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Lobbes H. [Pure red cell aplasia: Diagnosis, classification and treatment]. Rev Med Interne 2023; 44:19-26. [PMID: 36336519 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2022.10.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare anemia characterised by profound reticulocytopenia caused by a marked reduction in bone marrow erythroblasts, without abnormalities in other blood lineages. Blackfan-Diamond anemia is an inherited ribosomopathy responsible for a hereditary form of PRCA. Acquired PRCA are separated in primary and secondary forms, including Parvovirus B19 infection, thymoma, lymphoproliferative disorders, autoimmune diseases (lupus) and drug-induced PRCA. The pathophysiology of PRCA is not fully understood and involves both humoral and T lymphocyte autoreactive cells. In Parvovirus B19-related PRCA, treatment is based on polyvalent immunoglobulins. Thymectomy for thymoma is mandatory but results in prolonged remission in a limited number of cases. The therapeutic strategy is based on expert opinion: corticosteroids in monotherapy provide few sustained responses. The choice of an additional immunosuppressant drug is guided by the presence of an underlying disease. In most cases, cyclosporine A is the first choice providing the best response rate but requires a concentration monitoring (150 to 250 ng/mL). The second choice is cyclophosphamide in large granular lymphocyte leukaemia. Sirolimus (mTOR inhibitor) seems to be a promising option especially in refractory cases. Transfusion independence is the main objective. If the patient receives numerous red blood cell transfusions (> 20 packs), iron overload assessment is crucial to initiate an iron chelation. A retrospective and prospective national cohort (EPIC-F) has been set up and is now available to include each case of PRCA to improve the knowledge of this disease and to optimize the therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Lobbes
- Service de médecine interne, Hôpital Estaing, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS, Institut Pascal, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Fang X, Ardehali H, Min J, Wang F. The molecular and metabolic landscape of iron and ferroptosis in cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:7-23. [PMID: 35788564 PMCID: PMC9252571 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 255.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of iron homeostasis is essential for proper cardiac function. A growing body of evidence suggests that iron imbalance is the common denominator in many subtypes of cardiovascular disease. In the past 10 years, ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, has become increasingly recognized as an important process that mediates the pathogenesis and progression of numerous cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, drug-induced heart failure, myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury, sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of iron metabolism and ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes might lead to improvements in disease management. In this Review, we summarize the relationship between the metabolic and molecular pathways of iron signalling and ferroptosis in the context of cardiovascular disease. We also discuss the potential targets of ferroptosis in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and describe the current limitations and future directions of these novel treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexian Fang
- grid.410595.c0000 0001 2230 9154Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Junxia Min
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fudi Wang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
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Marini V, Pinto VM, Stella M, Fucile C, Lantieri F, Luci G, Gianesin B, Bacigalupo L, Forni GL, Mattioli F. Effect of Aging on Deferasirox Therapy in Transfusion-dependent Patients. A prospective-retrospective, cohort-study. Curr Drug Metab 2022; 23:CDM-EPUB-128183. [PMID: 36503397 DOI: 10.2174/1389200224666221209144420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron-chelation therapy is life-saving in patients on a chronic transfusion regimen as it reduces organ damage related to iron deposition in the tissues. Deferasirox, an iron-chelator, is characterized by pharmacokinetics variability, and some patients may discontinue the treatment due to toxicities. OBJECTIVE Understanding whether deferasirox plasma levels are related to patients' specific characteristics could help optimize DFX dosage. METHODS We analyzed deferasirox plasma concentration in 57 transfusion-dependent anemic patients using the HPLC method in this prospective-retrospective cohort study. All outpatients (3 to 98 years) were treated with deferasirox (film-coated tablet) for at least one year (median dose, 16.5 mg/Kg once a day). Deferasirox plasma concentration was normalized for dose/Kg (C/dose) and corrected with a linear regression model that relates C/dose and the time of blood sampling (Cref/dose). RESULTS No significant differences in Cref/dose were found between males and females, either between different types of hemoglobinopathies or depending on the presence of the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism. Cref/dose has a positive and significant correlation with age, creatinine, and direct bilirubin. Cref/dose, instead, has a negative and significant correlation with Liver Iron Concentration (LIC), ferritin, and eGFR. Cref/dose was significantly different between three age categories <18yrs, 18-50yrs, and >50yrs, with Cref/dose median values of 1.0, 1.2, and 1.5, respectively. CONCLUSION The study evidenced that to ensure the efficacy of deferasirox in terms of control over LIC and, at the same time, a lesser influence on renal function, the dose of the drug to be administered to an elderly patient could be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Marini
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, EO Ospedali Galliera, Mura delle Cappuccine, n. 14. I-16128 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, n. 2. I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria Pinto
- Centro della Microcitemia, Anemie Congenite e Dismetabolismo del Ferro, EO Ospedali Galliera, Mura delle Cappuccine, n. 14. I-16128 Genoa, Italy
| | - Manuela Stella
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, EO Ospedali Galliera, Mura delle Cappuccine, n. 14. I-16128 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, n. 2. I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Carmen Fucile
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi, n.10. I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Lantieri
- Health Science Department, Biostatistics Unit, University of Genoa, Via Pastore, n. 1. I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giacomo Luci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi, n.10. I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Gianesin
- Centro della Microcitemia, Anemie Congenite e Dismetabolismo del Ferro, EO Ospedali Galliera, Mura delle Cappuccine, n. 14. I-16128 Genoa, Italy
- ForAnemia Foundation, Via Garibaldi, n. 7. I-16124 Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bacigalupo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, EO Ospedali Galliera, Mura delle Cappuccine, n. 14. I-16128 Genoa, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Forni
- Centro della Microcitemia, Anemie Congenite e Dismetabolismo del Ferro, EO Ospedali Galliera, Mura delle Cappuccine, n. 14. I-16128 Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Mattioli
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, EO Ospedali Galliera, Mura delle Cappuccine, n. 14. I-16128 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, n. 2. I-16132 Genoa, Italy
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Colak TS, Bicer EK, Kücük L, Doganavsargil B, Sezak M, Aydogdu S. Which part of the blood in the knee joint is responsible for its detrimental effects? (An experimental study on the knee joint in rabbits). Haemophilia 2022; 28:865-871. [PMID: 35732067 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to determine the potential causative elements which are responsible for the cartilage damage in case of frequent intra-articular bleeding and to evaluate the effects of intra-articular free iron and chelation of iron in the knee joint. METHODS Thirty-five New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups according to substances injected into their knee joints. Plasma (group I) and cellular components (group II) of the blood harvested from the rabbits, iron (ferric hydroxide sucrose) (group III), iron&chelator (group IV) and only chelator (deferoxamine mesylate) (group V) were injected into their right knees three times a week for 12 weeks. The joint surface was examined histologically according to the classification system modified from Colombo et al. The changes in the synovial tissue were evaluated according to the scoring system modified from Madhok et al. RESULTS Cartilage and synovial abnormality scores were significantly higher in all study groups when compared to their own controls (p < 0.0001). Cartilage scores of groups I and V were significantly lower when compared to groups III and IV (p = 0.002 for group I and p = 0.003 for group V). Synovial abnormality score of group I was significantly lower than scores of groups III and IV (p = 0.001); and of group V lower than groups III and IV (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS All substances tested in this study caused a certain amount of damage in the cartilage tissue and led to synovial abnormalities. Both iron and iron&chelator caused more damage in the cartilage and led to more advanced synovial changes when compared to the plasma component of blood and chelator itself. Influence of iron and iron&chelators were found to be similar showing that chelation was inadequate in antagonizing the detrimental effects of iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahsin Sami Colak
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Elcil Kaya Bicer
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Levent Kücük
- Medicana International Izmir Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Murat Sezak
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Semih Aydogdu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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Lobbes H, Mahévas M, Alviset S, Galicier L, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Amoura Z, Alric L, Hot A, Durupt S, Michel M, Godeau B. Pure red cell aplasia in systemic lupus erythematosus, a nationwide retrospective cohort and review of the literature. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:355-366. [PMID: 33871586 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize the clinical and biological course, management and response to treatment in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)-associated Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA). METHODS Nationwide multicentre retrospective cohort study. From 2006 to 2018, we included adults with a diagnosis of PRCA supported by bone-marrow examination and SLE or biologic manifestations of SLE after ruling out parvovirus B19 infection. RESULTS We enrolled 24 patients (20 women). SLE was diagnosed before PRCA for 14 patients (median delay 81 months). At PRCA diagnosis, mean age, haemoglobin level and reticulocyte and differential erythroblast count were 39.2 ± 13.2 years, 62 ± 20 g/L, 9.1 ± 7.6 x 109/L and 2.8 ± 2.5%, respectively. Eleven (45%) patients experienced multiple PRCA flares (median 6, range: 2-11). Corticosteroid therapy resulted in only three complete sustained responses, and 19 (79%) patients required immunosuppressive agents with highly variable regimens. After a median follow-up of 76 months (range 13-173), 17 (71%) patients showed complete response for PRCA, five (21%) partial response and two (8%) treatment failure. In total, 21 (87%) patients required red-blood-cell transfusion; five had a diagnosis of transfusion-related iron overload. Eighteen (75%) patients experienced severe infectious events requiring hospitalization. CONCLUSION SLE-associated PRCA is a severe condition. Repeated red-blood-cell transfusions and several lines of immunosuppressant therapy are mostly required with high risk of severe infectious events and iron overload. Despite sustained response for PRCA and SLE obtained in most patients, the best therapeutic strategy remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Lobbes
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Estaing, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Service de médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Matthieu Mahévas
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre National de Référence des Cytopénies Auto-Immunes de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.,Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMS 8253, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75993 Paris Cedex 14, France.,IMRB - U955 - INSERM Equipe n°2 "Transfusion et maladies du globule rouge" EFS Île-de-France, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, Créteil, France
| | - Sophie Alviset
- Equipe mobile d'infectiologie, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Galicier
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Saint Louis University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau
- Department of internal medicine, Cochin University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Zahir Amoura
- Service de médecine interne 2, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Alric
- Service de médecine interne, Hôpital Rangueil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Hot
- Internal Medicine Department, Edouard Herriot University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Durupt
- Service de médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Marc Michel
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre National de Référence des Cytopénies Auto-Immunes de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.,IMRB - U955 - INSERM Equipe n°2 "Transfusion et maladies du globule rouge" EFS Île-de-France, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, Créteil, France
| | - Bertrand Godeau
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre National de Référence des Cytopénies Auto-Immunes de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.,IMRB - U955 - INSERM Equipe n°2 "Transfusion et maladies du globule rouge" EFS Île-de-France, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, Créteil, France
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Tartaglione I, Origa R, Kattamis A, Pfeilstöcker M, Gunes S, Crowe S, Fagan N, Vincenzi B, Ruffo GB. Two-year long safety and efficacy of deferasirox film-coated tablets in patients with thalassemia or lower/intermediate risk MDS: phase 3 results from a subset of patients previously treated with deferasirox in the ECLIPSE study. Exp Hematol Oncol 2020; 9:20. [PMID: 32793403 PMCID: PMC7419189 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-020-00174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the proven benefits of iron chelation therapy (ICT) in the management of chronic iron overload and related complications, compliance to long-term ICT is challenging. Results from the ECLIPSE study, an open-label, randomized, multicenter, 2-arm, phase 2 study evaluated the safety of deferasirox dispersible tablet and film-coated tablet (FCT) formulations in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) or very low, low, or intermediate risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) treated over 24 weeks. Methods The aim of the current study (a 2-year, open-label, multicenter, single-arm, phase 3 study) is to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of deferasirox FCT in a subset of patients with TDT or lower/intermediate-risk MDS treated for 2 years after the completion of 24 weeks of treatment with deferasirox in the ECLIPSE phase 2 study. Results Of 53 patients enrolled, 34 (64.2%) completed treatment and study. Adverse events (AEs) reported in most patients (~ 70%) were of mild to moderate severity. Headache and diarrhea were the most frequently (> 25%) reported AEs. None of the serious AEs (including 1 death) were considered treatment related. No new safety signal was identified, and long-term safety of deferasirox FCT was consistent with the known safety profile of deferasirox. No major concerns associated with gastrointestinal tolerability, renal safety, or hematological abnormalities (thrombocytopenia/neutropenia) were reported during the 2 years. Patients receiving deferasirox FCT had a treatment compliance (by pill count) of ~ 90% and persistence (continuous use for ≥ 30 days) of > 95%. Reduction in serum ferritin level was almost consistent starting from week 2 across all post-baseline time points (relative reduction: month 6, 19%; month 12, 29%). Conclusions The results from this 2-year interventional study suggest that the recommended dosing of deferasirox FCT, with better tolerability, palatability, and compliance, offers a favorable option of ICT for long-term management of iron overload and associated complications in TDT. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02720536. Registered 28 March 2016, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02720536
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Tartaglione
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Origa
- Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico "A.Cao," A.O. "G.Brotzu", Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonis Kattamis
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giovan Battista Ruffo
- U.O.C. Ematologia e Talassemia, A.O. Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli, Piazza Nicola Leotta 4, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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