1
|
Makar KG, Bajaj AK, Park JE, Preminger BA, Vercler CJ. A 9-Year Review of Ethics Complaints to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 154:241-249. [PMID: 37535701 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000010958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) provides an avenue for filing formal complaints regarding unethical behavior of members. These complaints are investigated by the ethics committee and referred to the judicial council if a violation may have occurred. METHODS A review of complaints filed with the ASPS from 2013 through 2021 was performed. Data surrounding both complaints and complainant type were reviewed, as well as region of complaint origin. Categories of violations resulting in formal investigations and judicial council referrals were also reviewed. RESULTS A total of 584 complaints were filed with the ASPS ethics committee from 2013 through 2021, which was nearly 100 fewer than from a previous review of 2004 through 2008. Twenty-one percent of complaints were formally investigated by the ethics committee, and 26% of these were referred to the judicial council. The most common complaint investigated was related to advertising or misleading communications; the most common complaint referred to the judicial council was regarding expert testimony. Most complaints were filed by ASPS members. CONCLUSIONS The total number of complaints filed over time has decreased significantly, the reasons for which are unclear. Evolution of culture and thought likely had an impact, not only on specific behaviors but also on the likelihood of reporting those behaviors. It remains incumbent on plastic surgeons to use the self-regulating mechanisms available to maintain the autonomy plastic surgery enjoys as a profession.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn G Makar
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University
| | | | - Julie E Park
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas-Medical Branch
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Webb T, Menard N, Hofmann HL, Repajic M, Han JY, Keller EJ, Kothary N, Vairavamurthy J. The Prevalence of Financial Conflict of Interest Disclosures by Endovascular Specialists on X (Twitter). J Vasc Interv Radiol 2024; 35:1066-1071. [PMID: 38513754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate conflicts of interest (COIs) among interventional radiologists and related specialties who mention specific devices or companies on the social media (SoMe) platform X, formerly Twitter. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 13,809 posts between October 7, 2021, and December 31, 2021, on X were evaluated. Posts by U.S. interventional radiologists and related specialties who mentioned a specific device or company were identified. A positive COI was defined as receiving a payment from the device manufacturer or company within 36 months prior to posting. The Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services Open Payment database was used to identify financial payments. The prevalence and value of COIs were assessed and compared between posts mentioning a device or company and a paired control group using descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests and independent t tests. RESULTS Eighty posts containing the mention of 100 specific devices or companies were evaluated. COIs were present in 53% (53/100). When mentioning a specific device or product, 40% interventional radiologists had a COI, compared with 62% neurosurgeons. Physicians who mentioned a specific device or company were 3.7 times more likely to have a positive COI relative to the paired control group (53/100 vs 14/100; P < .001). Of the 31 physicians with a COI, the median physician received $2,270. None of the positive COIs were disclosed. CONCLUSIONS Physicians posting on SoMe about a specific device or company were more likely to have a financial COI than authors of posts not mentioning a specific device or company. No disclosure of any COI was present in the posts, limiting followers' ability to weigh potential bias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Webb
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Nathan Menard
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hayden L Hofmann
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael Repajic
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jesse Y Han
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eric J Keller
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Nishita Kothary
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Jenanan Vairavamurthy
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gupta N, Alnaseri T, Slack G, DeLong M. Gender Affirmation Surgery-related Hashtag Utilization on Instagram: Implications for Education and Patient Care. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2024; 12:e5841. [PMID: 38784826 PMCID: PMC11111395 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Background Gender-affirmation surgery (GAS) allows for transgender and nonconforming patients to achieve a more congruent physical appearance and alleviate dysphoria. Social media, such as Instagram, has adopted an increasingly important role in plastic and reconstructive surgery, and understanding trends and usage related to GAS can have significant implications for patient education and outreach. As such, this cross-sectional study aims to address the following questions related to GAS-related content available on Instagram: (1) Who is posting this content? (2) What specific hashtags are they using? and (3) What are the implications behind these posts? Methods This study analyzed 22 GAS-related hashtags on Instagram. Content analysis was then used to evaluate the "top" 15 posts (n = 330) associated with each hashtag. Results A total of 425,607 posts were associated with the 22 hashtags queried. #topsurgery had the highest number of associated posts (n = 279,480), followed by #ftmtopsurgery (n = 41,769) and #vaginoplasty (n = 39,737). Of the "top" 330 posts, 299 were not duplicates. Plastic surgeons eligible for membership in the American Society of Plastic Surgeons accounted for only 1.7% of "top" posts (n = 5); noneligible physicians accounted for 6.0% of posts (n = 18). Patients accounted for the majority of the "top" posts sampled (n = 236; 79.9%). Conclusions When used appropriately, social media can be a powerful tool for spreading awareness on procedures and educating patients. Although there is a paucity of plastic surgeons posting GAS-related content on Instagram, patients are playing an important role in disseminating information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Gupta
- From the Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington D.C
| | - Tahera Alnaseri
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Ginger Slack
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Michael DeLong
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cserzo D, Bullock A. Longer in primary care: a mixed-methods study of the Welsh GP training model. BJGP Open 2024; 8:BJGPO.2023.0159. [PMID: 37884320 PMCID: PMC11169990 DOI: 10.3399/bjgpo.2023.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new model of GP training was introduced in Wales, whereby trainees spend 1 year in hospital and 2 years in general practice (the 1+2 model), a change from the previous model of 18 months in each setting. AIM To evaluate the 1+2 model of GP training in Wales. DESIGN & SETTING Longitudinal mixed-methods evaluation via repeated surveys and focus groups with GP trainers and trainees across the Welsh training schemes. METHOD Yearly surveys and focus groups were undertaken between June 2020 and December 2022. Quantitative survey data were analysed in SPSS. Qualitative survey data and focus group transcripts were analysed thematically. RESULTS Spending more time in general practice was seen as a major benefit. The consensus was that general practice is the best place to learn essential consultation skills. Furthermore, general practice was viewed as a flexible educational setting where knowledge gaps can be addressed. The main concern about the 1+2 model was that trainees would miss experience of key specialties. However, as trainees progressed through the training programme, this concern diminished. All trainees and most trainers thought that the benefits of the 1+2 model outweighed drawbacks. CONCLUSION Spending more time in general practice during GP training appears to improve how prepared trainees felt for practice. Future changes should explore options to enhance hospital experience without reducing time spent in general practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Cserzo
- Children's Social Care Research and Development Centre, School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alison Bullock
- Cardiff Unit for Research and Evaluation in Medical and Dental Education, School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pyon RE, Sayadi LR, Pakvasa M, Vyas RM, Wang ED. Plastic Surgery or Facial Plastic Surgery: Can the Public Tell the Difference? PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2024; 12:e5679. [PMID: 38948157 PMCID: PMC11213615 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Social media and online advertising are increasingly used by plastic surgeons (PSs) to educate patients and obtain referrals, but it remains unclear whether the general public can distinguish the difference in training and accreditation among medical professionals advertising online. Our study elucidates the public's expectations regarding the distinction between plastic surgery and facial plastic surgery. Methods A survey was distributed via MTurk, an Amazon surveying service, to collect information about demographics and assumptions that would be made solely based on the terminology "facial PS" (FPS) and "PS." Participants were restricted to those residing in the United States. Results A total of 253 responses were collected. Based on the term FPS, respondents on average moderately to strongly agreed that they would expect an FPS to have completed a plastic and reconstructive surgery residency program (mean = 1.81; scale from 1= strongly agree to 5= strongly disagree) and would feel moderately to strongly misled if they visited an FPS for a consultation and later learned that the provider did not complete a plastic and reconstructive surgery residency (mean = 3.62; scale from 1 = not misled at all to 5 = extremely misled). Conclusions Despite increasing advocacy by professional societies and the member societies of the American Board of Medical Specialties, this study demonstrated that the lay public is unaware of factually different training and certification pathways given similarity in nomenclature. This study was notably not designed to draw conclusions or imply superiority of one specialty, certifying board, or training model over the other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Pyon
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Lohrasb R. Sayadi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, Calif
| | - Mikhail Pakvasa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, Calif
| | - Raj M. Vyas
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, Calif
| | - Eric D. Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, Calif
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
da Prato EB, Cartier H, Margara A, Molina B, Tateo A, Grimolizzi F, Spagnolo AG. The ethical foundations of patient-centered care in aesthetic medicine. Philos Ethics Humanit Med 2024; 19:1. [PMID: 38317236 PMCID: PMC10845625 DOI: 10.1186/s13010-024-00151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This article addresses some critical aspects of the relationship between aesthetic medicine (AM) and ethics and proposes a possible deontological ethical line to pursue based on current practices. The role of AM has always been controversial and suffers from unclear practical and moral boundaries, even within academic settings, since it aims to improve the appearance of individuals, not to cure a disease. Today, it is essential and pertinent to discuss these issues, as AM specialists are dealing with a growing and increasingly demanding patient population that has undergone profound evolution in recent years. Current challenges within the field of AM include a lack of global uniformity concerning the education of AM specialists, an increasing number of physicians practicing AM with diverse training backgrounds, the spread of AM being practiced outside of medical practice or hospital settings, and the influence of social media where the success is modelled and dictated by the identification of a youthful appearance). By the field of action enriched by technologies that aim not only at enhancement per se but also at the preservation and regeneration of tissues, it is necessary to establish an active multidisciplinary discussion on the definition of shared ethical limits. This discussion would allow AM to fully reclaim its identity as a specialty that aims to improve patient well-being whilst maintaining respect for patient aesthetic harmony, the expertise of specialists who practice AM, the essential role of safety, and awareness of the importance of a confidential doctor-patient relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Antonello Tateo
- Private Practice, Pavia, Italy
- Private Practice, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Gioacchino Spagnolo
- Institute of Bioethics and Medical Humanities, Faculty Member, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang AZ, Bustos VP, Manstein SM, Comer CD, Foster L, Sarac BA, Janis JE, Lin SJ. Having Social Media among Integrated Plastic Surgery Applicants: Is It Needed to Match? PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2023; 11:e5394. [PMID: 38025606 PMCID: PMC10681440 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Little information exists on the perceptions of integrated plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) residency applicants on the need for having social media (SoMe) during the application process. Methods A cross-sectional survey study was conducted during the 2022 match cycle to assess integrated PRS residency applicants' perceptions on the role of SoMe during the match. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on variables of interest. Qualitative analysis was conducted on free-form responses. Results Seventy-nine surveys were completed (response rate: 24%). The majority of respondents were educated in the United States (92%). Instagram was the most commonly used SoMe platform (92%). Of those surveyed, 18% thought that SoMe was beneficial to the application process. Twenty-nine percent of respondents agreed that a SoMe presence increases one's chances of matching into PRS residency (41% disagreed and 30% responded neutrally). Forty-four percent endorsed stress about maintaining a SoMe presence in PRS. Having mentors who recommended maintaining a SoMe presence was associated with the belief that SoMe increases one's chances of matching [odds ratio (OR) 8.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-40.4, P = 0.011] and stress about maintaining a SoMe presence (OR 6.3, 95% CI 1.2-33.3, P = 0.030). Applicants who did research years had lower odds of experiencing stress (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04-0.70, P = 0.015). Conclusions The growing role of SoMe in the residency selection process may be exacerbating applicants' stress and anxiety. PRS programs may consider establishing clear policies for how SoMe will be used in evaluating candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Z. Yang
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Valeria P. Bustos
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Samuel M. Manstein
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Carly D. Comer
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Lacey Foster
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Benjamin A. Sarac
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey E. Janis
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Samuel J. Lin
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thawanyarat K, Hinson C, Gomez DA, Rowley MA, Navarro Y, Venditto CM. Content and Engagement Among Plastic Surgeons on Instagram. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum 2023; 5:ojac096. [PMID: 36751431 PMCID: PMC9898873 DOI: 10.1093/asjof/ojac096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients routinely use social media to locate providers, review before-and-after photographs, and discuss experiences, making it a powerful marketing tool for plastic surgeons. A few studies have systematically evaluated plastic surgery app content. Objectives This study aims to analyze engagement levels and content posted by top plastic surgeon influencers on Instagram (Menlo Park, CA). Methods The authors conducted a cross-sectional study in February 2022 to identify the top 10 global plastic surgeons on Instagram. Influencers were ranked based on the number of followers, and their latest 20 posts were analyzed. A total of 200 posts were categorized by 2 independent trainees as one of the following: marketing, education, personal, and miscellaneous. The number of likes was recorded as a proxy for engagement, and the average engagement for each category was calculated. Results The top 10 influencers work primarily in private practice focusing on aesthetic procedures. Out of 200 categorized posts on Instagram, marketing posts had the greatest presence (64.5%), followed by personal (20%), miscellaneous (11%), and educational (4.5%). More still images were posted (56.5%) than videos (43.5%). The highest average engagement was for personal content (P = .005). No significant differences in engagement levels were found between photo and video content (P = .24). Conclusions Although most content posted related to marketing efforts, many influencers were also using social media to post about their personal lives and promote their ancillary businesses. Although marketing content was the most common, engagement levels were the highest for personal and educational content, and no significant differences in engagement were found between videos and photos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kometh Thawanyarat
- Corresponding Author: Mr Kometh Thawanyarat, Medical College of Georgia, AU/UGA Medical Partnership, Winnie Davis Hall, Athens, GA 30606, USA. E-mail: ; Twitter and Instagram: @tonythawanyarat
| | - Chandler Hinson
- Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Diego A Gomez
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Yelissa Navarro
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hoffmann C, Kobetic M, Alford N, Blencowe N, Ramirez J, Macefield R, Blazeby JM, Avery KNL, Potter S. Shared Learning Utilizing Digital Methods in Surgery to Enhance Transparency in Surgical Innovation: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e37544. [PMID: 36074555 PMCID: PMC9501681 DOI: 10.2196/37544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical innovation can lead to important improvements in patient outcomes. Currently, information and knowledge about novel procedures and devices are disseminated informally and in an unstandardized way (eg, through social media). This can lead to ineffective and inefficient knowledge sharing among surgeons, which can result in the harmful repetition of mistakes and delay in the uptake of promising innovation. Improvements are needed in the way that learning in surgical innovation is shared through the development of novel, real-time methods, informed by a contemporary and comprehensive investigation of existing methods. OBJECTIVE The aim of this scoping review is to explore the application of existing digital methods for training/education and feedback to surgeons in the context of performing invasive surgical procedures. This work will (1) summarize existing methods for shared learning in surgery and how they are characterized and operationalized, (2) examine the impact of their application, and (3) explore their benefits and barriers to implementation. The findings of this scoping review will inform the development of novel, real-time methods to optimize shared learning in surgical innovation. METHODS This study will adhere to the recommended guidelines for conducting scoping reviews. A total of 6 different searches will be conducted within multiple sources (2 electronic databases, journals, social media, gray literature, commercial websites, and snowball searches) to comprehensively identify relevant articles and data. Searches will be limited to articles published in the English language within the last 5 years. Wherever possible, a 2-stage study selection process will be followed whereby the eligibility of articles will be assessed through the title, abstract, and full-text screening independently by 2 reviewers. Inclusion criteria will be articles providing data on (1) fully qualified theater staff involved in performing invasive procedures, (2) one or more methods for shared learning (ie, digital means for training/education and feedback), and (3) qualitative or quantitative evaluations of this method. Data will be extracted (10% double data extraction by an independent reviewer) into a piloted proforma and analyzed using descriptive statistics, narrative summaries, and principles of thematic analysis. RESULTS The study commenced in October 2021 and is planned to be completed in 2023. To date, systematic searches were applied to 2 electronic databases (MEDLINE and Web of Science) and returned a total of 10,093 records. The results of this scoping review will be published as open access in a peer-reviewed journal. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review of methods for shared learning in surgery is, to our knowledge, the most comprehensive and up-to-date investigation that maps current information on this topic. Ultimately, efficient and effective sharing of information and knowledge of novel procedures and devices has the potential to optimize the evaluation of early-phase surgical research and reduce harmful innovation. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/37544.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christin Hoffmann
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Kobetic
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Alford
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Blencowe
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Division of Surgery, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jozel Ramirez
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Rhiannon Macefield
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jane M Blazeby
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Division of Surgery, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kerry N L Avery
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Shelley Potter
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Bristol Breast Care Centre, North Bristol National Health Service Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Minami HR, Li X, Ong SK, Allen S, Ansari P, Balters M, Han D, Hess D, Jackson P, Kimbrough M, Porter M, Schroll R, Shames B, Shelton J, Soult M, Sussman JJ, Williams M, Yoo P, Smeds MR. Frequency and Characteristics of Social Media Use among General Surgery Trainees. J Surg Res 2022; 277:342-351. [PMID: 35561650 PMCID: PMC9677327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With increased social isolation due to COVID-19, social media has been increasingly adopted for communication, education, and entertainment. We sought to understand the frequency and characteristics of social media usage among general surgery trainees. MATERIALS AND METHODS General surgery trainees in 15 American training programs were invited to participate in an anonymous electronic survey. The survey included questions about demographics, frequency of social media usage, and perceptions of risks and benefits of social media. Univariate analysis was performed to identify differences between high users of social media (4-7 h per week on at least one platform) and low users (0-3 h or less on all platforms). RESULTS One hundred fifty-seven of 591 (26.6%) trainees completed the survey. Most respondents were PGY3 or lower (75%) and high users of social media (74.5%). Among high users, the most popular platforms were Instagram (85.7%), YouTube (85.1%), and Facebook (83.6%). YouTube and Twitter were popular for surgical education (77.3% and 68.2%, respectively). The most reported benefits of social media were improving patient education and professional networking (85.0%), where high users agreed more strongly about these benefits (P = 0.002). The most reported risks were seeing other residents (42%) or attendings (17%) with unprofessional behavior. High users disagreed more strongly about risks, including observing attendings with unprofessional behavior (P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Most respondents were high users of social media, particularly Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. High users incorporated social media into their surgical education while perceiving more benefits and fewer risks of social media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hataka R Minami
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
| | - Xujia Li
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Samantha K Ong
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Steven Allen
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Daniel Han
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Patrick Jackson
- Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Mary Kimbrough
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | | | - Rebecca Schroll
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Brian Shames
- University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | - Michael Williams
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Peter Yoo
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Matthew R Smeds
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alawi SA, Bota O, Dragu A. [Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery in Times of Social Media: An Analysis of the Reach and Topic Focus of the Most Successful Channels on YouTube]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2022; 55:148-154. [PMID: 36037816 DOI: 10.1055/a-1862-8169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of social media such as Facebook, YouTube and Instagram is becoming an integral part of communication in plastic and aesthetic surgery. The potential reach provides significant opportunities to share information and reach patients. It must therefore be increasingly considered as a modern tool for a new form of publication and as a data and knowledge bank. This work aims to investigate the leading YouTube channels of German plastic and aesthetic surgeons with a view to reach, characteristics and topic focus. MATERIAL AND METHODS All leading German YouTube channels of specialists in plastic and aesthetic surgery were evaluated. The analysis was based on key figures (country ranking, number of uploads, reach with total views, daily new subscribers; association with university hospital, non-university hospital, private practice) and content with a consecutive classification of the topics of the most successful videos. RESULTS With the keyword "plastic surgery", 376 German channels were identified, with 8 channels meeting the inclusion criteria. The most successful channels reached a median of 1.342.017 views (IQR 745.455-2.550.682). The daily views on the channels amount to a median of 718 views per channel (IQR 272-1.086). From a total of 290 of the most successful videos, 87% were about aesthetic procedures (n=253). A percentage of 87.5% (7/8) of the most successful channels were from plastic and aesthetic surgeons in private practice. CONCLUSION The platform YouTube offers an enormous potential of reach for knowledge transfer and marketing. It is primarily used by aesthetic surgeons and here mainly by those from the private practice sector. There is still a lot of potential for expansion regarding the representation of university plastic and aesthetic surgery with all its fields such as reconstruction, hand surgery and burn surgery on this platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Arash Alawi
- UniversitätsCentrum für Orthopädie, Unfall- & Plastische Chirurgie, Abteilung für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden
| | - Olimpiu Bota
- UniversitätsCentrum für Orthopädie, Unfall- & Plastische Chirurgie, Abteilung für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden
| | - Adrian Dragu
- UniversitätsCentrum für Orthopädie, Unfall- & Plastische Chirurgie, Abteilung für Plastische und Handchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shlobin NA, Carlstrom LP, Graffeo CS. The best neurosurgical non-required required reading: Social media. J Clin Neurosci 2022; 103:1-3. [PMID: 35785614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Shlobin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Beeson S, Faulkner J, Durbin B, Miller J, Hope W. The Hernia Coding Conundrum: A Potential Benefit of the International Hernia Collaboration Online Social Media Platform. Am Surg 2022; 88:2200-2203. [PMID: 35695269 DOI: 10.1177/00031348221084968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite various resources on the subject, there remain questions regarding billing and coding hernia surgery. Recently, social media has been used to disseminate information in about surgery. The purpose of this project is to evaluate posts relating to coding through one online social media platform. MATERIALS AND METHODS The International Hernia Collaboration Facebook site was queried with terms relating to coding. Inclusion criteria were post discussing coding on the site. Posts relating to coding were reviewed by at least 2 reviewers. Number of comments, main topic of question, and additional information about codes were recorded and descriptive statistics generated. RESULTS There were 100 posts found using the search term coding of which 85 met inclusion criteria. Post ranged from 5/2014 to 6/2021. Posts were from 72 surgeons with an average of 12 responses per post. Posts most commonly related to ventral and incisional hernia (53) followed by inguinal (18), other (19), diaphragm (4), and inguinal/ventral (1). For the ventral/incisional hernia, the most common posts were related to myofascial release techniques (29) followed by mesh (6), botox (5), hernia prevention (3), other (3), robotic surgery (2), open surgery (2), rectus diastasis (2), and laparoscopy (2). DISCUSSION There remains controversies over coding for hernia repair particularly myofascial releases in ventral and incisional and new techniques using the robot. An online social media platform appears to be a viable way to disseminate coding information and generate discussion. Further study is needed to evaluate the role of social media for coding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seth Beeson
- Department of Surgery, 24520New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Justin Faulkner
- Department of Surgery, 24520New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Breanna Durbin
- Department of Surgery, 24520New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - John Miller
- Department of Surgery, 24520New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - William Hope
- Department of Surgery, 24520New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Professionalism in the dental practice: perspectives from members of the public, dentists and dental care professionals. Br Dent J 2022; 232:540-544. [PMID: 35459830 PMCID: PMC9033579 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-3994-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction This paper examines views on professionalism in the dental practice workplace through a thematic analysis of data from eight focus groups. Methods Focus groups were conducted with 19 dentists, 13 dental care professionals and 19 members of the public in England and Wales. The research was part of a larger mixed-methods study of professionalism in dentistry commissioned by the General Dental Council. Results The four most prominent themes in the focus group data were: communication, the cost of treatment, the role of the dental team and consequences of professionalism concerns. Participants agreed that these are fundamental professionalism issues, although there was some difference of opinion about addressing them. There was disagreement about the responsibilities of different members of the dental team in maintaining professionalism. Conclusion We conclude that communication skills training should be a central part of the professionalism at all levels of training. Education about team working could foster a more collaborative approach to professionalism across the dental team and support good, patient-centred oral healthcare. Support and guidance are required to help professionals reflect and learn from mistakes. Highlights the importance of communication skills as a core element of professionalism education. Suggests that education about team working could foster a more collaborative approach to maintaining professionalism within the dental practice. Recognises that lapses in professionalism can occur and should be reflected upon as part of ongoing learning.
Collapse
|
15
|
Keller EJ, Mlambo VC, Resnick SA, Vogelzang RL. #PauseBeforeYouPost: Ethical and Legal Issues Involving Medical Social Media. Semin Intervent Radiol 2022; 39:203-206. [PMID: 35781993 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1745717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Keller
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Vongai C Mlambo
- Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Scott A Resnick
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Robert L Vogelzang
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lima DL, Viscarret V, Velasco J, Lima RNCL, Malcher F. Social media as a tool for surgical education: a qualitative systematic review. Surg Endosc 2022; 36:4674-4684. [PMID: 35230534 PMCID: PMC8886864 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Social media use has exploded, attaining a significant influence within medicine. Previous studies have denoted the use of social media in various surgical specialties as a means to exchange professional ideas and improve the conference experience and at the same time, some have assessed its feasibility as a method of education. This systematic review aims to characterize the use of social media as a tool for general surgery education. Methods A systematic review of several databases from each database inception was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. The JBI’s critical appraisal tools were used to assess quality of the studies. Results A total of 861 articles were identified of which 222 were duplicates removed. The titles and abstracts from the remaining 639 abstracts were screened and 589 were excluded. The remaining 51 full articles were analyzed for eligibility, of which 24 met inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. These studies covered the general surgery specialty, of which 11 (n = 46%) focused on the laparoscopic surgical approach, 1 (n = 4%) on robotic-assisted surgical procedures, 1 (n = 4%) on both surgical approaches previously mentioned and 11 (n = 46%) on the general surgery specialty regardless of the surgical approach or technique. Conclusions Advantages that SM offers should be considered, and content creators and institutions should help collectively to make sure that the content being published is evidence and guideline-based so its use it is taken to the maximum benefit. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00464-022-09150-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego L Lima
- Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, 1825 Eastchester Rd, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
| | - Valentina Viscarret
- Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, 1825 Eastchester Rd, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Juan Velasco
- Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, 1825 Eastchester Rd, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | | | - Flavio Malcher
- Division of General Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Saade K, Shelton T, Ernst M. The Use of Social Media for Medical Education Within Urology: a Journey Still in Progress. Curr Urol Rep 2021; 22:57. [PMID: 34913134 PMCID: PMC8674028 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-021-01077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This paper aims to discuss the growth of social media in urology over time, focusing on medical education platforms and best practices. RECENT FINDINGS Social medial has facilitated physician and patient knowledge acquisition, conference participation, and mentorship. Several social media best practice statements are available, including from the American Urologic Association (AUA) and The European Association of Urology (EAU), to help ensure responsible use. The role of social media in urologic medical education has been amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Its utilization by urologists has been expanding, making it very valuable for physician and patient education. Future research should focus on ways to maximize these medical education efforts, minimize risks, and increase guideline awareness among users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiana Saade
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Shelton
- Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael Ernst
- Department of Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Klemm S. Guidance for Professional Use of Social Media in Nutrition and Dietetics Practice. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:403-409. [PMID: 34793988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Klemm
- The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition Information Services, Chicago, IL.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Henderson JT, Mullens CL, Woodberry KM. US Public's Perceptions of Online Transformation Photos. Aesthet Surg J 2021; 41:1483-1491. [PMID: 33848328 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjab189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many plastic surgeons seek to optimize their online presence and reach a broader patient base, no studies to our knowledge have evaluated the general public's perceptions of one of the most valued informational tools: transformation photos. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the general public's preferences for viewing transformation photos online. METHODS Respondents representative of the US public, crowdsourced through Amazon Mechanical Turk, answered a survey assessing perceptions of the posting of before-and-after photos. RESULTS One thousand respondents completed the questionnaire. Ninety percent (905/1000) of respondents are willing to view online before-and-after photos. Sixty-three percent (634/1000) would consent to online posting of before-and-after photos of at least 1 body area, with comfort levels highest for facelift (36.4%), nonoperative facial rejuvenation (31.9%), liposuction (24.9%), and abdominoplasty (23.2%). Breast reduction (12.4%), breast reconstruction (10.9%), gluteal augmentation (14.0%), and vaginal rejuvenation (4.4%) are considered least acceptable for public posting. Respondents are significantly more opposed to online viewing of genitals than any other body area (P < 0.0001). Of those willing to have their own transformation photos posted online, 74.0% would allow posting on professional practice websites, 35.1% on Instagram, 26.6% on Facebook, 17.2% on Twitter, and 10.7% on Snapchat. Significantly more respondents prefer their transformation photos reside only on professional practice websites rather than on a social media platform (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The public considers aesthetic facial procedures and body contouring most acceptable for showcasing transformation photos online. Although most respondents prefer viewing these photos on professional practice websites, Instagram is the favored social media platform. The majority of the public seek transformation photos when choosing a plastic surgeon for a cosmetic procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Henderson
- Division of Plastic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Cody L Mullens
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kerri M Woodberry
- Division of Plastic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bludevich BM, Fryer M, Scott EM, Buettner H, Davids JS, LaFemina J. Patterns of General Surgery Residency Social Media Use in the Age of COVID-19. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2021; 78:e218-e225. [PMID: 34016568 PMCID: PMC8635497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role for social media use by General Surgery departments continues to expand and social media accounts have been increasingly implemented as a tool for residency program for promotion and engagement. The importance of these accounts appears to have increased given the unprecedented changes with COVID-19 and the dramatic and unpredictable change to the application cycle including the use of virtual interviews, suggesting a perceived need for increased online engagement with applicants. The purpose of this study was to determine the patterns of creation and usage of Twitter and Instagram accounts of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited General Surgery residency programs and their associated surgical departments. METHORDS A cross-sectional study of the use of Twitter and Instagram by the 332 ACGME-accredited General Surgery residency programs and their associated departments was conducted in February 2021. Twitter and Instagram accounts were identified by accessing program/department websites as well as social media platform and internet searches. Year of creation, number of followers, and number of posts (July 1, 2018-December 31, 2020) were collected. Trends in usage were compared across years stratified by platform and by account owner (department vs. residency). RESULTS Instagram accounts are more than five-times greater for residencies compared to departments (42% vs 8%, p < 0.001). There was not a significant difference between the number of department and residency Twitter accounts (26% vs 23%, p = 0.37). Significantly more residency Instagram and Twitter accounts were created or first posted in 2020 compared to department accounts (Instagram: 100 vs 7, p < 0.001; Twitter: 31 vs 6, p = 0.001). Over 18% of residency programs had both Twitter and Instagram accounts compared to only 6% of departments (p < 0.001). However, department Twitter and Instagram accounts had significantly higher median total posts from 7/1/2018-12/31/2020 (Twitter: p = 0.0001, Instagram p = 0.004). While the number of Instagram followers and accounts being followed were similar between residencies and departments, department Twitter accounts had a larger median number of followers (1141 vs. 430, p=0.003) and account followings (308 vs. 192, p = 0.001) compared to residency accounts. CONCLUSIONS The number of residency social media accounts has significantly increased in 2020 compared to account creation of departments, with Instagram account creation exceeding that of Twitter and of departments. The opposite pattern in usage was seen related to number of posts, and with Twitter, followers, and number of followings, with departments outpacing residencies. This significant increase in account creation may have been influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic and the change to a virtual interview season, suggesting an unprecedented need for online engagement with applicants. As the increased social media presence will likely persist in future application cycles, further study about the impact of residency social media use on recruitment and applicant decision-making as well as effective strategies, is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryce M Bludevich
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Madeline Fryer
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Erin M Scott
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Hannah Buettner
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer S Davids
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer LaFemina
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
The new dilemma of plastic surgery and social media: a systematic review. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00238-021-01891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
22
|
Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Toth
- Cerebrovascular Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Luis Savastano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bharathi D Jagadeesan
- Department of Radiology, Neurosurgery and Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Paging All Readers! Let Us Explore Plastic Surgery Focus: Special Topics. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 148:695-699. [PMID: 34432709 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
24
|
Chappell AG, Kane RL, Wood SM, Wescott AB, Chung KC. Representation of Ethics in the Plastic Surgery Literature: A Systematic Review. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 148:289e-298e. [PMID: 34228030 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A 2009 systematic review demonstrated that ethical discourse was underrepresented in the plastic surgery literature; approximately one in 1000 articles contained ethical discussions. In the decade since, advances in plastic surgery and continued social progress have created new ethical dilemmas. However, it is unclear whether these developments have augmented the representation of ethics in the plastic surgery literature. A review of publications over the past decade can assess whether progress has been made and identify where deficits persist. METHODS The authors searched eight bibliographic databases to identify peer-reviewed articles discussing ethical issues in plastic surgery over the past decade. Independent reviewers extracted characteristics and ethical principles from included articles. RESULTS A total of 7097 articles were identified from the initial search and 531 articles were included for analysis. The principle of autonomy, present in 87.9 percent of articles, had the greatest representation, followed by beneficence (74.4 percent), nonmaleficence (72.3 percent), and justice (51.2 percent). Informed consent and face transplantation were the most prevalent topics discussed. Aesthetic surgery was the subdiscipline of plastic surgery with the greatest ethical discourse, representing 29.8 percent of all included articles. CONCLUSIONS In the past decade, there was approximately a five-fold increase in plastic surgery publications that include ethical discourse, indicating a growing awareness of ethical implications by the plastic surgery community. However, representation of ethical principles remained uneven, and specific subdisciplines of plastic surgery were substantially underrepresented. Plastic surgeons should adopt a more comprehensive approach when framing ethical implications in clinical and research settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ava G Chappell
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; and the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School
| | - Robert L Kane
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; and the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School
| | - Shannon M Wood
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; and the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School
| | - Annie B Wescott
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; and the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School
| | - Kevin C Chung
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; and the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Furnas HJ, Kim R, Rohrich RJ. Social Media and How This 75-Year-Old Journal Stays Young. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 148:488-491. [PMID: 34398104 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Furnas
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University; private practice; and the Dallas Plastic Surgery Institute
| | - Roy Kim
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University; private practice; and the Dallas Plastic Surgery Institute
| | - Rod J Rohrich
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University; private practice; and the Dallas Plastic Surgery Institute
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gai N, So D, Siddiqui A, Steinberg BE. Dissemination of Anesthesia Information During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Through Twitter: An Infodemiology Study. Anesth Analg 2021; 133:515-525. [PMID: 33886509 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000005602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twitter is a web-based social media platform that allows instantaneous sharing of user-generated messages (tweets). We performed an infodemiology study of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Twitter conversation related to anesthesiology to describe how Twitter has been used during the pandemic and ways to optimize Twitter use by anesthesiologists. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of tweets related to the specialty of anesthesiology and COVID-19 tweeted between January 21 and October 13, 2020. A publicly available COVID-19 Twitter dataset was filtered for tweets meeting inclusion criteria (tweets including anesthesiology keywords). Using descriptive statistics, tweets were reviewed for tweet and account characteristics. Tweets were filtered for specific topics of interest likely to be impactful or informative to anesthesiologists of COVID-19 practice (airway management, personal protective equipment, ventilators, COVID testing, and pain management). Tweet activity was also summarized descriptively to show temporal profiles over the pandemic. RESULTS Between January 21 and October 13, 2020, 23,270 of 241,732,881 tweets (0.01%) met inclusion criteria and were generated by 15,770 accounts. The majority (51.9%) of accounts were from the United States. Seven hundred forty-nine (4.8%) of all users self-reported as anesthesiologists. 33.8% of all tweets included at least one word or phrase preceded by the # symbol (hashtag), which functions as a label to search for all tweets including a specific hashtag, with the most frequently used being #anesthesia. About half (52.2%) of all tweets included at least one hyperlink, most frequently linked to other social media, news organizations, medical organizations, or scientific publications. The majority of tweets (67%) were not retweeted. COVID-19 anesthesia tweet activity started before the pandemic was declared. The trend of daily tweet activity was similar to, and preceded, the US daily death count by about 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS The toll of the pandemic has been reflected in the anesthesiology conversation on Twitter, representing 0.01% of all COVID-19 tweets. Daily tweet activity showed how the Twitter community used the platform to learn about important topics impacting anesthesiology practice during a global pandemic. Twitter is a relevant platform through which to communicate about anesthesiology topics, but further research is required to delineate its effectiveness, benefits, and limitations for anesthesiology discussions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gai
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Delvin So
- The Centre for Computational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Asad Siddiqui
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin E Steinberg
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Risks and Benefits of Live Surgical Broadcast: A Systematic Review. Eur Urol Focus 2021; 8:870-881. [PMID: 34148861 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Live surgical broadcast (LSB), also known as live surgery, has become a popular format for many types of surgical education meetings. However, concerns have been raised in relation to patient safety, ethical issues, and the actual educational value of LSB. OBJECTIVE To summarize current evidence on LSB with a focus on the risks of complications and the educational impact. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We performed a systematic review of the literature according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify studies up to December 2020. We identified original articles reporting on patient outcomes, educational value, current use, and development of LSB. We also interrogated surgical society guidelines for position statements on LSB. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Our literature search identified 46 studies spanning six surgical specialties, with urology being the most frequent. Approximately half of the studies reported on outcomes of surgical procedures during LSB. In urology, the few comparative studies available did not suggest higher complication rates in LSB, whereas data for other surgical fields highlighted evidence of worse outcomes. Four studies assessed the educational value of LSB via survey administration, for which the evidence is limited and of low quality. Thirteen guidelines and position statements on live surgery were identified among major surgical societies, including the European Association of Urology (EAU). Some surgical societies have expressly prohibited the use of LSB at their major meetings. The perspective of surgeons performing and/or attending live surgical sessions was evaluated in six studies, and four studies looked at urologists' perception of LSB compared to semi-LSB. Limitations of this systematic review include the limited number of studies available, the low quality of the evidence, and data heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Evidence regarding outcomes of LSB is limited. Almost all the studies do not show a higher risk of complications or worse outcomes for patients undergoing a procedure during LSB. Only one study on gastrointestinal surgery reported that LSB outcomes were worse. Ongoing concerns have led to specific guidelines by several scientific societies, including the EAU, with the ultimate aim of minimizing surgical risks and maximizing patient safety. PATIENT SUMMARY Live surgery events are often part of surgical conferences. Data in the literature show mixed outcomes for operations performed during live surgery events, but with no increase in complication rates. Safety and ethical concerns remain. Other educational tools, such as prerecorded videos and live surgery transmission from the home institution of the operating surgeon might become preferred options in the future. This review was prospectively registered on the PROSPERO website (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, registration number CRD42020194023).
Collapse
|
28
|
Atiyeh BS, Chahine F, Abou Ghanem O. Social Media and Plastic Surgery Practice Building: A Thin Line Between Efficient Marketing, Professionalism, and Ethics. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2021; 45:1310-1321. [PMID: 32964279 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-020-01961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Social media sites and platforms have grown in numbers with an enormous potential to reach and disseminate information in real time. They are impacting tremendously for better or for worse on the current practice of plastic surgery. As the demand for elective plastic surgery, in particular for aesthetic procedures, continues to rise, there is a need to determine the influence of social media advertisements and how it motivates the public to undergo cosmetic procedures. Most importantly, there is an urgent need to determine how the social media are impacting plastic surgery practice building and what is proper and efficient marketing while upholding ethics of the medical profession? A thorough PICO tool-based comprehensive literature search was conducted. Fifty-one peer-reviewed publications, 15 patient-centered, 33 provider-centered, and three combined patient/provider were identified to be relevant to the use of social media in plastic surgery and were selected for this review. Evidence on how social media influences the medical practice and helps in practice building remains scarce; nevertheless, reliance of plastic surgeons on social media to improve their practice has been increasing steadily. Social media may be a powerful tool to promote one's career. It presents, however, serious professional, legal, and ethical challenges including maintenance of professionalism and protecting patient confidentiality. If misused, it may be a quick way to end a plastic surgery practice.Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bishara S Atiyeh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Odette Abou Ghanem
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rethlefsen ML, Kirtley S, Waffenschmidt S, Ayala AP, Moher D, Page MJ, Koffel JB. PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA statement for reporting literature searches in systematic reviews . J Med Libr Assoc 2021; 109:174-200. [PMID: 34285662 PMCID: PMC8270366 DOI: 10.5195/jmla.2021.962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature searches underlie the foundations of systematic reviews and related review types. Yet, the literature searching component of systematic reviews and related review types is often poorly reported. Guidance for literature search reporting has been diverse and, in many cases, does not offer enough detail to authors who need more specific information about reporting search methods and information sources in a clear, reproducible way. This document presents the PRISMA-S (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses literature search extension) checklist, and explanation and elaboration. METHODS The checklist was developed using a three-stage Delphi survey process, followed by a consensus conference and public review process. RESULTS The final checklist includes sixteen reporting items, each of which is detailed with exemplar reporting and rationale. CONCLUSIONS The intent of PRISMA-S is to complement the PRISMA Statement and its extensions by providing a checklist that could be used by interdisciplinary authors, editors, and peer reviewers to verify that each component of a search is completely reported and, therefore, reproducible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. Rethlefsen
- , Executive Director and Professor, Health Sciences Library & Informatics Center, University of New Mexico
| | - Shona Kirtley
- , Senior Research Information Specialist, UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine (CSM), Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Siw Waffenschmidt
- , Head of the Information Management Unit, Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ana Patricia Ayala
- , Research Services Librarian, Gerstein Science Information Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Moher
- , Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, Centre for Practice Changing Research Building, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew J. Page
- , Research Fellow, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan B. Koffel
- , Emerging Technology and Innovation Strategist, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - PRISMA-S Group
- , Executive Director and Professor, Health Sciences Library & Informatics Center, University of New Mexico
- , Senior Research Information Specialist, UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine (CSM), Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
- , Head of the Information Management Unit, Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care, Cologne, Germany
- , Research Services Librarian, Gerstein Science Information Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- , Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, Centre for Practice Changing Research Building, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- , Research Fellow, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- , Emerging Technology and Innovation Strategist, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Irwin TJ, Riesel JN, Ortiz R, Helliwell LA, Lin SJ, Eberlin KR. The Impact of Social Media on Plastic Surgery Residency Applicants. Ann Plast Surg 2021; 86:335-339. [PMID: 32349083 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plastic surgeons have been early adopters of social media, and the efficacy and ethics of this practice have been studied. In addition, plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) training programs have begun using social media to connect with the public, including prospective PRS applicants. The ability of social media to attract prospective residency applicants is unknown. This study aims to examine the influence of social media on prospective residency applicants and their perception of a plastic surgery program. METHODS In the academic years 2018 and 2019, we conducted an anonymous, voluntary survey among applicants applying to both the integrated and independent Harvard PRS residency programs. The survey collected data regarding demographics, social media usage, online information gathering, and PRS programs' social media influence on applicants' perception/rank position of programs. RESULTS One hundred nine surveys were completed (23%). Ninety-seven percent of respondents reported searching online for information about residency programs. Twenty percent of respondents noted that a residency program's social media platform "influenced their perception of a program or intended rank position of a program" and 72% of those respondents indicated a positive effect on their perception of a program and its rank list position. At least 15% of respondents were concerned that engaging with a program's social media account would attract attention to their own social media accounts. CONCLUSIONS Applicants routinely rely on online resources to gather information regarding prospective residency programs. Fear of attracting attention to their own personal social media pages may limit applicants' engagement with PRS programs on social media. However, residency programs can still utilize social media to deliver important messages, especially as social media usage continues to grow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Irwin
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Johanna N Riesel
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ricardo Ortiz
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Lydia A Helliwell
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital
| | - Samuel J Lin
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Boston, MA
| | - Kyle R Eberlin
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rethlefsen ML, Kirtley S, Waffenschmidt S, Ayala AP, Moher D, Page MJ, Koffel JB. PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews. Syst Rev 2021; 10:39. [PMID: 33499930 PMCID: PMC7839230 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 790] [Impact Index Per Article: 263.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature searches underlie the foundations of systematic reviews and related review types. Yet, the literature searching component of systematic reviews and related review types is often poorly reported. Guidance for literature search reporting has been diverse, and, in many cases, does not offer enough detail to authors who need more specific information about reporting search methods and information sources in a clear, reproducible way. This document presents the PRISMA-S (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses literature search extension) checklist, and explanation and elaboration. METHODS The checklist was developed using a 3-stage Delphi survey process, followed by a consensus conference and public review process. RESULTS The final checklist includes 16 reporting items, each of which is detailed with exemplar reporting and rationale. CONCLUSIONS The intent of PRISMA-S is to complement the PRISMA Statement and its extensions by providing a checklist that could be used by interdisciplinary authors, editors, and peer reviewers to verify that each component of a search is completely reported and therefore reproducible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. Rethlefsen
- Health Science Center Libraries, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Shona Kirtley
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine (CSM), Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Siw Waffenschmidt
- Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ana Patricia Ayala
- Gerstein Science Information Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, Centre for Practice Changing Research Building, 501 Smyth Road, PO BOX 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6 Canada
| | - Matthew J. Page
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Montemurro P, Tay VKS, Hedén P. The Evolution of Patients' and Surgeons' Perspectives Towards the Role of the Internet and Social Media in Breast Augmentation Over 5 Years. Aesthet Surg J 2021; 41:262-268. [PMID: 32246151 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjaa087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of the internet and social media (SoMe) in the decision-making of patients is recognized. Plastic surgeons are aware of this trend but are entangled between ethics, professionalism, and business acumen. OBJECTIVES In this study, the authors presented the evolution of perspectives of patients and surgeons recruited through a private clinic over 5 years. METHODS A questionnaire was administered to patients consulting for primary breast augmentation in 2014, 2017, and 2019. Plastic surgeons who worked at or visited the Akademikliniken in 2014, 2017, and 2019 completed a separate questionnaire. RESULTS In total, 1646 patient responses were collected. Patients who started their information gathering with the internet increased from 68.0% to 72.9%, and 94.1% of patients looked for information about aesthetic surgery on the internet before their consultation. Patients who read about aesthetic surgery on SoMe increased 29.1%. Of 462 surgeons recruited, 62% opined that the majority of patients had gathered information online before consultation. Fewer surgeons in 2019 thought that the internet and SoMe led to better information (down from 61.7% to 35.2%). An increase from 38.3% to 65.3% of surgeons attributed it to unrealistic expectations. However, only 9.7% of surgeons would support removal of plastic surgery material from SoMe compared with 21.9% in 2014. CONCLUSIONS The increased utilization and influence of the internet and SoMe on patients and surgeons is rapid. Aesthetic plastic surgeons must equip themselves to cope with the risks and capitalize on the opportunity for patient engagement and public education.
Collapse
|
33
|
Hill SS, Dore FJ, Em ST, McLoughlin RJ, Crawford AS, Sturrock PR, Maykel JA, Alavi K, Davids JS. Twitter Use Among Departments of Surgery With General Surgery Residency Programs. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2021; 78:35-42. [PMID: 32631768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine patterns of Twitter use by surgery departments with residency programs and understand relevant motivations and concerns. The primary outcome was to quantify account prevalence and activity. The secondary outcomes were to identify reasons for use and perceived benefits and concerns. DESIGN SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional study was performed on Twitter accounts of departments of surgery with Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education accredited general surgery residencies. An anonymous survey was distributed to all programs with accounts. Data acquisition was completed in August 2019 and analysis was completed in February 2020. RESULTS Among the 319 departments of surgery, only 80 (25%) had department of surgery Twitter accounts. Mean account age was 3.5 years (range: 0-9.8), with the highest account creation in 2017 (n = 23, 29%). Median total tweets per account was 314 (range 3-21,893), and median number of followers was 454 (range 18-22,353). Having a Twitter account was associated with program type: 66/123 (54%) university-based, 1/9 (11%) military, 13/124 (11%) community/university-affiliated, and 0/63 (0%) community (p < 0.01). Survey response rate was 40% (n = 32). Only 59% had formal posting guidelines. Daily logins (78%) and daily tweeting (53%) were common. The most frequent perceived benefits were "highlighting new research and major events" (97%), "increasing visibility within the academic community" (91%), and "improving resident engagement" (75%). The most common concerns were "professionalism" (72%), "privacy" (63%), and "time commitment" (53%). CONCLUSIONS Though only a quarter of departments of general surgery had Twitter accounts, they were felt to be key for improving academic reach. Formal posting guidelines existed for 59% of survey respondents, although concerns about privacy and content were common. An underutilized tool for surgery departments to promote academic achievements, Twitter use represents a potential opportunity to engage the surgical community more broadly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna S Hill
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Fiona J Dore
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Steven T Em
- Department of Surgery, New York Medical College, Westchester, New York
| | - Robert J McLoughlin
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Allison S Crawford
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Paul R Sturrock
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Justin A Maykel
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Karim Alavi
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer S Davids
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Social media has become a permeating form of communication with billions of daily users. Twitter in particular has become a tool for the surgical community to engage with other providers, as well as patients, through active online discussions, sharing of research, and highlighting opportunities for community outreach. Twitter can help with personal branding, mentorship, and international collaboration on multiple types of academic endeavors. Likewise, institutional and residency programs can harness the power of social media to develop an online presence and aid in resident recruitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin N Harrell
- 70274University of Tennessee College of Medicine Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | - Dominique Vervoort
- 25802Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MA, USA
| | - Jessica G Y Luc
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, 8166University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brett M Tracy
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, 12306Burn: The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John Daniel Stanley
- 70274University of Tennessee College of Medicine Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hetzler PT, Makar KG, Baker SB, Fan KL, Vercler CJ. Time for a Consensus? Considerations of Ethical Social Media Use by Pediatric Plastic Surgeons. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 146:841e-842e. [PMID: 33235008 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T Hetzler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, D.C
| | - Katelyn G Makar
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital and Health Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Stephen B Baker
- Department of Plastic Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, D.C
| | - Kenneth L Fan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, D.C
| | - Christian J Vercler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital and Health Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Georgiou A, Singh P, Mosahebi A. Plastic surgery and social media in the public health sector. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020; 74:1101-1160. [PMID: 33308990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Georgiou
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, Hamstead, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom.
| | - Prateush Singh
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, Hamstead, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| | - A Mosahebi
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, Hamstead, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sturiale A, Pata F, De Simone V, Pellino G, Campennì P, Moggia E, Manigrasso M, Milone M, Rizzo G, Morganti R, Martellucci J, Gallo G. Internet and social media use among patients with colorectal diseases (ISMAEL): a nationwide survey. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1724-1733. [PMID: 32645247 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM Social media are used daily by both healthcare workers and patients. Online platforms have the potential to provide patients with useful information, increase their engagement and potentially revolutionize the patient-physician relationship. This survey aimed to evaluate the impact of the Internet and social media (I&SM) on patients affected by colorectal and proctological diseases to define a pathway to develop an evidence-based communications strategy. METHOD A 31-item anonymous electronic questionnaire was designed. It consisted of different sections concerning demographics and education, reason for the visit, knowledge of the diseases, frequency of I&SM use and patients' opinions about physicians' websites. RESULTS Over a 5-month period, 37 centres and 105 surgeons took part in the survey, and a total of 5800 patients enrolled. Approximately half of them reported using the Internet daily, and 74.6% of the study population used it at least once per week. There was a correlation (P < 0.001) between those who used the Internet for work and those who had knowledge of both symptoms and the likely diagnosis before consultation. Patients who used the Internet daily were more likely to request a consultation within 6 months of symptom onset (P < 0.0001). Patients with anorectal diseases were more likely to know about their disease and symptoms before the visit (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Colorectal patients use I&SM to look for health-related information mainly after their medical visit. Surgeons and hospital networks should plan a tailored strategy to increase patient engagement, delivering appropriate information on social media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sturiale
- Proctology and Pelvic Floor Clinical Centre, Cisanello University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Pata
- Department of Surgery, Nicola Giannettasio Hospital, Corigliano-Rossano, Italy.,La Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - V De Simone
- Proctology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - G Pellino
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Napoli, Italy.,Colorectal Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Campennì
- Proctology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - E Moggia
- Department of General Surgery, Infermi Hospital, Rivoli, Torino, Italy
| | - M Manigrasso
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Napoli, Italy
| | - M Milone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Napoli, Italy
| | - G Rizzo
- UOC General Surgery 2, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - R Morganti
- Section of Statistics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - J Martellucci
- Department of General, Emergency and Mini-invasive Surgery, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - G Gallo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Torregrosa Almonacid L. Ética en el uso de las imágenes clínicas en cirugía. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CIRUGÍA 2020. [DOI: 10.30944/20117582.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
En los últimos años, el uso de plataformas y redes sociales se ha convertido en una realidad para muchos millones de personas en todo el mundo, a la cual los médicos no podíamos ser ajenos. Por el contrario, la profesión médica ha reconocido las ventajas que esta comunicación ofrece y ha incorporado sus herramientas a las prácticas rutinarias, lo que permite recopilar, compartir y difundir información de salud, facilitar la comunicación con otros profesionales, llevar a cabo investigación, desarrollar estrategias de salud pública y de educación, socializar o conectar con amigos y familiares, e incluso lograr la promoción profesional.
Collapse
|
39
|
#PlasticSurgery: A Comparative Deep Dive Analysis into Social Media and Plastic Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 146:413-422. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
40
|
Aesthetic/Cosmetic Surgery and Ethical Challenges: The Social Media Era. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020; 44:1375-1377. [PMID: 32766894 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-020-01765-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
41
|
Chi D, Chen AD, Dorante MI, Lee BT, Sacks JM. Plastic Surgery in the Time of COVID-19. J Reconstr Microsurg 2020; 37:124-131. [PMID: 32693423 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has swept the world in the last several months, causing massive disruption to existing social, economic, and health care systems. As with all medical fields, plastic and reconstructive surgery has been profoundly impacted across the entire spectrum of practice from academic medical centers to solo private practice. The decision to preserve vital life-saving equipment and cancel elective procedures to protect patients and medical staff has been extremely challenging on multiple levels. Frequent and inconsistent messaging disseminated by many voices on the national stage often conflicts and serves only to exacerbate an already difficult decision-making process. METHODS A survey of relevant COVID-19 literature is presented, and bioethical principles are utilized to generate guidelines for plastic surgeons in patient care through this pandemic. RESULTS A cohesive framework based upon core bioethical values is presented here to assist plastic surgeons in navigating this rapidly evolving global pandemic. CONCLUSION Plastic surgeons around the world have been affected by COVID-19 and will adapt to continue serving their patients. The lessons learned in this present pandemic will undoubtedly prove useful in future challenges to come.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Chi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University Medical Center, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Austin D Chen
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Miguel I Dorante
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts
| | - Bernard T Lee
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Justin M Sacks
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University Medical Center, Saint Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
Argyriou C, Lazarides MK, Georgiadis GS. "Evidence-based Tweeting" in Vascular Surgery. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 68:542-544. [PMID: 32562831 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of social media for academic or research purposes is still in infancy. However, the potential of dissemination of medical knowledge through these electronic platforms is dynamically increasing. We performed a search on Twitter® collecting tweets containing the keywords "peripheral arterial disease" and "abdominal aortic aneurysm" separately and including 3 types of emitters. Our aim was to assess the dissemination of these 2 major vascular entities across the social networking and their effect on the medical and general population. The results show that people talk about their experiences of hospitals and care quality on Twitter® more than health care providers or commercial industries in critical diseases that arise more concern. Twitter® could become a successful channel through which physicians, patients, and health care providers interact, engage, and disseminate medical knowledge.
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Klietz ML, Kaiser HW, Machens HG, Aitzetmüller MM. Social Media Marketing: What Do Prospective Patients Want to See? Aesthet Surg J 2020; 40:577-583. [PMID: 31361806 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjz204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and Google+ have created a worldwide audience of almost 3 billion people. Society is dramatically changing, demanding evolution of marketing strategies by plastic surgeons and aesthetic doctors alike. This unknown territory provides excellent opportunities, but creates many pitfalls as well; uncertainty remains as to the most effective manner to promote one's practice/services. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to design a social experiment based on Instagram to give guidance for efficient self-promotion. METHODS An Instagram account called "doctor.aesthetics" was created. Content was produced, and categorized into 4 groups: Aesthetics, Private Life, Disease, and Science. No bots or other Instagram-based promotion were utilized. Every post was evaluated regarding likes, comments, clicks, new followers, impressions, and savings. RESULTS After 5 months and 37 posts, 10,500 people followed the account. "Scientific" posts were excluded from the analysis due to a low response rate. A significantly enhanced number of likes for "Private" postings was found. Additionally, "Private" posts led to most clicks and new followers, whereas "Aesthetics" posts were saved by most people. CONCLUSIONS To benefit the most from social media advertising, it is necessary to offer insights into private life. Although "Aesthetics" and "Disease" postings showed similar response rates, "Scientific" posts failed to attract people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luise Klietz
- Department for Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, Fachklinik Hornheide, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Günther Machens
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Matthias Michael Aitzetmüller
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bernardi K, Shah P, Askenasy EP, Balentine C, Crabbe MM, Cerame MA, Harvin JA, Huang L, Millas SG, Molt P, Saunders TE, Shah SK, Schwartz J, Ko TC, Hughes TG, Liang MK. Is the American College of Surgeons Online Communities a safe and useful venue to ask for surgical advice? Surg Endosc 2020; 34:5041-5045. [PMID: 32285209 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-019-07299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many surgeons rely on the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Community Forums for advice on managing complex patients. Our objective was to assess the safety and usefulness of advice provided on the most popular surgical forum. METHODS Overall, 120 consecutive, deidentified clinical threads were extracted from the General Surgery community in reverse chronological order. Three groups of three surgeons (mixed academic and community perspectives) evaluated the 120 threads for unsafe or dangerous posts. Positive and negative controls for safe and unsafe answers were included in 20 threads, and reviewers were blinded to their presence. Reviewers were free to access all online and professional resources. RESULTS There were 855 unique responses (median 7, 2-15 responses per thread) to the 120 clinical threads/scenarios. The review teams correctly identified all positive and negative controls for safety. While 58(43.3%) of threads contained unsafe advice, the majority (33, 56.9%) were corrected. Reviewers felt that a there was a standard of care response for 62/120 of the threads of which 50 (80.6%) were provided by the responses. Of the 855 responses, 107 (12.5%) were considered unsafe/dangerous. CONCLUSION The ACS Community Forums are generally a safe and useful resource for surgeons seeking advice for challenging cases. While unsafe or dangerous advice is not uncommon, other surgeons typically correct it. When utilizing the forums, advice should be taken as a congregate, and any single recommendation should be approached with healthy skepticism. However, social media such as the ACS Forums is self-regulating and can be an appropriate method for surgeons to communicate challenging problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla Bernardi
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX, 77026, USA.
| | - Puja Shah
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX, 77026, USA
| | - Erik P Askenasy
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX, 77026, USA
| | - Courtney Balentine
- Division of General Surgery, Dallas VA Hospital, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mark M Crabbe
- Department of Surgery, Palmetto Health Tuomey, Sumter, SC, USA
| | | | - John A Harvin
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX, 77026, USA
| | - Lillian Huang
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX, 77026, USA
| | - Stefanos G Millas
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX, 77026, USA
| | - Patrick Molt
- Department of Surgery, Fairfield Memorial Hospital, Fairfield, IL, USA
| | - Tamara E Saunders
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX, 77026, USA
| | - Shinil K Shah
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX, 77026, USA
| | - Jerry Schwartz
- Division of Integrated Communications, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tien C Ko
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX, 77026, USA
| | - Tyler G Hughes
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Salina, KS, USA
| | - Mike K Liang
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX, 77026, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Plastic Surgery Training and the Problematic Resident: A Survey of Plastic Surgery Program Directors. Ann Plast Surg 2019; 84:15-19. [PMID: 31688121 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plastic surgery resident education is a significant commitment by both programs and residents. Unfortunately, problematic resident behavior may occur and be difficult to manage. This study was designed to survey plastic surgery program directors to elucidate their experience with problematic resident behavior. METHODS A electronic survey was prepared using the online platform, qualtrics. The survey was distributed by email to all plastic surgery program directors. Questions were designed to evaluate frequency of problematic behavior and methods to manage the behaviors. A reminder was sent 3 weeks after initial distribution. Responses were collected for an additional 3 weeks. Responses were pooled separately for integrated and independent program directors. RESULTS Thirty-eight program directors responded including 10 independent and 28 integrated program directors. Integrated and independent program directors estimated prevalence of problematic behavior at 17.5 ± 14.4% and 11.8 ± 7.9%, respectively. Poor clinical skills/judgment and unprofessional behavior were the most commonly reported problematic behaviors by integrated program directors at 21% each. These were also the most commonly reported behaviors by independent program directors at 20.8% and 16.7%, respectively. Fourteen integrated program directors and 5 independent program directors reported having dismissed a resident. Only 5 integrated and 2 independent program directors reported warning signs in hindsight during the resident's initial application. Nine integrated program directors and 4 independent program directors reported at least sometimes reviewing applicant social media accounts. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of problematic behavior is estimated between 10% and 20% of plastic surgery residents. Type of problematic behavior are similar between integrated and independent residents. Warning signs on initial application are uncommon. As such, understanding problematic behaviors and methods to manage them are essential.
Collapse
|
48
|
PRS Medical Student Corner: The Value of Collaboration and Mentorship in Plastic Surgery. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2019; 7:e2319. [PMID: 31942349 PMCID: PMC6952135 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000002319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
49
|
Hetzler PT, Wang J, Fan KL, Song DH. Conceptualizing Professionalism in Social Media. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 143:1318e-1319e. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
50
|
|