1
|
Schuwerk L, Ulianytska A, Baumgärtner W, Reineking W. Melan-A immunolabeling in canine extramedullary plasmacytomas. Vet Pathol 2024:3009858241246979. [PMID: 38642035 DOI: 10.1177/03009858241246979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Histologic diagnosis of less well-differentiated cases of canine extramedullary plasmacytomas (CEMPs) may require immunohistochemical confirmation to discriminate these tumors from other round cells tumors including lymphoma, cutaneous histiocytoma, and amelanotic melanomas. CEMPs are characterized by widespread immunoreactivity for multiple myeloma 1 (MUM1) antigen and λ light chains, while the melanocytic marker melan-A has been reported to yield negative results. Here, 33 randomly selected CEMPs, 20 melanocytomas, and 20 malignant melanomas were immunohistochemically tested for MUM1, melan-A, and PNL2. In addition, CEMPs were examined for PAX5, E-cadherin, CD3, CD18, CD20, S100, as well as λ and κ light chain immunoreactivity. All CEMPs were characterized by labeling for MUM1 and λ light chain, as well as variable immunopositivity for the remaining antibodies. Notably, 13 cases of CEMPs (39.4%) exhibited immunolabeling for melan-A. Melanocytic tumors immunolabeled for melan-A (40/40; 100%) and PNL2 (34/40; 85%). An unexpected cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for MUM1 was observed in 2 melanocytic tumors. Summarized, MUM1 or melan-A immunomarkers alone are not sufficient to differentiate between CEMPs and amelanotic melanomas and should be part of a larger immunopanel including λ light chain, CD20, and PNL2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schuwerk
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang J, Wu Z, Huang Y, Jin L, Xu J, Yao Z, Ouyang X, Zhou Z, Mao S, Cao J, Lai B, Shen W. IRF4 induces M1 macrophage polarization and aggravates ulcerative colitis progression by the Bcl6-dependent STAT3 pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2390-2404. [PMID: 38164749 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic chronic intestinal inflammation. An increasing body of evidence shows that macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of UC. Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is crucial for the development of autoimmune diseases via regulating immune cells. This research was designed to explore the function of IRF4 in UC and its association with macrophage polarization. The in vitro model of UC was established by stimulating colonic epithelial cells with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). A mouse model of UC was constructed by injecting C57BL/6 mice with dextran sulfate sodium salt. Flow cytometry was used to assess percentage of CD11b+ CD86+ and CD11b+ CD206+ cells in bone marrow macrophages. Occult blood tests were used to detect hematochezia. Hematoxylin and eosin staining assay was used to assess colon pathological changes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. The interaction of IRF4 and B-cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6) was confirmed using GST pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation assays. Our findings revealed that IRF4 promoted cell apoptosis and stimulated M1 macrophage polarization in vitro. Furthermore, IRF4 aggravated symptoms of the mouse model of UC and aggravated M1 macrophage polarization in vivo. IRF4 negatively regulated Bcl6 expression. Downregulation of Bcl6 promoted apoptosis and M1 macrophage polarization in the presence of IRF4 in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, Bcl6 positively mediated the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. In conclusion, IRF4 aggravated UC progression through promoting M1 macrophage polarization via Bcl6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. These findings suggested that IRF4 might be a good target to competitively inhibit or to treat with UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhao Wu
- Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yulin Huang
- Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jinyi Xu
- Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiyi Yao
- Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xi Ouyang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shengxun Mao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiaqing Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Lai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Amano S, Yoshikawa T, Ito C, Mabuchi I, Kikuchi K, Ooguri M, Yasuda C. Prediction and association analyses of skin phenotypes in Japanese females using genetic, environmental, and physical features. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13231. [PMID: 36437544 PMCID: PMC9838785 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin characteristics show great variation from person to person and are affected by multiple factors, including genetic, environmental, and physical factors, but details of the involvement and contributions of these factors remain unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to characterize genetic, environmental, and physical factors affecting 16 skin features by developing models to predict personal skin characteristics. METHODS We analyzed the associations of skin phenotypes with genetic, environmental, and physical features in 1472 Japanese females aged 20-80 years. We focused on 16 skin characteristics, including melanin, brightness/lightness, yellowness, pigmented spots, wrinkles, resilience, moisture, barrier function, texture, and sebum amount. As genetic factors, we selected 74 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of genes related to skin color, vitamin level, hormones, circulation, extracellular matrix (ECM) components and ECM-degrading enzymes, inflammation, and antioxidants. Histories of ultraviolet (UV) exposure and smoking as environmental factors and age, height, and weight as physical factors were acquired by means of a questionnaire. RESULTS A linear association with age was prominent for increase in the area of crow's feet, increase in number of pigmented spots, decrease in forehead sebum, and increase in VISIA wrinkle parameters. Associations were analyzed by constructing linear regression models for skin feature changes and logistic regression models to predict whether subjects show lower or higher skin measurement values in the same age groups. Multiple genetic factors, history of UV exposure and smoking, and body mass index were statistically selected for each skin characteristic. The most important association found for skin spots, such as lentigines and wrinkles, was adolescent sun exposure. CONCLUSION Genetic, environmental, and physical factors associated with interindividual differences of the selected skin features were identified. The developed models should be useful to predict the skin characteristics of individuals and their age-related changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Amano
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshikawa
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ito
- DYNACOM Co. Ltd., World Business Garden, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ikumi Mabuchi
- DYNACOM Co. Ltd., World Business Garden, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kikuchi
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motoki Ooguri
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chie Yasuda
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Santisteban-Espejo A, Bernal-Florindo I, Perez-Requena J, Atienza-Cuevas L, Catalina-Fernandez I, Fernandez-Valle MDC, Romero-Garcia R, Garcia-Rojo M. Identification of prognostic factors in classic Hodgkin lymphoma by integrating whole slide imaging and next generation sequencing. Mol Omics 2022; 18:1015-1028. [PMID: 36382626 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00195k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Digital pathology and genomics are increasingly used to improve our understanding of lymphoid neoplasms. Algorithms for quantifying cell populations in the lymph node and genetics can be integrated to identify new biomarkers with prognostic impact in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). In 16 cHL patients, we have performed whole slide imaging (WSI) analysis and quantification of CD30+, CD20+, CD3+ and MUM1+ cells in whole tissue slides, and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue, using a widely used NSG panel (Oncomine® Focus Assay) to define genetic variants underlying tumor development. The different cell populations could be successfully identified in scanned slides of cHL, supporting the inclusion of WSI in the histopathological evaluation of cHL as an adequate method for the quantification of different cell populations. We also performed genetic profiling in FFPE samples of cHL leading to the identification of copy number variations in the Neurofibromin 1 gene (17q11.2) and the Androgen Receptor gene (Xq12) accompanied by chromosomal gains and losses in CDK4, KRAS and FGFR2 genes. Progression-free survival (PFS) was statistically significantly higher in cHL patients with amplification in the NF1 gene combined with CD3+ cells above 28.6% (p = 0.006) and MUM1+ cells above 21.8% (p < 0.001). Moreover, patients with MUM1+ cells above 21.8% showed a statistically significantly higher PFS when combined with amplification of the AR gene (p < 0.001) and wild-type KRAS (p < 0.001). The integration of WSI analysis and DNA sequencing could be useful to improve our understanding of the biology of cHL and define risk subgroups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Santisteban-Espejo
- Pathology Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Av. Ana de Viya, 21. 11009, Cadiz, Spain. .,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Irene Bernal-Florindo
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain.,Pathology Department, Jerez de la Frontera University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Jose Perez-Requena
- Pathology Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Av. Ana de Viya, 21. 11009, Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Lidia Atienza-Cuevas
- Pathology Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Av. Ana de Viya, 21. 11009, Cadiz, Spain.
| | | | | | - Raquel Romero-Garcia
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Marcial Garcia-Rojo
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain.,Pathology Department, Jerez de la Frontera University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao Q, Chen X, Cherian S, Roshal M. Mature B‐ and plasma‐cell flow cytometric analysis: A review of the impact of targeted therapy. CYTOMETRY PART B: CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2022; 104:224-242. [PMID: 36321879 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.22097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Flow cytometry has been indispensable in diagnosing B cell lymphoma and plasma cell neoplasms. The advances in novel multicolor flow cytometry have also made this technology a robust tool for monitoring minimal/measurable residual disease in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. However, challenges using conventional gating strategies to isolate neoplastic B or plasma cells are emerging due to the rapidly increasing number of antibody therapeutics targeting single or multiple classic B/plasma cell-lineage markers, such as CD19, CD20, and CD22 in B cells and CD38 in plasma cells. This review is the first of a two-part series that summarizes the most current targeted therapies used in B and plasma cell neoplasms and proposes detailed alternative approaches to overcome post-targeted therapy analysis challenges by flow cytometry. The second review in this series (Chen et al.) focuses on challenges encountered in the use of targeted therapy in precursor B cell neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gao
- Hematopathology Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York New York USA
| | - Xueyan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Sindu Cherian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Mikhail Roshal
- Hematopathology Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York New York USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yin Y, Wu S, Niu L, Huang S. A ZFP42/MARK2 regulatory network reduces the damage of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma: a study based on GEO dataset and in vitro experiments. Apoptosis 2022; 27:1049-1059. [PMID: 36131186 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a common disorder in which the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) results in a progressive loss of sight, even blindness. This study was performed to reveal the key molecular mechanism of RGC damage in glaucoma based on the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Glaucoma-related microarray datasets were identified, followed by collection of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with the key genes discovered by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Through LASSO regression analysis, candidate genes involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma were identified with their accuracy evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The glaucoma-specific transcriptional regulatory network was constructed to determine the key transcription factor regulatory axis. Then, in vitro cell models were established using H2O2 for further verifying the regulatory role of identified ZFP42/MARK2 axis in RGC damage in glaucoma. Differential analysis of GSE27276, GSE45570, and GSE101727 microarray datasets yielded 165 DEGs, and 22 key genes were identified following. Then, 9 candidate genes involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma was collected and the key ZFP42/MARK2 regulatory axis was found. In vitro cell experiments further confirmed that ZFP42 and MARK2 were down-regulated in RGCs treated with H2O2. In addition, overexpression of ZFP42 increased the expression of MARK2 to increase RGC cell viability, and reduce cell apoptosis and ROS levels, while silencing MARK2 could reverse the protective effect of ZFP42. We confirmed that ZFP42 reduced the damage of RGCs in glaucoma by up-regulating the expression of MARK2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130042, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130042, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhi Niu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwei Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130042, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun L, Miao Y, Wang Z, Chen H, Dong P, Zhang H, Wu L, Jiang M, Chen L, Yang W, Lin P, Jing D, Luo Z, Zhang Y, Jung Y, Wu X, Qian Y, Wu Y. Structural insight into African Swine Fever Virus I73R protein reveals it as a Z‐DNA binding protein. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:e1923-e1935. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Sun
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation College of Life Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Yurun Miao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing Jiangsu China
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center Qingdao China
| | - Huan Chen
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Panpan Dong
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation College of Life Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation College of Life Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Linjiao Wu
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation College of Life Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Meiqin Jiang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation College of Life Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Lifei Chen
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation College of Life Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Wendi Yang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation College of Life Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Pingdong Lin
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation College of Life Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Dingding Jing
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation College of Life Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Zhipu Luo
- Institute of Molecular Enzymology School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu China
| | | | - Yong‐Sam Jung
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center Qingdao China
| | - Yingjuan Qian
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Agri‐animal Husbandry Vocational College Veterinary Bio‐pharmaceutical Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High‐Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals Taizhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yunkun Wu
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation College of Life Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Antognoni MT, Misia AL, Brachelente C, Mechelli L, Paolini A, Miglio A. Non Epitheliotropic B-Cell Lymphoma with Plasmablastic Differentiation vs. Cutaneous Plasmacytosis in a 12-Years-Old Beagle: Case Presentation and Clinical Review. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8120317. [PMID: 34941844 PMCID: PMC8707514 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8120317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous lymphoid neoplasms and cutaneous plasmacytosis are rare in the dog; in human and in veterinary medicine, these have many clinical, cytological, histological, and phenotypic similarities, and a diagnosis of certainty is not easy. The aim of this study is to describe a case of cutaneous non epitheliotropic B-cell lymphoma (CNEBL) with plasmablastic differentiation vs. multiple cutaneous plasmacytosis (CP) in a dog, since the scarce bibliographic data on these topics. A 12-year-old male Beagle dog was presented for multiple, nodular, cutaneous, and subcutaneous, indolent masses disseminated on the whole body. Cytological, histological, flow cytometric, and immunohistochemical examinations, as well as complete radiographic evaluation, echocardiography, and abdominal ultrasound were performed. Cytology, histopathology, flow cytometric, and immunohistochemical examination, performed on the skin lesions, revealed a B-cell phenotype with plasmablastic differentiation. Nevertheless, a final diagnosis could not be achieved and it was categorized as a case of borderline CNEBL with plasmablastic differentiation versus CP. The dog was treated with a COP chemotherapeutic protocol. Total remission was obtained and relapse occurred 120 days later. To our knowledge, specific markers are actually unavailable to certainly differentiate CNEBL and CP in the dog and future studies are needed to improve knowledge on these pathologies in veterinary medicine, since prognosis and therapy are different.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Antognoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06124 Perugia, Italy; (M.T.A.); (C.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Ambra Lisa Misia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06124 Perugia, Italy; (M.T.A.); (C.B.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Chiara Brachelente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06124 Perugia, Italy; (M.T.A.); (C.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Luca Mechelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06124 Perugia, Italy; (M.T.A.); (C.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Andrea Paolini
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Arianna Miglio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06124 Perugia, Italy; (M.T.A.); (C.B.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.M.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dong L, Yang X, Wang Y, Jin Y, Zhou Q, Chen G, Han S. Key Markers Involved in the Anticolon Cancer Response of CD8+ T Cells through the Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:9398661. [PMID: 34858500 PMCID: PMC8632400 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9398661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cell-mediated antitumor immune response is the basis of colorectal cancer (CRC) immunotherapy. Cholesterol plays an important role in T cell signal transduction and function. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) plays a major role in cholesterol metabolism. OBJECTIVE To screen and analyze key markers involved in the anticolon cancer response of CD8+ T cells through the regulation of cholesterol metabolism. METHODS Based on the median cutoff of the expression value of APOE according to the data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus database, patients were grouped into low and high expression groups. Differences in clinical factors were assessed, and survival analysis was performed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the high and low expression groups were screened, followed by the analysis of differences in tumor-infiltrating immune cells and weighted gene coexpression network analysis results. The closely related genes to APOE were identified, followed by enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and differential expression analysis. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was used to detect the expression of CD8 in CRC tissues. RESULTS There were significant differences in prognosis and pathologic_N between the APOE low and high expression groups. A total of 2,349 DEGs between the high and low expression groups were selected. A total of 967 genes were obtained from the blue and brown modules. The probability of distribution of CD8+ T cells differed significantly between the two groups, and 320 closely related DEGs of APOE were screened. Genes including the HLA gene family, B2M, IRF4, and STAT5A had a higher degree in the PPI network. GEO datasets verified the prognosis and the related DEGs of APOE. IHC staining verified the relationship between the distribution of CD8+ T cells and APOE expression. CONCLUSION Genes including the HLA gene family, B2M, IRF4, and STAT5A might be the key genes involved in the anticolon cancer response of CD8+ T cells through the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Sanhuan North Road No. 1558, Wuxing District, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Intervention and Radiotherapy, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangyanqiu Wang
- Graduate School of Medical College of Zhejiang University, Kaixuan Road No. 268, Jianggan District, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Sanhuan North Road No.1558, Wuxing District, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Undergraduate School of Clinic Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuwen Han
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Naik A, Dalpatraj N, Thakur N. Global Histone H3 Lysine 4 Trimethylation (H3K4me3) Landscape Changes in Response to TGFβ. Epigenet Insights 2021; 14:25168657211051755. [PMID: 34671716 PMCID: PMC8521735 DOI: 10.1177/25168657211051755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
TGFβ expression acts as a biomarker of poor prognosis in prostate cancer. It plays a dual functional role in prostate cancer. In the early stages of the tumor, it acts as a tumor suppressor while at the later stages of tumor development, it promotes metastasis. The molecular mechanisms of action of TGFβ are largely understood through the canonical and non-canonical signal transduction pathways. Our understanding of the mechanisms that establish transient TGFβ stimulation into stable gene expression patterns remains incomplete. Epigenetic marks like histone H3 modifications are directly linked with gene expression and they play an important role in tumorigenesis. In this report, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-Seq) to identify the genome-wide regions that undergo changes in histone H3 Lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) occupancy in response to TGFβ stimulation. We also show that TGFβ stimulation can induce acute epigenetic changes through the modulation of H3K4me3 signals at genes belonging to special functional categories in prostate cancer. TGFβ induces the H3K4me3 on its own ligands like TGFβ, GDF1, INHBB, GDF3, GDF6, BMP5 suggesting a positive feedback loop. The majority of genes were found to be involved in the positive regulation of transcription from the RNA polymerase II promoter in response to TGFβ. Other functional categories were intracellular protein transport, brain development, EMT, angiogenesis, antigen processing, antigen presentation via MHC class II, lipid transport, embryo development, histone H4 acetylation, positive regulation of cell cycle arrest, and genes involved in mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoints. Our results link TGFβ stimulation to acute changes in gene expression through an epigenetic mechanism. These findings have broader implications on epigenetic bases of acute gene expression changes caused by growth factor stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Naik
- Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Nidhi Dalpatraj
- Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Noopur Thakur
- Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Boylan KE, Patrey S, McMullen PD, Tesic V, Weber CR, Hart J, Setia N. Objective Visual Analog Scale for Biopsy Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Clinical Practice. Am J Surg Pathol 2021; 45:672-679. [PMID: 33534221 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Historic and current pathology society guidelines recommend using visual gestalt to identify substantial inflammatory cell infiltrate in Helicobacter pylori gastritis, but these scales were subjectively designed. This study aims to objectively investigate the density of inflammation that justifies additional workup for H. pylori infection. We retrospectively identified 2 patient cohorts who had undergone endoscopy with gastric biopsies; 1 with H. pylori infection (n=66), confirmed with a positive stool antigen test and/or Campylobacter-like organism test, and 1 without infection (n=81). Antral and body biopsies were selected from each case, if available, and stained with MUM-1 to highlight mucosal plasma cells. Digital analysis was performed to calculate the number of plasma cells/mm2, termed the "inflammatory score" (IS). Patients with H. pylori infection had an average of 1289 plasma cells/mm2 in the antrum and 835 plasma cells/mm2 in the body, compared with 346 plasma cells/mm2 in the antrum and 178 plasma cells/mm2 in the body in patients without infection. IS cut-off values for a positive infection were 714 plasma cells/mm2 in the antrum and 316 plasma cells/mm2 in the body, with high sensitivities and specificities in both the antrum (92%, 92%) and body (85%, 84%), respectively. A visual analog scale was created to provide a histologic correlate of the observed IS ranges and cut-offs. This practical and objective scale is associated with a high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing H. pylori infection and justifies moving away from upfront universal H. pylori testing in routine clinical practice.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang Z, Chen X, Tian Y, Li F, Zhao X, Liu J, Yao C, Zhang Y. Point mutation in CD19 facilitates immune escape of B cell lymphoma from CAR-T cell therapy. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:jitc-2020-001150. [PMID: 33023981 PMCID: PMC7539592 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor relapse due to mutation in CD19 can hinder the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy. Herein, we focused on lymphoma patients whose B cells exhibited a point mutation in CD19 of B cells after CAR-T cell infusion. METHODS The CAR-T and CD19+ B cells from peripheral blood or bone marrow were assessed using flow cytometry. Genome sequencing was conducted to identify the molecular characteristics of CAR-T and CD19+ B cells from pre-relapse and postrelapse samples. CD19 in CARs comprising single chain fragments variable (scFV) antibody with FMC63 or 21D4 was constructed. The cytotoxic efficacy of CAR-T cells was also evaluated via in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS A patient with high-grade B cell lymphoma exhibited complete response, but the lymphoma relapsed in her left breast at 6 months after CD19 CAR (FMC63)-T cell infusion. A mutation was found in exon 3 of CD19 (p.163. R-L) in malignant B cells of the patient. In two lymphoma patients who exhibited resistance to CAR-T cell therapy, a mutation was detected in exon 3 of CD19 (p.174. L-V). Functional analysis revealed that FMC63 CAR-T cells exhibited antitumor ability against wild-type CD19+ cells but were unable to eradicate these two types of mutated CD19+ cells. Interestingly, 21D4 CAR-T cells were potentially capable of eradicating these mutated CD19+ cells and exhibiting high antitumor capacity against CD19+ cells with loss of exon 1, 2, or 3. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that point mutation can facilitate immune escape from CAR-T cell therapy and that alternative CAR-T cells can effectively eradicate the mutated B cells, providing an individualized therapeutic approach for lymphoma patients showing relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinfeng Chen
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yonggui Tian
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinyan Liu
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chang Yao
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim HO, Kim JS, Kim SO, Chae SY, Oh SJ, Seo M, Lee SH, Oh JS, Ryu JS, Huh JR, Kim JH. Clinicopathological characteristics of primary central nervous system lymphoma with low 18F-fludeoxyglucose uptake on brain positron emission tomography. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20140. [PMID: 32443328 PMCID: PMC7254841 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) typically shows a strong uptake of F-fludeoxyglucose (FDG) imaged by positron emission tomography (PET). Uncommonly, PCNSL demonstrates a low uptake on FDG PET. We investigated the clinicopathological characteristics of the unusual cases of PCNSL with low FDG uptake.We retrospectively enrolled 104 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed PCNSL who underwent baseline brain FDG PET. The degree of FDG uptake of PCNSL was visually scored by 4 grades (0, ≤contralateral white matter; 1, >contralateral white matter and <contralateral gray matter; 2, = contralateral gray matter; 3, >contralateral gray matter). Grades 0-2 were considered as PCNSL with low uptake. We investigated association of low uptake of PCNSL with the following clinicopathological factors: age, sex, steroid treatment, lactate dehydrogenase level, cerebrospinal fluid protein level, condition of PET scanning, immunohistochemical markers (cluster of differentiation 10 [CD10], B-cell lymphoma 6 [BCL-6], B-cell lymphoma 2 [BCL-2], multiple myeloma oncogene 1 [MUM1], Epstein-Barr virus [EBV] protein, and Ki67), location of lesions, tumor size, multiplicity of lesions, involvement of deep brain structures, and cystic or necrotic appearance of lesions.Of the 104 patients with PCNSL, 14 patients (13.5%) showed PCNSL with low FDG uptake on PET. Among various clinicopathological factors, MUM1 negativity was the only factor associated with low FDG uptake PCNSL by univariate (P = .002) and multivariate analysis (P = .007).This study suggests that the different clinicopathological characteristics between patients with high uptake and low uptake of PCNSL on FDG PET is closely associated with lack of MUM1, a protein known to be a crucial regulator of B-cell development and tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ok Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University
| | | | - Seon-Ok Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | | | | | - Minjung Seo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital
| | - Suk Hyun Lee
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Q, Zhang C, Ma JX, Ren H, Sun Y, Xu JZ. Circular RNA PIP5K1A promotes colon cancer development through inhibiting miR-1273a. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:5300-5309. [PMID: 31558874 PMCID: PMC6761237 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i35.5300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are considered to be highly stable due to the closed structure, which are predominately correlated with the development and progression of a wide variety of cancers. Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. A recent study demonstrated the upregulated expression of circPIP5K1A in non-small cell lung cancer. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between circ_0014130 level and colon cancer. Therefore, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of circPIP5K1A’s role may help with the identification of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for colon cancer.
AIM To investigate the status of circPIP5K1A in colon cancers and its effects on the modulation of cancer development.
METHODS The expression level of circPIP5K1A in tissue and serum samples from colon cancer patients, as well as human colonic cancer cell lines was detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Following the transfection of specifically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA) into colon cell lines, we used Hoechst staining assay to measure the ratio of cell death in the absence of circPIP5K1A. Moreover, we also used the Transwell assay to assess the migratory function of colon cells overexpressing circPIP5K1A. Additionally, we employed a series of bioinformatics prediction programs to predict the potential of circPIP5K1A-targeted miRNAs and mRNAs. The miR-1273a vector was constructed, and then transfected with or without circPIP5K1A vector into colon cancer cells. Afterwards, the expression of activator protein 1 (AP-1), interferon regulating factor 4 (IRF-4), caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX-2), and zinc finger of the cerebellum 1 (Zic-1) was detected by western blotting.
RESULTS CircPIP5K1A was significantly upregulated in colon cancer tissue relative to their adjacent normal tissues. Knockdown of circPIP5K1A in colon cancer cells impaired cell viability and suppressed cell invasion and migration, while enforced expression of circPIP5K1A exhibited the opposite effects on cell migration. Bioinformatics prediction program predicted that the association of circPIP5K1A with miR-1273a, as well as AP-1, IRF-4, CDX-2, and Zic-1. Subsequent studies showed that overexpression of circPIP5K1A augmented the expression of AP-1 but attenuated the expression of IRF-4, CDX-2, and Zic-1. Reciprocally, overexpression of miR-1273a abrogated the oncogenic function of circPIP5K1A in colon cancers.
CONCLUSION Overall, our data demonstrate the oncogenic role of circPIP5K1A-miR-1273a axis in regulation of colon cancer development, which provides a novel insights into colon cancer pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qu Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Xin Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Municipal Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang 222042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Chest Medicine, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wanbei Coal-Electricity Group General Hospital, Suzhou 234000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiao-Zhen Xu
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang K, Ge L, Dong S, Liu Y, Wang D, Zhou C, Ma C, Wang Y, Su F, Jiang Y. Global miRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA Transcriptome Profiling of Endometrial Epithelial Cells Reveals Genes Related to Porcine Reproductive Failure Caused by Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1221. [PMID: 31231376 PMCID: PMC6559286 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can cause respiratory disease and reproductive failure in pregnant pigs. Previous transcriptome analyses in susceptive cells have mainly concentrated on pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) and Marc-145 cells, and on the respiratory system. Some studies reported that apoptosis of placental cells and pig endometrial epithelial cells (PECs) is an obvious sign linked to reproductive failure in pregnant sows, but the mechanism is still unknown. In this study, Sn-positive PECs were isolated and apoptosis rates were assessed by flow cytometry. PRRSV-infected PECs exhibited apoptosis, indicative of their susceptibility to PRRSV. Subsequently, the whole transcriptome was compared between mock- and PRRSV-infected PECs and 54 differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRNAs), 104 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 22 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), and 109 isoforms were obtained, which were mainly enriched in apoptosis, necroptosis, and p53 signal pathways. Integration analysis of DEmiRNA and DEG profiles revealed two microRNAs (ssc-miR-339-5p and ssc-miR-181d-5p) and five genes (SLA-DQB1, THBS1, SLC3A1, ZFP37, and LOC100517161) participating in the apoptosis signal, of which THBS1 and SLC3A1 were mainly linked to the p53 pathway. Integration analysis of DEGs with DElncRNA profiles identified genes involved in apoptosis signal pathway are regulated by LTCONS_00010766 and LTCONS_00045988. Pathway enrichment revealed that the phagosome and p53 pathways are the two main signals causing apoptosis of PECs, and functional analysis revealed a role of miR-339-5p in regulating apoptosis of PECs after PRRSV inoculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Lijiang Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Shasha Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Chunyan Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Cai Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yanchao Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Feng Su
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yunliang Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Qi X, Gui X, Zhuang K. Establishment and characterization of HBV-associated B lymphocytes with an immortalization potential. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217161. [PMID: 31120924 PMCID: PMC6533042 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidences indicate that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the mechanisms of HBV-induction lymphomagenesis remain unclear. In this report, retrospective analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among NHL cases demonstrated significantly higher HBsAg carrier rate among B-cell NHL cases than controls (other cancers except primary liver cancer) (adjusted odds ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–2.16). Furthermore, cells with an immortalization potential existed in the peripheral blood of 4 patients with chronic HBV infection. Characterization of these cells showed their immunophenotypes similar to that of the majority of HBsAg-positive B-cell NHL patients. Immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements confirmed the clonal Ig gene rearrangements. Cytogenetic analysis revealed abnormal karyotypes of these cells with an immortalization potential. Compared with cells with an immortalization potential that we previously found in B-cell NHL patients by the same way, these cells showed many similar features. In conclusion, cells with an immortalization potential existed in the part of patients with chronic HBV infection before lymphoma development and showed some malignant features. They may be the cellular basis of HBV-associated lymphomagenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Qi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
| | - Xien Gui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Ke Zhuang
- ABSL-III Laboratory at the Center for Animal Experiment, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Thompson KG, Marchitto MC, Ly BCK, Chien AL. Evaluation of Physiological, Psychological, and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Premature Hair Graying. Int J Trichology 2019; 11:153-158. [PMID: 31523106 PMCID: PMC6706993 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_43_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Canities, or hair graying, is believed to be driven by the cytotoxic effect of reactive oxygen species on follicular melanocytes, thus raising the concern that premature hair graying (PHG) may represent an outward sign of systemic oxidative stress. Objective: This study aimed to identify the physiological, psychological, and lifestyle factors associated with PHG (defined as graying at age ≤30 years) in men and women. Materials and Methods: Data from 467 participants (female = 354 and male = 113; age: 18–77 years) were collected and analyzed, including demographic information, medical history, family history, supplement intake, and lifestyle factors. Results: PHG was found to be significantly associated with a history of PHG in the mother, P<0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 3.165; father, P<0.001, OR = 5.166; maternal grandparent, P= 0.002, OR = 2.442; paternal grandparent, P= 0.007, OR = 2.369; and siblings, P<0.001, OR = 3.125. PHG was significantly associated with iron deficiency (P = 0.026, OR = 1.751) and family history of depression (P = 0.012, OR = 1.603), while herpes simplex virus infection (P = 0.004, OR = 0.367) and smoking history (P = 0.003) demonstrated significant negative associations. In Caucasians only (n = 306), in addition to these trends, irritable bowel syndrome was also significantly associated with PHG (P = 0.010, OR = 2.753). In Asians only (n = 75), history of heart disease in a first-degree relative (P = 0.038) was significantly associated with PHG. Limitations: As a survey study, the findings may be subject to recall bias. Conclusions: Important associations exist between PHG and family history of PHG, psychiatric history, supplement use, and vitamin deficiencies, providing insight into the pathophysiology and potential comorbidities of PHG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine G Thompson
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark C Marchitto
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bao Chau K Ly
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anna L Chien
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mycosis fungoides in Taiwan shows a relatively high frequency of large cell transformation and CD56 expression. Pathology 2018; 50:718-724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
19
|
Parks RN, Kim CJ, Al-Safi ZA, Armstrong AA, Zore T, Moatamed NA. Multiple Myeloma 1 Transcription Factor Is Superior to CD138 as a Marker of Plasma Cells in Endometrium. Int J Surg Pathol 2018; 27:372-379. [PMID: 30482071 DOI: 10.1177/1066896918814307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic endometritis is characterized by plasma cell (PC) infiltration of endometrial stroma. Identification of PCs can be challenging by routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain due to the low numbers of PCs or to their being obscured by other cells in the stroma. CD138 is widely used as an ancillary immunohistochemistry stain to identify PCs; however, it has a high background reaction. In this study, multiple myeloma 1 (MUM1) transcription factor is introduced as an alternative PC marker in endometrial tissues. In this study, 311 endometrial biopsies, submitted to rule out chronic endometritis, were selected. They were divided into Group I (n = 87) and Group II (n = 224). Both had MUM1 and H&E while Group I also had accompanying CD138 stains. In both groups combined, MUM1 detected plasma cells in 48% of the cases, while CD138 and H&E identified the cells in 23% and 15% of the biopsies, respectively. In addition to having a clean background, MUM1 is a more sensitive stain than CD138 for detection of PCs in endometrium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Temeka Zore
- 1 University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kriegsmann K, Longuespée R, Hundemer M, Zgorzelski C, Casadonte R, Schwamborn K, Weichert W, Schirmacher P, Harms A, Kazdal D, Leichsenring J, Stenzinger A, Warth A, Fresnais M, Kriegsmann J, Kriegsmann M. Combined Immunohistochemistry after Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Superior Spatial Information. Proteomics Clin Appl 2018; 13:e1800035. [PMID: 30035857 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201800035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tissue slides analyzed by MS imaging (MSI) are stained by H&E (Haematoxylin and Eosin) to identify regions of interest. As it can be difficult to identify specific cells of interest by H&E alone, data analysis may be impaired. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) can highlight cells of interest but single or combined IHC on tissue sections analyzed by MSI have not been performed. METHODS We performed MSI on bone marrow biopsies from patients with multiple myeloma and stained different antibodies (CD38, CD138, MUM1, kappa- and lambda). A combination of CK5/6/TTF1 and Napsin-A/p40 is stained after MSI on adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Staining intensities of p40 after MSI and on a serial section are quantified on a tissue microarray (n = 44) by digital analysis. RESULTS Digital evaluation reveals weaker staining intensities after MSI as compared to serial sections. Staining quality and quantity after MSI enables to identify cells of interest. On the tissue microarray, one out of 44 tissue specimens shows no staining of p40 after MSI, but weak nuclear staining on a serial section. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that single and double IHC staining is feasible on tissue sections previously analyzed by MSI, with decreased staining intensities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rémi Longuespée
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hundemer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, TU Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Schirmacher
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Harms
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kazdal
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonas Leichsenring
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Arne Warth
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margaux Fresnais
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Mark Kriegsmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chhabra Y, Yong HXL, Fane ME, Soogrim A, Lim W, Mahiuddin DN, Kim RSQ, Ashcroft M, Beatson SA, Ainger SA, Smit DJ, Jagirdar K, Walker GJ, Sturm RA, Smith AG. Genetic variation in IRF4 expression modulates growth characteristics, tyrosinase expression and interferon-gamma response in melanocytic cells. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2017; 31:51-63. [PMID: 28755520 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A SNP within intron4 of the interferon regulatory factor4 (IRF4) gene, rs12203592*C/T, has been independently associated with pigmentation and age-specific effects on naevus count in European-derived populations. We have characterized the cis-regulatory activity of this intronic region and using human foreskin-derived melanoblast strains, we have explored the correlation between IRF4 rs12203592 homozygous C/C and T/T genotypes with TYR enzyme activity, supporting its association with pigmentation traits. Further, higher IRF4 protein levels directed by the rs12203592*C allele were associated with increased basal proliferation but decreased cell viability following UVR, an etiological factor in melanoma development. Since UVR, and accompanying IFNγ-mediated inflammatory response, is associated with melanomagenesis, we evaluated its effects in the context of IRF4 status. Manipulation of IRF4 levels followed by IFNγ treatment revealed a subset of chemokines and immuno-evasive molecules that are sensitive to IRF4 expression level and genotype including CTLA4 and PD-L1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yash Chhabra
- Dermatology Research Centre, UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, at the Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hilary X L Yong
- Dermatology Research Centre, UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mitchell E Fane
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, at the Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Arish Soogrim
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Wen Lim
- Dermatology Research Centre, UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dayana Nur Mahiuddin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Reuben S Q Kim
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Melinda Ashcroft
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Scott A Beatson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stephen A Ainger
- Dermatology Research Centre, UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Darren J Smit
- Dermatology Research Centre, UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kasturee Jagirdar
- Dermatology Research Centre, UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Graeme J Walker
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard A Sturm
- Dermatology Research Centre, UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Aaron G Smith
- Dermatology Research Centre, UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, TRI, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, at the Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Qian Y, Du Z, Xing Y, Zhou T, Chen T, Shi M. Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is overexpressed in human non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and activates the Notch signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6034-6040. [PMID: 28849037 PMCID: PMC5865806 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor, interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), serves an essential role in the regulation of immune responses, and has been reported to act as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for various hematological malignancies. The present study aimed to investigate whether IRF4 could exert effects on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to explore the underlying mechanism. The mRNA and protein expression of IRF4 was detected in NSCLC tissues using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. In the in vitro experiment, IRF4 expression was knocked down or overexpressed using lentivirus in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 and lung squamous cell carcinoma LC-AI cell lines. Cell proliferation and colony number were analyzed using MTT and colony formation assays, respectively. The expression levels of IRF4 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in NSCLC tissues (n=54) compared with that in adjacent non-tumor tissues. Similarly, the expression levels of Notch1 and Notch2 mRNA were significantly higher in NSCLC tissues. Furthermore, the expression level of IRF4 mRNA was positively correlated with the levels of Notch1 and Notch2 mRNA in NSCLC tissues. Consequently, using NSCLC cell lines, it was demonstrated that the knockdown of IRF4 expression significantly reduced the cell proliferation rate and colony formation, whereas IRF4-overexpression significantly increased them. Notably, the IRF4 knockdown significantly decreased the expression levels of Notch1 and Notch2 mRNA, and phosphorylated protein kinase B (AKT), whereas IRF4 overexpression resulted in the opposite. The results of the present study indicate that IRF4 is overexpressed and serves as a tumor promoter in human NSCLC, at least partially, through activating the Notch-Akt signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Qian
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Ziyan Du
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Xing
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Minhua Shi
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bai H, Wu S, Wang R, Xu J, Chen L. Bone marrow IRF4 level in multiple myeloma: an indicator of peripheral blood Th17 and disease. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85392-85400. [PMID: 29156727 PMCID: PMC5689617 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulator factor 4 (IRF4) is characterized to be a member of interferon regulatory family, which is predominantly expressed in bone marrow plasma cells of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Recent studies indicated IRF4 is critical for T-help cells (Th17) differentiation and interleukin-17 (IL-17) secretion. Here, a total of 58 MM patients were enrolled in this study, the proportions of Th17 cells and T regulatory (Treg) cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were determined by flow cytometric analysis. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the IRF4 expression in bone marrow. Herein, we observed a significant increase of IRF4 in bone marrow accompanied with a notable up-regulation of Th17 cells in PBMC within MM patients compared with healthy donors. Furthermore, the proportions of Th17 cells and serum IL-17 levels were higher in patients with stage III than stage I & II MM patients, and those parameters were positively correlated with the expression of IRF4 in these cases. These results for the first time indicate that a crosstalk between IRF4 and Th17 cells is associated with MM prognosis, and IRF4 may be served an important target for MM immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Xu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Expression of TIA1 and PAX5 in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma at Initial Diagnosis May Predict Clinical Outcome. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2017; 24:383-91. [PMID: 26067141 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although the expression of T-cell antigens and proteins associated with tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), regulatory T cells (T-regs), and B-cell development have been evaluated in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), few studies correlate these proteins' expression patterns with clinical outcome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate proteins expressed in the Reed-Sternberg cells (RSCs) and TILs of cHLs at initial diagnosis to determine their prognostic significance. The expression of 12 proteins in RSCs and TILs from 88 diagnostic cHL biopsies was quantitated and correlated to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD25, PD1, TIA1, MUM1, and ZAP70 expression in RSCs did not correlate with OS or PFS, nor did programmed death 1 (PD1) expression in TILs. High numbers of TIA1-positive TILs (≥50%) correlated with OS (P=0.027), but not PFS (P=0.993) in univariate analysis. Expression of CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, and/or TIA1 (6%) in RSCs was associated with lymphocyte-rich/mixed-cellularity subtype (P=0.032). High International Prognostic Score (IPS; P=0.036), and high stage (P=0.046) were independent predictors of worse PFS in univariate analysis. Low IPS (P=0.003) and nodular sclerosing subtype (P=0.022) were associated with better OS in univariate analysis. Only the IPS predicted OS in multivariate (P=0.009) analysis. High TIA1+ TILs correlated with worse clinical outcomes for cHLs, as did PAX5-RSCs (P=0.024), although only 2/74 cases were shown to be negative for this marker, suggesting that the tumor microenvironment and a transcription factor crucial for B-cell development are critical biological determinants of the disease course.
Collapse
|
25
|
Meta-analysis of the Correlation Between Interleukin-6 Promoter Polymorphism -174G/C and Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 rs12203592 Polymorphism With Skin Cancer Susceptibility. Am J Ther 2017; 23:e1758-e1767. [PMID: 26928068 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a process whereby the immune system responds to a disease or injury. Chronic inflammation, however, has been linked to several types of cancers such as skin cancer. Molecular epidemiological studies were carried out in recent years evaluating interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) rs12203592 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene -174G/C polymorphism associated with skin cancer risk for different groups of people. However, the results are still conflicting, not conclusive. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between cancer susceptibility and IL-6 -174G/C (1130 cases and 1260 controls from 7 studies) and IRF4 rs12203592 polymorphisms (3879 cases and 6759 controls from 9 studies) in different inheritance models. We assess the strength of association of odds ratio (ORs), 95% confidence interval (CI). Overall, significantly elevated skin cancer risk was found when all studies were pooled into the meta-analysis of IL-6 -174G/C (For GC vs. GG: OR = 1.28, 95% CI, 1.06-1.54, I = 0, Pheterogeneity = 0.816; for CC/GC vs. GG: OR = 1.26, 95% CI, 1.05-1.50, I = 0, Pheterogeneity = 0.618). However, for IRF4 rs12203592 polymorphism, significantly increased risk of skin cancer was observed in TT versus CC (OR = 1.99, 95% CI, 1.30-3.07, I = 76.7%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001) and in recessive model (OR = 1.91, 95% CI, 1.31-2.77, I = 69.9%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001). This meta-analysis indicates that the IL-6 gene -174G/C and IRF4 rs12203592 polymorphisms may be associated with an increased skin cancer risk.
Collapse
|
26
|
Application of Immunohistochemistry in Toxicologic Pathology of the Hematolymphoid System. IMMUNOPATHOLOGY IN TOXICOLOGY AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47377-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
27
|
Jin Y, Andersen G, Yorgov D, Ferrara TM, Ben S, Brownson KM, Holland PJ, Birlea SA, Siebert J, Hartmann A, Lienert A, van Geel N, Lambert J, Luiten RM, Wolkerstorfer A, Wietze van der Veen JP, Bennett DC, Taïeb A, Ezzedine K, Kemp EH, Gawkrodger DJ, Weetman AP, Kõks S, Prans E, Kingo K, Karelson M, Wallace MR, McCormack WT, Overbeck A, Moretti S, Colucci R, Picardo M, Silverberg NB, Olsson M, Valle Y, Korobko I, Böhm M, Lim HW, Hamzavi I, Zhou L, Mi QS, Fain PR, Santorico SA, Spritz RA. Genome-wide association studies of autoimmune vitiligo identify 23 new risk loci and highlight key pathways and regulatory variants. Nat Genet 2016; 48:1418-1424. [PMID: 27723757 PMCID: PMC5120758 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease in which depigmented skin results from destruction of melanocytes1, with epidemiologic association with other autoimmune diseases2. In previous linkage and genome-wide association studies (GWAS1, GWAS2), we identified 27 vitiligo susceptibility loci in patients of European (EUR) ancestry. We carried out a third GWAS (GWAS3) in EUR subjects, with augmented GWAS1 and GWAS2 controls, genome-wide imputation, and meta-analysis of all three GWAS, followed by an independent replication. The combined analyses, with 4,680 cases and 39,586 controls, identified 23 new loci and 7 suggestive loci, most encoding immune and apoptotic regulators, some also associated with other autoimmune diseases, as well as several melanocyte regulators. Bioinformatic analyses indicate a predominance of causal regulatory variation, some corresponding to eQTL at these loci. Together, the identified genes provide a framework for vitiligo genetic architecture and pathobiology, highlight relationships to other autoimmune diseases and melanoma, and offer potential targets for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jin
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Genevieve Andersen
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Daniel Yorgov
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Tracey M Ferrara
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Songtao Ben
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kelly M Brownson
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paulene J Holland
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stanca A Birlea
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Anke Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne Lienert
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nanja van Geel
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rosalie M Luiten
- Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Wolkerstorfer
- Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J P Wietze van der Veen
- Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology, Medical Centre Haaglanden, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Dorothy C Bennett
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Alain Taïeb
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de la Peau, Department of Dermatology, Hôpital St.-André, Bordeaux, France
| | - Khaled Ezzedine
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de la Peau, Department of Dermatology, Hôpital St.-André, Bordeaux, France
| | - E Helen Kemp
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David J Gawkrodger
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Anthony P Weetman
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ele Prans
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Külli Kingo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maire Karelson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Margaret R Wallace
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Wayne T McCormack
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Silvia Moretti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Colucci
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratorio Fisiopatologia Cutanea, Istituto Dermatologico San Gallicano, Rome, Italy
| | - Nanette B Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.,Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mats Olsson
- International Vitiligo Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yan Valle
- Vitiligo Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Igor Korobko
- Vitiligo Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA.,Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Markus Böhm
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Henry W Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Iltefat Hamzavi
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Qing-Sheng Mi
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Pamela R Fain
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephanie A Santorico
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Richard A Spritz
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Couronné L, Bastard C, Gaulard P, Hermine O, Bernard O. [Molecular pathogenesis of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (1): angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified and anaplastic large cell lymphoma]. Med Sci (Paris) 2015; 31:841-52. [PMID: 26481023 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20153110010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) belong to the group of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and particularly that of mature T/NK cells lymphoproliferative neoplasms. The 2008 WHO classification describes different PTCL entities with varying prevalence. With the exception of the histological subtype "ALK positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma", PTCL are characterized by a poor prognosis. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these lymphomas are not yet fully understood, but development of genomic high-throughput analysis techniques now allows to extensively identify the molecular abnormalities present in tumor cells. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge and recent advances about the molecular events occurring at the origin or during the natural history of main entities of PTCL. It will be published in two parts : the first is focused on the three more frequent entities, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The second (which will appear in the november issue) will describe other subtypes less frequent and of poor prognosis : extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, and enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma. T or NK cell lymphoproliferative disorders with leukemic presentation, primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and very rare subtypes of PTCL whose prevalence is less than 5% (hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma and subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma) will not be discussed herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Couronné
- Service d'hématologie adultes, Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), hôpital Necker, Paris, France - Inserm UMR1163, CNRS ERL 8254, Institut Imagine, Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christian Bastard
- Service d'anatomo-pathologie, AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, faculté de médecine, Créteil, France ; Inserm U955, institut Mondor de recherche biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Gaulard
- Inserm, U918 ; Université de Rouen ; centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Service d'hématologie adultes, Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), hôpital Necker, Paris, France - Inserm UMR1163, CNRS ERL 8254, Institut Imagine, Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Bernard
- UMR 1170 ; Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France ; Université Paris Sud 11, Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
MMSET regulates expression of IRF4 in t(4;14) myeloma and its silencing potentiates the effect of bortezomib. Leukemia 2015. [PMID: 26196464 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by recurrent chromosomal translocations. In t(4;14) MM, the MM SET domain (MMSET) protein is universally overexpressed and has been suggested to have an important tumorigenic role. However, the exact molecular targets underlying MMSET activity are not well understood. Here, we found in t(4;14) MM cells that MMSET knockdown decreases interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) expression, and ectopic MMSET increases IRF4 expression, suggesting that MMSET is an upstream regulator of IRF4. Further analyses indicated an interaction between MMSET and nuclear factor-κB, which both bind to the IRF4 promoter region. A luciferase reporter assay showed that MMSET is an important functional element for the IRF4 promoter. MMSET knockdown induces apoptosis and potentiates the effects of bortezomib in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we found that bortezomib could reduce expression of MMSET and IRF4. This might partly explain the additive effect of combining MMSET knockdown and bortezomib treatment. These results identify MMSET as a key regulator involved in the regulatory network of transcription factor IRF4, which is critical for MM cell survival, suggesting that the combination of MMSET inhibition and bortezomib is likely to improve patient outcome in MM.
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
CONTEXT Immunohistochemistry is not a diagnostic test but a highly valuable tool that requires interpretation within a context. OBJECTIVE To review the current status and limitations of immunohistochemistry in dermatopathology. DATA SOURCES English-language literature published between 1980 and 2014. CONCLUSIONS Although immunohistochemistry is rarely completely specific or sensitive, it is an important adjunctive technique in dermatopathology and can be helpful in a series of diagnostic dilemmas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tammie Ferringer
- From the Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jacobs LC, Liu F, Pardo LM, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Kayser M, Nijsten T. IRF4, MC1R and TYR genes are risk factors for actinic keratosis independent of skin color. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3296-303. [PMID: 25724930 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a pre-malignant skin disease, highly prevalent in elderly Europeans. This study investigates genetic susceptibility to AK with a genome-wide association study (GWAS). A full body skin examination was performed in 3194 elderly individuals from the Rotterdam Study (RS) of exclusive north-western European origin (aged 51-99 years, 45% male). Physicians graded the number of AK into four severity levels: none (76%), 1-3 (14%), 4-9 (6%) and ≥10 (5%), and skin color was quantified using a spectrophotometer on sun-unexposed skin. A GWAS for AK severity was conducted, where promising signals at IRF4 and MC1R (P < 4.2 × 10(-7)) were successfully replicated in an additional cohort of 623 RS individuals (IRF4, rs12203592, Pcombined = 6.5 × 10(-13) and MC1R, rs139810560, Pcombined = 4.1 × 10(-9)). Further, in an analysis of ten additional well-known human pigmentation genes, TYR also showed significant association with AK (rs1393350, P = 5.3 × 10(-4)) after correction for multiple testing. Interestingly, the strength and significance of above-mentioned associations retained largely the same level after skin color adjustment. Overall, our data strongly suggest that IRF4, MC1R and TYR genes likely have pleiotropic effects, a combination of pigmentation and oncogenic functions, resulting in an increased risk of AK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Forensic Molecular Biology
| | | | | | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Al-Kawaaz M, Mathew S, Liu Y, Gomez ML, Chaviano F, Knowles DM, Orazi A, Tam W. Cyclin D1-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with IGH-CCND1 translocation and BCL6 rearrangement: a report of two cases. Am J Clin Pathol 2015; 143:288-99. [PMID: 25596256 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpuidw2cpta1ja] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To demonstrate and confirm the existence of cyclin D1-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with IGH-CCND1 rearrangement and discuss the rationale of differentiating this entity from blastoid and pleomorphic variants of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). METHODS Two cyclin D1-positive lymphomas with morphologic features of DLBCL and IGH-CCND1 translocations were characterized with respect to clinical features, as well as morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular findings. RESULTS The large tumor cells were CD20+, CD5-, CD10-, BCL6+, MUM1+, and cyclin D1+ in both cases. SOX11 was negative. Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA in situ hybridization demonstrated diffuse positivity in case 1. BCL6 and IGH-CCND1 rearrangements were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization in both cases. Specifically, the diagnosis of a relapsed DLBCL with acquisition of IGH-CCND1 was rendered for case 1, molecularly confirmed by the detection of identical monoclonal IGH rearrangements between the initial diagnostic DLBCL and relapse lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates convincingly that IGH-CCND1 rearrangement leading to cyclin D1 overexpression can occur in DLBCL and pose a potential diagnostic pitfall, requiring thorough knowledge of the clinicopathologic findings to allow accurate discrimination from a blastoid or pleomorphic MCL. The coexistence of IGH-CCND1 and IGH-BCL6 rearrangements suggest that BCL6 and cyclin D1 may cooperate in the pathogenesis of DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Al-Kawaaz
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Susan Mathew
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Yifang Liu
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Maria L. Gomez
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Felicia Chaviano
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Daniel M. Knowles
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Attilio Orazi
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Wayne Tam
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Visser M, Palstra RJ, Kayser M. Allele-specific transcriptional regulation of IRF4 in melanocytes is mediated by chromatin looping of the intronic rs12203592 enhancer to the IRF4 promoter. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:2649-61. [PMID: 25631878 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified with genome-wide association studies are located in non-coding regions of the genome; it is therefore possible that they are involved in transcriptional regulation of a nearby gene rather than affecting an encoded protein's function. Previously, it was demonstrated that the SNP rs12203592, located in intron 4 of the IRF4 gene, is strongly associated with human skin pigmentation and modulates an enhancer element that controls expression of IRF4. In our study, we investigated the allele-specific effect of rs12203592 on IRF4 expression in epidermal skin samples and in melanocytic cells from donors of different skin color. We focused on the characteristics and activity of the enhancer, and on long-range chromatin interactions in melanocytic cells homozygous and heterozygous for rs12203592. We found that, irrespective of the trans-activating environment, IRF4 transcription is strongly correlated with the allelic status of rs12203592, the activity of the rs12203592 enhancer and that the chromatin features depend on the rs12203592 genotype. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the rs12203592 enhancer physically interacts with the IRF4 promoter through an allele-dependent chromatin loop, and suggest that subsequent allele-specific activation of IRF4 transcription is stabilized by another allele-specific loop from the rs12203592 enhancer to an additional regulatory element in IRF4. We conclude that the non-coding SNP rs12203592 is located in a regulatory region and affects a wide range of enhancer characteristics, resulting into modulation of the enhancer's activity, its interaction with the IRF4 promoter and subsequent allele-specific transcription of IRF4. Our findings provide another example of a non-coding SNP affecting skin color by modulating enhancer-mediated transcriptional regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mijke Visser
- Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert-Jan Palstra
- Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Kayser
- Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang L, Yao ZQ, Moorman JP, Xu Y, Ning S. Gene expression profiling identifies IRF4-associated molecular signatures in hematological malignancies. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106788. [PMID: 25207815 PMCID: PMC4160201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphocyte-specific transcription factor Interferon (IFN) Regulatory Factor 4 (IRF4) is implicated in certain types of lymphoid and myeloid malignancies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its interactions with these malignancies are largely unknown. In this study, we have first profiled molecular signatures associated with IRF4 expression in associated cancers, by analyzing existing gene expression profiling datasets. Our results show that IRF4 is overexpressed in melanoma, in addition to previously reported contexts including leukemia, myeloma, and lymphoma, and that IRF4 is associated with a unique gene expression pattern in each context. A pool of important genes involved in B-cell development, oncogenesis, cell cycle regulation, and cell death including BATF, LIMD1, CFLAR, PIM2, and CCND2 are common signatures associated with IRF4 in non-Hodgkin B cell lymphomas. We confirmed the correlation of IRF4 with LIMD1 and CFLAR in a panel of cell lines derived from lymphomas. Moreover, we profiled the IRF4 transcriptome in the context of EBV latent infection, and confirmed several genes including IFI27, IFI44, GBP1, and ARHGAP18, as well as CFLAR as novel targets for IRF4. These results provide valuable information for understanding the IRF4 regulatory network, and improve our knowledge of the unique roles of IRF4 in different hematological malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Zhi Q. Yao
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America
- HIV/HCV Program, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Jonathan P. Moorman
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America
- HIV/HCV Program, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Yanji Xu
- Shaun and Lilly International, LLC, Collierville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Shunbin Ning
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
The NF-κB inhibitor DHMEQ decreases survival factors, overcomes the protective activity of microenvironment and synergizes with chemotherapy agents in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Lett 2014; 349:26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
36
|
Wang S, Yan Q, Chen P, Zhao P, Gu A. Association of interferon regulatory factor 4 gene polymorphisms rs12203592 and rs872071 with skin cancer and haematological malignancies susceptibility: a meta-analysis of 19 case-control studies. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:410. [PMID: 24906573 PMCID: PMC4059085 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has indicated that the rs12203592 and rs872071 interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) gene polymorphisms correlate with the risk of cancer, especially skin cancer and haematological malignancies, but the results remain controversial. To understand better the effects of these two polymorphisms on skin cancer and haematological malignancies susceptibility, a cumulative meta-analysis was performed. METHODS We conducted a search using the PubMed and Web of Science databases for relevant case-control studies published before April 2014. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using fixed- or random-effects models where appropriate. Heterogeneity test, publication bias test, and sensitivity analysis were also performed. RESULTS In total, 11 articles comprised of 19 case-control studies were identified; five focused on the rs12203592 polymorphism with 7,992 cases and 8,849 controls, and six were on the rs872071 polymorphism with 3108 cases and 8300 controls. As for rs12203592, a significant correlation with overall skin cancer and haematological malignancies risk was found with the homozygote comparison model (OR=1.566, 95% CI 1.087-2.256) and recessive model (OR=1.526, 95% CI 1.107-2.104). For rs872071, a significantly elevated haematological malignancies risk was observed in all genetic models (homozygote comparison: OR=1.805, 95% CI 1.402-2.323; heterozygote comparison: OR=1.427, 95% CI 1.203-1.692; dominant: OR=1.556, 95% CI 1.281-1.891; recessive: OR=1.432, 95% CI 1.293-1.587; additive: OR=1.349, 95% CI 1.201-1.515). Similarly, increased skin cancer and haematological malignancies risk was also identified after stratification of the SNP data by cancer type, ethnicity and source of controls for both polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis indicated that the rs12203592 and rs872071 IRF4 gene polymorphisms are associated with individual susceptibility to skin cancer and haematological malignancies. Moreover, the effect of the rs12203592 polymorphism on skin cancer risk was particularly prominent among Caucasians. Further functional research should be performed to validate the association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Somja J, Bisig B, Bonnet C, Herens C, Siebert R, de Leval L. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma with t(6;14)(p25;q11.2) translocation presenting with massive splenomegaly. Virchows Arch 2014; 464:735-41. [PMID: 24604141 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-014-1560-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent chromosomal translocations associated to peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are rare. Here, we report a case of PTCL, not otherwise specified (NOS) with the karyotype 46,Y,add(X)(p22),t(6;14)(p25;q11) and FISH-proved breakpoints in the IRF4 and TCRAD loci, leading to juxtaposition of both genes. A 64-year-old male patient presented with mild cytopenias and massive splenomegaly. Splenectomy showed diffuse red pulp involvement by a pleomorphic medium- to large-cell T-cell lymphoma with a CD2+ CD3+ CD5- CD7- CD4+ CD8+/- CD30- TCRbeta-F1+ immunophenotype, an activated cytotoxic profile, and strong MUM1 expression. The clinical course was marked by disease progression in the bone marrow under treatment and death at 4 months. In contrast with two t(6;14)(p25;q11.2)-positive lymphomas previously reported to be cytotoxic PTCL, NOS with bone marrow and skin involvement, this case was manifested by massive splenomegaly, expanding the clinical spectrum of PTCLs harboring t(6;14)(p25;q11.2) and supporting consideration of this translocation as a marker of biological aggressiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Somja
- Department of Pathology, B35, University of Liege, CHU Sart Tilman, Liege, Belgium,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
IRF4 is a novel mediator for neuronal survival in ischaemic stroke. Cell Death Differ 2014; 21:888-903. [PMID: 24510125 PMCID: PMC4013523 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroprotection following ischaemic stroke is driven by the interplay between regulatory transcription factors and endogenous protective factors. IRF4, a member of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family, is implicated in the survival of tumour cells. However, its role in the survival of normal cells including neurons remains elusive. Using genetic approaches, we established a central role for IRF4 in protection against ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced neuronal death. IRF4 was expressed in neurons, and induced by ischaemic stroke. Neuron-specific IRF4 transgenic (IRF4-TG) mice exhibited reduced infarct lesions, and this effect was reversed in IRF4-knockout mice. Notably, we revealed that IRF4 rescues neurons from I/R-induced death both in vivo and in vitro. Integrative transcriptional and cell survival analyses showed that IRF4 functions mechanistically as a transcription activator of serum response factor (SRF) crucial to salvage neurons during stroke. Indeed, the expression of SRF and SRF-dependent molecules was significantly upregulated upon IRF4 overexpression and conversely inhibited upon IRF4 ablation. Similar results were observed in oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated primary cortical neurons. Furthermore, we identified the IRF4-binding site in the promoter region of the SRF gene essential for its transcription. To verify the IRF4–SRF axis in vivo, we generated neuron-specific SRF knockout mice, in which SRF exerted profound cerebroprotective effects similar to those of IRF4. More importantly, the phenotype observed in IRF4-TG mice was completely reversed by SRF ablation. Thus, we have shown that the IRF4–SRF axis is a novel signalling pathway critical for neuronal survival in the setting of ischaemic stroke.
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Black/white disparities in lung cancer incidence and mortality mandate an evaluation of underlying biological differences. We have previously shown higher risks of lung cancer associated with prior emphysema in African American compared with white patients with lung cancer. METHODS We therefore evaluated a panel of 1440 inflammatory gene variants in a two-phase analysis (discovery and replication), added top genome-wide association studies (GWAS) lung cancer hits from white populations, and 28 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from a published gene panel. The discovery set (477 self-designated African Americans cases, 366 controls matched on age, ethnicity, and gender) were from Houston, Texas. The external replication set (330 cases and 342 controls) was from the EXHALE study at Wayne State University. RESULTS In discovery, 154 inflammation SNPs were significant (p < 0.05) on univariate analysis, as was one of the gene panel SNPs (rs308738 in REV1, p = 0.0013), and three GWAS hits, rs16969968 p = 0.0014 and rs10519203 p = 0.0003 in the 15q locus and rs2736100, in the HTERT locus, p = 0.0002. One inflammation SNP, rs950286, was successfully replicated with a concordant odds ratio of 1.46 (1.14-1.87) in discovery, 1.37 (1.05-1.77) in replication, and a combined odds ratio of 1.40 (1.17-1.68). This SNP is intergenic between IRF4 and EXOC2 genes. We also constructed and validated epidemiologic and extended risk prediction models. The area under the curve (AUC) for the epidemiologic discovery model was 0.77 and 0.80 for the extended model. For the combined datasets, the AUC values were 0.75 and 0.76, respectively. CONCLUSIONS As has been reported for other cancer sites and populations, incorporating top genetic hits into risk prediction models, provides little improvement in model performance and no clinical relevance.
Collapse
|
40
|
Interferon regulatory factor 4 is activated through c-Src-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation in virus-transformed cells. J Virol 2013; 87:9672-9. [PMID: 23804646 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01435-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of the oncogenic transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) in hematological malignancies has been increasingly recognized. We have previously identified the B cell integration cluster (BIC), the gene encoding miR-155, as the first microRNA (miRNA)-encoding gene transcriptionally targeted by IRF4 in virus-transformed cancer cells. Activation of IRFs is prerequisite for their functions. However, how IRF4 is activated in cancer is an open question. Our phosphoproteome profiling has identified several tyrosine phosphorylation sites on IRF4 in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed cells. Further, we show here that c-Src dramatically stimulates IRF4 phosphorylation and activity and that Y61 and Y124 are two key sites responding to c-Src-mediated activation. Consistently, c-Src is constitutively expressed and active in EBV-transformed cells. However, c-Src is unlikely to be a direct kinase for IRF4. Furthermore, we have a polyclonal antibody specific to phospho-IRF4(Y121/124) developed in rabbit. We have further shown that inhibition of c-Src activity reduces p-IRF4(Y121/124) and significantly represses transcription of the IRF4 target BIC in EBV-transformed cells. Our results therefore, for the first time, demonstrate that IRF4 is phosphorylated and activated through a c-Src-mediated pathway in virus-transformed cells. These findings will improve our understanding of IRF4 in neoplasia and will provide profound insights into the interaction of oncogenic viruses with IRF4 in the development of hematological malignancies.
Collapse
|
41
|
Celegato M, Borghese C, Casagrande N, Carbone A, Colombatti A, Aldinucci D. Bortezomib down-modulates the survival factor interferon regulatory factor 4 in Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines and decreases the protective activity of Hodgkin lymphoma-associated fibroblasts. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:149-59. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.800196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
42
|
Zhang S, Xu J, Wu S, Wang R, Qu X, Yu W, Li J, Chen L. IRF4 promotes cell proliferation by JNK pathway in multiple myeloma. Med Oncol 2013; 30:594. [PMID: 23666852 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0594-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is a member of the interferon regulatory family, which plays an important role in many lymphoid and myeloid malignancies. In the current study, using immunohistochemical staining, we found that IRF4 only expressed in plasma cells in bone marrow biopsy samples of multiple myeloma. IRF4-positive patients displayed increased disease stage (Durie-Salmon stage, p = 0.026; and International Staging System, p = 0.005). Silencing IRF4 in myeloma cell lines could inhibit myeloma cells proliferation and induce myeloma cell apoptosis, partly by JNK/Jun pathway. These results demonstrate that IRF4 plays important roles in myelomagenesis and disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sensen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Snyman H, Fromstein J, Vince A. A Rare Variant of Multicentric Large B-cell Lymphoma with Plasmacytoid and Mott Cell Differentiation in a Dog. J Comp Pathol 2013; 148:329-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
44
|
Liu F, Wen B, Kayser M. Colorful DNA polymorphisms in humans. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2013; 24:562-75. [PMID: 23587773 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2013.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this review article we summarize current knowledge on how variation on the DNA level influences human pigmentation including color variation of iris, hair, and skin. We review recent progress in the field of human pigmentation genetics by focusing on the genes and DNA polymorphisms discovered to be involved in determining human pigmentation traits, their association with diseases particularly skin cancers, and their power to predict human eye, hair, and skin colors with potential utilization in forensic investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
[B-cell neoplasms with plasmacellular and plasmablastic differentiation]. DER PATHOLOGE 2013; 34:198-209. [PMID: 23462793 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-013-1743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Plasma cell malignancies are tumors of terminally differentiated B-cells in which the neoplastic plasma cells are the dominant and proliferating tumor cell component. Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) is one of the most common hematological neoplasms and typically does not cause diagnostic problems. A morphologically and immunophenotypically detectable plasmacellular orplasmablastic differentiation is, however, commonly observed in a wide range of mature B-cell lymphomas. A confident separation of the distinct entities requires the integration of clinical and morphological findings as well as an adequate phenotyping of both the plasma cell and the B-cell component if present. Detection of lymphotropic viruses, specific translocations and novel molecular markers, such as the MYD88 L265P mutation occurring in the vast majority of lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas complement our diagnostic repertoire. In this review we describe the most commonly observed diagnostic problems in separating small B-cell lymphomas from PCM and high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) with plasmablastic differentiation from extramedullary spread of aggressive PCM and provide helpful criteria for routine diagnostics.
Collapse
|
46
|
Paik JH, Go H, Nam SJ, Kim TM, Heo DS, Kim CW, Jeon YK. Clinicopathologic implication of A20/TNFAIP3 deletion in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: an analysis according to immunohistochemical subgroups and rituximab treatment. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 54:1934-41. [PMID: 23327292 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2012.762511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the clinicopathologic implication of A20/tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein 3 deletion in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) using fluorescence in situ hybridization, according to germinal center B-cell (GCB) versus non-GCB/activated B-cell (ABC) phenotypes and rituximab treatment. Excluding primary central nervous system (CNS) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive lymphomas, 134 DLBCLs were analyzed. A20 was deleted in 23.1% (31/134) of DLBCLs including 21.6% (29/ 134) of monoallelic and 1.5% (2/134) of biallelic deletion, with no predilection for GCB versus non-GCB/ABC. In univariate analysis, A20 deletion was marginally associated with favorable prognosis in the rituximab-treated subgroup (n = 109; p = 0.0454), non-gastrointestinal lymphoma (n = 108; p = 0.0320) and nodal lymphoma (n = 46; p = 0.0411). In multivariate analysis in rituximab-treated DLBCL, MUM1 and international prognostic index (IPI) were independent prognostic factors (p = 0.021 [IPI]; p = 009 [MUM1]) with a marginally favorable prognostic effect for A20 deletion (p = 0.047). Taken together, A20 deletion was observed in similar frequencies in GCB and non-GCB/ABC, and was not a poor prognostic factor in DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ho Paik
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kol A, Christopher M, Skorupski K, Tokarz D, Vernau W. B-cell lymphoma with plasmacytoid differentiation, atypical cytoplasmic inclusions, and secondary leukemia in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kol
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis; CA; USA
| | - M.M. Christopher
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis; CA; USA
| | - K.A. Skorupski
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis; CA; USA
| | - D. Tokarz
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis; CA; USA
| | - W. Vernau
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis; CA; USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kwanhian W, Lenze D, Alles J, Motsch N, Barth S, Döll C, Imig J, Hummel M, Tinguely M, Trivedi P, Lulitanond V, Meister G, Renner C, Grässer FA. MicroRNA-142 is mutated in about 20% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer Med 2012; 1:141-55. [PMID: 23342264 PMCID: PMC3544448 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short 18–23 nucleotide long noncoding RNAs that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression by binding to mRNA. Our previous miRNA profiling of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) revealed a mutation in the seed sequence of miR-142-3p. Further analysis now showed that miR-142 was mutated in 11 (19.64%) of the 56 DLBCL cases. Of these, one case had a mutation in both alleles, with the remainder being heterozygous. Four mutations were found in the mature miR-142-5p, four in the mature miR-142-3p, and three mutations affected the miR-142 precursor. Two mutations in the seed sequence redirected miR-142-3p to the mRNA of the transcriptional repressor ZEB2 and one of them also targeted the ZEB1 mRNA. However, the other mutations in the mature miR-142-3p did not influence either the ZEB1 or ZEB2 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR). On the other hand, the mutations affecting the seed sequence of miR-142-3p resulted in a loss of responsiveness in the 3′ UTR of the known miR-142-3p targets RAC1 and ADCY9. In contrast to the mouse p300 gene, the human p300 gene was not found to be a target for miR-142-5p. In one case with a mutation of the precursor, we observed aberrant processing of the miR-142-5p. Our data suggest that the mutations in miR-142 probably lead to a loss rather than a gain of function. This is the first report describing mutations of a miRNA gene in a large percentage of a distinct lymphoma subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiyada Kwanhian
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical School 66421, Homburg, Germany; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University 40002, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Rehg JE, Bush D, Ward JM. The utility of immunohistochemistry for the identification of hematopoietic and lymphoid cells in normal tissues and interpretation of proliferative and inflammatory lesions of mice and rats. Toxicol Pathol 2012; 40:345-74. [PMID: 22434870 DOI: 10.1177/0192623311430695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Expression of antigens in cells and tissues can be readily studied immunohistochemically with the use of antibodies. A panel of antibodies to cell-specific markers can be used to diagnose lesions, including tumors, in the hematopoietic and lymphoid systems. This review discusses the use of readily available antibodies and procedures to identify antigens expressed in normal tissues and in proliferative and inflammatory lesions in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) murine specimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerold E Rehg
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, includes cases of natural killer cell and αβ, γδ, and αβ/γδ T-cell origin: a comprehensive clinicopathologic and phenotypic study. Am J Surg Pathol 2012; 36:481-99. [PMID: 22314189 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0b013e31824433d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), nasal type, may be of NK or T-cell origin; however, the proportion of T-ENKTLs and whether they are of αβ or γδ type remains uncertain. To elucidate the cell of origin and detailed phenotype of ENKTL and assess any clinicopathologic associations, 67 cases of ENKTL from Thailand were investigated, together with 5 γδ enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphomas (EATLs) for comparison. In all, 70% of the ENKTL were T-cell receptor (TCR) β,γ and, in cases tested, δ negative (presumptive NK origin); 5% were TCR γδ, 3% were TCR αβ, 1% were TCR αβ/γδ, and 21% were indeterminate. Out of 17 presumptive NK-ENKTLs tested, 3 had clonal TCR rearrangements. All cases were EBV and TIA-1; >85% were positive for CD3, CD2, granzyme B, pSTAT3, and Lsk/MATK; and all were CD16. Presumptive NK-ENKTLs had significantly more frequent CD56 (83% vs. 33%) and CXCL13 (59% vs. 0%) but less frequent PD-1 (0% vs. 40%) compared with T-ENKTLs. Of the NK-ENKTLs, 38% were Oct-2 compared with 0% of T-ENKTLs, and 54% were IRF4/MUM1 compared with 20% of T-ENKTLs. Only αβ T-ENKTLs were CD5. Intestinal ENKTLs were EBV and had significantly more frequent CD30, pSTAT3, and IRF4/MUM1 expression but less frequent CD16 compared with γδ EATL. Significant adverse prognostic indicators included a primary non-upper aerodigestive tract site, high stage, bone marrow involvement, International Prognostic Index ≥2, lack of radiotherapy, Ki67 >40%, and CD25 expression. The upper aerodigestive tract ENKTLs of T-cell origin compared with those of presumptive NK origin showed a trend for better survival. Thus, at least 11% of evaluable ENKTLs are of T-cell origin. Although T-ENKTLs have phenotypic and some possible clinical differences, they share many similarities with ENKTLs that lack TCR expression and are distinct from intestinal γδ EATL.
Collapse
|