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Omweri JM, Tekin V, Saini S, Houson HA, Jayawardana SB, Decato DA, Wijeratne GB, Lapi SE. Chelation chemistry of manganese-52 for PET imaging applications. Nucl Med Biol 2024; 128-129:108874. [PMID: 38154167 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2023.108874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to its decay and chemical properties, interest in manganese-52 has increased for development of long-lived PET radiopharmaceuticals. Its long half-life of 5.6 days, low average positron energy (242 keV), and sufficient positron decay branching ratio make it suitable for radiolabeling macromolecules for investigating slow biological processes. This work aims to establish suitable chelators for manganese-52 that can be radiolabeled at mild conditions through the evaluation of commercially available chelators. METHODS Manganese-52 was produced through the nuclear reaction NatCr(p,n)52Mn by irradiation of natural chromium targets on a TR24 cyclotron followed by purification through ion exchange chromatography. The radiolabeling efficiencies of chelators: DOTA, DiAmsar, TETA, DO3A, NOTA, 4'-Formylbenzo-15-crown-5, Oxo-DO3A, and DFO, were assessed by investigating the impact of pH, buffer type, and temperature. In vitro stability of [52Mn]Mn(DO3A)-, [52Mn]Mn(Oxo-DO3A)-, and [52Mn]Mn(DOTA)2- were evaluated in mouse serum. The radiocomplexes were also evaluated in vivo in mice. Crystals of [Mn(Oxo-DO3A)]- were synthesized by reacting Oxo-DO3A with MnCl2 and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. RESULTS Yields of 185 ± 19 MBq (5.0 ± 0.5 mCi) (n = 4) of manganese-52 were produced at the end of a 4 h, 15 μA, bombardment with 12.5 MeV protons. NOTA, DO3A, DOTA, and Oxo-DO3A chelators were readily radiolabeled with >96 % radiochemical purity at all conditions. Manganese radiocomplexes of Oxo-DO3A, DOTA, and DO3A remained stable in vitro up to 5 days and exhibited different biodistribution profiles compared to [52Mn]MnCl2. The solid-state structure of Mn-Oxo-DO3A complex was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. CONCLUSIONS DO3A and Oxo-DO3A are suitable chelators for manganese-52 which are readily radiolabeled at mild conditions with high molar activity, and demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Omweri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Volkan Tekin
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Shefali Saini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Hailey A Houson
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Samith B Jayawardana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Daniel A Decato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, MT 59812, USA
| | - Gayan B Wijeratne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Suzanne E Lapi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Greiser J, Groeber S, Weisheit T, Niksch T, Schwab M, Senft C, Kuehnel C, Drescher R, Freesmeyer M. Radionuclide Cisternography with [ 64Cu]Cu-DOTA. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1269. [PMID: 37765077 PMCID: PMC10537886 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Radionuclide cisternography (RNC) is a method for conducting imaging of the cerebrospinal system and can be used to identify cerebrospinal fluid leaks. So far, RNC has commonly employed radiopharmaceutical agents suitable only for single-photon emission tomography techniques, which are thus lacking in terms of image resolution and can potentially lead to false-negative results. Therefore, [64Cu]Cu-DOTA was investigated as an alternative radiopharmaceutical for RNC, employing positron emission tomography (PET) instead of single-photon emission tomography. A formulation of [64Cu]Cu-DOTA was produced according to the guidelines for good manufacturing practice. The product met the requirements of agents suitable for intrathecal application. [64Cu]Cu-DOTA was administered to a patient and compared to the approved scintigraphic RNC agent, [111In]In-DTPA. While no cerebrospinal fluid leak was detected with [111In]In-DTPA, [64Cu]Cu-DOTA RNC exhibited a posterolateral leak between the vertebral bodies C1 and C2. Thus, in this patient, PET RNC with [64Cu]Cu-DOTA was superior to RNC with [111In]In-DTPA. Since radiopharmaceuticals have a very good safety profile regarding the occurrence of adverse events, PET RNC with [64Cu]Cu-DOTA may become an attractive alternative to scintigraphic methods, and also to computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, which often require contrast agents, causing adverse events to occur much more frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Greiser
- Working Group for Translational Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmacy, Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Sebastian Groeber
- Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany (C.K.)
| | - Thomas Weisheit
- Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany (C.K.)
| | - Tobias Niksch
- Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany (C.K.)
| | | | - Christian Senft
- Neurosurgery, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Christian Kuehnel
- Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany (C.K.)
| | - Robert Drescher
- Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany (C.K.)
| | - Martin Freesmeyer
- Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany (C.K.)
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Gupta S, Ge Y, Singh A, Gräni C, Kwong RY. Multimodality Imaging Assessment of Myocardial Fibrosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 14:2457-2469. [PMID: 34023250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2021.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis, seen in ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathies, is associated with adverse cardiac outcomes. Noninvasive imaging plays a key role in early identification and quantification of myocardial fibrosis with the use of an expanding array of techniques including cardiac magnetic resonance, computed tomography, and nuclear imaging. This review discusses currently available noninvasive imaging techniques, provides insights into their strengths and limitations, and examines novel developments that will affect the future of noninvasive imaging of myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Gupta
- Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yin Ge
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amitoj Singh
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christoph Gräni
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raymond Y Kwong
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Beyond the Artificial Intelligence Hype: What Lies Behind the Algorithms and What We Can Achieve. J Thorac Imaging 2021; 35 Suppl 1:S3-S10. [PMID: 32073539 DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The field of artificial intelligence (AI) is currently experiencing a period of extensive growth in a wide variety of fields, medicine not being the exception. The base of AI is mathematics and computer science, and the current fame of AI in industry and research stands on 3 pillars: big data, high performance computing infrastructure, and algorithms. In the current digital era, increased storage capabilities and data collection systems, lead to a massive influx of data for AI algorithm. The size and quality of data are 2 major factors influencing performance of AI applications. However, it is highly dependent on the type of task at hand and algorithm chosen to perform this task. AI may potentially automate several tedious tasks in radiology, particularly in cardiothoracic imaging, by pre-readings for the detection of abnormalities, accurate quantifications, for example, oncologic volume lesion tracking and cardiac volume and image optimization. Although AI-based applications offer great opportunity to improve radiology workflow, several challenges need to be addressed starting from image standardization, sophisticated algorithm development, and large-scale evaluation. Integration of AI into the clinical workflow also needs to address legal barriers related to security and protection of patient-sensitive data and liability before AI will reach its full potential in cardiothoracic imaging.
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Alnazer I, Bourdon P, Urruty T, Falou O, Khalil M, Shahin A, Fernandez-Maloigne C. Recent advances in medical image processing for the evaluation of chronic kidney disease. Med Image Anal 2021; 69:101960. [PMID: 33517241 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2021.101960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of renal function and structure accurately remains essential in the diagnosis and prognosis of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Advanced imaging, including Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Ultrasound Elastography (UE), Computed Tomography (CT) and scintigraphy (PET, SPECT) offers the opportunity to non-invasively retrieve structural, functional and molecular information that could detect changes in renal tissue properties and functionality. Currently, the ability of artificial intelligence to turn conventional medical imaging into a full-automated diagnostic tool is widely investigated. In addition to the qualitative analysis performed on renal medical imaging, texture analysis was integrated with machine learning techniques as a quantification of renal tissue heterogeneity, providing a promising complementary tool in renal function decline prediction. Interestingly, deep learning holds the ability to be a novel approach of renal function diagnosis. This paper proposes a survey that covers both qualitative and quantitative analysis applied to novel medical imaging techniques to monitor the decline of renal function. First, we summarize the use of different medical imaging modalities to monitor CKD and then, we show the ability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to guide renal function evaluation from segmentation to disease prediction, discussing how texture analysis and machine learning techniques have emerged in recent clinical researches in order to improve renal dysfunction monitoring and prediction. The paper gives a summary about the role of AI in renal segmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa Alnazer
- XLIM-ICONES, UMR CNRS 7252, Université de Poitiers, France; Laboratoire commune CNRS/SIEMENS I3M, Poitiers, France; AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Pascal Bourdon
- XLIM-ICONES, UMR CNRS 7252, Université de Poitiers, France; Laboratoire commune CNRS/SIEMENS I3M, Poitiers, France
| | - Thierry Urruty
- XLIM-ICONES, UMR CNRS 7252, Université de Poitiers, France; Laboratoire commune CNRS/SIEMENS I3M, Poitiers, France
| | - Omar Falou
- AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; American University of Culture and Education, Koura, Lebanon; Lebanese University, Faculty of Science, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Shahin
- AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christine Fernandez-Maloigne
- XLIM-ICONES, UMR CNRS 7252, Université de Poitiers, France; Laboratoire commune CNRS/SIEMENS I3M, Poitiers, France
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Velasco C, Mota-Cobián A, Mota RA, Pellico J, Herranz F, Galán-Arriola C, Ibáñez B, Ruiz-Cabello J, Mateo J, España S. Quantitative assessment of myocardial blood flow and extracellular volume fraction using 68Ga-DOTA-PET: A feasibility and validation study in large animals. J Nucl Cardiol 2020; 27:1249-1260. [PMID: 30927149 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-019-01694-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Here we evaluated the feasibility of PET with Gallium-68 (68Ga)-labeled DOTA for non-invasive assessment of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) in a pig model of myocardial infarction. We also aimed to validate MBF measurements using microspheres as a gold standard in healthy pigs. METHODS 8 healthy pigs underwent three sequential 68Ga-DOTA-PET/CT scans at rest and during pharmacological stress with simultaneous injection of fluorescent microspheres to validate MBF measurements. Myocardial infarction was induced in 5 additional pigs, which underwent 68Ga-DOTA-PET/CT examinations 7-days after reperfusion. Dynamic PET images were reconstructed and fitted to obtain MBF and ECV parametric maps. RESULTS MBF assessed with 68Ga-DOTA-PET showed good correlation (y = 0.96x + 0.11, r = 0.91) with that measured with microspheres. MBF values obtained with 68Ga-DOTA-PET in the infarcted area (LAD, left anterior descendant) were significantly reduced in comparison to remote ones LCX (left circumflex artery, P < 0.0001) and RCA (right coronary artery, P < 0.0001). ECV increased in the infarcted area (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION 68Ga-DOTA-PET allowed non-invasive assessment of MBF and ECV in pigs with myocardial infarction and under rest-stress conditions. This technique could provide wide access to quantitative measurement of both MBF and ECV with PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Velasco
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Mota-Cobián
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén A Mota
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Charles River Laboratories España, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Juan Pellico
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Herranz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Galán-Arriola
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibáñez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruiz-Cabello
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian-Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Mateo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Samuel España
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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Velasco C, Mota-Cobián A, Mateo J, España S. Explicit measurement of multi-tracer arterial input function for PET imaging using blood sampling spectroscopy. EJNMMI Phys 2020; 7:7. [PMID: 32030519 PMCID: PMC7005194 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-020-0277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conventional PET imaging has usually been limited to a single tracer per scan. We propose a new technique for multi-tracer PET imaging that uses dynamic imaging and multi-tracer compartment modeling including an explicitly derived arterial input function (AIF) for each tracer using blood sampling spectroscopy. For that purpose, at least one of the co-injected tracers must be based on a non-pure positron emitter. Methods The proposed technique was validated in vivo by performing cardiac PET/CT studies on three healthy pigs injected with 18FDG (viability) and 68Ga-DOTA (myocardial blood flow and extracellular volume fraction) during the same acquisition. Blood samples were collected during the PET scan, and separated AIF for each tracer was obtained by spectroscopic analysis. A multi-tracer compartment model was applied to the myocardium in order to obtain the distribution of each tracer at the end of the PET scan. Relative activities of both tracers and tracer uptake were obtained and compared with the values obtained by ex vivo analysis of excised myocardial tissue segments. Results A high correlation was obtained between multi-tracer PET results, and those obtained from ex vivo analysis (18FDG relative activity: r = 0.95, p < 0.0001; SUV: r = 0.98, p < 0.0001). Conclusions The proposed technique allows performing PET scans with two tracers during the same acquisition obtaining separate information for each tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Velasco
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, IdISSC, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Mota-Cobián
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, IdISSC, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Mateo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Samuel España
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. .,Departamento de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, IdISSC, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Noninvasive assessment of renal fibrosis by magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound techniques. Transl Res 2019; 209:105-120. [PMID: 31082371 PMCID: PMC6553637 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a useful biomarker for diagnosis and guidance of therapeutic interventions of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a worldwide disease that affects more than 10% of the population and is one of the major causes of death. Currently, tissue biopsy is the gold standard for assessment of renal fibrosis. However, it is invasive, and prone to sampling error and observer variability, and may also result in complications. Recent advances in diagnostic imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography, have shown promise for noninvasive assessment of renal fibrosis. These imaging techniques measure renal fibrosis by evaluating its impacts on the functional, mechanical, and molecular properties of the kidney, such as water mobility by diffusion MRI, tissue hypoxia by blood oxygenation level dependent MRI, renal stiffness by MR and ultrasound elastography, and macromolecule content by magnetization transfer imaging. Other MR techniques, such as T1/T2 mapping and susceptibility-weighted imaging have also been explored for measuring renal fibrosis. Promising findings have been reported in both preclinical and clinical studies using these techniques. Nevertheless, limited specificity, sensitivity, and practicality in these techniques may hinder their immediate application in clinical routine. In this review, we will introduce methodologies of these techniques, outline their applications in fibrosis imaging, and discuss their limitations and pitfalls.
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Boutagy NE, Feher A, Alkhalil I, Umoh N, Sinusas AJ. Molecular Imaging of the Heart. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:477-533. [PMID: 30873600 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multimodality cardiovascular imaging is routinely used to assess cardiac function, structure, and physiological parameters to facilitate the diagnosis, characterization, and phenotyping of numerous cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as well as allows for risk stratification and guidance in medical therapy decision-making. Although useful, these imaging strategies are unable to assess the underlying cellular and molecular processes that modulate pathophysiological changes. Over the last decade, there have been great advancements in imaging instrumentation and technology that have been paralleled by breakthroughs in probe development and image analysis. These advancements have been merged with discoveries in cellular/molecular cardiovascular biology to burgeon the field of cardiovascular molecular imaging. Cardiovascular molecular imaging aims to noninvasively detect and characterize underlying disease processes to facilitate early diagnosis, improve prognostication, and guide targeted therapy across the continuum of CVD. The most-widely used approaches for preclinical and clinical molecular imaging include radiotracers that allow for high-sensitivity in vivo detection and quantification of molecular processes with single photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography. This review will describe multimodality molecular imaging instrumentation along with established and novel molecular imaging targets and probes. We will highlight how molecular imaging has provided valuable insights in determining the underlying fundamental biology of a wide variety of CVDs, including: myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, and nonischemic and ischemic heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. In addition, the potential of molecular imaging to assist in the characterization and risk stratification of systemic diseases, such as amyloidosis and sarcoidosis will be discussed. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:477-533, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil E Boutagy
- Department of Medicine, Yale Translational Research Imaging Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Attila Feher
- Department of Medicine, Yale Translational Research Imaging Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Imran Alkhalil
- Department of Medicine, Yale Translational Research Imaging Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nsini Umoh
- Department of Medicine, Yale Translational Research Imaging Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Albert J Sinusas
- Department of Medicine, Yale Translational Research Imaging Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Kim H, Lee SJ, Kim JS, Davies-Venn C, Cho HJ, Won SJ, Dejene E, Yao Z, Kim I, Paik CH, Bluemke DA. Pharmacokinetics and microbiodistribution of 64Cu-labeled collagen-binding peptides in chronic myocardial infarction. Nucl Med Commun 2016; 37:1306-1317. [PMID: 27623511 PMCID: PMC5077647 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000000590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and microbiodistribution of Cu-labeled collagen-binding peptides. METHODS The affinity constant (KD), association (ka), and dissociation rate constant (kd) for the peptide collagelin or its analog (named CRPA) binding to collagen were measured by biolayer interferometric analysis. Rats (n=4-5) with myocardial infarction or normal were injected intravenously with the Cu-labeled peptides or Cu-DOTA as a control. Dynamic PET imaging was performed for 60 min at 7-8 weeks after infarct. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging was performed to identify the viable myocardium. To validate the PET images, slices of heart samples from the base to the apex were analyzed using autoradiography and histology. RESULT The peptides bound to collagen with a KD of ∼0.9 µmol/l. The Cu-peptides and Cu-DOTA accumulated in the infarct area (confirmed by autoradiography and histology images) within 1 min of injection and were excreted rapidly through the renal system. The blood clearance curves were biphasic with elimination half-lives of 21.9±2.4, 26.2±4.6, and 21.2±2.1 min for Cu-CRPA, Cu-collagelin, and the control Cu-DOTA, respectively. The clearance half-lives from the focal fibrotic tissue (24.1±1.5, 25.6±8.0, and 21.4±1.3 min, respectively) and remote myocardium (20.8±0.7, 21.0±5.5, and 19.1±2.4 min, respectively) were not significantly different. The uptake ratios of infarct-to-remote myocardium (1.93±0.18, 2.15±0.38, and 1.88±0.08, respectively) for Cu-CRPA, Cu-collagelin, and Cu-DOTA remained stable for the time period between 10 and 60 min. CONCLUSION The distribution of the Cu-collagelin probes corresponds to the heterogeneous distribution of expanded extracellular space in the setting of myocardial infarction. The overall washout rate from the fibrous tissue was determined by the slow washout rate (t1/2≥20 min) of the peptides from the extracellular space to the vasculature, not by the dissociation rate (t1/2<2 min) of the Cu-peptides from collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejung Kim
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jin Su Kim
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea
| | - Cynthia Davies-Venn
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hong-Jun Cho
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Samuel Jaeyoon Won
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Eden Dejene
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zhengsheng Yao
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Insook Kim
- Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Chang H. Paik
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - David A. Bluemke
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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