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Rodríguez-Olivas AO, Hernández-Zamora E, Reyes-Maldonado E. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease overview. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:125. [PMID: 35292045 PMCID: PMC8922924 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Legg–Calvé–Perthes Disease (LCPD) is a necrosis of the femoral head which affects the range of motion of the hips. Its incidence is variable, ranging from 0.4/100,000 to 29.0/ 100,000 children. Although LCPD was first described in the beginning of the past century, limited is known about its etiology. Our objective is to describe the main areas of interest in Legg–Calve–Perthes disease. Methods A review of the literature regarding LCPD etiology was performed, considering the following inclusion criteria: Studies reporting clinical or preclinical results. The research group carried out a filtered search on the PubMed and Science Direct databases. To maximize the suitability of the search results, we combined the terms ‘‘Perthes disease” OR “LCPD” OR “children avascular femoral head necrosis” with “diagnostic” OR “treatment” OR “etiology” as either key words or MeSH terms. Results In this article been described some areas of interest in LCPD, we include topics such as: history, incidence, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and possible etiology, since LCPD has an unknown etiology. Conclusions This review suggests that LCPD has a multifactorial etiology where environmental, metabolic and genetic agents could be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando O Rodríguez-Olivas
- Department of Morphology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Hernández-Zamora
- Department of Morphology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico. .,Genomic Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Elba Reyes-Maldonado
- Department of Morphology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Wang S, Zhong H, Ze R, Hong P, Li J, Tang X. Microarray analysis of lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in patients with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:974547. [PMID: 36160809 PMCID: PMC9490025 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.974547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) still remain unclear. A disruption of blood supply to the femoral head, producing ischemic necrosis, appears to be the critical pathological event. The lncRNAs play crucial roles in many biological processes and are dysregulated in various human diseases. However, its expression profiles and the potential regulatory roles in the development of LCPD have not been investigated. METHODS In this study, differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease patients were profiled. Several GO terms and pathways that play important roles in the regulation of vascular structure, function or coagulation were selected for further analysis. The lncRNA -mRNA interacting networks in LCPD tissues were constructed to identify novel potential targets for further investigation. RESULTS The microarray analysis revealed that 149 lncRNAs and 37 mRNAs were up-regulated, and 64 lncRNAs and 250 mRNAs were down-regulated in LCPD tissues. After filtering, we finally found 14 mRNAs and constructed an mRNA-lncRNA interacting network. Through the analysis of the interaction network, we finally found 13 differentially expressed lncRNAs, which may be implicated in the pathogenesis of LCPD. These mRNAs/lncRNAs were further validated with qRT-PCR. CONCLUSION The findings of this study established a co-expression network of disease-related lncRNAs and mRNAs which screened out from the concerned G.O. terms and Pathways, which may provide new sights for future studies on molecular mechanisms of LCPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haobo Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Renhao Ze
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Huang Q, Li B, Lin C, Chen X, Wang T, Liu J, Liu Y, Lu R, Liao S, Ding X. MicroRNA sequence analysis of plasma exosomes in early Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Cell Signal 2021; 91:110184. [PMID: 34740784 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) has not been fully elucidated, and studies on epigenetic changes that may contribute to the pathogenesis of LCPD are rare. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic modifications that play a critical role in gene regulation. This study aimed to determine the expression profiles of circulating exosomal miRNAs and examine the role of exosomal miRNAs in LCPD. Exosomes were extracted from the plasma of three patients with LCPD and three matched healthy volunteers. Total exosomal miRNAs were isolated, and next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic approaches were performed. The top 10 most differentially upregulated miRNAs were identified, and qRT-PCR validation was performed using additional 10 matches. In Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, plasma exosomes were used in verifying osteoclastogenesis and the endothelial dysfunction phenotypes involved. The elevated miRNAs in LCPD plasma exosomes were tested for osteoclastogenesis and endothelial dysfunction in vitro. Sequencing results revealed the expression profiles of plasma exosomal miRNAs with differential expression from the DESeq-identified miRNA profiles in LCPD versus controls in a pairwise comparison. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses indicated that the predicted target genes of different miRNAs were mainly enriched in the endothelial and osteoclast cells related to signaling pathways. Functional phenotype experiments showed that the plasma exosomes in the LCPD group promoted osteoclastogenesis and endothelial cell dysfunction. qRT-PCR experiments showed that nine miRNAs in circulating exosomes in LCPD patients were higher than those in the healthy controls. miR-3133, miR-4644, miR-4693-3p, and miR-4693-5p promoted endothelial dysfunction, and miR-3133, miR-4693-3p, miR-4693-5p, miR-141-3p and miR-30a promoted osteoclastogenesis in vitro. This study demonstrated that plasma exosomes from LCPD promote endothelial cell dysfunction and osteoclastogenesis likely through their miRNAs, which might contribute to the development of LCPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Huang
- Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Boxiang Li
- Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chengsen Lin
- Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xianxiang Chen
- Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianhong Liu
- Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rongbin Lu
- Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shijie Liao
- Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xiaofei Ding
- Department of Trauma Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Wang H, Xu Y, Jin M, Yuan W. SELE Downregulation Suppresses Mast Cell Accumulation to Protect against Inflammatory Response in Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2020; 182:83-93. [PMID: 33285544 DOI: 10.1159/000507289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) represents a common skin disorder often characterized by mast cell activation and secretion of histamine and other proinflammatory factors. E-selectin (SELE) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of common inflammatory cutaneous disorders, while the role of SELE in CIU is yet to be fully understood. Thus, we aimed to investigate the mechanism by which SELE influences CIU in connection with the involvement of mast cells. METHODS SELE expression was measured in blood samples obtained from CIU patients and normal individuals. A CIU mouse model was subsequently established by intradermally injecting a normal saline solution with ovalbumin IgE antiserum into the mice. Loss- and gain-of-function investigations were conducted on the mouse models. The number of degranulated mast cells and the amount of histamine release in vitro were determined. The levels of SELE, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, homologous restriction factor (HRF), and interleukin (IL)-6 levels were determined. RESULTS The CIU clinical samples exhibited upregulated SELE, while the CIU mice showed increased mast cell degranulation and an increased rate of histamine directional release, as well as an elevated expression of SELE, TNF-α, HRF, and IL-6. SELE silencing was found to decrease the number of degranulated mast cells and reduce the rate of histamine directional release, along with suppressed TNF-α, HRF, and IL-6 expression, in the serum of CIU mice. Ketotifen was observed to rescue the increased expression of TNF-α, HRF, and IL-6 caused by SELE overexpression. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the potential of SELE downregulation to repress inflammatory factor secretion caused by the accumulation of mast cells, which ultimately inhibits the development of CIU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,
| | - Yangchun Xu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meishan Jin
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Shores DR, Everett AD. Children as Biomarker Orphans: Progress in the Field of Pediatric Biomarkers. J Pediatr 2018; 193:14-20.e31. [PMID: 29031860 PMCID: PMC5794519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darla R Shores
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Allen D Everett
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio may be a predictive marker of poor prognosis in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Hip Int 2016; 26:598-601. [PMID: 27229163 DOI: 10.5301/hipint.5000381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is the idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral head in childhood. The pathologic changes seen in the femoral head are likely a result of vascular factors. Blood neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio is a simple marker of subclinical inflammation. This study aims to to analyse the predictive ability of N/L ratio for the prognosis in LCPD patients. METHODS Patients who had been diagnosed as LCPD from 2008 to 2014 were investigated retrospectively and 40 LCPD patients (33 male and 7 female) and 25 healthy age and sex-matched children (controls) were included in the study. LCPD patients were divided into 2 groups according to expected prognosis (good prognosis expected Herring A and B patients as Group I and poor prognosis expected Herring B-C and C patients as Group II) and healthy children (control) were included in Group III. All the patients' hematological markers were analysed. RESULTS Mean age was 7.1 ± 2.0 years in group I (4.9-12 years), 8.3 ± 2.2 years (4-12.5 years) in group II and 7.8 ± 1.3 years (6-12 years) in group III. Mean values for Groups I, II and III for neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio were 1.13 ± 0.65, 1.75 ± 0.95, 1.08 ± 0.37, respectively. The mean neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio of Group II was higher than the other 2 groups (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS N/L ratio may give us information about the natural course of LCPD and may be used as independent predictor of prognosis in patients with LCPD.
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