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Del Bufalo D, Damia G. Overview of BH3 mimetics in ovarian cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 129:102771. [PMID: 38875743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related death, still with a dismal five-year prognosis, mainly due to late diagnosis and the emergence of resistance to cytotoxic and targeted agents. Bcl-2 family proteins have a key role in apoptosis and are associated with tumor development/progression and response to therapy in different cancer types, including ovarian carcinoma. In tumors, evasion of apoptosis is a possible mechanism of resistance to therapy. BH3 mimetics are small molecules that occupy the hydrophobic pocket on pro-survival proteins, allowing the induction of apoptosis, and are currently under study as single agents and/or in combination with cytotoxic and targeted agents in solid tumors. Here, we discuss recent advances in targeting anti-apoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family for the treatment of ovarian cancer, focusing on BH3 mimetics, and how these approaches could potentially offer an alternative/complementary way to treat patients and overcome or delay resistance to current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Del Bufalo
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Laboratory of Gynecological Preclinical Oncology, Experimental Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via M. Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy.
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2
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Feng Q, Sun L, Sualeh MJ, Zhao Q, Zhao S, Cui Z, Inadera H. Hernandezine promotes cancer cell apoptosis and disrupts the lysosomal acidic environment and cathepsin D maturation. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:387-401. [PMID: 38796213 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60638-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Hernandezine (Her), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Thalictrum flavum, is recognized for its range of biological activities inherent to this herbal medicine. Despite its notable properties, the anti-cancer effects of Her have remained largely unexplored. In this study, we elucidated that Her significantly induced cytotoxicity in cancer cells through the activation of apoptosis and necroptosis mechanisms. Furthermore, Her triggered autophagosome formation by activating the AMPK and ATG5 conjugation systems, leading to LC3 lipidation. Our findings revealed that Her caused damage to the mitochondrial membrane, with the damaged mitochondria undergoing mitophagy, as evidenced by the elevated expression of mitophagy markers. Conversely, Her disrupted autophagic flux, demonstrated by the upregulation of p62 and accumulation of autolysosomes, as observed in the RFP-GFP-LC3 reporter assay. Initially, we determined that Her did not prevent the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. However, it inhibited the maturation of cathepsin D and increased lysosomal pH, indicating an impairment of lysosomal function. The use of the early-stage autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA), did not suppress LC3II, suggesting that Her also induces noncanonical autophagy in autophagosome formation. The application of Bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of noncanonical autophagy, diminished the recruitment of ATG16L1 and the accumulation of LC3II by Her, thereby augmenting Her-induced cell death. These observations imply that while autophagy initially plays a protective role, the disruption of the autophagic process by Her promotes programmed cell death. This study provides the first evidence of Her's dual role in inducing apoptosis and necroptosis while also initiating and subsequently impairing autophagy to promote apoptotic cell death. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying programmed cell death, offering potential avenues for enhancing cancer prevention and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Feng
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8501, Japan
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Muhammad Jibran Sualeh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 57545, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qingli Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8501, Japan
| | - Songji Zhao
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Fukushima Global Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima City, Fukushima 960-8074, Japan
| | - Zhengguo Cui
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8580, Japan.
| | - Hidekuni Inadera
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8501, Japan.
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Rahman SMT, Zhou W, Deiters A, Haugh JM. Dissection of MKK6 and p38 Signaling Using Light-Activated Protein Kinases. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300551. [PMID: 37856284 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Stress-activated signaling pathways orchestrate cellular behaviors and fates. Studying the precise role(s) of stress-activated protein kinases is challenging, because stress conditions induce adaptation and impose selection pressure. To meet this challenge, we have applied an optogenetic system with a single plasmid to express light-activated p38α or its upstream activator, MKK6, in conjunction with live-cell fluorescence microscopy. In starved cells, decaging of constitutively active p38α or MKK6 by brief exposure to UV light elicits rapid p38-mediated signaling, release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and apoptosis with different kinetics. In parallel, light activation of p38α also suppresses autophagosome formation, similarly to stimulation with growth factors that activate PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling. Active MKK6 negatively regulates serum-induced ERK activity, which is p38-independent as previously reported. Here, we reproduce that result with the one plasmid system and show that although decaging active p38α does not reduce basal ERK activity in our cells, it can block growth factor-stimulated ERK signaling in serum-starved cells. These results clarify the roles of MKK6 and p38α in dynamic signaling programs, which act in concert to actuate apoptotic death while suppressing cell survival mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Md Toufiqur Rahman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7905, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Wenyuan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Jason M Haugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7905, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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Rodrigues P, Bangali H, Hammoud A, Mustafa YF, Al-Hetty HRAK, Alkhafaji AT, Deorari MM, Al-Taee MM, Zabibah RS, Alsalamy A. COX 2-inhibitors; a thorough and updated survey into combinational therapies in cancers. Med Oncol 2024; 41:41. [PMID: 38165473 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes are pivotal in inflammation and cancer development. COX-2, in particular, has been implicated in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. Recently, COX-2 inhibitors have arisen as potential therapeutic agents in cancer treatment. In addition, combining COX inhibitors with other treatment modalities has demonstrated the potential to improve therapeutic efficacy. This review aims to investigate the effects of COX inhibition, both alone and in combination with other methods, on signaling pathways and carcinogenesis in various cancers. In this study, a literature search of all major academic databases was conducted (PubMed, Scholar google), including the leading research on the mechanisms of COX-2, COX-2 inhibitors, monotherapy with COX-2 inhibitors, and combining COX-2-inhibitors with chemotherapeutic agents in tumors. The study encompasses preclinical and clinical evidence, highlighting the positive findings and the potential implications for clinical practice. According to preclinical studies, multiple signaling pathways implicated in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis can be suppressed by inhibiting COX. In addition, combining COX inhibitors with chemotherapy drugs, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and miRNA-based approaches has enhanced anti-tumor activity. These results suggest that combination therapy has the potential to overcome resistance mechanisms and improve treatment outcomes. However, caution must be exercised when selecting and administering combination regimens. Not all combinations of COX-2 inhibitors with other drugs result in synergistic effects; some may even have unfavorable interactions. Therefore, personalized approaches that consider the specific characteristics of the cancer and the medications involved are crucial for optimizing therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, as monotherapy or combined with other methods, COX inhibition bears promise in modulating signaling pathways and inhibiting carcinogenesis in various cancers. Additional studies and well-designed clinical trials are required to completely elucidate the efficacy of COX inhibition and combination therapy in enhancing cancer treatment outcomes. This narrative review study provides a detailed summary of COX-2 monotherapy and combination targeted therapy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Rodrigues
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Al-Faraa, Asir-Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Harun Bangali
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Al-Faraa, Asir-Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Hammoud
- Department of Medical and Technical Information Technology, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia.
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref Campus, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, Kuwait.
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | | | | | - Maha Medha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- College of Medical Technique, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, 66002, Iraq
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Cotino-Nájera S, Herrera LA, Domínguez-Gómez G, Díaz-Chávez J. Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol as chemo and radiosensitizer in cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1287505. [PMID: 38026933 PMCID: PMC10667487 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1287505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the primary diseases that cause death worldwide is cancer. Cancer cells can be intrinsically resistant or acquire resistance to therapies and drugs used for cancer treatment through multiple mechanisms of action that favor cell survival and proliferation, becoming one of the leading causes of treatment failure against cancer. A promising strategy to overcome chemoresistance and radioresistance is the co-administration of anticancer agents and natural compounds with anticancer properties, such as the polyphenolic compound resveratrol (RSV). RSV has been reported to be able to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy, promoting cancer cell death. This review describes the reported molecular mechanisms by which RSV sensitizes tumor cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cotino-Nájera
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis A. Herrera
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud-Tecnológico de Monterrey, México City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Domínguez-Gómez
- Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCAN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Díaz-Chávez
- Unidad de Investigación en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Zajac KK, Malla S, Babu RJ, Raman D, Tiwari AK. Ethnic disparities in the immune microenvironment of triple negative breast cancer and its role in therapeutic outcomes. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6 Suppl 1:e1779. [PMID: 36632988 PMCID: PMC10440847 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2020, newly diagnosed breast cancer (BC) cases surpassed that of lung cancer among women, making it the most common female cancer globally. In spite of recent increases in incidence rates, mortality due to BC has declined since 1989. These declines have been attributed to advancements in treatment modalities as well as increased mammography surveillance. Despite these advances, African American (AA) women are 40% more likely to die from BC than Caucasian women. Multifactorial etiology has been implicated in the disparity of BC mortality rates among AA women. As an example, AA women have a disproportionate incidence of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which has a poor prognosis and marginal treatment options. Increasingly, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has gained relevance as it relates to primary tumor progression, metastasis and treatment possibilities. The treatment outcomes or pathological complete response (pCR) in TNBC among AA women are affected by differences in TME. The TME of AA women exhibit several variances in acellular and cellular components associated with pro-tumorigenic effects. For example, increased levels of the adipocyte-related hormone, resistin, the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-6, and the CC chemokine, CCL2, within the TME of AA women gives rise to an increased density of M2 macrophages, also known as tumor-associated macrophages. Elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in the TME of AA women increase the vascular density or vascularity, which facilitate aggressive tumor growth and metastasis. Furthermore, a pro-tumorigenic TME is supported by increased levels of the CXC chemokine, CXCL12 that results in the recruitment of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs ). Due to these and other differences in the TME of AA women, precision oncology can target specific aspects of the TME that may contribute to a poorer prognosis. In addition to the discrepancies in the TME, AA women face socio-economic barriers that limit their ability to access state-of-the-art, novel therapies against metastatic TNBC. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of the tumor immune microenvironment, immune-based treatment options for TNBC and their potential to decrease health disparities due to ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsee K. Zajac
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsThe University of ToledoToledoOhioUSA
| | - Saloni Malla
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsThe University of ToledoToledoOhioUSA
| | - Ramapuram Jayachandra Babu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of PharmacyAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA
| | - Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Toledo Health Science CampusToledoOhioUSA
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsThe University of ToledoToledoOhioUSA
- Department of Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Toledo Health Science CampusToledoOhioUSA
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Kannampuzha S, Gopalakrishnan AV. Cancer chemoresistance and its mechanisms: Associated molecular factors and its regulatory role. Med Oncol 2023; 40:264. [PMID: 37550533 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer therapy has advanced from tradition chemotherapy methods to targeted therapy, novel drug delivery mechanisms, combination therapies etc. Although several novel chemotherapy strategies have been introduced, chemoresistance still remains as one of the major barriers in cancer treatments. Chemoresistance can lead to relapse and hinder the development of improved clinical results for cancer patients, and this continues to be the major hurdle in cancer therapy. Anticancer drugs acquire chemoresistance through different mechanisms. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial to overcome and increase the efficiency of the cancer therapies that are employed. The potential molecular pathways behind chemoresistance include tumor heterogeneity, elevated drug efflux, multidrug resistance, interconnected signaling pathways, and other factors. To surpass this limitation, new clinical tactics are to be introduced. This review aims to compile the most recent information on the molecular pathways that regulate chemoresistance in cancers, which will aid in development of new therapeutic targets and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kannampuzha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Singh Kushwah A, Srivastava K, Banerjee M. Differential expression of DNA repair genes and treatment outcome of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in cervical cancer. Gene 2023; 868:147389. [PMID: 36963733 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CaCx) is the malignancy of uterine cervix which induce by human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. HPV infection starts with the induction of double-stranded breaks by increasing oxidative stress and modulation of DNA repair pathways. Deficiency in DNA repair pathways and accumulation of DNA damage increases mutation rates resulting in genomic instability and cancer development. Patients with HPV-associated CaCx display increased sensitivity to cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and improved survival rates. However, the cellular mechanisms responsible for this characteristic difference are unclear. Here, we have evaluated expression of DNA repair genes in peripheral blood cells and correlated them with treatment outcomes. A total of 211 study subjects includes in the study comprised 103 CaCx patients and 108 healthy controls. All the study subjects were analyzed for the expression profile of DNA repair genes by using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The differentially expressed DNA repair gene was correlated with the treatment outcome of CRT. OGG1, XRCC2, XRCC3, XRCC4 and XRCC6 genes were found to be significant (P=0.001) down-regulated as compared to controls. While XRCC5 and RAD51 showed significant up-regulated (P=0.024 and 0.041) in CaCx patients. XRCC6 was associated (P=0.033) with poor vital while up-regulated RAD51 showed slight association (P=0.075) with better vital with an increased 2.96- and 2.33-fold risk in the study population. In the case of overall survival, down-regulated XRCC4 was associated (P=0.042) with poor survival (27 months) with the least hazard ratio (0.56 HR). Down-regulated OGG1 involved BER, XRCC2 and XRCC3 in homologous recombination and XRCC4, XRCC5 and XRCC6 in Non-homologous end-joining repair, which showed a deficiency of DNA repair capacity resulting caused of an accumulation of DNA damage and genome instability. Impaired DNA repair gene expression is responsible for poor prognosis and survival in CaCx. Therefore, these gene expressions can be considered a potential prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for CaCx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atar Singh Kushwah
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, Uttar Pradesh, India; Center for NanoBiotechnology Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Kirti Srivastava
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow-226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monisha Banerjee
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Jeynes-Smith C, Araujo RP. Protein-protein complexes can undermine ultrasensitivity-dependent biological adaptation. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20220553. [PMID: 36596458 PMCID: PMC9810431 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Robust perfect adaptation (RPA) is a ubiquitously observed signalling response across all scales of biological organization. A major class of network architectures that drive RPA in complex networks is the Opposer module-a feedback-regulated network into which specialized integral-computing 'opposer node(s)' are embedded. Although ultrasensitivity-generating chemical reactions have long been considered a possible mechanism for such adaptation-conferring opposer nodes, this hypothesis has relied on simplified Michaelian models, which neglect the presence of protein-protein complexes. Here we develop complex-complete models of interlinked covalent-modification cycles with embedded ultrasensitivity, explicitly capturing all molecular interactions and protein complexes. Strikingly, we demonstrate that the presence of protein-protein complexes thwarts the network's capacity for RPA in any 'free' active protein form, conferring RPA capacity instead on the concentration of a larger protein pool consisting of two distinct forms of a single protein. We further show that the presence of enzyme-substrate complexes, even at comparatively low concentrations, play a crucial and previously unrecognized role in controlling the RPA response-significantly reducing the range of network inputs for which RPA can obtain, and imposing greater parametric requirements on the RPA response. These surprising results raise fundamental new questions as to the biochemical requirements for adaptation-conferring Opposer modules within complex cellular networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Jeynes-Smith
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - R. P. Araujo
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Adil M, Kanwal S, Rasheed S, Iqbal M, Abbas G. Cancer Chemoresistance; Recent Challenges and Future Considerations. Cancer Treat Res 2023; 185:237-253. [PMID: 37306912 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the serious health hazards and major causes of human mortality across the world. Despite the development of many typical antineoplastic drugs and introduction of novel targeted agents, chemoresistance constitutes a major challenge in the effective therapeutic management of cancer. Drug inactivation, efflux of anticancer agents, modification of target sites, enhanced repair of DNA damage, apoptosis failure and induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition are the principal mechanisms of cancer chemoresistance. Moreover, epigenetics, cell signaling, tumor heterogeneity, stem cells, microRNAs, endoplasmic reticulum, tumor microenvironment and exosomes have also been implicated in the multifaceted phenomenon of anticancer drug resistance. The tendency of resistance is either intrinsically possessed or subsequently acquired by cancerous cells. From clinical oncology standpoint, therapeutic failure and tumor progression are the most probable consequences of cancer chemoresistance. Combination therapy can help to overcome the issue of drug resistance, and therefore, the development of such treatment regimens is recommended for counteracting the emergence and dissemination of cancer chemoresistance. This chapter outlines the current knowledge on underlying mechanisms, contributory biological factors and likely consequences of cancer chemoresistance. Besides, prognostic biomarkers, diagnostic methods and potential approaches to overcome the emergence of antineoplastic drug resistance have also been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adil
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Jhang Campus, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan.
| | - Shamsa Kanwal
- Microbiology Section, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Jhang Campus, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Sarmad Rasheed
- Microbiology Section, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Jhang Campus, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Mavara Iqbal
- Microbiology Section, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Jhang Campus, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Ghazanfar Abbas
- Microbiology Section, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Jhang Campus, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
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Araujo RP, Liotta LA. Design Principles Underlying Robust Adaptation of Complex Biochemical Networks. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2634:3-32. [PMID: 37074572 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3008-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical networks are often characterized by tremendous complexity-both in terms of the sheer number of interacting molecules ("nodes") and in terms of the varied and incompletely understood interactions among these molecules ("interconnections" or "edges"). Strikingly, the vast and intricate networks of interacting proteins that exist within each living cell have the capacity to perform remarkably robustly, and reproducibly, despite significant variations in concentrations of the interacting components from one cell to the next and despite mutability over time of biochemical parameters. Here we consider the ubiquitously observed and fundamentally important signalling response known as robust perfect adaptation (RPA). We have recently shown that all RPA-capable networks, even the most complex ones, must satisfy an extremely rigid set of design principles, and are modular, being decomposable into just two types of network building-blocks-opposer modules and balancer modules. Here we present an overview of the design principles that characterize all RPA-capable network topologies through a detailed examination of a collection of simple examples. We also introduce a diagrammatic method for studying the potential of a network to exhibit RPA, which may be applied without a detailed knowledge of the complex mathematical principles governing RPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn P Araujo
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia.
| | - Lance A Liotta
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
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12
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Abdelaziz HE, El-Guendy N, Radwan EM, Sharawi SK, El Houseini ME, Abdel-Wahab AHA. Possible Use of miR-223-3p as a Prognostic Marker in Transarterial Chemoembolization Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:4125-4135. [PMID: 36579994 PMCID: PMC9971467 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.12.4125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Transcatheter chemoembolization (TACE) is the recommended therapy for intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Unfortunately, one of the main reasons for its failure is the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR). Therefore, this study explored the possibility of using MDR-related miRNA as a response biomarker in HCC patients treated with doxorubicin drug-eluting bead TACE (DEB-TACE). PATIENTS AND METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to evaluate the expression level of 14 MDR-related miRNAs in doxorubicin-resistant HepG2 cells (HepG2/Dox) developed by single-dose of doxorubicin mimicking the situation of liver cells surviving TACE. The sera level of miR-223-3p, which was the most significantly downregulated in the HepG2 cells, was determined in 60 primary HCC patients undergoing TACE. Restoring miR-223-3p in HepG2/Dox cell line was achieved by its mimic transfection. Cell sensitivity was measured by SRB assay. Cell apoptosis and doxorubicin uptake were assessed by flow cytometry. The expression of miR-223-3p target protein, P-glycoprotein, was evaluated using qRT-PCR and western blotting. RESULTS We detected a significant downregulation of circulating miR-223-3p in patients non-responders to TACE treatment compared with responders. The expression of miR-223-3p was markedly decreased in resistant HepG2/Dox cells compared to the parental control. In addition, the expression of miR-223-3p was found to be inversely correlated with P-glycoprotein expression thus confirming the role of miR-223-3p in MDR. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-223-3p suppressed P-glycoprotein which promoted cellular uptake of doxorubicin and increased apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a potential role for miR-233-3p as a prognostic as well as a therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba E. Abdelaziz
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nadia El-Guendy
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Enas M Radwan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, 1 Kasr El Eini Street Fom ElKhalig, 11796 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sabry K Sharawi
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Motawa E El Houseini
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abdel-Hady A Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. ,For Correspondence:
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13
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Eljack S, David S, Faggad A, Chourpa I, Allard-Vannier E. Nanoparticles design considerations to co-deliver nucleic acids and anti-cancer drugs for chemoresistance reversal. Int J Pharm X 2022; 4:100126. [PMID: 36147518 PMCID: PMC9486027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2022.100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance and hence the consequent treatment failure is considerably challenging in clinical cancer therapeutics. The understanding of the genetic variations in chemoresistance acquisition encouraged the use of gene modulatory approaches to restore anti-cancer drug efficacy. Many smart nanoparticles are designed and optimized to mediate combinational therapy between nucleic acid and anti-cancer drugs. This review aims to define a rational design of such co-loaded nanocarriers with the aim of chemoresistance reversal at various cellular levels to improve the therapeutic outcome of anticancer treatment. Going through the principles of therapeutics loading, physicochemical characteristics tuning, and different nanocarrier modifications, also looking at combination effectiveness on chemosensitivity restoration. Up to now, these emerging nanocarriers are in development status but are expected to introduce outstanding outcomes.
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14
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Köhler B, Dubovik S, Hörterer E, Wilk U, Stöckl JB, Tekarslan-Sahin H, Ljepoja B, Paulitschke P, Fröhlich T, Wagner E, Roidl A. Combating Drug Resistance by Exploiting miRNA-200c-Controlled Phase II Detoxification. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225554. [PMID: 36428646 PMCID: PMC9688189 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired drug resistance constitutes a serious obstacle to the successful therapy of cancer. In the process of therapy resistance, microRNAs can play important roles. In order to combat resistance formation and to improve the efficacy of chemotherapeutics, the mechanisms of the multifaceted hsa-miR-200c on drug resistance were elucidated. Upon knockout of hsa-miR-200c in breast carcinoma cells, a proteomic approach identified altered expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) when cells were treated with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. In different hsa-miR-200c expression systems, such as knockout, inducible sponge and inducible overexpression, the differential expression of all members of the GST family was evaluated. Expression of hsa-miR-200c in cancer cells led to the repression of a multitude of these GSTs and as consequence, enhanced drug-induced tumor cell death which was evaluated for two chemotherapeutic drugs. Additionally, the influence of hsa-miR-200c on the glutathione pathway, which is part of the phase II detoxification mechanism, was investigated. Finally, the long-term effects of hsa-miR-200c on drug efficacy were studied in vitro and in vivo. Upon doxycycline induction of hsa-miR-200c, MDA-MB 231 xenograft mouse models revealed a strongly reduced tumor growth and an enhanced treatment response to doxorubicin. A combined treatment of these tumors with hsa-miR-200c and doxorubicin resulted in complete regression of the tumor in 60% of the animals. These results identify hsa-miR-200c as an important player regulating the cellular phase II detoxification, thus sensitizing cancer cells not expressing this microRNA to chemotherapeutics and reversing drug resistance through suppression of GSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Köhler
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sviatlana Dubovik
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Hörterer
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wilk
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Bernd Stöckl
- Laboratory of Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Hande Tekarslan-Sahin
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Bojan Ljepoja
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory of Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Roidl
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-2180-77456
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15
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Wang Y, Xue H, Song W, Xiao S, Jing F, Dong T, Wang L. Chidamide with PEL regimen (prednisone, etoposide, lenalidomide) for elderly or frail patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma -results of a single center, retrospective cohort in China. Hematol Oncol 2022; 40:617-625. [PMID: 35165928 PMCID: PMC9790240 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Treatment for relapsed/refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) is evolving rapidly due to the emergence of novel drugs, of which histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are an important example. This study showed efficacy in patients with R/R DLBCL after failure of conventional therapies. We conducted a single-center, retrospective study of 34 frail or elderly R/R DLBCL patients who had been treated off-label with chidamide-containing regimens from 2018 to 2020. X2 or Fisher test were used to compare response rate and Kaplan-Meier method was used to perform the survival analyses which compared with log-rank test between different groups. The test standard was p < 0.05. In total, 34 patients with R/R DLBCL received CPEL+/-R for at least 1 cycle were included. Most of them were refractory patients (n = 28,82.4%). The interim objective response rate (ORR) was 73.5% (32.4% complete remission [CR]), and the ultimate ORR was 50.0% (35.3% CR). After a median follow-up of 13.1 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.5 months (95%CI 6.4-14.6) and the median overall survival (OS) was 19.3 months (95%CI 11.8-26.9). The 1 year expected PFS and OS rate was 43.0% and 73.7%, respectively. The most common grade 3/4 hematologic adverse events (AEs) were neutropenia (n = 11,32.3%) and anemia (n = 4, 11.8%) 0.23.5% (8/34) of all patients experienced grade 3/4 nonhematologic AEs. No treatment-related deaths were observed. The study showed chidamide-included regimen could be an option for R/R DLBCL patients ineligible for intensive chemotherapies. Current data showed favorable efficiency and moderate safety profile. Further study is warranted for better illustration of efficacy and usage in combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Wang
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Hongwei Xue
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Wei Song
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Shuxin Xiao
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Fanjing Jing
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Tieying Dong
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of PathologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
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16
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Esmaeili J, Barati A, Charelli LE. Discussing the final size and shape of the reconstructed tissues in tissue engineering. J Artif Organs 2022:10.1007/s10047-022-01360-1. [PMID: 36125581 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-022-01360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) has made a revolution in repairing, replacing, or regenerating tissues or organs, but it has still a long way ahead. The mechanical properties along with suitable physicochemical and biological characteristics are the initial criteria for scaffolds in TE that should be fulfilled. This research will provide another point of view toward TE challenges concerning the morphological and geometrical aspects of the reconstructed tissue and which parameters may affect it. Based on our survey, there is a high possibility that the final reconstructed tissue may be different in size and shape compared to the original design scaffold. Thereby, the 3D-printed scaffold might not guarantee an accurate tissue reconstruction. The main justification for this is the unpredicted behavior of cells, specifically in the outer layer of the scaffold. It can also be a concern when the scaffold is implanted while cell migration cannot be controlled through the in vivo signaling pathways, which might cause cancer challenges. To sum up, it is concluded that more studies are necessary to focus on the size and geometry of the final reconstructed tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Esmaeili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, 38156-88349, Iran.,Tissue Engineering Department, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran, Iran
| | - Aboulfazl Barati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, 38156-88349, Iran.
| | - Letícia Emiliano Charelli
- Nanotechnology Engineering Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Graduate Studies and Research in Engineering, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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17
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Zalpoor H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Forghaniesfidvajani R, Tavakol C, Farahighasreaboonasr F, Pakizeh F, Dana VG, Seif F. Quercetin as a JAK-STAT inhibitor: a potential role in solid tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:60. [PMID: 35883021 PMCID: PMC9327369 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway is involved in many immunological processes, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses. Some of these processes can contribute to cancer progression and neurodegeneration. Owing to the complexity of this pathway and its potential crosstalk with alternative pathways, monotherapy as targeted therapy has usually limited long-term efficacy. Currently, the majority of JAK-STAT-targeting drugs are still at preclinical stages. Meanwhile, a variety of plant polyphenols, especially quercetin, exert their inhibitory effects on the JAK-STAT pathway through known and unknown mechanisms. Quercetin has shown prominent inhibitory effects on the JAK-STAT pathway in terms of anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity, as well as control of neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses the pharmacological effects of quercetin on the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in solid tumors and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Forghaniesfidvajani
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Farid Pakizeh
- Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Ghobadi Dana
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Enghelab St., Aboureyhan St., Vahid Nazari Crossroad, P17, Tehran, Postal code: 1315795613 Iran
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18
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Antunes P, Cruz A, Barbosa J, Bonifácio VDB, Pinto SN. Lipid Droplets in Cancer: From Composition and Role to Imaging and Therapeutics. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030991. [PMID: 35164256 PMCID: PMC8840564 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second most common cause of death worldwide, having its origin in the abnormal growth of cells. Available chemotherapeutics still present major drawbacks, usually associated with high toxicity and poor distribution, with only a small fraction of drugs reaching the tumour sites. Thus, it is urgent to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Cancer cells can reprogram their lipid metabolism to sustain uncontrolled proliferation, and, therefore, accumulate a higher amount of lipid droplets (LDs). LDs are cytoplasmic organelles that store neutral lipids and are hypothesized to sequester anti-cancer drugs, leading to reduced efficacy. Thus, the increased biogenesis of LDs in neoplastic conditions makes them suitable targets for anticancer therapy and for the development of new dyes for cancer cells imaging. In recent years, cancer nanotherapeutics offered some exciting possibilities, including improvement tumour detection and eradication. In this review we summarize LDs biogenesis, structure and composition, and highlight their role in cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Antunes
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (P.A.); (A.C.); (J.B.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Adriana Cruz
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (P.A.); (A.C.); (J.B.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Barbosa
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (P.A.); (A.C.); (J.B.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vasco D. B. Bonifácio
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (P.A.); (A.C.); (J.B.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (V.D.B.B.); (S.N.P.)
| | - Sandra N. Pinto
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (P.A.); (A.C.); (J.B.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (V.D.B.B.); (S.N.P.)
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19
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Khan H, Alam W, Alsharif KF, Aschner M, Pervez S, Saso L. Alkaloids and Colon Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications for Cell Cycle Arrest. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030920. [PMID: 35164185 PMCID: PMC8838632 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second most fatal disease worldwide, with colon cancer being the third most prevalent and fatal form of cancer in several Western countries. The risk of acquisition of resistance to chemotherapy remains a significant hurdle in the management of various types of cancer, especially colon cancer. Therefore, it is essential to develop alternative treatment modalities. Naturally occurring alkaloids have been shown to regulate various mechanistic pathways linked to cell proliferation, cell cycle, and metastasis. This review aims to shed light on the potential of alkaloids as anti-colon-cancer chemotherapy agents that can modulate or arrest the cell cycle. Preclinical investigated alkaloids have shown anti-colon cancer activities and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest at different stages, suggesting that alkaloids may have the potential to act as anticancer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Waqas Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Khalaf F. Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099,Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Samreen Pervez
- Department of Pharmacy, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 29050, Pakistan;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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20
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Svensson CK. Attenuation of Response to Repeated Drug Administration: A Proposal for Differentiating Tachyphylaxis and Tolerance. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 381:22-32. [PMID: 35042786 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Attenuation of drug response with repeated administration is referred to as tachyphylaxis or tolerance, though the distinction between these two is obscured through both their usage in the literature and imprecise definitions in common pharmacology texts. In this perspective, I propose that these terms be distinguished by the mechanisms underlying the attenuation of drug response. Specifically, tachyphylaxis should be reserved for attenuation that occurs in response to cellular depletion, while tolerance be used to describe those that arise from cellular adaptations. A framework for understanding behavioral tolerance, physiological tolerance, and dispositional tolerance as distinct phenomena is also discussed. Using this framework, a classification of drugs exhibiting attenuation of drug response with repeated administration is presented. Significance Statement Distinction between tachyphylaxis and tolerance is unclear in the literature. Nonetheless, a mechanistic basis for distinguishing these important terms has practical implications for managing or preventing attenuation of drug response with repeated administration.
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21
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Role of NRF2 cascade in determining the differential response of cervical cancer cells to anticancer drugs: an in vitro study. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:109-119. [PMID: 34674139 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancers are usually treatable if detected in early stages by a combination of therapies. However, the prognosis of cervical cancer patients with metastasis remains unfavorable due to the fact that most of the cervical carcinomas are either resistant to anticancer drugs or show signs of relapse after initial treatment. Therefore, it is important to control the chemoresistance as it is the key to develop effective treatment options for cervical cancer. OBJECTIVE The current study aimed at evaluating the differential responses of cervical cancer cells to anti-cancer drugs and assessed whether the differences in the expression profiles of antioxidant genes regulated by nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), led to the variations in the sensitivities of the cancer cells to treatment. METHODOLOGY Three cervical cancer cell lines were investigated for their differences in NRF2 pathway by measuring the gene expression and enzyme activity. The differences in the sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs and variation in ROS profile was also evaluated. The addition of exogenous drugs to manipulate the intracellular ROS and its effect on NRF2 pathway genes was also investigated. RESULTS HeLa and SiHa cells were more sensitive to cisplatin and oxaliplatin treatment than C33A cells. HeLa and SiHa cells had significantly lower NRF2 gene levels, NQO1 enzyme activity and basal GSH levels than C33A cells. Levels of ROS induced were higher in HeLa than C33A cells. CONCLUSION Overall, the differences in the cellular levels of antioxidant regulatory genes led to the differential response of cervical cancer cells to anti-cancer drugs.
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22
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Mazurek M, Rola R. The implications of nitric oxide metabolism in the treatment of glial tumors. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105172. [PMID: 34461111 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glial tumors are the most common intracranial malignancies. Unfortunately, despite such a high prevalence, patients' prognosis is usually poor. It is related to the high invasiveness, tendency to relapse and the resistance of tumors to traditional methods of treatment. An important link in the aspect of these issues may be nitric oxide (NO) metabolism. It is a very complex mechanism with multidirectional effects on the neoplastic process. Depending on the concentration axis, it can both exert pro-tumor action as well as contribute to the inhibition of tumorigenesis. The latest observations show that the control of its metabolism can be very helpful in the development of new methods of treating gliomas, as well as in increasing the effectiveness of the agents currently used. The influence of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity on glioma stem cells seem to be of particular importance. The use of specific inhibitors may allow the reduction of tumor growth and its tendency to relapse. Another important feature of GSCs is their conditioning of glioma resistance to traditional forms of treatment. Recent studies have shown that modulation of NO metabolism can suppress this effect, preventing the induction of radio and chemoresistance. Moreover, nitric oxide is involved in the regulation of a number of immune mechanisms. Adequate modulation of its metabolism may contribute to the induction of an anti-tumor response in the patients' immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Mazurek
- Chair and Department of Neurosurgery and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University in Lublin, Poland.
| | - Radosław Rola
- Chair and Department of Neurosurgery and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University in Lublin, Poland
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23
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Jeynes-Smith C, Araujo RP. Ultrasensitivity and bistability in covalent-modification cycles with positive autoregulation. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2021; 477:20210069. [PMID: 35153570 PMCID: PMC8331239 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2021.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Switch-like behaviours in biochemical networks are of fundamental significance in biological signal processing, and exist as two distinct types: ultra-sensitivity and bistability. Here we propose two new models of a reversible covalent-modification cycle with positive autoregulation (PAR), a motif structure that is thought to be capable of both ultrasensitivity and bistability in different parameter regimes. These new models appeal to a modelling framework that we call complex-complete, which accounts fully for the molecular complexities of the underlying signalling mechanisms. Each of the two new models encodes a specific molecular mechanism for PAR. We demonstrate that the modelling simplifications for PAR models that have been used in previous work, which rely on Michaelian approximations, are unable to accurately recapitulate the qualitative signalling responses supported by our detailed models. Strikingly, we show that complex-complete PAR models are capable of new qualitative responses such as one-way switches and a 'prozone' effect, depending on the specific PAR-encoding mechanism, which are not supported by Michaelian simplifications. Our results highlight the critical importance of accurately representing the molecular details of biochemical signalling mechanisms, and strongly suggest that the Michaelian approximation is inadequate for predictive models of enzyme-mediated chemical reactions with added regulations such as PAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailan Jeynes-Smith
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robyn P. Araujo
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Brisbane, Australia
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24
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Inoue A, Robinson FS, Minelli R, Tomihara H, Rizi BS, Rose JL, Kodama T, Srinivasan S, Harris AL, Zuniga AM, Mullinax RA, Ma X, Seth S, Daniele JR, Peoples MD, Loponte S, Akdemir KC, Khor TO, Feng N, Roszik J, Sobieski MM, Brunell D, Stephan C, Giuliani V, Deem AK, Shingu T, Deribe YL, Menter DG, Heffernan TP, Viale A, Bristow CA, Kopetz S, Draetta GF, Genovese G, Carugo A. Sequential Administration of XPO1 and ATR Inhibitors Enhances Therapeutic Response in TP53-mutated Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterology 2021; 161:196-210. [PMID: 33745946 PMCID: PMC8238881 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Understanding the mechanisms by which tumors adapt to therapy is critical for developing effective combination therapeutic approaches to improve clinical outcomes for patients with cancer. METHODS To identify promising and clinically actionable targets for managing colorectal cancer (CRC), we conducted a patient-centered functional genomics platform that includes approximately 200 genes and paired this with a high-throughput drug screen that includes 262 compounds in four patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) from patients with CRC. RESULTS Both screening methods identified exportin 1 (XPO1) inhibitors as drivers of DNA damage-induced lethality in CRC. Molecular characterization of the cellular response to XPO1 inhibition uncovered an adaptive mechanism that limited the duration of response in TP53-mutated, but not in TP53-wild-type CRC models. Comprehensive proteomic and transcriptomic characterization revealed that the ATM/ATR-CHK1/2 axes were selectively engaged in TP53-mutant CRC cells upon XPO1 inhibitor treatment and that this response was required for adapting to therapy and escaping cell death. Administration of KPT-8602, an XPO1 inhibitor, followed by AZD-6738, an ATR inhibitor, resulted in dramatic antitumor effects and prolonged survival in TP53-mutant models of CRC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings anticipate tremendous therapeutic benefit and support the further evaluation of XPO1 inhibitors, especially in combination with DNA damage checkpoint inhibitors, to elicit an enduring clinical response in patients with CRC harboring TP53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Inoue
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Frederick S Robinson
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rosalba Minelli
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hideo Tomihara
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bahar Salimian Rizi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Johnathon L Rose
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Takahiro Kodama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sanjana Srinivasan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Angela L Harris
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Andy M Zuniga
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert A Mullinax
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sahil Seth
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph R Daniele
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael D Peoples
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sara Loponte
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kadir C Akdemir
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Tin Oo Khor
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ningping Feng
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jason Roszik
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mary M Sobieski
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - David Brunell
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Clifford Stephan
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Virginia Giuliani
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Angela K Deem
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Takashi Shingu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yonathan Lissanu Deribe
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David G Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy P Heffernan
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrea Viale
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher A Bristow
- Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Giulio F Draetta
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Giannicola Genovese
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Alessandro Carugo
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION) platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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25
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Wang F, Chen J, Liu J, Zeng H. Cancer theranostic platforms based on injectable polymer hydrogels. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3543-3575. [PMID: 33634800 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm02149k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Theranostic platforms that combine therapy with diagnosis not only prevent the undesirable biological responses that may occur when these processes are conducted separately, but also allow individualized therapies for patients. Polymer hydrogels have been employed to provide well-controlled drug release and targeted therapy in theranostics, where injectable hydrogels enable non-invasive treatment and monitoring with a single injection, offering greater patient comfort and efficient therapy. Efforts have been focused on applying injectable polymer hydrogels in theranostic research and clinical use. This review highlights recent progress in the design of injectable polymer hydrogels for cancer theranostics, particularly focusing on the elements/components of theranostic hydrogels, and their cross-linking strategies, structures, and performance with regard to drug delivery/tracking. Therapeutic agents and tracking modalities that are essential components of the theranostic platforms are introduced, and the design strategies, properties and applications of the injectable hydrogels developed via two approaches, namely chemical bonds and physical interactions, are described. The theranostic functions of the platforms are highly dependent on the architecture and components employed for the construction of hydrogels. Challenges currently presented by theranostic platforms based on injectable hydrogels are identified, and prospects of acquiring more comfortable and personalized therapies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, China. and Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Jingsi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Jifang Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, China.
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.
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26
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Mollaei M, Hassan ZM, Khorshidi F, Langroudi L. Chemotherapeutic drugs: Cell death- and resistance-related signaling pathways. Are they really as smart as the tumor cells? Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101056. [PMID: 33684837 PMCID: PMC7938256 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs kill cancer cells or control their progression all over the patient's body, while radiation- and surgery-based treatments perform in a particular site. Based on their mechanisms of action, they are classified into different groups, including alkylating substrates, antimetabolite agents, anti-tumor antibiotics, inhibitors of topoisomerase I and II, mitotic inhibitors, and finally, corticosteroids. Although chemotherapeutic drugs have brought about more life expectancy, two major and severe complications during chemotherapy are chemoresistance and tumor relapse. Therefore, we aimed to review the underlying intracellular signaling pathways involved in cell death and resistance in different chemotherapeutic drug families to clarify the shortcomings in the conventional single chemotherapy applications. Moreover, we have summarized the current combination chemotherapy applications, including numerous combined-, and encapsulated-combined-chemotherapeutic drugs. We further discussed the possibilities and applications of precision medicine, machine learning, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and whole-exome sequencing (WES) in promoting cancer immunotherapies. Finally, some of the recent clinical trials concerning the application of immunotherapies and combination chemotherapies were included as well, in order to provide a practical perspective toward the future of therapies in cancer cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Mollaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Fatemeh Khorshidi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Langroudi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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27
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Zangouei AS, Alimardani M, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of Doxorubicin resistance in breast tumor cells. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:213. [PMID: 33858435 PMCID: PMC8170947 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy is one of the most common treatment options for breast cancer (BC) patients. However, about half of the BC patients are chemotherapeutic resistant. Doxorubicin (DOX) is considered as one of the first line drugs in the treatment of BC patients whose function is negatively affected by multi drug resistance. Due to the severe side effects of DOX, it is very important to diagnose the DOX resistant BC patients. Therefore, assessment of molecular mechanisms involved in DOX resistance can improve the clinical outcomes in BC patients by introducing the novel therapeutic and diagnostic molecular markers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as members of the non-coding RNAs family have pivotal roles in various cellular processes including cell proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, aberrant miRNAs functions and expressions can be associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Moreover, due to miRNAs stability in body fluids, they can be considered as non-invasive diagnostic markers for the DOX response in BC patients. MAIN BODY In the present review, we have summarized all of the miRNAs that have been reported to be associated with DOX resistance in BC for the first time in the world. CONCLUSIONS Since, DOX has severe side effects; it is required to distinguish the non DOX-responders from responders to improve the clinical outcomes of BC patients. This review highlights the miRNAs as pivotal regulators of DOX resistance in breast tumor cells. Moreover, the present review paves the way of introducing a non-invasive panel of prediction markers for DOX response among BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sadra Zangouei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maliheh Alimardani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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28
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Yang Y, Jiang H, Li W, Chen L, Zhu W, Xian Y, Han Z, Yin L, Liu Y, Wang Y, Pan K, Zhang K. FOXM1/DVL2/Snail axis drives metastasis and chemoresistance of colorectal cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:24424-24440. [PMID: 33291076 PMCID: PMC7762457 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide. Metastasis and chemoresistance are regarded as the two leading causes of treatment failure and high mortality in CRC. Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) has been involved in malignant behaviors of cancer. However, the role and mechanism of FOXM1 in simultaneously regulating metastasis and chemoresistance of CRC remain poorly understood. Here, we found that FOXM1 was overexpressed in oxaliplatin- and vincristine-resistant CRC cells (HCT-8/L-OHP and HCT-8/VCR) with enhanced metastatic potential, compared with HCT-8 cells. FOXM1 overexpression increased migration, invasion and drug-resistance to oxaliplatin and vincristine in HCT-8 cells, while FOXM1 knockdown using shFOXM1 impaired metastasis and drug-resistance in HCT-8/L-OHP and HCT-8/VCR cells. Moreover, FOXM1 up-regulated Snail to trigger epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like molecular changes and multidrug-resistance protein P-gp expression, while silencing Snail inhibited FOXM1-induced metastasis and drug-resistance. We further identified that disheveled-2 (DVL2) was crucial for FOXM1-induced Snail expression, metastasis and chemoresistance. Furthermore, FOXM1 bound to DVL2, and enhanced nuclear translocation of DVL2 and DVL2-mediated transcriptional activity of Wnt/β-catenin known to induce Snail expression. In conclusion, FOXM1/DVL2/Snail axis triggered aggressiveness of CRC. Blocking FOXM1/DVL2/Snail pathway simultaneously inhibited metastasis and chemoresistance in CRC cells, providing a new strategy for successful CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Yang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Hequn Jiang
- First Afflicted Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanxin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Linyi Chen
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanglong Zhu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Xian
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengyu Han
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- First Afflicted Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Kejian Pan
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Competitive endogenous network of lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA in the chemoresistance of gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110570. [PMID: 32763816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the main therapeutic strategies used for gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas (GTAs), but resistance to anticancer drugs is a substantial obstacle in successful chemotherapy. Accumulating evidence shows that non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), can affect the drug resistance of tumor cells by forming a ceRNA regulatory network with mRNAs. The efficiency of the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) network can be affected by the number and integrality of miRNA recognition elements (MREs). Dynamic factors such as RNA editing, alternative splicing, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), RNA-binding proteins and RNA secondary structure can influence the MRE activity, which may in turn be involved in the regulation of chemoresistance-associated ceRNA network by prospective approaches. Besides activities in a single tumor cell, the components of the tumor micoenvironment (TME) also affect the ceRNA network by regulating the expression of non-coding RNA directly or indirectly. The alternation of the ceRNA network often has an impact on the malignant phenotype of tumor including chemoresistance. In this review, we focused on how MRE-associated dynamic factors and components of TME affected the ceRNA network and speculated the potential association of ceRNA network with chemoresistance. We also summarized the ceRNA network of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs which efficiently triggers chemoresistance in the specific types of GTAs and analyzed the role of each RNA as a "promoter" or "suppressor" of chemoresistance.
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Asadian S, Mirzaei H, Kalantari BA, Davarpanah MR, Mohamadi M, Shpichka A, Nasehi L, Es HA, Timashev P, Najimi M, Gheibi N, Hassan M, Vosough M. β-radiating radionuclides in cancer treatment, novel insight into promising approach. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105070. [PMID: 32659429 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Targeted radionuclide therapy, known as molecular radiotherapy is a novel therapeutic module in cancer medicine. β-radiating radionuclides have definite impact on target cells via interference in cell cycle and particular signalings that can lead to tumor regression with minimal off-target effects on the surrounding tissues. Radionuclides play a remarkable role not only in apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest, but also in the amelioration of other characteristics of cancer cells. Recently, application of novel β-radiating radionuclides in cancer therapy has been emerged as a promising therapeutic modality. Several investigations are ongoing to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of β-radiating elements in cancer medicine. Based on the radiation dose, exposure time and type of the β-radiating element, different results could be achieved in cancer cells. It has been shown that β-radiating radioisotopes block cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. However, physical characteristics of the β-radiating element (half-life, tissue penetration range, and maximum energy) and treatment protocol determine whether tumor cells undergo cell cycle arrest, apoptosis or both and to which extent. In this review, we highlighted novel therapeutic effects of β-radiating radionuclides on cancer cells, particularly apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samieh Asadian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | | | - Morteza Mohamadi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anastasia Shpichka
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia; Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leila Nasehi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia; Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Polymers and Composites, NN Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Mustapha Najimi
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nematollah Gheibi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Talabnin C, Talabnin K, Wongkham S. Enhancement of piperlongumine chemosensitivity by silencing heme oxygenase-1 expression in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2483-2492. [PMID: 32782567 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces G2/M-phase arrest in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells via the JNK/ERK pathway. A differential response to PL was observed among all CCA cell lines However, the underlying mechanisms have remained to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of PL-induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in CCA cell lines. The anti-proliferative action of PL in the CCA cell lines KKU-100 and KKU-213A was analyzed using sulforhodamine B assays. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were used to examine mRNA and protein expression. HO-1 inhibition was achieved using the chemical inhibitor zinc protophoryn or specific small interfering RNA to HO-1. Intracellular ROS was detected using a 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescence assay. High expression of phase-II detoxification enzymes, including NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1, heme oxygenase-1, superoxide dismutases and aldo-keto reductase 1 subunits C-1 and 3, were detected in the KKU-100 cell line. Of the CCA cell lines tested, KKU-100 was the least sensitive to PL. Dose-dependent upregulation of HO-1 expression via PI3K/Akt activation was detected in PL-treated CCA cells. Inhibition of HO-1 eliminated the antioxidant defense mechanisms, leading to increased anti-cancer activity of PL in the CCA cell lines via an increase in intracellular ROS levels and apoptotic protein expression. These observations indicated that HO-1 inhibition had a chemosensitizing effect on CCA to PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Talabnin
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Krajang Talabnin
- School of Pathology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Utilization of plant-derived Myricetin molecule coupled with ultrasound for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles against breast cancer. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1963-1976. [PMID: 32468137 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical mediated synthesis of nanoparticles has gained great interest in the field of cancer therapeutics. We attempted a simple and stable synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with Myricetin (Myr) adopting ultrasound-assisted method. Further, we evaluated anticancer activity of the synthesized nanoparticles. The physico-chemical properties of biosynthesized Myr-AuNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and particle size analysis. The study reports of Myr-AuNPs showed spherical-shaped particles with a size of < 50 nm. Stability of the particles was increased in various physiological media. Furthermore, the graph theoretical network analysis of Myr-AuNPs indicated that the probable binding with the mTOR is an effective target for breast cancer cells. In silico molecular docking study of Myr-AuNPs in human mTOR kinase was found to be strong binding. The IC50 value of Myr-AuNPs was calculated as 13 μg mL-1 against MCF-7 cell line. The AO/EB and DAPI stainings confirmed the anticancer activity by Myr-AuNPs-treated cells showed a good proportion of dead cells evidenced with formation of pro-apoptotic bodies. In addition, Myr-AuNPs exhibited depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and production of reactive oxygen species. This study proves that Myr-AuNPs holds great promise to use against breast cancer as a potent anticancer drug. Graphical abstract A schematic representation for the biosynthesis of Myr-AuNPs.
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Al Bawab AQ, Zihlif M, Jarrar Y, Sharab A. Continuous Hypoxia and Glucose Metabolism: The Effects on Gene Expression in Mcf7 Breast Cancer Cell Line. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:511-519. [PMID: 32370732 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200506082020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia (deprived oxygen in tissues) may induce molecular and genetic changes in cancer cells. OBJECTIVE To Investigate the genetic changes of glucose metabolism in breast cancer cell line (MCF7) after exposure to continuous hypoxia (10 and 20 cycles exposure of 72 hours continuously on a weekly basis). METHODS Gene expression of MCF7 cells was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reactionarray method. Furthermore, cell migration and wound healing assays were also applied. RESULTS It was found that 10 episodes of continuous hypoxia activated the Warburg effect in MCF7 cells, via the significant up-regulation of genes involved in glycolysis (ANOVA, p value < 0.05). The molecular changes were associated with the ability of MCF7 cells to divide and migrate. Interestingly, after 20 episodes of continuous hypoxia, the expression glycolysis mediated genes dropped significantly (from 30 to 9 folds). This could be attributed to the adaptive ability of cancer cells. CONCLUSION It is concluded that 10 hypoxic episodes increased the survival rate and aggressiveness of MCF7 cells and induced the Warburg effect by the up-regulation of the glycolysis mediating gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Q Al Bawab
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Malek Zihlif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yazan Jarrar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Sharab
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, American University of Madaba, Madaba, Jordan
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Chen D, Zhou XZ, Lee TH. Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1 as a Promising Drug Target in Cancer and Alzheimer's Disease. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 14:144-157. [PMID: 30569876 PMCID: PMC6751350 DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666181218170257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1 (DAPK1) plays an important role in apopto-sis, tumor suppression and neurodegeneration including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Objective: This review will describe the diverse roles of DAPK1 in the development of cancer and AD, and the current status of drug development targeting DAPK1-based therapies. Methods: Reports of DAPK1 regulation, function and substrates were analyzed using genetic DAPK1 manipulation and chemical DAPK1 modulators. Results: DAPK1 expression and activity are deregulated in cancer and AD. It is down-regulated and/or inactivated by multiple mechanisms in many human cancers, and elicits a protective effect to counteract numerous death stimuli in cancer, including activation of the master regulator Pin1. Moreover, loss of DAPK1 expression has correlated strongly with tumor recurrence and metastasis, suggesting that lack of sufficient functional DAPK1 might contribute to cancer. In contrast, DAPK1 is highly expressed in the brains of most human AD patients and has been identified as one of the genetic factors affecting suscepti-bility to late-onset AD. The absence of DAPK1 promotes efficient learning and better memory in mice and prevents the development of AD by acting on many key proteins including Pin1 and its downstream tar-gets tau and APP. Recent patents show that DAPK1 modulation might be used to treat both cancer and AD. Conclusion: DAPK1 plays a critical role in diverse physiological processes and importantly, its deregula-tion is implicated in the pathogenesis of either cancer or AD. Therefore, manipulating DAPK1 activity and/or expression may be a promising therapeutic option for cancer or AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Xiao Z Zhou
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Tae H Lee
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
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35
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Bera S, Chowdhury A, Sarkar K, Dastidar P. Design and Synthesis of Zn II -Coordination Polymers Anchored with NSAIDs: Metallovesicle Formation and Multi-drug Delivery. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:503-510. [PMID: 31886623 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of coordination polymers synthesized from a bis-pyridyl linker, namely 4,4'-azopyridine (L), selected non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), namely diclofenac (Dic), ibuprofen (Ibu), flurbiprofen (Flu), mefenamic acid (Mefe), and naproxen (Nap), and Zn(NO3 )2 were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. One of the coordination polymers, namely CP3 derived from Flu, was able to form metallovesicles in DMSO, DMSO/H2 O and DMSO/DMEM (biological media) as revealed by TEM, AFM and DLS. Metallovesicle formation by CP3 was further supported by loading a fluorescent dye, namely calcein, as well as an anti-cancer drug, doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), as revealed by UV-vis and emission spectra, and fluorescence microscopy. DOX-loaded metallovesicles of CP3 (DOX@CP3-vesicle) could be delivered in vitro to a highly aggressive human breast cancer cell line, namely MDA-MB-231, as revealed by MTT and cell migration assays, and also cell imaging performed under laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). Thus, a proof of concept for developing a multi-drug delivery system derived from a metallovesicle for delivering an anti-cancer drug to cancer cells is demonstrated for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Bera
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhinanda Chowdhury
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Koushik Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Parthasarathi Dastidar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
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Aggarwal V, Sak K, Aggarwal D, Parashar G, Parashar NC, Sood S, Tuorkey MJ, Kaur J, Buttar HS, Tuli HS. Designing Personalized and Innovative Novel Drug Therapies for Cancer Treatment. DRUG TARGETS IN CELLULAR PROCESSES OF CANCER: FROM NONCLINICAL TO PRECLINICAL MODELS 2020:213-228. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-7586-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
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Lin XM, Li S, Zhou C, Li RZ, Wang H, Luo W, Huang YS, Chen LK, Cai JL, Wang TX, Zhang QH, Cao H, Wu XP. Cisplatin induces chemoresistance through the PTGS2-mediated anti-apoptosis in gastric cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 116:105610. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Wörthmüller J, Salicio V, Oberson A, Blum W, Schwaller B. Modulation of Calretinin Expression in Human Mesothelioma Cells Reveals the Implication of the FAK and Wnt Signaling Pathways in Conferring Chemoresistance towards Cisplatin. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215391. [PMID: 31671889 PMCID: PMC6873109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive asbestos-linked neoplasm, characterized by dysregulation of signaling pathways. Due to intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance, MM treatment options remain limited. Calretinin is a Ca2+-binding protein expressed during MM tumorigenesis that activates the FAK signaling pathway, promoting invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Constitutive calretinin downregulation decreases MM cells’ growth and survival, and impairs tumor formation in vivo. In order to evaluate early molecular events occurring during calretinin downregulation, we generated a tightly controlled IPTG-inducible expression system to modulate calretinin levels in vitro. Calretinin downregulation significantly reduced viability and proliferation of MM cells, attenuated FAK signaling and reduced the invasive phenotype of surviving cells. Importantly, surviving cells showed a higher resistance to cisplatin due to increased Wnt signaling. This resistance was abrogated by the Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 3289-8625. In various MM cell lines and regardless of calretinin expression levels, blocking of FAK signaling activated the Wnt signaling pathway and vice versa. Thus, blocking both pathways had the strongest impact on MM cell proliferation and survival. Chemoresistance mechanisms in MM cells have resulted in a failure of single-agent therapies. Targeting of multiple components of key signaling pathways, including Wnt signaling, might be the future method-of-choice to treat MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Wörthmüller
- Anatomy, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Valérie Salicio
- Anatomy, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Anne Oberson
- Anatomy, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | | | - Beat Schwaller
- Anatomy, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Ribeiro ML, Reyes-Garau D, Armengol M, Fernández-Serrano M, Roué G. Recent Advances in the Targeting of Epigenetic Regulators in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Front Genet 2019; 10:986. [PMID: 31681423 PMCID: PMC6807552 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 10 years, major advances have been made in the diagnosis and development of selective therapies for several blood cancers, including B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), a heterogeneous group of malignancies arising from the mature B lymphocyte compartment. However, most of these entities remain incurable and current treatments are associated with variable efficacy, several adverse events, and frequent relapses. Thus, new diagnostic paradigms and novel therapeutic options are required to improve the prognosis of patients with B-NHL. With the recent deciphering of the mutational landscapes of B-cell disorders by high-throughput sequencing, it came out that different epigenetic deregulations might drive and/or promote B lymphomagenesis. Consistently, over the last decade, numerous epigenetic drugs (or epidrugs) have emerged in the clinical management of B-NHL patients. In this review, we will present an overview of the most relevant epidrugs tested and/or used so far for the treatment of different subtypes of B-NHL, from first-generation epigenetic therapies like histone acetyl transferases (HDACs) or DNA-methyl transferases (DNMTs) inhibitors to new agents showing selectivity for proteins that are mutated, translocated, and/or overexpressed in these diseases, including EZH2, BET, and PRMT. We will dissect the mechanisms of action of these epigenetic inhibitors, as well as the molecular processes underlying their lack of efficacy in refractory patients. This review will also provide a summary of the latest strategies being employed in preclinical and clinical settings, and will point out the most promising lines of investigation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo L. Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diana Reyes-Garau
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Armengol
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miranda Fernández-Serrano
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gaël Roué
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Inhibition of TFF3 Enhances Sensitivity-and Overcomes Acquired Resistance-to Doxorubicin in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Mammary Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101528. [PMID: 31658702 PMCID: PMC6826976 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dose-dependent toxicity and acquired resistance are two major challenges limiting the efficacious treatment of mammary carcinoma (MC) with doxorubicin. Herein, we investigated the function of Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) in the sensitivity and acquired resistance of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) MC cells to doxorubicin. Doxorubicin treatment of ER+MC cells increased TFF3 expression. The depletion of TFF3 by siRNA or inhibition with a small molecule TFF3 inhibitor (AMPC) synergistically enhanced the efficacy of doxorubicin in ER+MC through the suppression of doxorubicin-induced AKT activation and enhancement of doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Elevated expression of TFF3 and increased activation of AKT were also observed using a model of acquired doxorubicin resistance in ER+MC cells. AMPC partially re-sensitized the doxorubicin resistant cells to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Indeed, doxorubicin resistant ER + MC cells exhibited increased sensitivity to AMPC as a single agent compared to doxorubicin sensitive cells. In vivo, AMPC attenuated growth of doxorubicin sensitive ER+MC xenografts whereas it produced regression of xenografts generated by doxorubicin resistant ER+MC cells. Hence, TFF3 inhibition may improve the efficacy and reduce required doses of doxorubicin in ER+MC. Moreover, inhibition of TFF3 may also be an effective therapeutic strategy to eradicate doxorubicin resistant ER+MC.
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Verteporfin-induced lysosomal compartment dysregulation potentiates the effect of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:749. [PMID: 31582741 PMCID: PMC6776510 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1989-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal sequestration of anti-cancer compounds reduces drug availability at intracellular target sites, thereby limiting drug-sensitivity and inducing chemoresistance. For hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), sorafenib (SF) is the first line systemic treatment, as well as a simultaneous activator of autophagy-induced drug resistance. The purpose of this study is to elucidate how combination therapy with the FDA-approved photosensitizer verteporfin (VP) can potentiate the antitumor effect of SF, overcoming its acquired resistance mechanisms. HCC cell lines and patient-derived in vitro and in vivo preclinical models were used to identify the molecular mechanism of action of VP alone and in combination with SF. We demonstrate that SF is lysosomotropic and increases the total number of lysosomes in HCC cells and patient-derived xenograft model. Contrary to the effect on lysosomal stability by SF, VP is not only sequestered in lysosomes, but induces lysosomal pH alkalinization, lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and tumor-selective proteotoxicity. In combination, VP-induced LMP potentiates the antitumor effect of SF, further decreasing tumor proliferation and progression in HCC cell lines and patient-derived samples in vitro and in vivo. Our data suggest that combination of lysosome-targeting compounds, such as VP, in combination with already approved chemotherapeutic agents could open a new avenue to overcome chemo-insensitivity caused by passive lysosomal sequestration of anti-cancer drugs in the context of HCC.
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Mikhailov OV, Mikhailova EO. Elemental Silver Nanoparticles: Biosynthesis and Bio Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E3177. [PMID: 31569794 PMCID: PMC6803994 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The data on the specifics of synthesis of elemental silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) having various geometric shapes (pseudo spherical, prismatic, cubic, trigonal-pyramidal, etc.), obtained by using various biological methods, and their use in biology and medicine have been systematized and generalized. The review covers mainly publications published in the current 21st century. Bibliography: 262 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V Mikhailov
- Analytical Chemistry, Certification and Quality Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, K. Marx Street 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina O Mikhailova
- Analytical Chemistry, Certification and Quality Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, K. Marx Street 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia.
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Gong X, Xu B, Zi L, Chen X. miR-625 reverses multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells by directly targeting ALDH1A1. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:6615-6624. [PMID: 31410057 PMCID: PMC6643062 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s208708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators of multidrug resistance (MDR) in gastric cancer, a major cause of chemotherapy failure. miR-625 is downregulated in gastric cancer and negatively associated with metastasis. In the current study, we aimed to investigate whether miR-625 regulates MDR in gastric cancer. Methods: The level of miR-625 in gastric cancer cells with or without MDR was quantified by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. The sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents was assessed by MTT assay. The protein expression was determined by Western blot analysis, and the luciferase reporter assay was applied to confirm miR-625 regulation of the potential target. Results: miR-625 is downregulated in MDR gastric cancer cells compared with chemosensitive counterparts. In addition, miR-625 increases the sensitivity and promotes apoptosis of gastric cancer cells when treated with different chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, miR-625 directly targets the aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), and importantly, the restoration of ALDH1A1 expression rescues miR-625 effects on MDR in gastric cancer cells. Conclusion: miR-625 reverses MDR in gastric cancer cells by targeting ALDH1A1. Hence, our study identifies miR-625 as a novel regulator of MDR in gastric cancer cells, and implicates its potential application for overcoming MDR in gastric cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufei Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276002, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoli Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276002, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zi
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276002, People's Republic of China
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Yang W, Wu B, Ma N, Wang Y, Guo J, Zhu J, Zhao S. BATF2 reverses multidrug resistance of human gastric cancer cells by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2019; 55:445-452. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-019-00360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Valletti A, Marzano F, Pesole G, Sbisà E, Tullo A. Targeting Chemoresistant Tumors: Could TRIM Proteins-p53 Axis Be a Possible Answer? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071776. [PMID: 30974870 PMCID: PMC6479553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemosensitivity is a crucial feature for all tumours so that they can be successfully treated, but the huge heterogeneity of these diseases, to be intended both inter- and intra-tumour, makes it a hard-to-win battle. Indeed, this genotypic and phenotypic variety, together with the adaptability of tumours, results in a plethora of chemoresistance acquisition mechanisms strongly affecting the effectiveness of treatments at different levels. Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are shown to be involved in some of these mechanisms thanks to their E3-ubiquitin ligase activity, but also to other activities they can exert in several cellular pathways. Undoubtedly, the ability to regulate the stability and activity of the p53 tumour suppressor protein, shared by many of the TRIMs, represents the preeminent link between this protein family and chemoresistance. Indeed, they can modulate p53 degradation, localization and subset of transactivated target genes, shifting the cellular response towards a cytoprotective or cytotoxic reaction to whatever damage induced by therapy, sometimes in a cellular-dependent way. The involvement in other chemoresistance acquisition mechanisms, independent by p53, is known, affecting pivotal processes like PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signalling transduction or Wnt/beta catenin pathway, to name a few. Hence, the inhibition or the enhancement of TRIM proteins functionality could be worth investigating to better understand chemoresistance and as a strategy to increase effectiveness of anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Valletti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro"-Policlinico, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Flaviana Marzano
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology, National Research Council-CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Graziano Pesole
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology, National Research Council-CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Sbisà
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council-CNR, Via Amendola 122/d, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Apollonia Tullo
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology, National Research Council-CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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Carugo A, Draetta GF. Academic Discovery of Anticancer Drugs: Historic and Future Perspectives. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY-SERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030518-055645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The identification and prosecution of meritorious anticancer drug targets and the discovery of clinical candidates represent an extraordinarily time- and resource-intensive process, and the current failure rate of late-stage drugs is a critical issue that must be addressed. Relationships between academia and industry in drug discovery and development have continued to change over time as a result of technical and financial challenges and, most importantly, to the objective of translating impactful scientific discoveries into clinical opportunities. This Golden Age of anticancer drug discovery features an increased appreciation for the high-risk, high-innovation research conducted in the nonprofit sector, with the goals of infusing commercial drug development with intellectual capital and curating portfolios that are financially tenable and clinically meaningful. In this review, we discuss the history of academic-industry interactions in the context of antidrug discovery and offer a view of where these interactions are likely headed as we continue to reach new horizons in our understanding of the immense complexities of cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Carugo
- Center for Co-Clinical Trials and Institute for Applied Cancer Science, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Moon Shots Program™, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Giulio F. Draetta
- Moon Shots Program™, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Dzobo K, Senthebane DA, Thomford NE, Rowe A, Dandara C, Parker MI. Not Everyone Fits the Mold: Intratumor and Intertumor Heterogeneity and Innovative Cancer Drug Design and Development. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2019; 22:17-34. [PMID: 29356626 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2017.0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Disruptive innovations in medicine are game-changing in nature and bring about radical shifts in the way we understand human diseases, their treatment, and/or prevention. Yet, disruptive innovations in cancer drug design and development are still limited. Therapies that cure all cancer patients are in short supply or do not exist at all. Chief among the causes of this predicament is drug resistance, a mechanism that is much more dynamic than previously understood. Drug resistance has limited the initial success experienced with biomarker-guided targeted therapies as well. A major contributor to drug resistance is intratumor heterogeneity. For example, within solid tumors, there are distinct subclones of cancer cells, presenting profound complexity to cancer treatment. Well-known contributors to intratumor heterogeneity are genomic instability, the microenvironment, cellular genotype, cell plasticity, and stochastic processes. This expert review explains that for oncology drug design and development to be more innovative, we need to take into account intratumor heterogeneity. Initially thought to be the preserve of cancer cells, recent evidence points to the highly heterogeneous nature and diverse locations of stromal cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer-associated macrophages (CAMs). Distinct subpopulations of CAFs and CAMs are now known to be located immediately adjacent and distant from cancer cells, with different subpopulations exerting different effects on cancer cells. Disruptive innovation and precision medicine in clinical oncology do not have to be a distant reality, but can potentially be achieved by targeting these spatially separated and exclusive cancer cell subclones and CAF subtypes. Finally, we emphasize that disruptive innovations in drug discovery and development will likely come from drugs whose effect is not necessarily tumor shrinkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzobo
- 1 International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , Cape Town, South Africa .,2 Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dimakatso Alice Senthebane
- 1 International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , Cape Town, South Africa .,2 Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicholas Ekow Thomford
- 3 Pharmacogenetics Research Group, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arielle Rowe
- 1 International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Collet Dandara
- 3 Pharmacogenetics Research Group, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Iqbal Parker
- 2 Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town , Cape Town, South Africa
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Guo Y, Wang K, Chen X, Li H, Wan Q, Morris-Natschke S, Lee KH, Chen Y. Seco-4-methyl-DCK derivatives as potent chemosensitizers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:28-31. [PMID: 30455148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-five seco-4-methyl-DCK derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for chemoreversal activity when combined with paclitaxel or vincristine in two drug-resistant cancer cell lines (A2780/T and KB-V) respectively. Most of the new compounds displayed moderate to significant MDR reversal activities in the P-gp overexpressing A2780/T and KB-V cells. Especially, compounds 7o and 7y showed the most potent chemosensitization activities with more than 496 and 735 reversal ratios at a concentration of 10 μM. Unexpectedly the newly synthesized compounds did not show chemosensitization activities observed in a non-P-gp overexpressing cisplatin resistant human ovarian cancer cell line (A2780/CDDP), implying that the MDR reversal effects might be associated with P-gp overexpression. Moreover, these compounds did not exhibit significant antiproliferative activities against nontumorigenic cell lines (HUVEC, HOSEC and T29) compared to the positive control verapamil at the tested concentration, which suggested better safety than verapamil. The pharmacological actions of the compounds will be studied further to explore their merit for development as novel candidates to overcome P-gp mediated MDR cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Haihong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Susan Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Alharbi M, Zuñiga F, Elfeky O, Guanzon D, Lai A, Rice GE, Perrin L, Hooper J, Salomon C. The potential role of miRNAs and exosomes in chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:R663-R685. [PMID: 30400025 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the major obstacles in the treatment of cancer patients. It poses a fundamental challenge to the effectiveness of chemotherapy and is often linked to relapse in patients. Chemoresistant cells can be identified in different types of cancers; however, ovarian cancer has one of the highest rates of chemoresistance-related relapse (50% of patients within 5 years). Resistance in cells can either develop through prolonged cycles of treatment or through intrinsic pathways. Mechanistically, the problem of drug resistance is complex mainly because numerous factors are involved, such as overexpression of drug efflux pumps, drug inactivation, DNA repair mechanisms and alterations to and/or mutations in the drug target. Additionally, there is strong evidence that circulating miRNAs participate in the development of chemoresistance. Recently, miRNAs have been identified in exosomes, where they are encapsulated and hence protected from degradation. These miRNAs within exosomes (exo-miRNAs) can regulate the gene expression of target cells both locally and systemically. Exo-miRNAs play an important role in disease progression and can potentially facilitate chemoresistance in cancer cells. In addition, and from a diagnostic perspective, exo-miRNAs profiles may contribute to the development of predictive models to identify responder and non-responder chemotherapy. Such model may also be used for monitoring treatment response and disease progression. Exo-miRNAs may ultimately serve as both a predictive biomarker for cancer response to therapy and as a prognostic marker for the development of chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, this review examines the potential role of exo-miRNAs in chemotherapy in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Alharbi
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Queensland, Australia
| | - Felipe Zuñiga
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Omar Elfeky
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Queensland, Australia
| | - Dominic Guanzon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew Lai
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Queensland, Australia
| | - Gregory E Rice
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Queensland, Australia
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Lewis Perrin
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
- Mater Ovarian Cancer Research Collaborative, Mater Adult Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
- Mater Ovarian Cancer Research Collaborative, Mater Adult Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Queensland, Australia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Yuan Z, Xiu C, Song K, Pei R, Miao S, Mao X, Sun J, Jia S. Long non-coding RNA AFAP1-AS1/miR-320a/RBPJ axis regulates laryngeal carcinoma cell stemness and chemoresistance. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4253-4262. [PMID: 29971915 PMCID: PMC6111816 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AFAP1-AS1 is a long non-coding RNA that is associated with tumorigenesis and poor prognosis in a variety of cancers. We have been suggested that AFAP1-AS1 increases tumorigenesis in laryngeal carcinoma specifically by enhancing stemness and chemoresistance. We assessed AFAP1-AS1 expression in human laryngeal specimens, paired adjacent normal tissues and human HEp-2 cells. Indeed, we found not only that AFAP1-AS1 was up-regulated in laryngeal carcinoma specimens and cells, but also that stemness-associated genes were overexpressed. Silencing of AFAP1-AS1 promoted HEp-2 cell chemoresistance under cisplatin treatment. Expression of AFAP1-AS1 was increased in drug-resistant Hep-2 cells. We then probed the mechanism of AFAP1-AS1 activity and determined that miR-320a was a potential molecular target of AFAP1-AS1. Luciferase reporter and qRT-PCR assays of AFAP1-AS1 and miR-320a levels in human specimens and cell cultures indicated that AFAP1-AS1 negatively regulates miR-320a. To discover the molecular mechanism of miR-320a, we again used the DIANA Tools algorithm to predict its genetic target, RBPJ. After cloning the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR) of RBPJ into a luciferase reporter, we determined that miR-320a did in fact reduce RBPJ mRNA and protein levels. Ultimately, we determined that AFAP1-AS1 increases RBPJ expression by negatively regulating miR-320a and RBPJ overexpression rescues stemness and chemoresistance inhibited by AFAP1-AS1 silencing. Taken together, these results suggest that AFAP1-AS1 can serve as a prognostic biomarker in laryngeal carcinoma and that miR-320a has the potential to improve standard therapeutic approaches to the disease, especially for cases in which cancer cell stemness and drug resistance present significant barriers to effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Yuan
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Cheng Xiu
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Kaibin Song
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Rong Pei
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Susheng Miao
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Xionghui Mao
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Shenshan Jia
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
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