrom K. Can COVID-19 Vaccines Induce Premature Non-Communicable Diseases: Where Are We Heading to? Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020208. [PMID: 36851087 PMCID: PMC9960675 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the WHO, as of January 2023, more than 850 million cases and over 6.6 million deaths from COVID-19 have been reported worldwide. Currently, the death rate has been reduced due to the decreased pathogenicity of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, but the major factor in the reduced death rates is the administration of more than 12.8 billion vaccine doses globally. While the COVID-19 vaccines are saving lives, serious side effects have been reported after vaccinations for several premature non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, the reported adverse events are low in number. The scientific community must investigate the entire spectrum of COVID-19-vaccine-induced complications so that necessary safety measures can be taken, and current vaccines can be re-engineered to avoid or minimize their side effects. We describe in depth severe adverse events for premature metabolic, mental, and neurological disorders; cardiovascular, renal, and autoimmune diseases, and reproductive health issues detected after COVID-19 vaccinations and whether these are causal or incidental. In any case, it has become clear that the benefits of vaccinations outweigh the risks by a large margin. However, pre-existing conditions in vaccinated individuals need to be taken into account in the prevention and treatment of adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka Cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur 721172, India
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (K.L.)
| | - Vladimir Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alaa A. Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, Brayford Pool Campus, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Khalid J. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alshammeri
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kenneth Lundstrom
- PanTherapeutics, Route de Lavaux 49, CH1095 Lutry, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (K.L.)
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Li SWA, Lin YP, Hsieh SP, Chang ST. Binary effects of intravascular laser irradiation of blood on motor recovery and homocysteine reduction in a case with ischemic hemiparesis: portrayed with brain perfusion images. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:370. [PMID: 36162998 PMCID: PMC9513988 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02896-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke is a burdensome cerebral eventthat affects many aspects of daily activities such as motion, speech, memory, vision, and cognition. Intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB) is a novel therapy, going beyond conventional rehabilitation modalities, that is effective in stroke recovery. Homocysteine is an important risk factor associated with stroke. However, there are few studies that examine the relationship between ILIB treatment and the level of homocysteine. In recent years, researchers use the single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan of the brain to evaluate stroke patients and patients with a neurologicdeficit. The present report investigates the clinical effect of ILIB treatment on the level of serum homocysteine, the perfusion change of impaired brain region via SPECT, and the patient’s neurologic appearance. Casepresentation We focus on a case of a 62-year-old man with subacute stroke accompanied with left hemiparesis and hyperhomocysteinemia, who showed dramatic improvement in muscle power, a decreasing level of homocysteine, and increased blood flow of the right cerebral after three-courseILIB treatment. Conclusion We found that ILIB is effective in lowering serum levels of homocysteine and facilitating cerebral circulation for the patient with subacute stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wen A Li
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Po Lin
- School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Po Hsieh
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Tsu Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, No.386, Dazhong 1st Rd., Zuoying Dist., Kaohsiung, 813414, Taiwan. .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Neihu District, No. 161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Taipei, 114201, Taiwan.
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Carroll JD. Photobiomodulation Literature Watch February 2022. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:516-518. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.29023.lit] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Azd-1222/prednisolone. REACTIONS WEEKLY 2022. [PMCID: PMC8933218 DOI: 10.1007/s40278-022-11696-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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