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Lechien JR, Vaira LA, Chiesa-Estomba CM. Laryngeal verrucous cell carcinoma. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 32:118-124. [PMID: 37820109 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the recent literature on epidemiology, clinical findings, treatment, and survival of laryngeal verrucous cell carcinoma (LVC). RECENT FINDINGS Epidemiological studies report that LVC accounts for 1-3% of all laryngeal cancers. The incidence is decreasing, while most patients are male individuals and smokers. LVC are commonly detected in early stages because they are more frequently located in the glottic region. Tobacco, alcohol overuse, and, possibly, human papilloma virus are the main contributing factors. Recent studies confirm that surgery is the primary therapeutic approach with better prognosis when compared with other treatment modalities. Surgery alone is associated with 86.8% disease-free and 80.3% overall survival rates, while metastases are anecdotal. SUMMARY LVC presents different clinical, pathological, and survival outcomes when compared with the classic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Biopsies need often to be repeated before getting the most appropriate diagnosis; this supports the need of large-sample biopsy during the tumor diagnosis and staging. The glottic location of most LVC leads to detection of this lesion in its early stages, with ensuing better survival and outcomes after surgery compared with the classic form of squamous cell carcinoma. Future studies are needed to understand the biology of LVC and its related better prognostic outcomes when compared to other laryngeal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome R Lechien
- Laryngology Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Mons School of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Saint-Pierre, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - Luigi A Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carlos M Chiesa-Estomba
- Laryngology Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, San Sebastian University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
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2
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Ozbek L, Patel A, Hughes J. Laryngectomy in Young Patients: A Case Series and Review of the Literature. Cureus 2023; 15:e50099. [PMID: 38186411 PMCID: PMC10770817 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective The peak incidence of laryngeal cancer is seen in individuals aged over 65 years, with very few patients under 50 years developing advanced laryngeal cancer necessitating laryngectomy. Apart from often delayed diagnosis, this younger cohort faces a unique set of challenges related to fertility preservation, lower recruitment to clinical trials, and significant psychological impact. In light of this, this case series aimed to examine the various characteristics of patients below the age of 50 years undergoing total laryngectomy. Methods We reviewed departmental records at the University College Hospital London, spanning a period of 10 years, to identify patients who underwent total laryngectomy under the age of 50 years. Results The group comprised a total of nine patients over the age of 10 years: five males and four females. Six (66.7%) patients were smokers, and two (22.2%) had human papillomavirus (HPV)-16-positive disease. These patients underwent a variety of operative techniques. The length of postoperative inpatient stay varied greatly, ranging from five to 44 days (mean: 23 days). Conclusion There appears to be a lower prevalence of classical risk factors in our younger cohort undergoing total laryngectomy, as well as a reduced incidence of HPV-16 and a higher proportion of females. We also bring to light the significant psychological impact that these younger patients face and highlight the key learning point that clinicians must be vigilant in investigating younger patients with suspicious symptoms, even in the absence of obvious risk factors. Although further research is needed, this series is unique in that currently there are no other papers outlining laryngectomies in a patient group aged below 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Ozbek
- Head and Neck Surgery, University College Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Ankit Patel
- Otolaryngology, University College Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Jonathan Hughes
- Head and Neck Surgery, University College Hospital, London, GBR
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3
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Taboun Z, Zeng P, Deluce J, Fung K, Barrett J, Elkadri L, Palma D, Stewart P, Cecchini MJ, Nichols A, Winquist E. Clinical Presentation and Genomic Analysis of HPV-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx in Two Young Female Patients. Cureus 2023; 15:e48316. [PMID: 38058352 PMCID: PMC10697727 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal cancer most frequently develops in males aged 60-70 years with a history of tobacco and/or alcohol use, while fewer cases occur in young patients in which tobacco and alcohol are often absent or less significant, highlighting the importance of other etiologies. We present cases of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated laryngeal cancer in two previously healthy young women. A retrospective case review was carried out for both patients. DNA was extracted from the primary tumors and matched to normal tissue or blood, HPV genotype was determined by PCR and whole exome sequencing was carried out. Genomic results were pooled with laryngeal cancer patients from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset. The first patient was an 18-year-old female who underwent laryngectomy followed by adjuvant radiation. The second was a 24-year-old female who received chemoradiation. The first patient has remained disease-free for 16 years and the second for two years; both continue to be monitored. One tumor was positive for HPV45 and had mutations in FAT1 and FAT2; the other was positive for HPV31 and had mutations at NOTCH1, MAPK1, and HIST1H2AK. Both tumors had wild-type TP53 alleles. We bring attention to HPV as an etiology of laryngeal carcinoma in young patients, which may have implications for the treatment and prognosis of similar patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Taboun
- Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, CAN
| | - Peter Zeng
- Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, CAN
| | - Jasna Deluce
- Medical Oncology, London Health Sciences Center, London, CAN
| | - Kevin Fung
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, CAN
| | - John Barrett
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Center, London, CAN
| | - Lama Elkadri
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Center, London, CAN
| | - David Palma
- Radiation Oncology, Victoria Hospital, London Health Sciences Center, London, CAN
| | - Paul Stewart
- Medical Oncology, London Health Sciences Center, London, CAN
| | - Matthew J Cecchini
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, London Health Sciences Center, London, CAN
| | - Anthony Nichols
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, CAN
| | - Eric Winquist
- Medical Oncology, London Health Sciences Center, London, CAN
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4
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Verro B, Saraniti C, Carlisi D, Chiesa-Estomba C, Maniaci A, Lechien JR, Mayo M, Fakhry N, Lauricella M. Biomarkers in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Literature Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5096. [PMID: 37894464 PMCID: PMC10604942 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the second most common cancer among head and neck cancers. Despite a lower incidence of laryngeal carcinoma, new diagnostic techniques, and more targeted therapies, the overall survival has not changed significantly in the last decades, leading to a negative prognosis in advanced stages. Recently, several studies have focused on the identification of biomarkers that may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of LSCC. Reviewing the literature on the main databases, this study aims to investigate the role of some biomarkers in LSCC that are correlated with oxidative stress and inflammation: heat shock proteins; metallothioneins; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; heme oxygenase; cyclooxygenase-2; and micro ribonucleic acids. This review shows that biomarker expression depends on the type, grade of differentiation, stage, and site of carcinoma. In addition, the role of these biomarkers in LSCC is still little-known and little-studied. However, the study of biomarker expression and the detection of a possible correlation with patients' epidemiological, clinicopathological, and therapeutics data may lead to better awareness and knowledge of the tumor, to the identification of the best therapeutic strategy, and the most proper follow-up protocol tailored for each patient. In conclusion, the achievement of these goals may improve the prognosis of LSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Verro
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Carmelo Saraniti
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Carlos Chiesa-Estomba
- Head and Neck Surgery Research Group of Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France; (C.C.-E.); (A.M.); (J.R.L.); (M.M.); (N.F.)
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Department, Donostia University Hospital, Biodonostia Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Deusto University, 20014 Donostia, Spain
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- Head and Neck Surgery Research Group of Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France; (C.C.-E.); (A.M.); (J.R.L.); (M.M.); (N.F.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Jerome R. Lechien
- Head and Neck Surgery Research Group of Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France; (C.C.-E.); (A.M.); (J.R.L.); (M.M.); (N.F.)
- Division of Laryngology and Bronchoesophagology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Epicura Hospital, University of Mons, B7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Miguel Mayo
- Head and Neck Surgery Research Group of Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France; (C.C.-E.); (A.M.); (J.R.L.); (M.M.); (N.F.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital San Rafael (HSR), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Nicolas Fakhry
- Head and Neck Surgery Research Group of Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France; (C.C.-E.); (A.M.); (J.R.L.); (M.M.); (N.F.)
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery, La Conception University Hospital, Assistance Publique—Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (M.L.)
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5
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Đokanović D, Gajanin R, Gojković Z, Marošević G, Sladojević I, Gajanin V, Jović-Đokanović O, Amidžić L. Clinicopathological Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes in Patients with Laryngeal Cancer. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:4289-4300. [PMID: 37185440 PMCID: PMC10137398 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30040327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various factors can affect the survival of patients with laryngeal cancer (LC). In this retrospective study, we assessed clinicopathological features, their prognostic value, and treatment modalities for patients with confirmed squamous cell LC. METHODS We collected patient data on demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), disease-free survival (DFS), and locoregional control (LRC). We assessed survival using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model analyses of potential prognostic parameters. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 76 months, 28 (33.3%) patients had a recurrence. The median OS was 78 months, with an event recorded in 50% of patients. The DSS median was not reached (NR) with a survival rate of 72.6%, the DFS survival rate was 66.7% with median NR, and the LRC survival rate was 72.6% with median NR. After conducting a multivariate analysis of significant variables, we found that only recurrence and lymphatic invasion had an independent effect on OS and recurrence in DSS, while subsite impacted DFS and LRC. CONCLUSIONS Survival trends were consistent with other studies, except for OS. Recurrence, lymphatic invasion, and subsite location were significant factors that impacted patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Đokanović
- University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Oncology Cllinic, 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of medicine 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Radoslav Gajanin
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of medicine 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Zdenka Gojković
- University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Oncology Cllinic, 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of medicine 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Goran Marošević
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of medicine 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Affidea-IMC Center for Radiotherapy Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Igor Sladojević
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of medicine 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vesna Gajanin
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of medicine 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Olja Jović-Đokanović
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of medicine 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Infectology Cllinic, 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ljiljana Amidžić
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of medicine 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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6
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Lechien JR, Maniaci A, Hans S, Iannella G, Fakhry N, Mayo-Yáñez M, Ayad T, Mannelli G, Chiesa-Estomba CM. Epidemiological, clinical and oncological outcomes of young patients with laryngeal cancer: a systematic review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 279:5741-5753. [PMID: 35652941 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate epidemiological, clinical and oncological outcomes of young patients with laryngeal cancer (LC). METHODS PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library were searched by three researchers for studies investigating epidemiological, clinical and oncological outcomes of patients with age < 40 years old and LC. The following outcomes were investigated with PRISMA criteria: age; ethnicity; gender; tobacco/alcohol habits; anatomical, pathological, therapeutic and survival features. Authors performed a bias analysis of papers and provided recommendations for future studies. RESULTS Seventeen papers published between 1982 and 2021 met our inclusion criteria, accounting for 928 patients with age < 40 years (female/male ratio: 2:5). There were on average 54.2 and 45.8% of smokers and drinkers. The tumor location mainly consisted of glottis (70.1%), supraglottis (27.7%) and subglottis (2.2%). Radiation therapy was the main therapeutic strategy used in young adults with LC. The 2-year overall survival ranged from 50 to 100% and depended on tumor stage, treatment, and cohort features. Four studies reported better overall survival in young compared with old adults, while there were no significant differences in three studies. There was an important heterogeneity between studies regarding the inclusion/exclusion criteria, epidemiological, clinical, pathological and treatment. CONCLUSION It was suggested that young patients with LC had lower proportion of smokers and drinkers and better overall survival compared with older but both data of the current literature and heterogeneity between studies limit us to draw definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme R Lechien
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Elsan Hospital, Paris, France. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France. .,Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium.
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F Ingrassia, ENT Section, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Stéphane Hans
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
| | - Giannicola Iannella
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Head-Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology, Head-Neck and Oral Surgery Unit, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Via Carlo Forlanini, 34, 47121, Forli, Italy.,Department of 'Organi di Senso', University "Sapienza", Viale dell'Università, 33, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicolas Fakhry
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, APHM, Aix Marseille University, La Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Miguel Mayo-Yáñez
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Complex of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Tareck Ayad
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Giuditta Mannelli
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, AOU-Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlos M Chiesa-Estomba
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
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7
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Huang Q, Guo Y, Shen Y, Hsueh CY, Tao L, Zhang M, Wu C, Gong H, Zhou L. Epidemiological, Clinical, and Oncological Outcomes of non-Alcohol Drinking and non-Smoking Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Distinct Entity. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221133690. [PMID: 36259221 PMCID: PMC9583220 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221133690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To explore the discrepancy in clinicopathological and prognostic features between smoking and alcohol drinking (SA) and non-smoking and non-alcohol drinking (NSNA) patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Methods: This retrospective study including 1735 patients with LSCC was conducted from January 2005 to December 2010, which were categorized into 4 groups, NSNA group, smoking only group, alcohol-drinking only group, and SA group. We compared overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) using the Kaplan-Meier method and indicated clinicopathological features by Cox proportional hazards regression models before and after propensity score matching (PSM). Results: A total of 415 patients (23.92%) were identified as NSNA. The SA group was predominantly patients ≤60 years old (46.63%) while the NSNA group was more older (58.07%). NSNA group was more likely to present at earlier disease stage and more female. No significant difference in OS (P = .685) and DFS (P = .976) was found between the 2 groups. In addition to age and recurrence and metastasis being common independent prognostic factors in terms of OS in both groups of patients, NSNA group also exhibited other factors, namely tumor area >3.7 cm2 and positive resection margin. For DFS, N + stage, tumor size >3.7 cm2, and positive resection margin were prognostic features specific to NSNA group. Conclusion: The outcome is similar in LSCC patients with and without SA. NSNA group shows a distinct profile from that found in SA group. Clinicopathological features from NSNA group should be considered for LSCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi-Yao Hsueh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunping Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Hongli Gong, MD, Department of
Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031,
China.
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Liang Zhou, MD, Department of
Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031,
China.
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8
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Salvage Partial Laryngectomy after Failed Radiotherapy: Oncological and Functional Outcomes. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185411. [PMID: 36143058 PMCID: PMC9500615 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate oncological and functional outcomes in patients treated with salvage partial laryngectomy (SPL) after failed radio/chemotherapy. Study design: Retrospective multicenter chart review. Methods: Medical records of patients treated with SPL from January 1998 to January 2018 in two University Medical centers were retrieved. The SPL included horizontal supraglottic laryngectomy, hemi-laryngectomy and crico-hyoido-epiglottopexy. The following outcomes were investigated: histopathological features; overall survival (OS); recurrence-free survival (RFS) local and regional controls; post-operative speech recovery; and the oral diet restart and decannulation. Results: The data of 20 patients with cT1–cT3 laryngeal cancer were collected. The mean follow-up of patients was 69.7 months. The mean hospital stay was 43.0 days (16–111). The following complications occurred in the immediate post-operative follow-up: neck fistula (N = 6), aspiration pneumonia (N = 5), and chondronecrosis (N = 2). Early or late total laryngectomy was carried out over the follow-up period for the following reasons: positive margins and local recurrence/progression (N = 7), chondronecrosis (N = 2) and non-functional larynx (N = 1). The restart of the oral diet was carried out in 12/15 (80%) SPL patients (five patients being excluded for totalization). All patients recovered speech, and decannulation was performed in 14 patients (93%). The 5-year OS and RFS were 50% and 56%, respectively. The 5-year local and regional control rates were 56% and 56%, respectively. Conclusions: Partial laryngectomy is an alternative therapeutic approach to total laryngectomy in patients with a history of failed radiation.
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9
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Hans S, Baudouin R, Circiu MP, Couineau F, Lisan Q, Crevier-Buchman L, Lechien JR. Open Partial Laryngectomies: History of Laryngeal Cancer Surgery. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185352. [PMID: 36142999 PMCID: PMC9501694 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, surgery was the first-choice therapy for early, intermediate and advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Partial laryngeal surgery has evolved in recent decades and was influenced by many historic events and the development of new technologies. Partial laryngectomies may be performed by open, endoscopic or transoral robotic approaches. In this historic paper, we describe the evolution of open partial laryngectomy techniques, indications and surgical outcomes. Since the first partial laryngectomy in 1788, many U.S., U.K. and European surgeons, including Henry Sands, Jacob da Silva Solis-Cohen and Theodor Billroth, performed this surgical procedure under local anesthesia for tuberculosis, cancer or syphilis. Partial laryngectomy gained reputation in the medical community in 1888 due to the laryngeal cancer and death of the prince of Prussia, Frederick III. Frederick III’s death represented the turning point in the history of partial laryngectomies, calling attention to the importance of semiotics, biopsy and early diagnosis in laryngeal cancers. Hemi-laryngectomy was indicated/proposed for lateral laryngeal tumors, while thyrotomy was indicated for cancers of the middle part of the vocal fold. The second landmark in the history of partial laryngectomies was the discovery of cocaine, novocaine and adrenaline and the related development of local anesthetic techniques, which, together with the epidemiological and hygienic advances of the 19th century, allowed for better perioperative outcomes. General anesthesia was introduced in the second part of the 20th century and further improved the surgical outcomes. The diagnosis of laryngeal cancer was improved with the development of X-rays and direct laryngoscopies. The 20th century was characterized by the development and improvement of vertical partial laryngectomy procedures and the development of horizontal partial laryngectomies for both supraglottic and glottic regions. The history and the evolution of these techniques are discussed in the present historical paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Hans
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Robin Baudouin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Marta P. Circiu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Florent Couineau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Quentin Lisan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Lise Crevier-Buchman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Jérôme R. Lechien
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), 92150 Suresnes, France
- Division of Laryngology and Broncho-Esophagology, EpiCURA Hospital, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Polyclinic of Poitiers—Elsan, 86000 Poitiers, France
- Correspondence:
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Li W, Hu X, Huang X. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 847 promotes laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma progression through the microRNA-181a-5p/zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9987-10000. [PMID: 35435130 PMCID: PMC9161931 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2062531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study is targeted at investigating the effects of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 847 (LINC00847) on the malignant biological behaviors of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) cells, and the mechanisms. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting were conducted for detecting the expressions of LINC00847, microRNA-181a-5p (miR-181a-5p) and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) in LSCC cell lines and tissue samples. BrdU, cell counting kit-8, scratch wound healing, Transwell and flow cytometry assays were utilized for detecting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression. Dual-luciferase reporter gene, RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays were utilized to investigate the interaction among LINC00847, miR-181a-5p, and ZEB2. The subcellular location of LINC00847 was determined by RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH) assay. Tumor growth was evaluated using a xenograft model of nude mice. It was revealed that LINC00847 expression was increased in LSCC tissues, and its high expression was associated with lymph node metastasis and poor differentiation. LINC00847 was mainly located in the cytoplasm of LSCC cells, and LINC00847 overexpression promoted LSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and accelerated the cell cycle progression while knocking down LINC00847 had the opposite effects in vitro and inhibited the tumor growth in vivo. LINC00847 directly targeted miR-181a-5p and negatively modulated miR-181a-5p expression. ZEB2 was a target gene of miR-181a-5p, and was positively and indirectly modulated by LINC00847. Our data suggest that LINC00847 promotes LSCC progression by regulating the miR-181a-5p/ZEB2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ezhou Central Hospital, Hubei, Ezhou Province, P.R. China
| | - Xionghui Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tongxiang First People’s Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ezhou Central Hospital, Hubei, Ezhou Province, P.R. China
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Laryngeal cancers in paediatric and young adult patients: epidemiology, biology and treatment. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 30:145-153. [PMID: 34740227 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of thi study was to review the recent literature on epidemiology, biology and treatment of laryngeal cancer in paediatric and young adult patients. RECENT FINDINGS Epidemiological studies reported that 2-10% of patients with laryngeal cancer are younger than 40-year-old, while the prevalence of laryngeal cancer remains unknown in the paediatric population. The development of laryngeal cancer in young adults is multifactorial and may be linked to common carcinogens (tobacco and alcohol), occupational factors, laryngopharyngeal reflux, immunosuppression, human papillomavirus infection and genetic polymorphism. A substantial number of cohort studies reported a significant lower proportion of drinkers and smokers in young populations with laryngeal cancer, supporting the higher prevalence of chromosomal losses or abnormalities predisposing to cancer in this group. The development of laryngeal cancer in paediatric patients is strongly associated with genetic syndromes with DNA repair abnormalities. The pathological, clinical and survival outcome differences between young and old patient groups vary significantly between studies, depending on epidemiological, genetic features and therapeutic strategies used. SUMMARY Paediatric and adult populations with laryngeal cancer present different clinical, pathological and survival outcomes. In the adult population, the patient age at the time of disease development underlies genetic and etiological differences with different mutation patterns between young and old patients, the latter being more frequently individuals with a history of tobacco and alcohol abuse. The differences between age groups regarding stage of cancer at initial presentation, as well as clinical and survival outcomes, are unclear, which may be due to demographic, ethnicity and population genetic differences.
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Zhao J, Zhang P, Wang X. YBX1 promotes tumor progression via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:4859-4869. [PMID: 35116338 PMCID: PMC8797748 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-2087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most commonly seen malignancies of the head and neck, with increasing incidence and mortality. The Y-box-binding protein 1 (YBX1) is a type of oncoprotein which is related to the malignant phenotype of many cancers. It is reported that YBX1 could regulate tumorigenesis, recurrence, and metastasis in multiple cancers. However, little is known about its carcinogenic function and mechanism in LSCC. METHODS Firstly, Through Oncomine StarBase, we found that the YBX1 mRNA level was increased in a variety of cancer tissues, including in the LSCC, compared with normal tissues. We silenced YBX1 in LSCC cells using short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs). Secondly, the biological function of YBX1 in LSCC cells was examined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, the wound healing assay, and the transwell assay. Thirdly, the correlation between YBX1 and the PI3K/AKT pathway was verified by the western blot assay. RESULTS Expression of YBX1 is higher in a variety of cancer tissues, especially in the head and neck cancers. After transfected with lentiviral vectors, the expression of YBX1 was significantly silenced. Functionally, low expression of YBX1 promoted LSCC cell apoptosis and inhibited LSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The transfection of sh-YBX1 resulted in an obvious decrease in PI3K/AKT signaling molecules in LSCC cells. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that YBX1 could promote LSCC cell progression through the PI3K/AKT pathway, providing new insights into a potential biomarker and target for LSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 Gene Polymorphisms and Laryngeal Cancer Risk. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147486. [PMID: 34299935 PMCID: PMC8305316 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM, DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 are the cell glycoprotein, which play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. This study was designed to assess the association between DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 SNPs and laryngeal cancer risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study including 267 patients with histologically confirmed laryngeal cancer and 157 controls. The relationship between genetic variations DIAPH2 (rs6620138), PTPRD (rs3765142) and HIC1 (rs9901806) and the onset of laryngeal cancer were investigated. Statistical analysis to calculate the relationship between DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 genes polymorphism and pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer. RESULTS: The results showed that rs6620138 DIAPH2 polymorphism could increase the onset risk of laryngeal cancer. Statistically significant differences in allele distribution of rs6620138 DIAPH2 and rs9901806 HIC1 in the case and control groups subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: This study results suggested that genetic variation of rs6620138 DIAPH2 polymorphism is related to the susceptibility to laryngeal cancer. Our results provide a basis to begin basic research on the role of DIAPH2 gene in the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer.
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A roadmap of six different pathways to improve survival in laryngeal cancer patients. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 29:65-78. [PMID: 33337612 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Laryngeal cancer continues to require improvement in earlier stage diagnosis and better imaging delineation of disease, and hence 'more evidence-based' selection of treatment, as recent evidence suggests that related mortality, in the last decades, has not significantly decreased worldwide. Even though the reasons are not fully understood, there persists an urgency for a review and development of future strategies to embrace such clinical and diagnostic challenges from a political, societal, as well as scientific and clinical points of view. RECENT FINDINGS This review of the published literature suggests that survival improvement in laryngeal cancer may be achieved by fuelling and combining at least some or all of six targeted agendas: documentation of disease global incidence and national burden monitoring; development and implementation of high-quality cancer registries; education on risk factors and hazardous habits associated with laryngeal cancer for the general population; active modification of proven at-risk population lifestyles; centralization of treatment; and use of machine learning of gathered 'big data' and their integration into approaches for the optimization of prevention and treatments strategies. SUMMARY Laryngeal cancer should be tackled on several fronts, commencing with disease monitoring and prevention, up to treatment optimisation. Available modern resources offer the possibility to generate significant advances in laryngeal cancer management. However, each nation needs to develop a comprehensive approach, which is an essential prerequisite to obtain meaningful improvement on results.
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Bai Y, Hou J, Wang X, Geng L, Jia X, Xiang L, Nan K. Circ_0000218 plays a carcinogenic role in laryngeal cancer through regulating microRNA-139-3p/Smad3 axis. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153103. [PMID: 32825967 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) accounts for about 85%-90% of all cases of laryngeal cancer. So far, the role and molecular mechanism of circular RNA 0,000,218 (circ_0000218)/microRNA (miR)-139-3p in laryngeal cancer are not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of circ_0000218/miR-139-3p in laryngeal cancerin vitro and in vivo. METHODS quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of circ_0000218/miR-139-3p in LSCC cells. Dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were used to confirm binding sites between miR-139-3p and smad family member 3 (Smad3), and circ_0000218 and miR-139-3p. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and cell apoptosis analysis were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis. Xenograft experiment was performed to show in vivo effect of circ_0000218/miR-139-3p on the growth of LSCC. RESULTS Circ_0000218 was highly expressed in LSCC cells. miR-139-3p, lower expressed in LSCC cells, was negatively regulated by circ_0000218 in LSCC cells. Besides, the findings suggested that circ_0000218 silencing inhibited the LSCC cell viability and promoted apoptosis by negatively regulating miR-139-3p expression. Furthermore, the data indicated that miR-139-3p inhibited the viability of LSCC cells and promoted apoptosis, and these effects were reversed by Smad3 over-expression. In addition, the in vivo effects of circ_0000218/miR-139-3p on LSCC were consistent with the in vitro study. CONCLUSIONS circ_0000218 inhibition inhibited the growth of LSCC by targeting miR-139-3p/Smad3 axis. Our present study provided a new target for laryngeal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jia Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Luying Geng
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiaohui Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Luochengling Xiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Kejun Nan
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Oncology Hospital, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China.
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Yin D, Guo L, Li S, Tuerdi A, Yang X, Tang Q, Wang S, Liu J, Huang P, Li M. Clinical significance of neuropilin-2 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol 2020; 41:102540. [PMID: 32480134 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study is to evaluate the expression of NRP-2 and explore its role in Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS NRP-2 expression in 70 primary LSCC tissue specimens were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patients´ survival rate. Additionally, 9 paired LSCC tissues were evaluated for NRP-2 expression by Western blotting. RESULTS The Western blotting indicated that NRP-2 expression levels in LSCC were significantly higher than those in the paraneoplastic tissues (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that NRP-2 was detected in all primary tumor samples, moreover, high expression of NRP-2 was significantly correlated with TNM stage (P < 0.05), clinical stage (P < 0.05), histological classification (P < 0.05), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05) and recurrence (P = 0.001). Survival curves determined by the Kaplan-Meier method showed that high expression of NRP-2 can reduce overall survival (both group P < 0.05). Then we combined the NRP-2 expression and lymph node status, and Kaplan-Meier survival showed patients with high expression of NRP-2 or lymph node metastasis (+) had both shorter disease-free and overall survival than others (both P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis confirmed that histological grade (P = 0.045), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.020) and high expression of NRP-2 (P = 0.033) were statistically significant, independent predictor of prognosis. CONCLUSIONS NRP-2 may contribute to LSCC progression and represents as a novel prognostic indicator as well as a potential therapeutic target for LSCC.
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Chen LY, Weng WB, Wang W, Chen JF. Analyses of High-Risk Factors for Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Establishment of Nomogram Prediction Model. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2020; 100:657S-662S. [PMID: 32041419 DOI: 10.1177/0145561320901613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most common laryngeal tumors, and its incidence is increasing yearly; however, whether lymph node dissection should be performed during surgery remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data of 246 cases of LSCC and developed a nomogram for the prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) of LSCC. The predictive performance and consistency of the model were evaluated using the consistency coefficient (C-index) and calibration curve, respectively. Among 246 cases of LSCC, 52 cases had metastasis with a positivity rate of 21.14%. Multivariate analyses showed that dysphagia, clinical T stage, and pathological differentiation were independent risk factors for LNM in LSCC. The accuracy of the contour map used to predict the risk for LNM was 0.809. Overall, this nomogram model can be used to evaluate LNM in patients with LSCC before surgery to decide whether to conduct neck dissection and improve patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ying Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 89657the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Bin Weng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 89657the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 89657the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 89657the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Shoffel-Havakuk H, O'Dell K, Johns MM, Reder L, Popova M, Halperin D, Feldberg E, Lahav Y. The rising rate of nonsmokers among laryngeal carcinoma patients: Are we facing a new disease? Laryngoscope 2019; 130:E108-E115. [PMID: 31090946 DOI: 10.1002/lary.28067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is strongly associated with tobacco smoking. With the rising awareness of tobacco's adverse health effects, we have witnessed a global decrease in tobacco use. Nevertheless, laryngeal SCC remains prevalent and includes a subset of patients lacking the traditional risk factors. STUDY DESIGN A two-center retrospective cohort. METHODS Medical records of patients diagnosed with laryngeal SCC between 2009 and 2016 were reviewed. Data collected included demographics, smoking status, and tumor site. Patients who have never smoked were designated as nonsmokers. RESULTS The study included 330 patients with laryngeal SCC, of whom 75 (22.7%) were nonsmokers; this rate was relatively similar for each of the two institutions independently (21.9% and 25%). There were 285 patients with glottic SCC and 45 with supraglottic SCC. All nonsmoking patients in this cohort had glottic SCC, representing 26.3% (75/285) of the glottic SCC cases. The rate of female patients was significantly higher among nonsmokers. Of the patients with glottic SCC, females represented 25.3% (19/75) of the nonsmokers compared with 12.4% (26/210) of the smokers (P = .008). Mean age at diagnosis was 60.2 ± 17.5 years for nonsmoking glottic SCC patients and 63.6 ± 12.4 years for smokers (P = .280). However, nonsmokers demonstrated a distinct age distribution pattern. Nonsmoking females with glottic SCC demonstrated a bimodal age distribution pattern; 73.7% (14/19) were age <40 years or >75 years at diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS The rate of laryngeal SCC in nonsmokers is higher than what has previously been reported, representing a growing proportion, and may suggest a shift in etiology. Knowing that laryngeal SCC in nonsmokers predominantly affects the glottis, and that females and age extremities are more vulnerable, the traditional screening paradigm should be revised. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 130:E108-E115, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagit Shoffel-Havakuk
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karla O'Dell
- USC Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael M Johns
- USC Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lindsay Reder
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Los Angeles, California
| | - Margarita Popova
- USC Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Doron Halperin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, and the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Edit Feldberg
- Department of Pathology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, and the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yonatan Lahav
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, and the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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Malm IJ, Rooper LM, Bishop JA, Ozgursoy SK, Hillel AT, Akst LM, Best SR. Molecular and immunologic analysis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in smokers and non-smokers. Am J Otolaryngol 2019; 40:213-217. [PMID: 30553600 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is strongly associated with tobacco use, but recent reports suggest an increasing incidence of LSCC in patients without traditional risk factors, suggesting an alternative etiology of tumorigenesis. The purpose of this study is to characterize this non-smoking population and to compare immunohistochemical markers in tumor specimens from non-smokers and smokers with LSCC. METHODS A retrospective chart review of patients with LSCC at Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) was performed. A tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed with tumor specimen from non-smokers with stage and age-matched smokers and stained for a variety of immunologic and molecular targets. RESULTS In the JHH cohort of 521 patients, 12% (n = 63) were non-smokers. Non-smokers were more likely to be <45 years old at time of diagnosis (OR 4.13, p = 0.001) and to have glottic tumors (OR 2.46, p = 0.003). The TMA was comprised of tumors from 34 patients (14 non-smokers, 20 smokers). Only 2 patients (6%) were human-papillomavirus (HPV) positive by high-risk RNA in situ hybridization (ISH). There was no correlation between smoking status and p16 (p = 0.36), HPV-ISH positivity (p = 0.79), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN, p = 0.91), p53 (p = 0.14), or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1, p = 0.27) expression. CONCLUSIONS Non-smokers with LSCC are more likely to be younger at the time of diagnosis and have glottic tumors than smokers with LSCC. In TMA analysis of stage and age-matched specimens from smoker and non-smokers with LSCC, the pattern of expression for common molecular and immunologic markers is similar. Further, HPV does not appear to be a major causative etiology of LSCC in either smokers or non-smokers in our cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian-James Malm
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Lisa M Rooper
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin A Bishop
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Alexander T Hillel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lee M Akst
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Simon R Best
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Silén S, Haapaniemi A, Dickinson A, Rönn K, Mäkitie A. Presentation of second primary cancers in young laryngeal carcinoma patients. Acta Otolaryngol 2019; 139:85-89. [PMID: 30712430 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2018.1527037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is rare in the young. OBJECTIVES We characterized the clinical behavior of LSCC and assessed the presentation of second primary tumors (SPCs) in this patient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from the Finnish Cancer Registry (FCR) were used to identify an epidemiological series of LSCC patients diagnosed at the age of 40 years or under, during 1953-2012 in Finland. Data regarding primary treatment, survival, and SPCs were available. To further characterize the comorbidity and lifestyle factors of young patients with LSCC, institutional data were collected of patients treated at the Helsinki University Hospital during 1967-2012. RESULTS We identified 151 patients, with a mean follow-up of 252 months. The 10-year overall survival (OS) was 75% and the disease-specific survival was 84%. SPCs were diagnosed in 26% (n = 39), with a median delay of 28 years. Of the 35 patients in the institutional series from Helsinki, 22 (63%) were current or former smokers. LSCC recurred in 28% of patients. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE The delay to SPCs in young patients was significantly longer compared with the general LSCC population. As factors underlying this phenomenon cannot be identified by this retrospective study, further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Silén
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aaro Haapaniemi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Amy Dickinson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Karin Rönn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Nachalon Y, Alkan U, Shvero J, Yaniv D, Shkedy Y, Limon D, Popovtzer A. Assessment of laryngeal cancer in patients younger than 40 years. Laryngoscope 2017; 128:1602-1605. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.26951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Nachalon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Uri Alkan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Jacob Shvero
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Dan Yaniv
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Yotam Shkedy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Dror Limon
- Davidoff Cancer Center; Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital; Petach Tikva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Aron Popovtzer
- Davidoff Cancer Center; Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital; Petach Tikva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
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