1
|
Nag JK, Grisaru-Granovsky S, Armon S, Rudina T, Appasamy P, Bar-Shavit R. Involvement of Protease-Activated Receptor2 Pleckstrin Homology Binding Domain in Ovarian Cancer: Expression in Fallopian Tubes and Drug Design. Biomedicines 2024; 12:246. [PMID: 38275417 PMCID: PMC10813316 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Studying primordial events in cancer is pivotal for identifying predictive molecular indicators and for targeted intervention. While the involvement of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in cancer is growing, GPCR-based therapies are yet rare. Here, we demonstrate the overexpression of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a GPCR member in the fallopian tubes (FTs) of high-risk BRCA carriers as compared to null in healthy tissues of FT. FTs, the origin of ovarian cancer, are known to express genes of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STICs), a precursor lesion of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). PAR2 expression in FTs may serve as an early prediction sensor for ovarian cancer. We show now that knocking down Par2 inhibits ovarian cancer peritoneal dissemination in vivo, pointing to the central role of PAR2. Previously we identified pleckstrin homology (PH) binding domains within PAR1,2&4 as critical sites for cancer-growth. These motifs associate with PH-signal proteins via launching a discrete signaling network in cancer. Subsequently, we selected a compound from a library of backbone cyclic peptides generated toward the PAR PH binding motif, namely the lead compound, Pc(4-4). Pc(4-4) binds to the PAR PH binding domain and blocks the association of PH-signal proteins, such as Akt or Etk/Bmx with PAR2. It attenuates PAR2 oncogenic activity. The potent inhibitory function of Pc(4-4) is demonstrated via inhibition of ovarian cancer peritoneal spread in mice. While the detection of PAR2 may serve as a predictor for ovarian cancer, the novel Pc(4-4) compound may serve as a powerful medicament in STICs and ovarian cancer. This is the first demonstration of the involvement of PAR PH binding motif signaling in ovarian cancer and Pc(4-4) as a potential therapy treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeetendra Kumar Nag
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.N.); (T.R.); (P.A.)
| | - Sorina Grisaru-Granovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center (SZMC), Hebrew-University, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; (S.G.-G.); (S.A.)
| | - Shunit Armon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center (SZMC), Hebrew-University, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; (S.G.-G.); (S.A.)
| | - Tatyana Rudina
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.N.); (T.R.); (P.A.)
| | - Priyanga Appasamy
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.N.); (T.R.); (P.A.)
| | - Rachel Bar-Shavit
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.N.); (T.R.); (P.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Huang P, Wang BG, Murdock T, Cope L, Hsu FC, Wang TL, Shih IM. Spatial Transcriptomic Analysis of Ovarian Cancer Precursors Reveals Reactivation of IGFBP2 during Pathogenesis. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4528-4541. [PMID: 36206311 PMCID: PMC9808976 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the earliest pathogenic steps in cancer development is fundamental to improving its early detection and prevention. Ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), a highly aggressive cancer, mostly originates from the fallopian tube epithelium through a precursor stage, serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). In this study, we performed spatial transcriptomic analysis to compare STICs, carcinoma, and their matched normal fallopian tube epithelium. Several differentially expressed genes in STICs and carcinomas were involved in cancer metabolism and detected in a larger independent transcriptomic dataset of ovarian HGSCs. Among these, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP2) was found to undergo DNA hypomethylation and to be increased at the protein level in STICs. Pyrosequencing revealed an association of IGFBP2 expression with the methylation state of its proximal enhancer, and 5-azacytidine treatment increased IGFBP2 expression. In postmenopausal fallopian tubes, where most STICs are detected, IGFBP2 immunoreactivity was detected in all 38 proliferatively active STICs but was undetectable in morphologically normal tubal epithelia, including those with TP53 mutations. In premenopausal fallopian tubes, IGFBP2 expression was limited to the secretory epithelium at the proliferative phase, and estradiol treatment increased IGFBP2 expression levels. IGFBP2 knockdown suppressed the growth of IGFBP2-expressing tubal epithelial cells via inactivation of the AKT pathway. Taken together, demethylation of the proximal enhancer of IGFBP2 drives tumor development by maintaining the increased IGFBP2 required for proliferation in an otherwise estrogen-deprived, proliferation-quiescent, and postmenopausal tubal microenvironment. SIGNIFICANCE Molecular studies of the earliest precursor lesions of ovarian cancer reveal a role of IGFBP2 in propelling tumor initiation, providing new insights into ovarian cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeh Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peng Huang
- Biostatistics Division, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brant G. Wang
- Department of Pathology, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Tricia Murdock
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Leslie Cope
- Biostatistics Division, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cassani C, Rossi C, Camnasio CA, Urtis M, Fiandrino G, Grasso M, Zanellini F, Lucioni M, D’Ambrosio G, Di Toro A, Rossi M, Roccio M, Ferrari A, Secondino S, Nappi RE, Arbustini E, Paulli M, Spinillo A, Cesari S. Pathologic Findings at Risk Reducing Surgery in BRCA and Non- BRCA Mutation Carriers: A Single-Center Experience. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123054. [PMID: 36553061 PMCID: PMC9776991 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk-reducing surgery (RRS) is recommended in BRCA-mutated carriers because of their increased risk of developing ovarian cancer, while its role is still discussed for women harboring mutations in non-BRCA homologous repair genes. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the occurrence of pathological findings in a high-risk population undergoing RRS in San Matteo Hospital, Pavia between 2012 and 2022, and correlate their genetic and clinical outcomes, comparing them with a control group. The final cohort of 190 patients included 85 BRCA1, 63 BRCA2, 11 CHEK2, 7 PALB2, 4 ATM, 1 ERCC5, 1 RAD51C, 1 CDH1, 1 MEN1, 1 MLH1 gene mutation carriers and 15 patients with no known mutation but with strong familial risk. Occult invasive serous carcinoma (HGSC) and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) were diagnosed in 12 (6.3%) women, all of them BRCA carriers. No neoplastic lesion was diagnosed in the non-BRCA group, in women with familial risk, or in the control group. Oral contraceptive use and age ≤45 at surgery were both found to be favorable factors. While p53 signature and serous tubal intraepithelial lesion (STIL) were also seen in the control group and in non-BRCA carriers, STIC and HGSC were only found in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cassani
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pavia, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Anatomic Pathology, University of Pavia, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Angela Camnasio
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pavia, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Urtis
- Transplant Research Area and Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Fiandrino
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizia Grasso
- Transplant Research Area and Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Zanellini
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Lucioni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Anatomic Pathology, University of Pavia, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gioacchino D’Ambrosio
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Toro
- Transplant Research Area and Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Margherita Rossi
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marianna Roccio
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberta Ferrari
- General Surgery III—Breast Surgery, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Secondino
- Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Rossella Elena Nappi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause, University of Pavia, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Eloisa Arbustini
- Transplant Research Area and Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Paulli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Anatomic Pathology, University of Pavia, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Arsenio Spinillo
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pavia, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Cesari
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alshehri S, Pavlovič T, Farsinejad S, Behboodi P, Quan L, Centeno D, Kung D, Rezler M, Lee W, Jasiński P, Dziabaszewska E, Nowak-Markwitz E, Kalyon D, Zaborowski MP, Iwanicki M. Extracellular Matrix Modulates Outgrowth Dynamics in Ovarian Cancer. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2200197. [PMID: 36084257 PMCID: PMC9772079 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma (OC) forms outgrowths that extend from the outer surface of an afflicted organ into the peritoneum. OC outgrowth formation is poorly understood due to the limited availability of cell culture models examining the behavior of cells that form outgrowths. Prompted by immunochemical evaluation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in human tissues, laminin and collagen-rich ECM-reconstituted cell culture models amenable to studies of cell clusters that can form outgrowths are developed. It is demonstrated that ECM promotes outgrowth formation in fallopian tube non-ciliated epithelial cells (FNE) expressing mutant p53 and various OC cell lines. Outgrowths are initiated by cells that underwent outward translocation and retained the ability to intercalate into mesothelial cell monolayers. Electron microscopy, optical coherence tomography, and small amplitude oscillatory shear experiments reveal that increased ECM levels led to increased fibrous network thickness and high shear elasticity of the microenvironment. These physical characteristics are associated with outgrowth suppression. The low ECM microenvironment mimicks the viscoelasticity of malignant peritoneal fluid (ascites) and supports cell proliferation, cell translocation, and outgrowth formation. These results highlight the importance of the ECM microenvironment in modulating OC growth and can provide additional insights into the mode of dissemination of primary and recurrent ovarian tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| | - Tonja Pavlovič
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| | - Sadaf Farsinejad
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| | - Panteha Behboodi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| | - Li Quan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| | - Daniel Centeno
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| | - Douglas Kung
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| | - Marta Rezler
- Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Woo Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| | - Piotr Jasiński
- Department of Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Nowak-Markwitz
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dilhan Kalyon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| | - Mikołaj P. Zaborowski
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Iwanicki
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vang R, Shih IM. Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma: What Do We Really Know at this Point? Histopathology 2022; 81:542-555. [PMID: 35859323 DOI: 10.1111/his.14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) is the earliest morphologically recognizable step in the development of invasive high-grade serous carcinoma of the fallopian tube. Lesions occurring prior to STIC within the carcinogenic sequence for the pathogenesis of invasive high-grade serous carcinoma include the p53 signature and secretory cell outgrowth (SCOUT). Variable histologic criteria have been used for diagnosing STIC, but a combination of morphology and immunohistochemistry for p53/Ki-67 improves interobserver agreement. Half of all carcinomas identified in risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy specimens are in the form of STIC; however, STIC also may be incidentally found on occasion in specimens from women at low or average risk of ovarian/tubal/peritoneal carcinoma. TP53 mutation is the earliest known DNA sequence alteration in STIC and almost all invasive high-grade serous carcinomas of the ovary and peritoneum. Data on the clinical behavior of STIC are limited. While the short-term follow-up in the prior literature suggests a low risk of malignant progression, a more recent meta-analysis indicates a 10-year risk of 28%. STIC probably should be best regarded as a lesion with uncertain malignant potential at present, and future molecular analysis will help classify those with higher risk of dissemination. This review article provides an update on the current knowledge of STIC and related issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell Vang
- Departments of Pathology (Division of Gynecologic Pathology), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, USA.,Gynecology & Obstetrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Departments of Pathology (Division of Gynecologic Pathology), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, USA.,Gynecology & Obstetrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, USA.,Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xi D, Jia Q, Liu X, Zhang L, Xu B, Ma Z, Ma Y, Yu Y, Zhang F, Chen H. LAMC1 is a Novel Prognostic Factor and a Potential Therapeutic Target in Gastric Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:3183-3198. [PMID: 35342300 PMCID: PMC8943981 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s353289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the role of LAMC1 in gastric cancer (GC), if it is of great importance to identify tumour driver genes with prognostic value. Patients and Methods GC-related gene expression profile data were downloaded from TCGA. R-limma package and univariate Cox regression were used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and survival-genes, respectively. Then, the ClusterProfiler package was used to analyse the Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment of DEGs. Cytoscape was used to build a protein interaction network (PPI) and identify key genes. The GEPIA2 and TIMER databases were used to validate the differential expression of LAMC1. The relationship between LAMC1 and the prognosis of GC was analysed by the KM. GSEA and GSVA were used to analyse the major activated and mutated pathways, respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to reidentify the expression of LAMC1 in GES-1 and 5 GC cell lines. Finally, we explored the relationship between LAMC1 and FGFR1. Results A total of 266 DEGs were be selected, which were mainly enriched in extracellular structure organization. LAMC1 was identified as one of the hub genes. The expression of LAMC1 was significantly higher in GC tissue than in paracancerous tissues, and the prognosis of the GC patient with high expression of LAMC1 was relatively poor. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis indicated that LAMC1 could be used as an independent prognostic indicator. The results of GSEA and GSVA showed that LAMC1 was mainly enriched in pathways such as MYOGENESIS and UV_RESPONSE_DN. The RT-qPCR results showed that the expression level in AGS cells was significantly higher than that in gastric epithelial cells. LAMC1 may play a role in the development of gastric cancer by influencing FGFR1. Conclusion LAMC1 may mediate the occurrence and development of GC and has potential as a biomarker for the prognosis and treatment of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Xi
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Provincial People’s Hospital of Gansu, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiufang Jia
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - XiaoLong Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - YanLing Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hao Chen, Department of Surgical Oncology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15009467790, Fax +86 931-8458109, Email
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Diao B, Yang P. Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression and Prognosis for Laminin Genes in Ovarian Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:1609855. [PMID: 34512203 PMCID: PMC8423899 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Survival is low in ovarian cancer (OC). Most OC patients demonstrate advanced metastases, and recurrence is common. Dysregulation of laminin interactions is associated with cancer development. However, it is unknown whether laminin subunits can be considered as biomarkers for OC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. We used cBioPortal, GEO, ONCOMINE, GEPIA, Human Protein Atlas, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, TIMER, and Metascape to determine the associations among laminin expression, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration in OC. LAMA5, LAMB3, and LAMC2 mRNAs and LAMA3, LAMB1/B2/B3, and LAMC1/C2 proteins were overexpressed in OC tissues compared with normal ovaries. LAMA4, LAMB1, and LAMC1 mRNA upregulation was positively correlated with worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in OC. Elevated LAMA2 and LAMC2 mRNA expression levels were related to better PFS or OS, respectively. The results speculated that LAMA5 could potentially be a good prognostic factor in OC. Its expression proves valuable for predicting OS in patients diagnosed with stage Ⅳ and grade 3 OC and PFS in patients diagnosed with all OC stages or grades. LAMB3 and LAMC2 expression was correlated with platinum resistance development. ROC analysis of laminins in OC sets revealed that LAMA2/A4/A5, LAMB1/B2/B3, and LAMC2 could be used to differentiate between malignant tumors and non-neoplastic tissues. LAMA1/A5 and LAMC1 were significantly and negatively correlated with various tumor immune infiltrates (TILs), especially with dendritic cells, CD8+ T cells or neutrophil. LAMA4 and LAMB1 might be associated with tumor purity in OC. Overall, LAMA5 and LAMC1 could help predict OC survival and diagnosis and might be deemed important OC oncogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Diao
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cordova R, Kiekens K, Burrell S, Drake W, Kmeid Z, Rice P, Rocha A, Diaz S, Yamada S, Yozwiak M, Nelson OL, Rodriguez GC, Heusinkveld J, Shih IM, Alberts DS, Barton JK. Sub-millimeter endoscope demonstrates feasibility of in vivo reflectance imaging, fluorescence imaging, and cell collection in the fallopian tubes. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-200404R. [PMID: 34216135 PMCID: PMC8253554 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.7.076001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Most cases of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma originate as serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) lesions in the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE), enabling early endoscopic detection. AIM The cell-acquiring fallopian endoscope (CAFE) was built to meet requirements for locating potentially pathological tissue indicated by an alteration in autofluorescence or presence of a targeted fluorophore. A channel was included for directed scrape biopsy of cells from regions of interest. APPROACH Imaging resolution and fluorescence sensitivity were measured using a standard resolution target and fluorescence standards, respectively. A prototype was tested in ex vivo tissue, and collected cells were counted and processed. RESULTS Measured imaging resolution was 88 μm at a 5-mm distance, and full field of view was ∼45 deg in air. Reflectance and fluorescence images in ex vivo porcine reproductive tracts were captured, and fit through human tracts was verified. Hemocytometry counts showed that on the order of 105 cells per scrape biopsy could be collected from ex vivo porcine tissue. CONCLUSIONS All requirements for viewing STIC in the FTE were met, and collected cell counts exceeded input requirements for relevant analyses. Our benchtop findings suggest the potential utility of the CAFE device for in vivo imaging and cell collection in future clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricky Cordova
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Kelli Kiekens
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Susan Burrell
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - William Drake
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Zaynah Kmeid
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Photini Rice
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Andrew Rocha
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Sebastian Diaz
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Shigehiro Yamada
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Michael Yozwiak
- University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Omar L. Nelson
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, United States
- University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Gustavo C. Rodriguez
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, United States
- University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - John Heusinkveld
- Banner–University Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - David S. Alberts
- University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Jennifer K. Barton
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bu T, Wang L, Wu X, Li L, Mao B, Wong CKC, Perrotta A, Silvestrini B, Sun F, Cheng CY. A laminin-based local regulatory network in the testis that supports spermatogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 121:40-52. [PMID: 33879391 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In adult rat testes, the basement membrane is structurally constituted by laminin and collagen chains that lay adjacent to the blood-testis barrier (BTB). It plays a crucial scaffolding role to support spermatogenesis. On the other hand, laminin-333 comprised of laminin-α3/ß3/γ3 at the apical ES (ectoplasmic specialization, a testis-specific cell-cell adherens junction at the Sertoli cell-step 8-19 spermatid interface) expressed by spermatids serves as a unique cell adhesion protein that forms an adhesion complex with α6ß1-integrin expressed by Sertoli cells to support spermiogenesis. Emerging evidence has shown that biologically active fragments are derived from basement membrane and apical ES laminin chains through proteolytic cleavage mediated by matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and MMP2, respectively. Two of these laminin bioactive fragments: one from the basement membrane laminin-α2 chain called LG3/4/5-peptide, and one from the apical ES laminin-γ3 chain known as F5-peptide, are potent regulators that modify cell adhesion function at the Sertoli-spermatid interface (i.e., apical ES) but also at the Sertoli cell-cell interface designated basal ES at the blood-testis barrier (BTB) with contrasting effects. These findings not only highlight the physiological significance of these bioactive peptides that create a local regulatory network to support spermatogenesis, they also open a unique area of research. For instance, it is likely that several other bioactive peptides remain to be identified. These bioactive peptides including their downstream signaling proteins and cascades should be studied collectively in future investigations to elucidate the underlying mechanism(s) by which they coordinate with each other to maintain spermatogenesis. This is the goal of this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiao Bu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Linxi Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Baiping Mao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Chris K C Wong
- Department of Biology, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Adolfo Perrotta
- Department of Translational & Precision Medicine, La Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fei Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - C Yan Cheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shih IM, Wang Y, Wang TL. The Origin of Ovarian Cancer Species and Precancerous Landscape. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 191:26-39. [PMID: 33011111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Unlike other human cancers, in which all primary tumors arise de novo, ovarian epithelial cancers are primarily imported from either endometrial or fallopian tube epithelium. The prevailing paradigm in the genesis of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), the most common ovarian cancer, posits to its development in fallopian tubes through stepwise tumor progression. Recent progress has been made not only in gathering terabytes of omics data but also in detailing the histologic-molecular correlations required for looking into, and making sense of, the tissue origin of HGSC. This emerging paradigm is changing many facets of ovarian cancer research and routine gynecology practice. The precancerous landscape in fallopian tubes contains multiple concurrent precursor lesions, including serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), with genetic heterogeneity providing a platform for HGSC evolution. Mathematical models imply that a prolonged time (decades) elapses from the development of a TP53 mutation, the earliest known molecular alteration, to an STIC, followed by a shorter span (6 years) for progression to an HGSC. Genetic predisposition accelerates the trajectory. This timeline may allow for the early diagnosis of HGSC and STIC, followed by intent-to-cure surgery. This review discusses the recent advances in this tubal paradigm and its biological and clinical implications, alongside the promise and challenge of studying STIC and other precancerous lesions of HGSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Pathobiology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Yeh Wang
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Pathobiology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Many Microenvironments of Ovarian Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1296:199-213. [PMID: 34185294 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-59038-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common and deadly subtype of ovarian cancer as it is commonly diagnosed after substantial metastasis has already occurred. The past two decades have been an active era in HGSOC research, with new information on the origin and genomic signature of the tumor cell. Additionally, studies have begun to characterize changes in the HGSOC microenvironment and examine the impact of these changes on tumor progression and response to therapies. While this knowledge may provide valuable insight into better prognosis and treatments for HGSOCs, its collection, synthesis, and application are complicated by the number of unique microenvironments in the disease-the initiating site (fallopian tube), first metastasis (ovary), distal metastases (peritoneum), and recurrent/platinum-resistant setting. Here, we review the state of our understanding of these diverse sites and highlight remaining questions.
Collapse
|
12
|
Ovarian Cancer Dissemination-A Cell Biologist's Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121957. [PMID: 31817625 PMCID: PMC6966436 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) comprises multiple disease states representing a variety of distinct tumors that, irrespective of tissue of origin, genetic aberrations and pathological features, share common patterns of dissemination to the peritoneal cavity. EOC peritoneal dissemination is a stepwise process that includes the formation of malignant outgrowths that detach and establish widespread peritoneal metastases through adhesion to serosal membranes. The cell biology associated with outgrowth formation, detachment, and de novo adhesion is at the nexus of diverse genetic backgrounds that characterize the disease. Development of treatment for metastatic disease will require detailed characterization of cellular processes involved in each step of EOC peritoneal dissemination. This article offers a review of the literature that relates to the current stage of knowledge about distinct steps of EOC peritoneal dissemination, with emphasis on the cell biology aspects of the process.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kunitomi H, Kobayashi Y, Wu RC, Takeda T, Tominaga E, Banno K, Aoki D. LAMC1 is a prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target in endometrial cancer. J Gynecol Oncol 2019; 31:e11. [PMID: 31912669 PMCID: PMC7044014 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2020.31.e11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the emerging significance of genetic profiles in the management of endometrial cancer, the identification of tumor-driving genes with prognostic value is a pressing need. The LAMC1 gene, encoding the laminin subunit gamma 1 (LAMC1) protein, has been reported to be involved in the progression of various malignant tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of LAMC1 in endometrial cancer and elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS We evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of LAMC1 in atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. Within the endometrial cancer cases, we analyzed the association of LAMC1 overexpression with clinicopathological factors and prognosis. Furthermore, to indentify genes influenced by LAMC1 overexpression, we transfected HEC50B and SPAC-S cells with siRNA targeting LAMC1 and conducted microarray gene expression assays. RESULTS While none of the atypical endometrial hyperplasia specimens exhibited LAMC1 overexpression, endometrial cancer possessed a significantly higher LAMC1 overexpression rate. LAMC1 overexpression was strongly associated with histological type, lymphovascular space invasion, lymph node metastasis, advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, and poor overall survival in endometrial cancer. Gene expression microarray analysis identified 8 genes correlated with tumor progression (LZTFL1, TAPT1, SEL1L, PAQR6, NME7, TMEM109, CCDC58, and ANKRD40) that were commonly influenced in HEC50B and SPAC-S by LAMC1 silencing. CONCLUSION LAMC1 overexpression is a potent biomarker for identifying endometrial cancer patients needing aggressive adjuvant therapy. We elucidated 8 candidate genes that may mediate progression of LAMC1 overexpressing cancer. Further investigation of the underlying mechanism should lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Kunitomi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ren Chin Wu
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Takashi Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Tominaga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouji Banno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen LY, Huang RL, Chan MW, Yan PS, Huang TS, Wu RC, Suryo Rahmanto Y, Su PH, Weng YC, Chou JL, Chao TK, Wang YC, Shih IM, Lai HC. TET1 reprograms the epithelial ovarian cancer epigenome and reveals casein kinase 2α as a therapeutic target. J Pathol 2019; 248:363-376. [PMID: 30883733 DOI: 10.1002/path.5266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase-1, TET1, takes part in active DNA demethylation. However, our understanding of DNA demethylation in cancer biology and its clinical significance remain limited. This study showed that TET1 expression correlated with poor survival in advanced-stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC), and with cell migration, anchorage-independent growth, cancer stemness, and tumorigenicity. In particular, TET1 was highly expressed in serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), a currently accepted type II EOC precursor, and inversely correlated with TP53 mutations. Moreover, TET1 could demethylate the epigenome and activate multiple oncogenic pathways, including an immunomodulation network having casein kinase II subunit alpha (CK2α) as a hub. Patients with TET1high CK2αhigh EOCs had the worst outcomes, and TET1-expressing EOCs were more sensitive to a CK2 inhibitor, both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings uncover the oncogenic and poor prognostic roles of TET1 in EOC and suggest an unexplored role of epigenetic reprogramming in early ovarian carcinogenesis. Moreover, the immunomodulator CK2α represents a promising new therapeutic target, warranting clinical trials of the tolerable CK2 inhibitor, CX4945, for precision medicine against EOC. Copyright © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Lan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Michael Wy Chan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Pearlly S Yan
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tien-Shuo Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yohan Suryo Rahmanto
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Po-Hsuan Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Weng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Liang Chou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Kuang Chao
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hung-Cheng Lai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Visvanathan K, Shaw P, May BJ, Bahadirli-Talbott A, Kaushiva A, Risch H, Narod S, Wang TL, Parkash V, Vang R, Levine DA, Soslow R, Kurman R, Shih IM. Fallopian Tube Lesions in Women at High Risk for Ovarian Cancer: A Multicenter Study. CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH (PHILADELPHIA, PA.) 2018. [PMID: 30232083 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0009] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of women diagnosed with invasive high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is poor. More information about serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) and serous tubal intraepithelial lesions (STIL), putative precursor lesions of HGSC, could inform prevention efforts. We conducted a multicenter study to identify risk/protective factors associated with STIC/STILs and characterize p53 signatures in the fallopian tube. The fallopian tubes and ovaries of 479 high-risk women ≥30 years of age who underwent bilateral risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy were reviewed for invasive cancer/STICs/STILs. Epidemiologic data was available for 400 of these women. In 105 women, extensive sampling of the tubes for STICs/STILs/p53 signatures were undertaken. Descriptive statistics were used to compare groups with and without lesions. The combined prevalence of unique tubal lesions [invasive serous cancer (n = 6) /STICs (n = 14)/STILs (n = 5)] was 6.3% and this was split equally among BRCA1 (3.0%) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (3.3%). A diagnosis of invasive cancer was associated with older age but no risk/protective factor was significantly associated with STICs/STILs. Extensive sampling identified double the number of STICs/STILs (11.9%), many p53 signatures (27.0%), and multiple lesions in 50% of the cases. Women with p53 signatures in the fimbria were older than women with signatures in the remaining tube (P = 0.03). STICs/STILs may not share the protective factors that are associated with HGSC. It is plausible that these factors are only associated with STICs that progress to HGSC. Having multiple lesions in the fimbria may be an important predictor of disease progression. Cancer Prev Res; 11(11); 697-706. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patricia Shaw
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Betty J May
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Asli Bahadirli-Talbott
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alpana Kaushiva
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harvey Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Steven Narod
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Vinita Parkash
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Russell Vang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Soslow
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Kurman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Visvanathan K, Shaw P, May BJ, Bahadirli-Talbott A, Kaushiva A, Risch H, Narod S, Wang TL, Parkash V, Vang R, Levine DA, Soslow R, Kurman R, Shih IM. Fallopian Tube Lesions in Women at High Risk for Ovarian Cancer: A Multicenter Study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 11:697-706. [PMID: 30232083 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of women diagnosed with invasive high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is poor. More information about serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) and serous tubal intraepithelial lesions (STIL), putative precursor lesions of HGSC, could inform prevention efforts. We conducted a multicenter study to identify risk/protective factors associated with STIC/STILs and characterize p53 signatures in the fallopian tube. The fallopian tubes and ovaries of 479 high-risk women ≥30 years of age who underwent bilateral risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy were reviewed for invasive cancer/STICs/STILs. Epidemiologic data was available for 400 of these women. In 105 women, extensive sampling of the tubes for STICs/STILs/p53 signatures were undertaken. Descriptive statistics were used to compare groups with and without lesions. The combined prevalence of unique tubal lesions [invasive serous cancer (n = 6) /STICs (n = 14)/STILs (n = 5)] was 6.3% and this was split equally among BRCA1 (3.0%) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (3.3%). A diagnosis of invasive cancer was associated with older age but no risk/protective factor was significantly associated with STICs/STILs. Extensive sampling identified double the number of STICs/STILs (11.9%), many p53 signatures (27.0%), and multiple lesions in 50% of the cases. Women with p53 signatures in the fimbria were older than women with signatures in the remaining tube (P = 0.03). STICs/STILs may not share the protective factors that are associated with HGSC. It is plausible that these factors are only associated with STICs that progress to HGSC. Having multiple lesions in the fimbria may be an important predictor of disease progression. Cancer Prev Res; 11(11); 697-706. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patricia Shaw
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Betty J May
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Asli Bahadirli-Talbott
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alpana Kaushiva
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harvey Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Steven Narod
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Vinita Parkash
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Russell Vang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Soslow
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Kurman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Samimi G, Trabert B, Duggan MA, Robinson JL, Coa KI, Waibel E, Garcia E, Minasian LM, Sherman ME. Processing of fallopian tube, ovary, and endometrial surgical pathology specimens: A survey of U.S. laboratory practices. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 148:515-520. [PMID: 29395311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many high-grade serous carcinomas initiate in fallopian tubes as serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), a microscopic lesion identified with specimen processing according to the Sectioning and Extensive Examination of the Fimbria protocol (SEE-Fim). Given that the tubal origin of these cancers was recently recognized, we conducted a survey of pathology practices to assess processing protocols that are applied to gynecologic surgical pathology specimens in clinical contexts in which finding STIC might have different implications. METHODS We distributed a survey electronically to the American Society for Clinical Pathology list-serve to determine practice patterns and compared results between practice types by chi-square (χ2) tests for categorical variables. Free text comments were qualitatively reviewed. RESULTS Survey responses were received from 159 laboratories (72 academic, 87 non-academic), which reported diverse specimen volumes and percentage of gynecologic samples. Overall, 74.1% of laboratories reported performing SEE-Fim for risk-reducing surgical specimens (82.5% academic versus 65.7% non-academic, p < 0.05). In specimens from surgery for benign indications in which initial microscopic sections showed an unanticipated suspicious finding, 75.9% of laboratories reported using SEE-Fim to process the remainder of the specimen (94.8% academic versus 76.4% non-academic, p < 0.01), and 84.6% submitted the entire fimbriae. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the theories of pathogenesis of high-grade serous carcinoma have led to implementation of pathology specimen processing protocols that include detailed analysis of the fallopian tubes. These results have implications for interpreting trends in cancer incidence data and considering the feasibility of developing a bank of gynecologic tissues containing STIC or early cancer precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goli Samimi
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | | - Máire A Duggan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Kisha I Coa
- ICF International, Inc., Rockville, MD 20878, USA
| | - Elizabeth Waibel
- The American Society for Clinical Pathology Institute for Science, Technology, and Policy, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | - Edna Garcia
- The American Society for Clinical Pathology Institute for Science, Technology, and Policy, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Y, Xi S, Chen J, Zhou D, Gao H, Zhou Z, Xu L, Chen M. Overexpression of LAMC1 predicts poor prognosis and enhances tumor cell invasion and migration in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer 2017; 8:2992-3000. [PMID: 28928891 PMCID: PMC5604451 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
LAMC1 encodes an extracellular matrix protein, laminin γ1 chain, which is involved in several biological and pathological processes including tissue development, tumor cell invasion and metastasis. In present study, we demonstrated that both LAMC1 protein and mRNA levels were elevated in HCC tissue samples compared with non-cancerous tissue samples according to western blot analyses, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and microarray. Moreover, high LAMC1 expression was positively correlated with incomplete encapsulation (p=0.014), poor overall (OS, p=0.02) and disease-free survival (DFS, p=0.014). Using cell lines, we demonstrated that the levels of LAMC1 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in HCC cell lines than that in LO2 cell line. After the expression of LAMC1 was depressed by siRNA technique, the cell proliferation, migration and invasion were depressed significantly. Taken together, these data suggest that LAMC1 is enriched in HCC; overexpression of LAMC1 predicts poor prognosis, and enhances tumor cell invasion and migration. LAMC1 might be a new biomarker predictive of HCC prognosis and might also be a useful treatment target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaojun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Shaoyan Xi
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jinbin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Hengjun Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Province, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Zhongguo Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Minshan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Drug repositioning of mevalonate pathway inhibitors as antitumor agents for ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:72147-72156. [PMID: 29069775 PMCID: PMC5641118 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repositioning is an alternative strategy redirecting existing drugs for new disease. We have previously reported an antitumor effect of statins, antidyslipidemic drugs, on ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effects of other mevalonate pathway inhibitors and the mechanism of the antitumor effect from a metabolic perspective. The effects of inhibitors of the mevalonate pathway on tumor cell growth were evaluated in vitro. Bisphosphonates that inhibit this pathway are commonly used as antiosteoporotic drugs, and antitumor effects of the bisphosphonate were examined in vitro and in vivo. Metabolites in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells were analyzed before and after lovastatin treatment, using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. All mevalonate pathway inhibitors showed concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on tumor cell growth. Particularly marked effects were obtained with inhibitors of farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase. The bisphosphonate was also shown to have an antitumor effect in vivo. The expression of autophagy marker LC3A/3B was increased in cells after treatment. In metabolomics analysis, lovastatin treatment increased the metabolites involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle while reducing the metabolites associated with glycolysis. Also it decreased glutathione and resulted to work with chemotherapeutic agents synergistically. Inhibition at any point in the mevalonate pathway, and especially of farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, suppresses growth of ovarian cancer cells. Inhibition of this pathway may induce autophagy, cause a shift to activation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and enhance susceptibility to chemotherapy. Drug repositioning targeting mevalonate pathway for ovarian cancer deserves consideration for clinical application.
Collapse
|
20
|
Kobayashi H, Iwai K, Niiro E, Morioka S, Yamada Y, Ogawa K, Kawahara N. The conceptual advances of carcinogenic sequence model in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Biomed Rep 2017; 7:209-213. [PMID: 28811894 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review focuses on the current status of molecular pathology in high-grade serous cancer (HGSC) and preneoplastic conditions. This article reviews the English-language literature on HGSC, precursor, fallopian tubal epithelium, secretory cells, ciliated cells, secretory cell expansion, secretory cell outgrowth (SCOUT), p53 signature, serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), DNA damage and immunohistochemistry in an effort to identify the precursor-carcinoma sequence in HGSC. The majority of HGSC originates from the fimbriated end of the fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells, while the small part of this disease may develop from ovarian cortical inclusion cyst (CIC). A series of morphological changes from normal fallopian epithelium to preneoplastic to neoplastic lesions were concomitant with the multistep accumulation of molecular and genetic alterations. Recent studies provide a stepwise progression of fallopian tubal epithelium to precursor lesions to carcinoma, with the aid of a 'secretory cell-SCE-SCOUT-p53 signature-STIC-HGSC sequence' model. Immunohistochemical markers, including p53, STMN1, EZH2, CCNE1, Ki67 and γ-H2AX, were gradually increased during the SCOUT-p53 signature-STIC-HGSC sequence. Conversely, PAX2 expression was decreased during the early phase of SCOUT development. Potential genes and proteins are involved in the evolutionary trajectory of the precursor-cancer lineage model. In the present review we examined detailed aspects of the molecular changes involved in malignant transformation from fallopian tube epithelium to HGSC. A precursor condition originating in 'field cancerization' may gain a growth advantage, leading to HGSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kana Iwai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Emiko Niiro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Sachiko Morioka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kenji Ogawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Meserve EEK, Brouwer J, Crum CP. Serous tubal intraepithelial neoplasia: the concept and its application. Mod Pathol 2017; 30:710-721. [PMID: 28106106 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years it has become clear that many extra-uterine (pelvic) high-grade serous carcinomas (serous carcinomas) are preceded by a precursor lesion in the distal fallopian tube. Precursors range from small self-limited 'p53 signatures' to expansile serous tubal intraepithelial neoplasms that include both serous tubal epithelial proliferations (or lesions) of uncertain significance and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas. These precursors can be considered from three perspectives. The first is biologic underpinnings, which are multifactorial, and include the intersection of DNA damage with Tp53 mutations and disturbances in transcriptional regulation that increase with age. The second perspective is the morphologic discovery and classification of intraepithelial neoplasms that are intercepted early in their natural history, either incidentally or in risk-reduction surgeries for germline mutations. For the practicing pathologist, as well as the investigators, a distinction between a primary intraepithelial neoplasm and an intramucosal carcinoma must be made to avoid misinterpreting (or underestimating) the significance of these proliferations. The third perspective is the application of this information to intervention, devising strategies that will actually lower the ovarian cancer death rate by opportunistic salpingectomy, widespread comprehensive genetic screening and early detection. Central to this issue are the questions of (1) whether some STICs are metastatic, (2) whether lower-grade epithelial proliferations can invade prior to evolving into intraepithelial carcinoma, or (3) metastasize and become malignant elsewhere ('precursor escape'). An important caveat is the persistent and unsettling reality that many high-grade serous carcinomas are not associated with an obvious point of initiation in the fallopian tube. The pathologist sits squarely in the midst of all of these issues, and has a pivotal role in managing expectations for stemming the death rate from this lethal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily E K Meserve
- Division of Women's and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jan Brouwer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher P Crum
- Division of Women's and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lin SF, Gerry E, Shih IM. Tubal origin of ovarian cancer - the double-edged sword of haemoglobin. J Pathol 2017; 242:3-6. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiou-Fu Lin
- Department of Pathology; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions; Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Emily Gerry
- Department of Pathology; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions; Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Pathology; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions; Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions; Baltimore Maryland USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Interrogation of Functional Cell-Surface Markers Identifies CD151 Dependency in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cell Rep 2017; 18:2343-2358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
24
|
Chen F, Gaitskell K, Garcia MJ, Albukhari A, Tsaltas J, Ahmed AA. Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas associated with high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas: a systematic review. BJOG 2017; 124:872-878. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Chen
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory; The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Oxford; Headington Oxford UK
- School of Clinical Sciences; Monash University; Clayton Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - K Gaitskell
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory; The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Oxford; Headington Oxford UK
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit; Nuffield Department of Population Health; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - MJ Garcia
- Human Genetics Group; Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO); Madrid Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Valencia Spain
| | - A Albukhari
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory; The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Oxford; Headington Oxford UK
- Biochemistry Department; Faculty of Science; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - J Tsaltas
- School of Clinical Sciences; Monash University; Clayton Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - AA Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory; The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Oxford; Headington Oxford UK
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; University of Oxford; Women's Centre; John Radcliffe Hospital; Oxford UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Weinberger V, Bednarikova M, Cibula D, Zikan M. Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) – clinical impact and management. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016; 16:1311-1321. [DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2016.1247699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vit Weinberger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Bednarikova
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Cibula
- Gynecological Oncology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University in Prague – First Faculty of Medicine, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Zikan
- Gynecological Oncology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University in Prague – First Faculty of Medicine, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
CCNE1 amplification and centrosome number abnormality in serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma: further evidence supporting its role as a precursor of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2016; 29:1254-61. [PMID: 27443516 PMCID: PMC6557162 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aberration in chromosomal structure characterizes almost all cancers and has profound biological significance in tumor development. It can be facilitated by various mechanisms including overexpression of cyclin E1 and centrosome amplification. As ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma has pronounced chromosomal instability, in this study we sought to determine whether increased copy number of CCNE1 which encodes cyclin E1 and centrosome amplification (>2 copies) occurs in its putative precursor, serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma. We found CCNE1 copy number gain/amplification in 8 (22%) of 37 serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas and 12 (28%) of 43 high-grade serous carcinomas. There was a correlation in CCNE1 copy number between serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma and high-grade serous carcinoma in the same patients (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the percentage of CCNE1 gain/amplification between serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma and high-grade serous carcinoma (P=0.61). Centrosome amplification was recorded in only 5 (14%) of 37 serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas, and in 10 (40%) of 25 high-grade serous carcinomas. The percentage of cells with centrosome amplification was higher in high-grade serous carcinoma than in serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (P<0.001). Induced expression of cyclin E1 increased the percentage of fallopian tube epithelial cells showing centrosome amplification. Our findings suggest that gain/amplification of CCNE1 copy number occurs early in tumor progression and precedes centrosome amplification. The more prevalent centrosome amplification in high-grade serous carcinoma than in serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma supports the view that serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma precedes the development of many high-grade serous carcinomas.
Collapse
|
27
|
Sherman ME, Drapkin RI, Horowitz NS, Crum CP, Friedman S, Kwon JS, Levine DA, Shih IM, Shoupe D, Swisher EM, Walker J, Trabert B, Greene MH, Samimi G, Temkin SM, Minasian LM. Rationale for Developing a Specimen Bank to Study the Pathogenesis of High-Grade Serous Carcinoma: A Review of the Evidence. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:713-20. [PMID: 27221539 PMCID: PMC5010984 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Women with clinically detected high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) generally present with advanced-stage disease, which portends a poor prognosis, despite extensive surgery and intensive chemotherapy. Historically, HGSCs were presumed to arise from the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), but the inability to identify early-stage HGSCs and their putative precursors in the ovary dimmed prospects for advancing our knowledge of the pathogenesis of these tumors and translating these findings into effective prevention strategies. Over the last decade, increased BRCA1/2 mutation testing coupled with performance of risk-reducing surgeries has enabled studies that have provided strong evidence that many, but probably not all, HGSCs among BRCA1/2 mutation carriers appear to arise from the fallopian tubes, rather than from the ovaries. This shift in our understanding of the pathogenesis of HGSCs provides an important opportunity to achieve practice changing advances; however, the scarcity of clinically annotated tissues containing early lesions, particularly among women at average risk, poses challenges to progress. Accordingly, we review studies that have kindled our evolving understanding of the pathogenesis of HGSC and present the rationale for developing an epidemiologically annotated national specimen resource to support this research. Cancer Prev Res; 9(9); 713-20. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Sherman
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Ronny I Drapkin
- The Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Neil S Horowitz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher P Crum
- Division of Women's and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sue Friedman
- Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered (FORCE), Tampa, Florida
| | - Janice S Kwon
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of British Columbia and BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecologic Oncology, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Donna Shoupe
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Elizabeth M Swisher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joan Walker
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark H Greene
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Goli Samimi
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sarah M Temkin
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, Maryland. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lori M Minasian
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Iwanicki MP, Chen HY, Iavarone C, Zervantonakis IK, Muranen T, Novak M, Ince TA, Drapkin R, Brugge JS. Mutant p53 regulates ovarian cancer transformed phenotypes through autocrine matrix deposition. JCI Insight 2016; 1:86829. [PMID: 27482544 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGS-OvCa) harbors p53 mutations and can originate from the epithelial cell compartment of the fallopian tube fimbriae. From this site, neoplastic cells detach, survive in the peritoneal cavity, and form cellular clusters that intercalate into the mesothelium to form ovarian and peritoneal masses. To examine the contribution of mutant p53 to phenotypic alterations associated with HGS-OvCA, we developed live-cell microscopy assays that recapitulate these early events in cultured fallopian tube nonciliated epithelial (FNE) cells. Expression of stabilizing mutant variants of p53, but not depletion of endogenous wild-type p53, in FNE cells promoted survival and cell-cell aggregation under conditions of cell detachment, leading to the formation of cell clusters with mesothelium-intercalation capacity. Mutant p53R175H-induced phenotypes were dependent on fibronectin production, α5β1 fibronectin receptor engagement, and TWIST1 expression. These results indicate that FNE cells expressing stabilizing p53 mutants acquire anchorage independence and subsequent mesothelial intercalation capacity through a mechanism involving mesenchymal transition and matrix production. These findings provide important new insights into activities of mutant p53 in the cells of origin of HGS-OvCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin P Iwanicki
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hsing-Yu Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Claudia Iavarone
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Taru Muranen
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marián Novak
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tan A Ince
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Basser Center for BRCA, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joan S Brugge
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Selmes G, Ferron G, Filleron T, Querleu D, Mery E. Lésions épithéliales précoces dans les annexectomies prophylactiques chez des patientes à haut risque de cancer de l’ovaire : à propos d’une série de 93 cas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 43:659-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
30
|
Kashima H, Wu RC, Wang Y, Sinno AK, Miyamoto T, Shiozawa T, Wang TL, Fader AN, Shih IM. Laminin C1 expression by uterine carcinoma cells is associated with tumor progression. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 139:338-44. [PMID: 26343160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Molecular markers associated with tumor progression in uterine carcinoma are poorly defined. In this study, we determine whether upregulation of LAMC1, a gene encoding extracellular matrix protein, laminin γ1, is associated with various uterine carcinoma subtypes and stages of tumor progression. METHODS An analysis of the immunostaining patterns of laminin γ1 in normal endometrium, atypical hyperplasia, and a total of 150 uterine carcinomas, including low-grade and high-grade endometrioid carcinomas, uterine serous and clear cell carcinoma, was performed. Clinicopathological correlation was performed to determine biological significance. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set was used to validate our results. RESULTS As compared to normal proliferative and secretory endometrium, for which laminin γ1 immunoreactivity was almost undetectable, increasing laminin C1 staining intensity was observed in epithelial cells from atypical hyperplasia to low-grade endometrioid to high-grade endometrioid carcinoma, respectively. Laminin γ1 expression was significantly associated with FIGO stage, myometrial invasion, cervical/adnexal involvement, angiolymphatic invasion and lymph node metastasis. Similarly, analysis of the endometrial carcinoma data set from TCGA revealed that LAMC1 transcript levels were higher in high-grade than those in low-grade endometrioid carcinoma. Silencing LAMC1 expression by siRNAs in a high-grade endometrioid carcinoma cell line did not affect its proliferative activity but significantly suppressed cell motility and invasion in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that laminin γ1 may contribute to the development and progression of uterine carcinoma, likely through enhancing tumor cell motility and invasion. Laminin γ1 warrants further investigation regarding its role as a biomarker and therapeutic target in uterine carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Kashima
- Kelly Gynecologic Oncology Service, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yihong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Abdulrahman K Sinno
- Kelly Gynecologic Oncology Service, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tsutomu Miyamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tanri Shiozawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Amanda N Fader
- Kelly Gynecologic Oncology Service, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Kelly Gynecologic Oncology Service, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kobayashi Y, Kashima H, Wu RC, Jung JG, Kuan JC, Gu J, Xuan J, Sokoll L, Visvanathan K, Shih IM, Wang TL. Mevalonate Pathway Antagonist Suppresses Formation of Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma and Ovarian Carcinoma in Mouse Models. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:4652-62. [PMID: 26109099 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-3368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Statins are among the most frequently prescribed drugs because of their efficacy and low toxicity in treating hypercholesterolemia. Recently, statins have been reported to inhibit the proliferative activity of cancer cells, especially those with TP53 mutations. Because TP53 mutations occur in almost all ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), we determined whether statins suppressed tumor growth in animal models of ovarian cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Two ovarian cancer mouse models were used. The first one was a genetically engineered model, mogp-TAg, in which the promoter of oviduct glycoprotein-1 was used to drive the expression of SV40 T-antigen in gynecologic tissues. These mice spontaneously developed serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STICs), which are known as ovarian cancer precursor lesions. The second model was a xenograft tumor model in which human ovarian cancer cells were inoculated into immunocompromised mice. Mice in both models were treated with lovastatin, and effects on tumor growth were monitored. The molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of lovastatin were also investigated. RESULTS Lovastatin significantly reduced the development of STICs in mogp-TAg mice and inhibited ovarian tumor growth in the mouse xenograft model. Knockdown of prenylation enzymes in the mevalonate pathway recapitulated the lovastatin-induced antiproliferative phenotype. Transcriptome analysis indicated that lovastatin affected the expression of genes associated with DNA replication, Rho/PLC signaling, glycolysis, and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways, suggesting that statins have pleiotropic effects on tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS The above results suggest that repurposing statin drugs for ovarian cancer may provide a promising strategy to prevent and manage this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Kashima
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Gyoung Jung
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jen-Chun Kuan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jinghua Gu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Jianhua Xuan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Lori Sokoll
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Gynecology/Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Gynecology/Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lee SH, Kim H, Kim WY, Han HS, Lim SD, Kim WS, Kim S, Hwang TS. Genetic alteration and immunohistochemical staining patterns of ovarian high-grade serous adenocarcinoma with special emphasis on p53 immnnostaining pattern. Pathol Int 2014; 63:252-9. [PMID: 23714252 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated p53, KRAS, BRAF and CTNNB1 mutation and p53, WT1, p16 and beta-catenin expression in 31 ovarian high-grade serous adenocarcinoma. Twenty-five (80.6%) tumors contained functional mutations of p53; three frameshift, four nonsense and 19 missense mutations. None of the tumors showed KRAS, BRAF or CTNNB1 mutation. In all 18 tumors with missense mutations, ≥60% of tumor cells were strongly positive for p53 immunostaining whereas all tumors with frameshift or nonsense mutations were completely negative. Missense mutation was correlated with diffuse and strong imunoreaction and frameshift/nonsense mutation was correlated with completely negative immunoreaction (P = 0.000). Tumors with wild-type p53 revealed a wide range of immunostaining patterns. In 27 (87.1%) and 18 (58.1%) tumors, ≥50% of tumor cells were moderate to strongly positive for WT1 and p16, respectively. A considerable intratumoral heterogeneity for p16 expression was present. None of the tumors demonstrated nuclear beta-catenin expression. p53 mutations appear to be a powerful molecular marker for ovarian high-grade serous adenocarcinoma. Using p53 with an appropriate interpretation criteria together with WT1, p16 and beta-catenin, most of the high-grade serous adenocarcinoma could be distinguished from other ovarian tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 143-729, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li HX, Lu ZH, Shen K, Cheng WJ, Malpica A, Zhang J, Wei JJ, Zhang ZH, Liu J. Advances in serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma: correlation with high grade serous carcinoma and ovarian carcinogenesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:848-57. [PMID: 24696706 PMCID: PMC3971287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Early serous carcinoma in fallopian tube or serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), an early lesion limited to the epithelium of the fallopian tube and firstly identified from specimen obtained by prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy, has provided insight into pelvic high grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). Increasing evidence indicates that STIC is a likely precursor for HGSC and several studies have focused on this lesion and its clinical significance. This review addresses recent advances in recognizing STIC and its correlation with HGSC and ovarian carcinogenesis. It also describes evidence regarding the fallopian tube as a source of some HGSCs, the protocol for optimizing histological evaluation of the tubes, the spectrum of tubal lesions from benign to noninvasive carcinoma, changes in diagnostic criteria from purely morphologic characteristics to a combination of morphologic features and molecular biomarkers, and new studies about potential biomarkers. However, the direct evidence regarding STIC as the precursor of HGSC is still tantalizing due to other possibilities that may also explain the origin of pelvic HGSC. Further molecular genetic studies are required to address this important question.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Zhao-Hui Lu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing, P. R. China
| | - Keng Shen
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Anais Malpica
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Forth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shanaxi, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Wei
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhi-Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
The pathogenesis of atypical proliferative Brenner tumor: an immunohistochemical and molecular genetic analysis. Mod Pathol 2014; 27:231-7. [PMID: 23887305 PMCID: PMC4612641 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2013.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Brenner tumors are ovarian tumors, usually benign, containing epithelium that resembles transitional epithelium. As with other epithelial tumors there exist frankly malignant tumors and tumors that display greater proliferation than the benign Brenner tumors but lack destructive infiltrative growth, and these have been designated 'atypical proliferative' (borderline) Brenner tumors. There have been no well-documented cases of atypical proliferative Brenner tumors that have exhibited malignant behavior. Based on shared morphologic features it is generally believed that atypical proliferative Brenner tumors develop from benign Brenner tumors. The aim of the present study was to confirm this impression by investigating the immunohistochemical and molecular genetic features of benign and atypical proliferative Brenner tumors. Immunohistochemical staining for p16, fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) for CDKN2A (p16-encoding gene) and mutational analysis of the genes commonly mutated in ovarian tumors were performed. p16 immunostaining was positive in the epithelial component of 12 (92%) of 13 benign Brenner tumors, but completely negative in all 7 atypical proliferative Brenner tumors. FISH identified homozygous deletion of CDKN2A in the epithelial component of all atypical proliferative Brenner tumors, but CDKN2A was retained in all benign Brenner tumors. Two PIK3CA somatic mutations were detected in the stromal component in 1 (5%) of 20 Brenner tumors and 3 somatic mutations (1 in KRAS and 2 in PIK3CA) were identified in the atypical epithelial component of 2 (29%) of 7 atypical proliferative Brenner tumors. In summary, our findings suggest that loss of CDKN2A and, to a lesser extent, KRAS and PIK3CA somatic mutations have a role in the progression of a benign to an atypical proliferative Brenner tumor.
Collapse
|
35
|
Erickson BK, Conner MG, Landen CN. The role of the fallopian tube in the origin of ovarian cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 209:409-14. [PMID: 23583217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Advanced cases of epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, and primary tubal malignancies have a relatively poor prognosis and collectively remain the most deadly of all gynecologic malignancies. Although traditionally thought of as one disease process, ongoing research suggests that there is not 1 single site or cell type from which these cancers arise. A majority of the serous tumors appear to originate from dysplastic lesions in the distal fallopian tube. Therefore, what we have traditionally considered "ovarian" cancer may in fact be tubal in origin. In this article, we will review epithelial ovarian cancer classification and genetics, theories regarding cells of origin with a focus on tubal intraepithelial carcinoma, and implications for prevention and screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Britt K Erickson
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kuhn E, Ayhan A, Shih IM, Seidman JD, Kurman RJ. Ovarian Brenner tumour: a morphologic and immunohistochemical analysis suggesting an origin from fallopian tube epithelium. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49:3839-49. [PMID: 24012099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brenner tumours (BTs), like other epithelial ovarian tumours, are thought to develop from the ovarian surface epithelium. AIM AND METHODS We hypothesised that BTs arise from transitional metaplasia near the tuboperitoneal junction which, when embedded in the ovary as Walthard cell nests, may progress to BTs. The aim of this study was to validate this hypothesis by a morphologic and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. RESULTS The IHC analysis revealed that fallopian tube secretory cells, transitional metaplasia, Walthard cell nests and the epithelial component of BTs shared a similar IHC profile, consistently expressing AKR1C3 (an enzyme involved in androgen biosynthesis) and androgen receptor, but not calretinin. The tumour stromal cells that immediately surrounded the epithelial nests showed strong expression of calretinin, inhibin and steroidogenic factor 1 (markers of steroidogenic cells) in the majority of BTs. Using a highly sensitive immunofluorescent staining method, we detected small groups of cilia in transitional metaplasia and Walthard cell nests, multifocal stretches of cilia and/or ciliated vacuoles in benign BTs and well-developed cilia in atypical proliferative BTs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a tubal origin of BTs through transitional metaplasia and Walthard cell nests, based on their anatomic proximity, similar IHC profile and the presence of cilia. In addition, we hypothesise a role of androgenic stimulation in the pathogenesis of BT, based on the IHC staining pattern of calretinin, inhibin and steroidogenic factor 1 expressed in the luteinised stromal cells surrounding the epithelial nests of the tumours, and AKR1C3 and androgen receptor expressed in both the epithelial and stromal components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Kuhn
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Nik NN, Vang R, Shih IM, Kurman RJ. Origin and pathogenesis of pelvic (ovarian, tubal, and primary peritoneal) serous carcinoma. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2013; 9:27-45. [PMID: 23937438 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-020712-163949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A new paradigm for the pathogenesis of female pelvic cancer helps explain persistent problems in describing the development and diverse morphology of these neoplasms. This paradigm incorporates recent advances in the molecular pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with new insights into the origin of these tumors. Correlated clinicopathologic and molecular genetic studies gave rise to a dualistic model that divides the various histologic types of EOCs into two broad categories designated type I and type II. Because serous carcinomas are the most common EOC and account for the vast majority of deaths, they form the subject of this review. Recent studies indicate that the precursor of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma appears to develop from an occult intraepithelial carcinoma in the fimbria of the fallopian tube and involves the ovary secondarily. Another possible mechanism is implantation of normal fimbrial epithelium on the denuded ovarian surface at the site of rupture when ovulation occurs, causing the development of cortical inclusion cysts. The dualistic model serves as a framework for the study of ovarian cancer and can help investigators organize this complex group of neoplasms. It also facilitates the development of novel approaches to prevention, screening, and treatment of this devastating disease.
Collapse
|
38
|
Chene G, Dauplat J, Radosevic-Robin N, Cayre A, Penault-Llorca F. Tu-be or not tu-be: that is the question… about serous ovarian carcinogenesis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; 88:134-43. [PMID: 23523591 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2012] [Revised: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the early natural history of epithelial ovarian carcinoma is limited by the access to early lesions as the disease is very often diagnosed at advanced stages. The incessant ovulation theory from the last century that indicated the ovary as the site for the initiation of high-grade serous cancers is contrary to the newly emerging idea that ovarian cancer could arise from the distal fallopian tube. In view of the recent pathological and molecular studies, we propose to discuss the genesis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Chene
- Department of Histopathology, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Surgery, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU St Etienne, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chene G, Rahimi K, Mes-Masson AM, Provencher D. Surgical implications of the potential new tubal pathway for ovarian carcinogenesis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2013; 20:153-9. [PMID: 23332575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2012.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Since 2001, many studies by different investigators have demonstrated that the fallopian tube might be at the origin of most high-grade ovarian and peritoneal serous carcinomas. Simple changes in surgical practice (ie, prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy instead of salpingo-oophorectomy) could have significant implications for death from ovarian cancer and, on the other hand, for the morbidity caused by ovariectomy (surgical menopause). In this review, we describe the new tubal carcinogenic sequence, the advantages and disadvantages of exclusive use of salpingectomy in the general population, and in cases of hereditary predisposition to ovarian cancer such as for carriers of BRCA mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Chene
- Research Centre of the University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal Cancer Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|