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Hershberger PE, Gruss V, Steffen AD, Adlam K, Driessnack M, Grotevant HD, Klock SC, Pasch LA, Bhagat R, Gallo AM. A Randomized Pilot Trial of the Donor Conception Tool to Empower Parental Telling and Talking (TELL Tool) with Their Children About Their Genetic Origins. J Pediatr Health Care 2024:S0891-5245(24)00149-4. [PMID: 39023461 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parents who use donated gametes or embryos to form their families struggle with telling their children about their genetic origins. We developed the Tool to Empower Parental Telling and Talking (TELL Tool) to support parents in disclosure to their children and an eBook attention control. METHOD A randomized parallel, two-group, attention-controlled clinical pilot trial was conducted online during COVID-19. Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects among parents with children aged 1-16 years were examined. RESULTS Over 10 months, our target of 75 parents were enrolled (85% of eligible [95% confidence interval (CI), 76% to 91%]), and 68% (95% CI: 57% to 78%) were retained at 12 weeks. At 4 and 12 weeks, positive trends were found for parental disclosure, telling confidence, and anxiety compared with attention controls. DISCUSSION The study protocol is feasible, and the TELL Tool is acceptable to parents and demonstrates a positive effect on parents' ability to tell their children. The results support the implementation of a large efficacy trial.
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Hershberger PE, Kavanaugh K. Comparing appropriateness and equivalence of email interviews to phone interviews in qualitative research on reproductive decisions. Appl Nurs Res 2017; 37:50-54. [PMID: 28985920 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite an increasing use of qualitative email interviews by nurse researchers, there is little understanding about the appropriateness and equivalence of email interviews to other qualitative data collection methods, especially on sensitive topics research. PURPOSE The purpose is to describe our procedures for completing asynchronous, email interviews and to evaluate the appropriateness and equivalency of email interviews to phone interviews in two qualitative research studies that examined reproductive decisions. METHODS Content analysis guided the methodological appraisal of appropriateness and equivalency of in-depth, asynchronous email interviews to single phone interviews. Appropriateness was determined by: (a) participants' willingness to engage in email or phone interviews, (b) completing data collection in a timely period, and (c) participants' satisfaction with the interview. Equivalency was evaluated by: (a) completeness of the interview data, and (b) insight obtained from the data. RESULTS Of the combined sample in the two studies (N=71), 31% of participants chose to participate via an email interview over a phone interview. The time needed to complete the email interviews averaged 27 to 28days and the number of investigator probe-participant response interchanges was 4 to 5cycles on average. In contrast, the phone interviews averaged 59 to 61min in duration. Most participants in both the email and phone interviews reported they were satisfied or very satisfied with their ability to express their true feelings throughout the interview. Regarding equivalence, 100% of the email and phone interviews provided insight into decision processes. Although insightful, two of the email and one phone interview had short answers or, at times, underdeveloped responses. Participants' quotes and behaviors cited within four published articles, a novel evaluation of equivalency, revealed that 20% to 37.5% of the citations about decision processes were from email participants, which is consistent with the percent of email participants. CONCLUSIONS In-depth, asynchronous email interviews were appropriate and garnered rich, insightful data that augmented the phone interviews. Awareness of the procedures, appropriateness, and nuances when carrying out email interviews on sensitive topics may provide nurse researchers with the ability to obtain thick, rich data that can best advance clinical practice and direct future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E Hershberger
- College of Nursing and College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
| | - Karen Kavanaugh
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States.
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Wilkerson JM, Patankar P, Rawat SM, Simon Rosser BR, Shukla KM, Rhoton J, Ekstrand ML. Recruitment Strategies of Indian Men Who Have Sex with Men in the State of Maharashtra Into an Online Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2016; 28:221-227. [PMID: 27668029 PMCID: PMC5030770 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2016.1193079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we report lessons learned from our efforts to recruit Indian men and transgender women/hijras who have sex with men into an online cross sectional study. Between September 2013 and May 2014, we implemented a seven-phased recruitment strategy that included the use of online and offline strategies to enroll a total of 449 participants into an online survey about recent sexual behavior and various psychosocial measures. The phases were implemented sequentially and cost-per-eligible participant was calculated. Using social media and collaborating with organizers of community events proved the most effective strategies for recruiting Indian MSM into online research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Michael Wilkerson
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth)
School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - B. R. Simon Rosser
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis,
Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Jayson Rhoton
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth)
School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maria L. Ekstrand
- University of California San Francisco Center for AIDS Prevention
Studies, San Francisco, California, USA
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Côté J, Cossette S, Ramirez-Garcia P, De Pokomandy A, Worthington C, Gagnon MP, Auger P, Boudreau F, Miranda J, Guéhéneuc YG, Tremblay C. Evaluation of a Web-based tailored intervention (TAVIE en santé) to support people living with HIV in the adoption of health promoting behaviours: an online randomized controlled trial protocol. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1042. [PMID: 26458508 PMCID: PMC4603806 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2310-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term use of antiretroviral therapy, normal aging, and presence of certain risk factors are associated with metabolic disorders that predispose persons living with HIV to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The emergence and progression of these disorders can be prevented by adopting healthy behaviours. Based on the theory of planned behaviour, the Web-based tailored intervention TAVIE en santé was developed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of TAVIE en santé in order to support people living with HIV in the adoption of health promoting behaviours. Methods/Design An online randomized controlled trial with parallel-groups will be conducted across Canada. To participate in this study, people living with HIV must be: ≥ 18 years, able to read/understand French or English, have access to the Internet. A convenience sample of 750 participants will be randomly assigned either to an experimental group (TAVIE en santé, n = 375) or to a control group (websites, n = 375) (1:1 allocation ratio). The TAVIE en santé intervention is composed of seven interactive computer sessions, lasting between 5 and 10 min. The sessions, hosted by a virtual nurse, aim to develop and strengthen skills required for behaviour change. The control group will receive a validated list of five predetermined conventional health-related Websites. The adoption of health behaviour (smoking cessation or physical activity or healthy eating) is the principal outcome. Cognitions (intention, attitude, perceived behavioral control) are the secondary outcomes. Health indicators will also be assessed. All outcomes will be measured with a self-administered online questionnaire and collected three times: at baseline, 3 and 6 months after. The principal analyses will focus on differences between the two trial groups using Intention-to-Treat analysis. Discussion This study will yield new results about the efficacy of Web-based tailored health behaviours change interventions in the context of chronic disease. The TAVIE en santé intervention could constitute an accessible complementary service in support of existing specialized services to support people living with HIV adopt health behaviors. Trial registration NCT02378766, assigned on March 3th 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Côté
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montreal, H2X 0A9, QC, Canada. .,Research Chair in Innovative Nursing Practices, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montreal, H2X 0A9, QC, Canada. .,Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, 2375, chemin de la Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, H3T 1A8, QC, Canada.
| | - Sylvie Cossette
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, 2375, chemin de la Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, H3T 1A8, QC, Canada. .,Research Center of the Montreal Heart Institute, 5000, Bélanger Street, Montréal, H1T 1C8, QC, Canada.
| | - Pilar Ramirez-Garcia
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, 2375, chemin de la Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, H3T 1A8, QC, Canada.
| | - Alexandra De Pokomandy
- Faculty of Medecine, McGill University, 3655 Sir William Osler, Montreal, H3G 1Y6, QC, Canada.
| | - Catherine Worthington
- Faculty of Human and Social Development, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, V8P 5C2, BC, Canada.
| | - Marie-Pierre Gagnon
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, 2705, boulevard Laurier, Québec, G1V 4G2, QC, Canada. .,Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Université Laval, 1050, avenue de la Médecine Local 3645, Québec, G1V 0A6, QC, Canada.
| | - Patricia Auger
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montreal, H2X 0A9, QC, Canada. .,Research Chair in Innovative Nursing Practices, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montreal, H2X 0A9, QC, Canada.
| | - François Boudreau
- Faculty of Nursing, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivièves, 3351, boul. des Forges, CP 500, Trois-Rivières, G9A 5H7, QC, Canada.
| | - Joyal Miranda
- Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 2K3, ON, Canada.
| | - Yann-Gaël Guéhéneuc
- Canada Research Chair on Software Patterns and Patterns of Software, 2500, chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, H3T 1J4, QC, Canada. .,Department of Computer Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500, chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, H3T 1J4, QC, Canada.
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montreal, H2X 0A9, QC, Canada. .,Quebec Public Health Laboratory, Sainte-Marie Rd, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3R5, QC, Canada. .,Faculty of Medecine, Université de Montréal, 2900, boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, H3T 1J4, QC, Canada.
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Drazba KT, Kelley MA, Hershberger PE. A qualitative inquiry of the financial concerns of couples opting to use preimplantation genetic diagnosis to prevent the transmission of known genetic disorders. J Genet Couns 2014; 23:202-11. [PMID: 23949612 PMCID: PMC3925761 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-013-9638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is an innovative prenatal testing option because the determination of whether a genetic disorder or chromosomal abnormality is evident occurs prior to pregnancy. However, PGD is not covered financially under the majority of private and public health insurance institutions in the United States, leaving couples to decide whether PGD is financially feasible. The aim of this qualitative study was to understand the role of finances in the decision-making process among couples who were actively considering PGD. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were completed with 18 genetic high-risk couples (36 individual partners). Grounded theory guided the analysis, whereby three themes emerged: 1) Cost is salient, 2) Emotions surrounding affordability, and 3) Financial burden and sacrifice. Ultimately, couples determined that the opportunity to avoid passing on a genetic disorder to a future child was paramount to the cost of PGD, but expressed financial concerns and recognized financial access as a major barrier to PGD utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn T Drazba
- Population Science, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA,
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Wilkerson JM, Shenk JE, Grey JA, Simon Rosser BR, Noor SW. Recruitment Strategies of Methamphetamine-Using Men Who Have Sex with Men into an Online Survey. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2013; 20:33-37. [PMID: 25642143 DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2013.868936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Recruiting hidden populations into online research remains challenging. In this manuscript, we report lessons learned from our efforts to recruit methamphetamine-using men who have sex with men. Between July and October 2012, we implemented a four-phase recruitment strategy to enroll a total of 343 methamphetamine-using MSM into an online survey about recent substance use, sexual behavior, and various psychosocial measures. The four phases were implemented sequentially. During phase one, we placed advertisements on mobile applications, and during phase two, we placed advertisements on traditional websites formatted for browsers. During phase three, we used e-mail to initiate snowball recruitment, and during phase four, we used social media for snowball recruitment. Advertisements on mobile devices and websites formatted for browsers proved to be expensive options and resulted in few eligible participants. Our attempts to initiate a snowball through e-mail also proved unsuccessful. The majority (n=320) of observations in our final dataset came from our use of social media. However, participant fraud was a concern, requiring us to implement a strong participant verification protocol. For maximum recruitment and cost-effectiveness, researchers should use social media for recruitment provided they employ strong participant verification protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Wilkerson
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health
| | | | | | | | - Syed W Noor
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health
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Drazba KT, Kelley MA, Hershberger PE. A qualitative inquiry of the financial concerns of couples opting to use preimplantation genetic diagnosis to prevent the transmission of known genetic disorders. J Genet Couns 2013. [PMID: 23949612 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-013-9638-7.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is an innovative prenatal testing option because the determination of whether a genetic disorder or chromosomal abnormality is evident occurs prior to pregnancy. However, PGD is not covered financially under the majority of private and public health insurance institutions in the United States, leaving couples to decide whether PGD is financially feasible. The aim of this qualitative study was to understand the role of finances in the decision-making process among couples who were actively considering PGD. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were completed with 18 genetic high-risk couples (36 individual partners). Grounded theory guided the analysis, whereby three themes emerged: 1) Cost is salient, 2) Emotions surrounding affordability, and 3) Financial burden and sacrifice. Ultimately, couples determined that the opportunity to avoid passing on a genetic disorder to a future child was paramount to the cost of PGD, but expressed financial concerns and recognized financial access as a major barrier to PGD utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn T Drazba
- Population Science, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA,
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Ryan CJ, Choi H, Fritschi C, Hershberger PE, Vincent CV, Hacker ED, Zerwic JJ, Norr K, Park H, Tastan S, Keenan GM, Finnegan L, Zhao Z, Gallo AM, Wilkie DJ. Challenges and solutions for using informatics in research. West J Nurs Res 2013; 35:722-41. [PMID: 23475591 DOI: 10.1177/0193945913477245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Computer technology provides innovations for research but not without concomitant challenges. Herein, we present our experiences with technology challenges and solutions across 16 nursing research studies. Issues included intervention integrity, software updates and compatibility, web accessibility and implementation, hardware and equipment, computer literacy of participants, and programming. Our researchers found solutions related to best practices for computer-screen design and usability testing, especially as they relate to the target populations' computer literacy levels and use patterns; changes in software; availability and limitations of operating systems and web browsers; resources for on-site technology help for participants; and creative facilitators to access participants and implement study procedures. Researchers may find this information helpful as they consider successful ways to integrate informatics in the design and implementation of future studies with technology that maximizes research productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J Ryan
- University of Illinois Chicago College of Nursing, 845 South Damen Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Hershberger PE, Finnegan L, Pierce PF, Scoccia B. The decision-making process of young adult women with cancer who considered fertility cryopreservation. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2013; 42:59-69. [PMID: 23167639 PMCID: PMC4164048 DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2012.01426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide an in-depth description of the decision-making process that women who are diagnosed with cancer undergo as they decide whether to accept or decline fertility cryopreservation. DESIGN A qualitative, grounded theory approach. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Twenty-seven women (mean age = 29 years) who were diagnosed with cancer and were eligible for egg, embryo, or ovarian tissue cryopreservation were recruited from the Internet and two university centers. METHODS Each woman participated in a semistructured interview by phone (n = 21) or e-mail (n = 6). Data were analyzed using the constant-comparative method to inductively ascertain the women's decision-making process. NVivo 8 software was used to assist with data retrieval and analysis. RESULTS The decision-making process consists of four major phases that women experience to actively formulate a decision: identify, contemplate, resolve, and engage. In the identify phase, women acquire knowledge and experience a "double hit" scenario that is often devastating. Within the contemplate phase, five interrelated dimensions emerged including constructing and/or endorsing preferences and values and undergoing decisional debriefing sessions. A decision is reached in the resolve phase and carried out in the engage phase. Among the participants, 14 declined fertility cryopreservation and 13 accepted egg and/or embryo cryopreservation. CONCLUSION The descriptive theoretical framework clarifies the underlying processes that women with cancer undergo to decide about fertility cryopreservation. Quality of care for women with cancer can be improved by implementing appropriately timed information and tailored developmental and contextual counseling to support decision making.
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Hershberger PE, Gallo AM, Kavanaugh K, Olshansky E, Schwartz A, Tur-Kaspa I. The decision-making process of genetically at-risk couples considering preimplantation genetic diagnosis: initial findings from a grounded theory study. Soc Sci Med 2012; 74:1536-43. [PMID: 22445765 PMCID: PMC3328546 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Exponential growth in genomics has led to public and private initiatives worldwide that have dramatically increased the number of procreative couples who are aware of their ability to transmit genetic disorders to their future children. Understanding how couples process the meaning of being genetically at-risk for their procreative life lags far behind the advances in genomic and reproductive sciences. Moreover, society, policy makers, and clinicians are not aware of the experiences and nuances involved when modern couples are faced with using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD). The purpose of this study was to discover the decision-making process of genetically at-risk couples as they decide whether to use PGD to prevent the transmission of known single-gene or sex-linked genetic disorders to their children. A qualitative, grounded theory design guided the study in which 22 couples (44 individual partners) from the USA, who were actively considering PGD, participated. Couples were recruited from June 2009 to May 2010 from the Internet and from a large PGD center and a patient newsletter. In-depth semi-structured interviews were completed with each individual partner within the couple dyad, separate from their respective partner. We discovered that couples move through four phases (Identify, Contemplate, Resolve, Engage) of a complex, dynamic, and iterative decision-making process where multiple, sequential decisions are made. In the Identify phase, couples acknowledge the meaning of their at-risk status. Parenthood and reproductive options are explored in the Contemplate phase, where 41% of couples remained for up to 36 months before moving into the Resolve phase. In Resolve, one of three decisions about PGD use is reached, including: Accepting, Declining, or Oscillating. Actualizing decisions occur in the Engage phase. Awareness of the decision-making process among genetically at-risk couples provides foundational work for understanding critical processes and aids in identifying important gaps for intervention and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E Hershberger
- Department of Women, Children, & Family Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 S. Damen Avenue (MC802), Room 840, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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