1
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Littleton SH, Trang KB, Volpe CM, Cook K, DeBruyne N, Maguire JA, Weidekamp MA, Hodge KM, Boehm K, Lu S, Chesi A, Bradfield JP, Pippin JA, Anderson SA, Wells AD, Pahl MC, Grant SFA. Variant-to-function analysis of the childhood obesity chr12q13 locus implicates rs7132908 as a causal variant within the 3' UTR of FAIM2. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100556. [PMID: 38697123 PMCID: PMC11099382 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The ch12q13 locus is among the most significant childhood obesity loci identified in genome-wide association studies. This locus resides in a non-coding region within FAIM2; thus, the underlying causal variant(s) presumably influence disease susceptibility via cis-regulation. We implicated rs7132908 as a putative causal variant by leveraging our in-house 3D genomic data and public domain datasets. Using a luciferase reporter assay, we observed allele-specific cis-regulatory activity of the immediate region harboring rs7132908. We generated isogenic human embryonic stem cell lines homozygous for either rs7132908 allele to assess changes in gene expression and chromatin accessibility throughout a differentiation to hypothalamic neurons, a key cell type known to regulate feeding behavior. The rs7132908 obesity risk allele influenced expression of FAIM2 and other genes and decreased the proportion of neurons produced by differentiation. We have functionally validated rs7132908 as a causal obesity variant that temporally regulates nearby effector genes and influences neurodevelopment and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheridan H Littleton
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Khanh B Trang
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christina M Volpe
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kieona Cook
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicole DeBruyne
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jean Ann Maguire
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mary Ann Weidekamp
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kenyaita M Hodge
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Keith Boehm
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sumei Lu
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alessandra Chesi
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan P Bradfield
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Quantinuum Research LLC, San Diego, CA 92101, USA
| | - James A Pippin
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stewart A Anderson
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew D Wells
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew C Pahl
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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2
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Littleton SH, Trang KB, Volpe CM, Cook K, DeBruyne N, Ann Maguire J, Ann Weidekamp M, Boehm K, Chesi A, Pippin JA, Anderson SA, Wells AD, Pahl MC, Grant SF. Variant-to-function analysis of the childhood obesity chr12q13 locus implicates rs7132908 as a causal variant within the 3' UTR of FAIM2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.21.553157. [PMID: 37662342 PMCID: PMC10473629 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.21.553157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The ch12q13 obesity locus is among the most significant childhood obesity loci identified in genome-wide association studies. This locus resides in a non-coding region within FAIM2; thus, the underlying causal variant(s) presumably influence disease susceptibility via an influence on cis-regulation within the genomic region. We implicated rs7132908 as a putative causal variant at this locus leveraging a combination of our inhouse 3D genomic data, public domain datasets, and several computational approaches. Using a luciferase reporter assay in human primary astrocytes, we observed allele-specific cis-regulatory activity of the immediate region harboring rs7132908. Motivated by this finding, we went on to generate isogenic human embryonic stem cell lines homozygous for either rs7132908 allele with CRISPR-Cas9 homology-directed repair to assess changes in gene expression due to genotype and chromatin accessibility throughout a differentiation to hypothalamic neurons, a key cell type known to regulate feeding behavior. We observed that the rs7132908 obesity risk allele influenced the expression of FAIM2 along with other genes, decreased the proportion of neurons produced during differentiation, up-regulated cell death gene sets, and conversely down-regulated neuron differentiation gene sets. We have therefore functionally validated rs7132908 as a causal obesity variant which temporally regulates nearby effector genes at the ch12q13 locus and influences neurodevelopment and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheridan H. Littleton
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Khanh B. Trang
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christina M. Volpe
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kieona Cook
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicole DeBruyne
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jean Ann Maguire
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mary Ann Weidekamp
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Keith Boehm
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alessandra Chesi
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James A. Pippin
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stewart A. Anderson
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew D. Wells
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew C. Pahl
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Struan F.A. Grant
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Segklia K, Matsas R, Papastefanaki F. Brain Infection by Group B Streptococcus Induces Inflammation and Affects Neurogenesis in the Adult Mouse Hippocampus. Cells 2023; 12:1570. [PMID: 37371040 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system infections caused by pathogens crossing the blood-brain barrier are extremely damaging and trigger cellular alterations and neuroinflammation. Bacterial brain infection, in particular, is a major cause of hippocampal neuronal degeneration. Hippocampal neurogenesis, a continuous multistep process occurring throughout life in the adult brain, could compensate for such neuronal loss. However, the high rates of cognitive and other sequelae from bacterial meningitis/encephalitis suggest that endogenous repair mechanisms might be severely affected. In the current study, we used Group B Streptococcus (GBS) strain NEM316, to establish an adult mouse model of brain infection and determine its impact on adult neurogenesis. Experimental encephalitis elicited neurological deficits and death, induced inflammation, and affected neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult hippocampus by suppressing the proliferation of progenitor cells and the generation of newborn neurons. These effects were specifically associated with hippocampal neurogenesis while subventricular zone neurogenesis was not affected. Overall, our data provide new insights regarding the effect of GBS infection on adult brain neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Segklia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Neurobiology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Rebecca Matsas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Neurobiology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Florentia Papastefanaki
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Neurobiology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
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Kiselev IS, Kulakova OG, Baturina OA, Kabilov MR, Boyko AN, Favorova OO. [A comparison of DNA methylation profiles of blood mononuclear cells in patients with multiple sclerosis in remission and relapse]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:60-64. [PMID: 37560835 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312307260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the whole-genome DNA methylation profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs) of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in remission and relapse in order to assess the contribution of this epigenetic mechanism of gene expression regulation to the activity of the pathological process. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eight patients with RRMS in remission and 6 patients in relapse were included in the study. Methylation levels of DNA CpG sites in PBMCs were analyzed using Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip DNA microarrays. RESULTS Seven differentially methylated positions (DMPs) were identified, of which 3 were hypermethylated (cg02981003, cg18486102, cg19533582) and 4 were hypomethylated (cg16814680, cg1964802, cg18584440, cg08291996) during RRMS relapse. Five DMPs are located in protein-coding genes (GPR123, FAIM2, BTNL2, ZNF8, ASAP2), one in microRNA gene (MIR548N), and one in an intergenic region. For all identified DMPs, we observed a change in DNA methylation levels of more than 20% (range 20.2-57.5%). Hierarchical clustering of DNA samples on the heatmap shows their clear aggregation into separate clusters corresponding to RRMS patients in the stages of relapse and remission. CONCLUSION For the first time it was shown that during relapse and remission of RRMS there are differences in the DNA methylation profile that allow discrimination between these clinical stages. These data indicate the involvement of the epigenetic mechanism of DNA methylation in the activation of the pathological process in RRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Kiselev
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - O G Kulakova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - O A Baturina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine - Genomics Core Facility, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M R Kabilov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine - Genomics Core Facility, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A N Boyko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - O O Favorova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Ko W, Jung W, Jeon E, Suk HI. A Deep Generative-Discriminative Learning for Multimodal Representation in Imaging Genetics. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2022; 41:2348-2359. [PMID: 35344489 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2022.3162870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Imaging genetics, one of the foremost emerging topics in the medical imaging field, analyzes the inherent relations between neuroimaging and genetic data. As deep learning has gained widespread acceptance in many applications, pioneering studies employed deep learning frameworks for imaging genetics. However, existing approaches suffer from some limitations. First, they often adopt a simple strategy for joint learning of phenotypic and genotypic features. Second, their findings have not been extended to biomedical applications, e.g., degenerative brain disease diagnosis and cognitive score prediction. Finally, existing studies perform insufficient and inappropriate analyses from the perspective of data science and neuroscience. In this work, we propose a novel deep learning framework to simultaneously tackle the aforementioned issues. Our proposed framework learns to effectively represent the neuroimaging and the genetic data jointly, and achieves state-of-the-art performance when used for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment identification. Furthermore, unlike the existing methods, the framework enables learning the relation between imaging phenotypes and genotypes in a nonlinear way without any prior neuroscientific knowledge. To demonstrate the validity of our proposed framework, we conducted experiments on a publicly available dataset and analyzed the results from diverse perspectives. Based on our experimental results, we believe that the proposed framework has immense potential to provide new insights and perspectives in deep learning-based imaging genetics studies.
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Soliman HAN, Toso EA, Darwish IE, Ali SM, Kyba M. Antiapoptotic Protein FAIM2 is targeted by miR-3202, and DUX4 via TRIM21, leading to cell death and defective myogenesis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:405. [PMID: 35468884 PMCID: PMC9038730 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Inappropriate expression of DUX4, a transcription factor that induces cell death at high levels of expression and impairs myoblast differentiation at low levels of expression, leads to the development of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), however, the pathological mechanisms downstream of DUX4 responsible for muscle loss are poorly defined. We performed a screen of 1972 miR inhibitors for their ability to interfere with DUX4-induced cell death of human immortalized myoblasts. The most potent hit identified by the screen, miR-3202, is known to target the antiapoptotic protein FAIM2. Inhibition of miR-3202 led to the upregulation of FAIM2, and remarkably, expression of DUX4 led to reduced cellular levels of FAIM2. We show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase and DUX4 target gene, TRIM21, is responsible for FAIM2 degradation downstream of DUX4. Human myoblasts overexpressing FAIM2 showed increased resistance to DUX4-induced cell death, whereas in wild-type cells FAIM2 knockdown resulted in increased apoptosis and failure to differentiate into myotubes. The necessity of FAIM2 for myogenic differentiation of WT cells led us to test the effect of FAIM2 overexpression on the impairment of myogenesis by DUX4. Strikingly, FAIM2 overexpression rescued the myogenic differentiation defect caused by low-level expression of DUX4. These data implicate FAIM2 levels, modulated by DUX4 through TRIM21, as an important factor mediating the pathogenicity of DUX4, both in terms of cell viability and myogenic differentiation, and thereby open a new avenue of investigation towards drug targets in FSHD. ![]()
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Chen K, Yang LN, Lai C, Liu D, Zhu LQ. Role of Grina/Nmdara1 in the Central Nervous System Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 18:861-867. [PMID: 32124700 PMCID: PMC7569322 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200303104235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl-D-aspartate associated protein 1 (GRINA) is a member of the NMDA receptors (NMDARs) and is involved in several neurological diseases, which governs the key processes of neuronal cell death or the release of neurotransmitters. Upregulation of GRINA has been reported in multiple diseases in human beings, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia (SCZ), with which the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this review, we provide a general overview of the expression and physiological function of GRINA in the central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including stroke, depression, epilepsy, SCZ, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine,
Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liu Nan Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine,
Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan Lai
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science
and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science
and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine,
Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China,The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Karlsson L, Barbaro M, Ewing E, Gomez-Cabrero D, Lajic S. Genome-wide investigation of DNA methylation in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 201:105699. [PMID: 32428554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are at risk of long-term cognitive and metabolic sequelae with some of the effects being attributed to the chronic glucocorticoid treatment that they receive. Our pilot study investigates genome-wide DNA methylation in patients with CAH to determine whether there is preliminary evidence for epigenomic reprogramming as well as any relationship to patient outcome. Here, we analysed CD4 + T cell DNA from 28 patients with CAH (mean age = 18.5 ± 6.5 years [y]) and 37 population controls (mean age = 17.0 ± 6.1 y) with the Infinium-HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array to measure genome-wide locus-specific DNA methylation levels. Effects of CAH, phenotype and CYP21A2 genotype on methylation were investigated as well as the association between differentially methylated CpGs and glucose homeostasis, blood lipid profile, and cognitive functions. In addition, we report data on a small cohort of 11 patients (mean age = 19.1, ±6.0 y) with CAH who were treated prenatally with dexamethasone (DEX) in addition to postnatal glucocorticoid treatment. We identified two CpGs to be associated with patient phenotype: cg18486102 (located in the FAIM2 gene; rho = 0.58, adjusted p = 0.027) and cg02404636 (located in the SFI1 gene; rho = 0.58, adjusted p = 0.038). cg02404636 was also associated with genotype (rho = 0.59, adjusted p = 0.024). Higher levels of serum C-peptide was also observed in patients with CAH (p = 0.044). Additionally, levels of C-peptide and HbA1c were positively correlated with patient phenotype (p = 0.044 and p = 0.034) and genotype (p = 0.044 and p = 0.033), respectively. No significant association was found between FAIM2 methylation and cognitive or metabolic outcome. However, SFI1 TSS methylation was associated with fasting plasma HDL cholesterol levels (p = 0.035). In conclusion, in this pilot study, higher methylation levels in CpG sites covering FAIM2 and SFI1 were associated with disease severity. Hypermethylation in these genes may have implications for long-term cognitive and metabolic outcome in patients with CAH, although the data must be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size. Additional studies in larger cohorts are therefore warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leif Karlsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Paediatric Endocrinology Unit (QB83), Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michela Barbaro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases (CMMS L7:05), Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ewoud Ewing
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Gomez-Cabrero
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Endocrinology Unit (QB83), Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Svetlana Lajic
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Paediatric Endocrinology Unit (QB83), Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Chen Q, Lin G, Huang J, Chen L, Liu Y, Huang J, Zhang S, Lin Q. Inhibition of miR-193a-3p protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells against intermittent hypoxia-induced endothelial injury by targeting FAIM2. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:1899-1909. [PMID: 32003752 PMCID: PMC7053631 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The functions and molecular regulatory mechanisms of miR-193a-3p in cardiac injury induced by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the role of miR-193a-3p in intermittent hypoxia(IH)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) injury. RESULTS In this study, we found that IH significantly decreased viability but enhanced cell apoptosis. Concurrently, the miR-193a-3p expression level was increased in HUVECs after IH. Subsequent experiments showed that IH-induced injury was ameliorated through miR-193a-3p silence. Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 (FAIM2) was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and further identified as a direct target gene of miR-193a-3p. Interestingly, the effect of miR-193a-3p inhibition under IH could be reversed by down-regulating FAIM2 expression. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study first revealed that miR-193a-3p inhibition could protect HUVECs against intermittent hypoxia-induced damage by negatively regulating FAIM2. These findings could advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms for OSA-related cardiac injury. METHODS We exposed HUVECs to IH condition; the expression levels of miR-193a-3p were detected by RT-qPCR. Cell viability, and the expressions of apoptosis-associated proteins were examined via CCK-8, and western blotting, respectively. Target genes of miR-193a-3p were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshi Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Licheng 362000, Quanzhou, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Taijiang 350005, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guofu Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Taijiang 350005, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianchai Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Taijiang 350005, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lida Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Taijiang 350005, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiangcheng 363000, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Yibin Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Licheng 362000, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jiefeng Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Taijiang 350005, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Taijiang 350005, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qichang Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Taijiang 350005, Fuzhou, China
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10
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Stillman J, Martin A, Miguez MJ, McDaniel HR, Konefal J, Woolger JM, Lewis JE. Relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor and immune function during dietary supplement treatment of elderly with Alzheimer's dementia. J Clin Transl Res 2020; 5:68-75. [PMID: 32377581 PMCID: PMC7197050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationships among pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and mature BDNF and immune functioning during aloe polymannose multinutrient complex (APMC) treatment in persons with moderate to severe Alzheimer's dementia (AD). MATERIALS AND METHODS An open-label trial of 12 months was used to execute the study. Thirty-four adults with AD were enrolled and consumed four teaspoons/day of APMC for 12 months. Subjects were assessed at baseline and 12 months follow-up for proBDNF and BDNF and cytokines, growth factors, T-cell and B-cell subsets, and complete blood count to measure immune functioning. All biomarkers were intercorrelated. RESULTS Several relationships were identified between proBDNF, BDNF, and BDNF/proBDNF ratio and immune function at 12 months, particularly BDNF with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (r=0.55, P=0.03), epidermal growth factor (EGF) (r=0.74, P=0.001), and CD95+CD3+ (%) (r=-0.64, P=0.03) and proBDNF with VEGF (r=0.64, P=0.02), EGF (r=0.86, P<0.001), and CD16+56+ (%) (r=-0.78, P<0.01). Other correlations were noted for various immune function variables with BDNF, proBDNF, and/or BDNF/proBDNF ratio at baseline and 12 months. Dichotomizing subjects on BDNF above and below 5000 pg/mL revealed additional relationships with platelets and neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS The associations between BDNF and proBDNF and various immune markers, such as VEGF, EGF, and CD95+CD3+ ratio, provide insight into the link between neurological function and the immune system. These relationships were even stronger in response to APMC treatment, which lends support to previous findings showing improved immune function after dietary supplementation. RELEVANCE FOR PATIENTS AD patients have conventional treatment options with limited efficacy for counteracting the deleterious effects of the disease on neurological function. The link between neurological and immune function has been understudied in this population. Overall, our results showed a significant beneficial relationship between immune and neurological function, particularly in response to 12 months of treatment with an all-natural polysaccharide-based dietary supplement that is a known immunomodulator. Thus, the use of this dietary supplement may benefit these patients by simultaneously improving immune and neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Stillman
- 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miami, Florida
| | - Alicia Martin
- 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miami, Florida
| | - Maria-Jose Miguez
- 2Department of School of Integrated Science and Humanity, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - H. Reginald McDaniel
- 3Department of Fisher Institute for Medical Research, Grand Prairie, Texas, United States
| | - Janet Konefal
- 4Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Miami, Florida
| | - Judi M. Woolger
- 5Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - John E. Lewis
- 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miami, Florida,Corresponding author: John E. Lewis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite #1482A (D28), Miami, Florida 33136, United States. Phone: +1 305-243-6227.
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11
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Hong CJ, Yeon J, Yeo BK, Woo H, An HK, Heo W, Kim K, Yu SW. Fas-apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 localizes to the lysosome and facilitates autophagosome-lysosome fusion through the LC3 interaction region motif-dependent interaction with LC3. FASEB J 2020; 34:161-179. [PMID: 31914609 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901626r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fas-apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 (FAIM2) is a member of the transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif-containing (TMBIM) family. TMBIM family is comprised of six anti-apoptotic proteins that suppress cell death by regulating endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ homeostasis. Recent studies have implicated two TMBIM proteins, GRINA and BAX Inhibitor-1, in mediating cytoprotection via autophagy. However, whether FAIM2 plays a role in autophagy has been unknown. Here we show that FAIM2 localizes to the lysosomes at basal state and facilitates autophagy through interaction with microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 proteins in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. FAIM2 overexpression increased autophagy flux, while autophagy flux was impaired in shRNA-mediated knockdown (shFAIM2) cells, and the impairment was more evident in the presence of rapamycin. In shFAIM2 cells, autophagosome maturation through fusion with lysosomes was impaired, leading to accumulation of autophagosomes. A functional LC3-interacting region motif within FAIM2 was essential for the interaction with LC3 and rescue of autophagy flux in shFAIM2 cells while LC3-binding property of FAIM2 was dispensable for the anti-apoptotic function in response to Fas receptor-mediated apoptosis. Suppression of autophagosome maturation was also observed in a null mutant of Caenorhabditis elegans lacking xbx-6, the ortholog of FAIM2. Our study suggests that FAIM2 is a novel regulator of autophagy mediating autophagosome maturation through the interaction with LC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Jeeyeon Hong
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Yeon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyoung Yeo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanwoong Woo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyu An
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojung Heo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhyung Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Woon Yu
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
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12
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Habib P, Stamm AS, Zeyen T, Noristani R, Slowik A, Beyer C, Wilhelm T, Huber M, Komnig D, Schulz JB, Reich A. EPO regulates neuroprotective Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor-1 Motif-containing (TMBIM) family members GRINA and FAIM2 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Exp Neurol 2019; 320:112978. [PMID: 31211943 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.112978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor-1 Motif-containing (TMBIM) family members exert inhibitory activities in apoptosis and necroptosis. FAIM2 (TMBIM-2) is neuroprotective against murine focal ischemia and is regulated by erythropoietin (EPO). Similar to FAIM2, GRINA (TMBIM-3) is predominantly expressed in the brain. The role of GRINA in transient brain ischemia, its potential synergistic effects with FAIM2 and its regulation by EPO treatment were assessed. METHODS We performed transient (30 min) middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo) followed by 72 h of reperfusion in GRINA-deficient (GRINA-/-), FAIM2-deficient (FAIM2-/-), double-deficient (GRINA-/-FAIM2-/-) and wildtype littermates (WT) mice. We administered EPO or saline 0, 24 and 48 h after tMCAo. We subjected primary murine cortical neurons (pMCN) of all mouse strains to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) after GRINA and/or FAIM2 gene transfection. RESULTS Compared to wildtype controls GRINA deficiency led to a similar increase in infarct volumes as FAIM2 deficiency (p < .01). We observed the highest neurological deficits and largest infarct sizes in double-deficient mice. EPO administration upregulated GRINA and FAIM2 mRNA levels in wildtype littermates. EPO decreased infarct sizes and abrogated neurological impairments in wildtype controls. GRINA and/or FAIM2 deficient mice showed increased expression levels of cleaved-caspase 3 and of pro-apoptotic BAX mRNA. Further, caspase 8 was upregulated in FAIM2-/- and caspase 9 in GRINA-/- mice. Overexpression of GRINA and FAIM2 in wildtype and in double deficient pMCN decreased cell death rate after OGD. CONCLUSIONS GRINA and FAIM2 are highly expressed in the brain and convey EPO-mediated neuroprotection after ischemic stroke involving different caspases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardes Habib
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Ann-Sophie Stamm
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Zeyen
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rozina Noristani
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Slowik
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Cordian Beyer
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wilhelm
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Huber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Komnig
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jörg B Schulz
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; JARA-BRAIN Institute of Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Arno Reich
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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13
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Komnig D, Gertz K, Habib P, Nolte KW, Meyer T, Brockmann MA, Endres M, Rathkolb B, Hrabě de Angelis M, Schulz JB, Falkenburger BH, Reich A. Faim2 contributes to neuroprotection by erythropoietin in transient brain ischemia. J Neurochem 2018; 145:258-270. [PMID: 29315561 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Delayed cell death in the penumbra region of acute ischemic stroke occurs through apoptotic mechanisms, making it amenable to therapeutic interventions. Fas/CD95 mediates apoptotic cell death in response to external stimuli. In mature neurons, Fas/CD95 signaling is modulated by Fas-apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 (Faim2), which reduces cell death in animal models of stroke, meningitis, and Parkinson disease. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been studied as a therapeutic strategy in ischemic stroke. Erythropoietin stimulates the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathway, which regulates Faim2 expression. Therefore, up-regulation of Faim2 may contribute to neuroprotection by EPO. Male Faim2-deficient mice (Faim2-/- ) and wild-type littermates (WT) were subjected to 30 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) followed by 72 h of reperfusion. EPO was applied before (30 min) and after (24 and 48 h) MCAo. In WT mice application of EPO at a low dose (5000 U/kg) significantly reduced stroke volume, whereas treatment with high dose (90 000 U/kg) did not. In Faim2-/- animals administration of low-dose EPO did not result in a significant reduction in stroke volume. Faim2 expression as measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) increased after low-dose EPO but not with high dose. An extensive phenotyping including analysis of cerebral vessel architecture did not reveal confounding differences between the genotypes. In human post-mortem brain Faim2 displayed a differential expression in areas of penumbral ischemia. Faim2 up-regulation may contribute to the neuroprotective effects of low-dose erythropoietin in transient brain ischemia. The dose-dependency may explain mixed effects of erythropoietin observed in clinical stroke trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Komnig
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Karen Gertz
- Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pardes Habib
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kay W Nolte
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tareq Meyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marc A Brockmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Excellence Cluster NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Gene Center, Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, München, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | | | - Jörg B Schulz
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Björn H Falkenburger
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Arno Reich
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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14
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Komnig D, Schulz JB, Reich A, Falkenburger BH. Mice lacking Faim2 show increased cell death in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson disease. J Neurochem 2016; 139:848-857. [PMID: 27638043 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The death receptor Fas/CD95 mediates apoptotic cell death in response to external stimuli. In neurons, Fas-induced apoptosis is prevented by Fas-apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 (Faim2). Mice lacking Faim2 showed increased neurodegeneration in animal models of stroke and bacterial meningitis. We therefore tested the relevance of Faim2 in a classical animal model of Parkinson disease and determined the toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in Faim2-deficient mice. Without MPTP treatment, there was no difference in the dopaminergic system between Faim2-deficient mice and control mice. MPTP was applied i.p. in doses of 30 mg per kg on five consecutive days. Fourteen days after the last MPTP injection, the number of dopaminergic neurons in the lateral substantia nigra, assayed by stereological counting, was reduced by 39% in control mice and 53% in Faim2-deficient mice. The density of dopaminergic fibers in the dorsal striatum was reduced by 36% in control mice and 69% in Faim2-deficient mice, in the ventral striatum 44% in control mice and 76% in Faim2-deficient mice. Fiber density recovered at 90 days after MPTP with similar density in both groups. Striatal catecholamine levels were reduced by 81-84% in both groups and recovered at 90 days. Faim2 expression was documented in mouse midbrain using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and found decreased after MPTP administration. Taken together, our findings demonstrate increased degeneration of dopaminergic neurons with Faim2 deficiency, indicating that Fas-induced apoptosis contributes to cell death in the MPTP mouse model. Along with the decreased expression of Faim2 after MPTP, this finding indicates that boosting Faim2 function might represent a therapeutic strategy for Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Komnig
- Department of Neurology, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jörg B Schulz
- Department of Neurology, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Arno Reich
- Department of Neurology, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Björn H Falkenburger
- Department of Neurology, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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15
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Planells-Ferrer L, Urresti J, Coccia E, Galenkamp KMO, Calleja-Yagüe I, López-Soriano J, Carriba P, Barneda-Zahonero B, Segura MF, Comella JX. Fas apoptosis inhibitory molecules: more than death-receptor antagonists in the nervous system. J Neurochem 2016; 139:11-21. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Planells-Ferrer
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group; Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron (VHIR); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neurociències; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Jorge Urresti
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group; Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron (VHIR); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neurociències; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Elena Coccia
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group; Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron (VHIR); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neurociències; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Koen M. O. Galenkamp
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group; Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron (VHIR); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neurociències; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Isabel Calleja-Yagüe
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group; Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron (VHIR); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neurociències; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Joaquín López-Soriano
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group; Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron (VHIR); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neurociències; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Paulina Carriba
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group; Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron (VHIR); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neurociències; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Bruna Barneda-Zahonero
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group; Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron (VHIR); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neurociències; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Miguel F. Segura
- Group of Translational Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer; Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron (VHIR); Barcelona Spain
| | - Joan X. Comella
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group; Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron (VHIR); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neurociències; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
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16
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Nau R, Djukic M, Spreer A, Ribes S, Eiffert H. Bacterial meningitis: an update of new treatment options. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2015; 13:1401-23. [DOI: 10.1586/14787210.2015.1077700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Liechti FD, Grandgirard D, Leib SL. Bacterial meningitis: insights into pathogenesis and evaluation of new treatment options: a perspective from experimental studies. Future Microbiol 2015; 10:1195-213. [PMID: 26119836 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.15.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial meningitis is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Bacterial components induce an overshooting inflammatory reaction, eventually leading to brain damage. Pathological correlates of neurofunctional deficits include cortical necrosis, damage of the inner ear and hippocampal apoptosis. The hippocampal dentate gyrus is important for memory acquisition and harbors a neuronal stem cell niche, thus being potentially well equipped for regeneration. Adjuvant therapies aimed at decreasing the inflammatory reaction, for example, dexamethasone, and those protecting the brain from injury have been evaluated in animal models of the disease. They include nonbacteriolytic antibiotics (e.g., daptomycin), metalloproteinase inhibitors and modulators of the immunological response, for example, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Increasing research interest has recently been focused on interventions aimed at supporting regenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian D Liechti
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstr. 51, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Denis Grandgirard
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstr. 51, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephen L Leib
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstr. 51, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.,Biology Division, Spiez Laboratory, Swiss Federal Office for Civil Protection, Austrasse, CH-3700 Spiez, Switzerland
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18
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Chen X, Wang Y, Wang Z, Yan R, Liu J, Meng X, Li Y, Wang J, Wang J. B7 homolog 3 aggravates brain injury in a murine model of Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced meningitis. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1984-1990. [PMID: 26136926 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the application of antibiotics, Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP)-induced meningitis continues to be a life-threatening disease with a high fatality rate and an elevated risk of serious neurological sequelae, particularly in developing countries. In this study, the contribution of the co-stimulatory molecule B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) to the pathogenesis of experimental SP-induced meningitis was investigated. Mice were challenged with the intracerebroventricular injection of serotype 3 SP with or without B7-H3. The clinical status of mice with SP-induced meningitis was examined by body weight loss and spontaneous motor activity with neurological scoring. Coronal brain sections were analyzed by counting Nissl-positive neurons and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells. Protein expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B in brain tissues was examined with immunohistochemical staining. All experiments were performed in a randomized and blinded setting. By the intracerebroventricular injection of SP suspension, a murine model of pneumococcal meningitis was successfully established. In this SP-induced meningitis model, B7-H3 deteriorated the clinical status, as manifested by a decreased neurological score and increased body weight loss. Following the B7-H3 challenge, the number of Nissl-positive cells decreased and TUNEL-stained positive cells increased in the brain tissues of mice with SP meningitis, which demonstrates the enhancement of neuronal necrosis and apoptosis, respectively. Protein expression of NSE was decreased, while that of S100B was increased. These in vivo findings indicate that B7-H3 aggravates brain injury during the pathological process of experimental SP-induced meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China ; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Zhedong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Ruhong Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Xiangying Meng
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Jianghuai Wang
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
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