1
|
van Rhijn S, Teixeira-Dias M, Medford N, Nicholson T, Okai D, Shotbolt P, Deeley Q. Predictive Utility of Diffusion MRI After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Civilian Populations: A Systematic Review. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 36:187-196. [PMID: 38528807 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20230122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A considerable number of people experience persisting symptoms and functional limitations after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). It is unclear whether subtle white matter changes contribute to this phenomenon. In this systematic review, the authors evaluated whether microstructural white matter indices on advanced MRI are related to clinical dysfunction among patients without abnormalities on standard brain computed tomography (CT) or MRI (uncomplicated mTBI). METHODS A search of multiple databases was performed. Studies with individuals who experienced blast-related, sports-related, or multiple mTBIs were excluded. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) metrics and cognitive, neuropsychiatric, or functional outcome measures were extracted from each study. RESULTS Thirteen studies were selected (participants with mTBI, N=553; healthy control group, N=438). Seven DTI studies evaluated cognitive function, with five reporting significant correlations between reduced white matter integrity and deficits in attention, processing speed, and executive function at 6-12 months after injury (three studies included only individuals with uncomplicated mTBI). Four studies found significant correlations between DTI metrics and persistent postconcussive symptoms after 3-12 months (one study included only individuals with uncomplicated mTBI). Two SWI studies reported conflicting findings regarding the relationship between the presence of microbleeds and postconcussive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that indices of microstructural white matter integrity may relate to clinical presentation 3-12 months after injury in uncomplicated mTBI. However, analysis methods and brain regions studied varied across studies. Further research is needed to identify relationships between white matter indices in specific brain regions and symptom persistence beyond 12 months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne van Rhijn
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (all authors); Perinatal Mental Health Service, West London National Health Service Trust, London (van Rhijn)
| | - Maria Teixeira-Dias
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (all authors); Perinatal Mental Health Service, West London National Health Service Trust, London (van Rhijn)
| | - Nick Medford
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (all authors); Perinatal Mental Health Service, West London National Health Service Trust, London (van Rhijn)
| | - Timothy Nicholson
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (all authors); Perinatal Mental Health Service, West London National Health Service Trust, London (van Rhijn)
| | - David Okai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (all authors); Perinatal Mental Health Service, West London National Health Service Trust, London (van Rhijn)
| | - Paul Shotbolt
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (all authors); Perinatal Mental Health Service, West London National Health Service Trust, London (van Rhijn)
| | - Quinton Deeley
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London (all authors); Perinatal Mental Health Service, West London National Health Service Trust, London (van Rhijn)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grant M, Liu J, Wintermark M, Bagci U, Douglas D. Current State of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging for Traumatic Brain Injury Prognostication. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2023; 33:279-297. [PMID: 36965946 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Advanced imaging techniques are needed to assist in providing a prognosis for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly mild TBI (mTBI). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is one promising advanced imaging technique, but has shown variable results in patients with TBI and is not without limitations, especially when considering individual patients. Efforts to resolve these limitations are being explored and include developing advanced diffusion techniques, creating a normative database, improving study design, and testing machine learning algorithms. This article will review the fundamentals of DTI, providing an overview of the current state of its utility in evaluating and providing prognosis in patients with TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Grant
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Department of Radiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; Department of Radiology, Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, Dr Hitzelberger Straße, 66849 Landstuhl, Germany.
| | - JiaJing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Max Wintermark
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Neuroradiology Department, The University of Texas Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1482, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ulas Bagci
- Radiology and Biomedical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, 737 North Michigan Drive, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida, 4328 Scorpius Street, Orlando, Florida, 32816
| | - David Douglas
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Department of Radiology, 96th Medical Group, Eglin Air Force Base, 307 Boatner Road, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida 32542, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chiou-Tan F, Ughwanogho U, Taber K. Special anatomy series: Updates in structural, functional, and clinical relevance of the corpus callosum: What new imaging techniques have revealed. THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jisprm.jisprm-000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
4
|
Wallace EJ, Mathias JL, Ward L, Fripp J, Rose S, Pannek K. A fixel-based analysis of micro- and macro-structural changes to white matter following adult traumatic brain injury. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:2187-2197. [PMID: 31999046 PMCID: PMC7268050 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging is often used to assess white matter (WM) changes following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but is limited in voxels that contain multiple fibre tracts. Fixel-based analysis (FBA) addresses this limitation by using a novel method of analysing high angular resolution diffusion-weighted imaging (HARDI) data. FBA examines three aspects of each fibre tract within a voxel: tissue micro-structure (fibre density [FD]), tissue macro-structure (fibre-bundle cross section [FC]) and a combined measure of both (FD and fibre-bundle cross section [FDC]). This study used FBA to identify the location and extent of micro- and macro-structural changes in WM following TBI. A large TBI sample (Nmild = 133, Nmoderate-severe = 29) and control group (healthy and orthopaedic; N = 107) underwent magnetic resonance imaging with HARDI and completed reaction time tasks approximately 7 months after their injury (range: 98-338 days). The TBI group showed micro-structural differences (lower FD) in the corpus callosum and forceps minor, compared to controls. Subgroup analyses revealed that the mild TBI group did not differ from controls on any fixel metric, but the moderate to severe TBI group had significantly lower FD, FC and FDC in multiple WM tracts, including the corpus callosum, cerebral peduncle, internal and external capsule. The moderate to severe TBI group also had significantly slower reaction times than controls, but the mild TBI group did not. Reaction time was not related to fixel findings. Thus, the WM damage caused by moderate to severe TBI manifested as fewer axons and a reduction in the cross-sectional area of key WM tracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica J. Wallace
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jane L. Mathias
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Lynn Ward
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jurgen Fripp
- Australian E‐Health Research Centre, CSIROBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Stephen Rose
- Australian E‐Health Research Centre, CSIROBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Kerstin Pannek
- Australian E‐Health Research Centre, CSIROBrisbaneAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tate DF, Wilde EA, York GE, Bigler ED. Neuroimaging in Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation. Concussion 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-65384-8.00003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
6
|
Gordon EM, May GJ, Nelson SM. MRI-based measures of intracortical myelin are sensitive to a history of TBI and are associated with functional connectivity. Neuroimage 2019; 200:199-209. [PMID: 31203023 PMCID: PMC6703948 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) induce persistent behavioral and cognitive deficits via diffuse axonal injury. Axonal injuries are often examined in vivo using diffusion MRI, which identifies damaged and demyelinated regions in deep white matter. However, TBI patients can exhibit impairment in the absence of diffusion-measured abnormalities, suggesting that axonal injury and demyelination may occur outside the deep white matter. Importantly, myelinated axons are also present within the cortex. Cortical myelination cannot be measured using diffusion imaging, but can be mapped in-vivo using the T1-w/T2-w ratio method. Here, we conducted the first work examining effects of TBI on intracortical myelin in living humans by applying myelin mapping to 46 US Military Veterans with a history of TBI. We observed that myelin maps could be created in TBI patients that matched known distributions of cortical myelin. After controlling for age and presence of blast injury, the number of lifetime TBIs was associated with reductions in the T1-w/T2-w ratio across the cortex, most significantly in a highly-myelinated lateral occipital region corresponding with the human MT+ complex. Further, the T1-w/T2-w ratio in this MT+ region predicted resting-state functional connectivity of that region. By contrast, a history of blast TBI did not affect the T1-w/T2-w ratio in either a diffuse or focal pattern. These findings suggest that intracortical myelin, as measured using the T1-w/T2-w ratio, may be a TBI biomarker that is anatomically complementary to diffusion MRI. Thus, myelin mapping could potentially be combined with diffusion imaging to improve MRI-based diagnostic tools for TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Gordon
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, 4800 Memorial Dr, 151-C, Waco, TX, 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, 1600 Viceroy Dr #800, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Baylor Sciences Building Suite B.309, Waco, TX, 76706, USA.
| | - Geoffrey J May
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, 4800 Memorial Dr, 151-C, Waco, TX, 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, 1600 Viceroy Dr #800, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Baylor Sciences Building Suite B.309, Waco, TX, 76706, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 8441 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Steven M Nelson
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, 4800 Memorial Dr, 151-C, Waco, TX, 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, 1600 Viceroy Dr #800, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Baylor Sciences Building Suite B.309, Waco, TX, 76706, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 8441 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms that result in neurophysiological changes and cognitive sequelae in the context of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) remain poorly understood. Animal models provide a unique opportunity to examine cellular and molecular responses using histological assessment, which can give important insights on the neurophysiological changes associated with the evolution of brain injury. To better understand the potential cumulative effects of multiple concussions, the focus of animal models is shifting from single to repetitive head impacts. With a growing body of literature on this subject, a review and discussion of current findings is valuable to better understand the neuropathology associated with rmTBI, to evaluate the current state of the field, and to guide future research efforts. Despite variability in experimental settings, existing animal models of rmTBI have contributed to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms following repeat concussion. However, how to reconcile the various impact methods remains one of the major challenges in the field today.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wouter S Hoogenboom
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10641, USA; Department of Clinical Investigation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10641, USA.
| | - Craig A Branch
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10641, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Michael L Lipton
- The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10641, USA; Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; The Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wallace EJ, Mathias JL, Ward L. Diffusion tensor imaging changes following mild, moderate and severe adult traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 12:1607-1621. [PMID: 29383621 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging quantifies the asymmetry (fractional anisotropy; FA) and amount of water diffusion (mean diffusivity/apparent diffusion coefficient; MD/ADC) and has been used to assess white matter damage following traumatic brain injury (TBI). In healthy brains, diffusion is constrained by the organization of axons, resulting in high FA and low MD/ADC. Following a TBI, diffusion may be altered; however the exact nature of these changes has yet to be determined. A meta-analysis was therefore conducted to determine the location and extent of changes in DTI following adult TBI. The data from 44 studies that compared the FA and/or MD/ADC data from TBI and Control participants in different regions of interest (ROIs) were analyzed. The impact of injury severity, post-injury interval (acute: ≤ 1 week, subacute: 1 week-3 months, chronic: > 3 months), scanner details and acquisition parameters were investigated in subgroup analyses, with the findings indicating that mild TBI should be examined separately to that of moderate to severe injuries. Lower FA values were found in 88% of brain regions following mild TBI and 92% following moderate-severe TBI, compared to Controls. MD/ADC was higher in 95% and 100% of brain regions following mild and moderate-severe TBI, respectively. Moderate to severe TBI resulted in larger changes in FA and MD/ADC than mild TBI. Overall, changes to FA and MD/ADC were widespread, reflecting more symmetric and a higher amount of diffusion, indicative of white matter damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica J Wallace
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jane L Mathias
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Lynn Ward
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Castaño Leon AM, Cicuendez M, Navarro B, Munarriz PM, Cepeda S, Paredes I, Hilario A, Ramos A, Gómez PA, Lagares A. What Can Be Learned from Diffusion Tensor Imaging from a Large Traumatic Brain Injury Cohort?: White Matter Integrity and Its Relationship with Outcome. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:2365-2376. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.5691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Castaño Leon
- Department of Neurosurgery, 12 Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Cicuendez
- Department of Neurosurgery, 12 Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Navarro
- Department of Neurosurgery, 12 Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo M. Munarriz
- Department of Neurosurgery, 12 Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Cepeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, 12 Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Igor Paredes
- Department of Neurosurgery, 12 Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaya Hilario
- Department of Radiology, 12 Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ramos
- Department of Radiology, 12 Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Antonio Gómez
- Department of Neurosurgery, 12 Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Lagares
- Department of Neurosurgery, 12 Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wallace E, Mathias J, Ward L. The relationship between diffusion tensor imaging findings and cognitive outcomes following adult traumatic brain injury: A meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 92:93-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
11
|
Tae WS, Ham BJ, Pyun SB, Kang SH, Kim BJ. Current Clinical Applications of Diffusion-Tensor Imaging in Neurological Disorders. J Clin Neurol 2018; 14:129-140. [PMID: 29504292 PMCID: PMC5897194 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2018.14.2.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) is a noninvasive medical imaging tool used to investigate the structure of white matter. The signal contrast in DTI is generated by differences in the Brownian motion of the water molecules in brain tissue. Postprocessed DTI scalars can be used to evaluate changes in the brain tissue caused by disease, disease progression, and treatment responses, which has led to an enormous amount of interest in DTI in clinical research. This review article provides insights into DTI scalars and the biological background of DTI as a relatively new neuroimaging modality. Further, it summarizes the clinical role of DTI in various disease processes such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's dementia, epilepsy, ischemic stroke, stroke with motor or language impairment, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and depression. Valuable DTI postprocessing tools for clinical research are also introduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Suk Tae
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Ham
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Bom Pyun
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Hyuk Kang
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Jo Kim
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
O'Phelan KH, Otoshi CK, Ernst T, Chang L. Common Patterns of Regional Brain Injury Detectable by Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Otherwise Normal-Appearing White Matter in Patients with Early Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:739-749. [PMID: 29228858 PMCID: PMC5831746 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) alters the lives of millions of people every year. Although mortality rates have improved, attributed to better pre-hospital care and reduction of secondary injury in the critical care setting, improvements in functional outcomes post-TBI have been difficult to achieve. Diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) allows detailed measurement of microstructural damage in regional brain tissue post-TBI, thus improving our understanding of the extent and severity of TBI. Twenty subjects were recruited from a neurological intensive care unit and compared to 18 healthy control subjects. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning was performed on a 3.0-Tesla Siemens TIM Trio Scanner (Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany) including T1- and T2-weighted sequences and DTI. Images were processed using DTIStudio software. SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) was used for statistical analysis of group differences in 14 brain regions (25 regions of interests [ROIs]). Seventeen TBI subjects completed scanning. TBI and control subjects did not differ in age or sex. All TBI subjects had visible lesions on structural MRI. TBI subjects had seven brain regions (nine ROIs) that showed significant group differences on DTI metrics (fractional anisotropy, radial diffusion, or mean diffusion) compared to noninjured subjects, including the corpus callosum (genu and splenium), superior longitudinal fasciculus, internal capsule, right retrolenticular internal capsule, posterior corona radiata, and thalamus. However, 16 ROIs showed relatively normal DTI measures. Quantitative DTI demonstrates multiple areas of microstructual injury in specific normal-appearing white matter brain regions. DTI may be useful for assessing the extent of brain injury in patients with early moderate to severe TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine H. O'Phelan
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Chad K. Otoshi
- Department of Medicine, Neuroscience and MRI Research Program, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Thomas Ernst
- Department of Medicine, Neuroscience and MRI Research Program, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Linda Chang
- Department of Medicine, Neuroscience and MRI Research Program, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Galetto V, Sacco K. Neuroplastic Changes Induced by Cognitive Rehabilitation in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2017; 31:800-813. [DOI: 10.1177/1545968317723748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. Cognitive deficits are among the most disabling consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI), leading to long-term outcomes and interfering with the individual’s recovery. One of the most effective ways to reduce the impact of cognitive disturbance in everyday life is cognitive rehabilitation, which is based on the principles of brain neuroplasticity and restoration. Although there are many studies in the literature focusing on the effectiveness of cognitive interventions in reducing cognitive deficits following TBI, only a few of them focus on neural modifications induced by cognitive treatment. The use of neuroimaging or neurophysiological measures to evaluate brain changes induced by cognitive rehabilitation may have relevant clinical implications, since they could add individualized elements to cognitive assessment. Nevertheless, there are no review studies in the literature investigating neuroplastic changes induced by cognitive training in TBI individuals. Objective. Due to lack of data, the goal of this article is to review what is currently known on the cerebral modifications following rehabilitation programs in chronic TBI. Methods. Studies investigating both the functional and structural neural modifications induced by cognitive training in TBI subjects were identified from the results of database searches. Forty-five published articles were initially selected. Of these, 34 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Results. Eleven studies were found that focused solely on the functional and neurophysiological changes induced by cognitive rehabilitation. Conclusions. Outcomes showed that cerebral activation may be significantly modified by cognitive rehabilitation, in spite of the severity of the injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Galetto
- Imaging and Cerebral Plasticity Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Centro Puzzle, Turin, Italy
| | - Katiuscia Sacco
- Imaging and Cerebral Plasticity Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Narayana PA. White matter changes in patients with mild traumatic brain injury: MRI perspective. Concussion 2017; 2:CNC35. [PMID: 30202576 PMCID: PMC6093760 DOI: 10.2217/cnc-2016-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on white matter (WM) changes in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) as assessed by multimodal MRI. All the peer reviewed publications on WM changes in mTBI from January 2011 through September 2016 are included in this review. This review is organized as follows: introduction to mTBI, the basics of multimodal MRI techniques that are potentially useful for probing the WM integrity, summary and critical evaluation of the published literature on the application of multimodal MRI techniques to assess the changes of WM in mTBI, and correlation of MRI measures with behavioral deficits. The MRI–pathology correlation studies based on preclinical models of mTBI are also reviewed. Finally, the author's perspective of future research directions is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ponnada A Narayana
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Imaging, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shah RN, Allen JW. Advances in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Imaging Biomarkers. CURRENT RADIOLOGY REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40134-017-0210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
16
|
Larson-Dupuis C, De Beaumont L. The need for a long-term multidisciplinary follow-up in the management of mTBI. Expert Rev Neurother 2016; 16:1237-1239. [DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2016.1240616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Larson-Dupuis
- Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Universite de Montreal - Psychology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louis De Beaumont
- Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Universite de Montreal - Psychology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres - Psychology, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Khong E, Odenwald N, Hashim E, Cusimano MD. Diffusion Tensor Imaging Findings in Post-Concussion Syndrome Patients after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review. Front Neurol 2016; 7:156. [PMID: 27698651 PMCID: PMC5027207 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To review the evidence for the use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters in the human brain as a diagnostic tool for and predictor of post-concussion syndrome (PCS) after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Design Systematic review. Data sources All relevant studies in AMED, Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science through 20 May, 2016. Study selection Studies that analyze traditional DTI measures [fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD)] and the severity of PCS symptoms or the development of PCS in humans after an mTBI. Data extraction Population studied, patient source, mTBI diagnosis method, PCS diagnosis method, DTI values measured, significant findings, and correlation between DTI findings and PCS. Data synthesis Ten studies investigated correlations between DTI values and PCS symptom severity or between DTI values and the development of PCS in mTBI patients. Decreased FA and increased MD and RD were associated with the development and severity of PCS. AD was not found to change significantly. Brain regions found to have significant changes in DTI parameters varied from study to study, although the corpus callosum was most frequently cited as having abnormal DTI parameters in PCS patients. Conclusion DTI abnormalities correlate with PCS incidence and symptom severity, as well as indicate an increased risk of developing PCS after mTBI. Abnormal DTI findings should prompt investigation of the syndrome to ensure optimal symptom management at the earliest stages. Currently, there is no consensus in the literature about the use of one DTI parameter in a specific region of the brain as a biomarker for PCS because no definite trends for DTI parameters in PCS subjects have been identified. Further research is required to establish a standard biomarker for PCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edrea Khong
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Injury Prevention Research Office, Saint Michael's Hospital , Toronto, ON , Canada
| | - Nicole Odenwald
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Injury Prevention Research Office, Saint Michael's Hospital , Toronto, ON , Canada
| | - Eyesha Hashim
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Injury Prevention Research Office, Saint Michael's Hospital , Toronto, ON , Canada
| | - Michael D Cusimano
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Injury Prevention Research Office, Saint Michael's Hospital , Toronto, ON , Canada
| |
Collapse
|