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Wang S, Liu G, Jia T, Wang C, Lu X, Tian L, Yang Q, Zhu C. Protection Against Post-resuscitation Acute Kidney Injury by N-Acetylcysteine via Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:848491. [PMID: 35655853 PMCID: PMC9152005 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.848491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Acute kidney injury (AKI), the common complication after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), seriously affects the prognosis of cardiac arrest (CA) patients. However, there are limited studies on post-resuscitation AKI. In addition, it has been demonstrated that N-acetylcysteine (N-AC) as an ROS scavenger, has multiorgan-protective effects on systemic and regional ischaemia-reperfusion injuries. However, no studies have reported its protective effects against post-resuscitation AKI and potential mechanisms. This study aimed to clarify the protective effects of N-AC on post-resuscitation AKI and investigate whether its potential mechanism was mediated by activating Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway in the kidney. Methods We established cardiac arrest models in rats. All animals were divided into four groups: the sham, control, N-AC, and ZnPP groups. Animals in each group except for the ZnPP group were assigned into two subgroups based on the survival time: 6 and 48 h. The rats in the control, N-AC, and ZnPP groups underwent induction of ventricular fibrillation (VF), 8 min untreated VF and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Renal function indicators, were detected using commercial kits. Renal pathologic changes were assessed by haematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses were measured using the corresponding indicators. Apoptosis was evaluated using terminal uridine nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, and expression of proteins associated with apoptosis and the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway was measured by western blotting. Results N-AC inhibited post-resuscitation AKI. We observed that N-AC reduced the levels of biomarkers of renal function derangement; improved renal pathological changes; and suppressed apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. Additionally, the production of ROS in the kidneys markedly decreased by N-AC. More importantly, compared with the control group, N-AC further upregulated the expression of nuclear Nrf2 and endogenous HO-1 in N-AC group. However, N-AC-determined protective effects on post-resuscitation AKI were markedly reversed after pretreatment of the HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP). Conclusions N-AC alleviated renal dysfunction and prolonged survival in animal models of CA. N-AC partially exerts beneficial renal protection via activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Altogether, all these findings indicated that N-AC as a common clinical agent, may have the potentially clinical utility to improve patients the outcomes in cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxiang Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyuan Jia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changsheng Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoye Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Tender Coconut Water Protects Mice From Ischemia-Reperfusion-Mediated Liver Injury and Secondary Lung Injury. Shock 2021; 56:762-772. [PMID: 34652342 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Organ injury by oxidative and inflammatory mediators occurs during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) of the liver. Remote organ injury secondary to liver I/R increases the systemic insult. Tender coconut water (TCW) has been studied in chemical and fructose-induced liver injury but its ability to decrease tissue injury in clinically relevant injury models is unknown. We evaluated the therapeutic potential of TCW in preventing liver I/R injury and associated remote organ injury. Mice were fed sugar water (SUG; control) or TCW for a week and then subjected to 60 min of liver ischemia followed by reperfusion for 6 h. Plasma alanine transaminase levels, tissue damage, and mRNA levels of Nos2, Tnf, and Il6 were significantly lower in mice fed TCW prior to I/R. Plasma cytokines followed liver cytokine patterns. TCW increased mRNA levels of the anti-oxidant genes Hmox1 and Ptgs2 in the liver of mice subjected to I/R. Remote lung injury from liver I/R was also decreased by TCW feeding as evident by less neutrophil infiltration, decreased pro-inflammatory Il6, and increased anti-inflammatory Il10 mRNA levels in the lung. To examine macrophage activation as a potential mechanism, TCW pretreatment decreased the amount of nitrite produced by RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated with LPS. The levels of Nos2, Il1b, Tnf, and Il6 were decreased while Il10 and Hmox1 mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated upon LPS stimulation of TCW pretreated RAW264.7 macrophages. Collectively, our results indicate that TCW decreased hepatic I/R-mediated damage to liver and lung and suggest that decreased macrophage activation contributes to this effect.
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Du Y, Liu XH, Zhu HC, Wang L, Wang ZS, Ning JZ, Xiao CC. Hydrogen sulfide treatment protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury via induction of heat shock proteins in rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:99-105. [PMID: 30944715 PMCID: PMC6437467 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2018.29706.7170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in different organs. However, its mechanism of action in renal IRI remains unclear. The present study investigated the hypothesis that H2S attenuates renal IRI via the induction of heat shock proteins (HSPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult Wistar rats were subjected to unilateral renal ischemia for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 6 hr. One group of rats underwent I/R without treatment, one group was administered 150 μmol/l sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) prior to I/R, one group was injected with 100 mg/kg quercetin (an HSP inhibitor) intraperitoneally prior to I/R, and another group received quercetin prior to I/R and treatment with NaHS following I/R. Two other groups underwent a sham operation and one of them received 150 μmol/l NaHS following the sham operation whereas the other received no treatment. Renal function and histological changes were compared and relevant indices of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation were examined. RESULTS IRI increased serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentrations, promoted lipid peroxidation by elevating malondialdehyde levels, suppressed superoxide dismutase activity, stimulated inflammation by inducing NF-kB, IL-2, and TLR-4 expression, and increased renal apoptosis. Levels of HSP 70, heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and HSP 27 were increased following IRI and reversed following H2S treatment. H2S attenuated changes observed in pathology, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis following IRI. The administration of quercetin reversed all protective effects of H2S. CONCLUSION The present study indicated that H2S protected renal tissue against IRI induced lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis, which may be attributed to the upregulation of HSP 70, HO-1, and HSP 27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Xiu-heng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Heng-cheng Zhu
- Physician, Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Physician, Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-shun Wang
- Physician, Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Jin-zhuo Ning
- Physician, Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng-cheng Xiao
- Physician, Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
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Ma T, Chen T, Li P, Ye Z, Zhai W, Jia L, Chen W, Sun A, Huang Y, Wei S, Li Z. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protects human lens epithelial cells (SRA01/04) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Exp Eye Res 2016; 146:318-329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Autophagy in Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:183469. [PMID: 26770970 PMCID: PMC4684839 DOI: 10.1155/2015/183469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains a major complication of liver resection, transplantation, and hemorrhagic shock. Although the mechanisms that contribute to hepatic I/R are complex and diverse involving the interaction of cell injury in hepatocytes, immune cells, and endothelium, mitochondrial dysfunction is a cardinal event culminating in hepatic reperfusion injury. Mitochondrial autophagy, so-called mitophagy, is a key cellular process that regulates mitochondrial homeostasis and eliminates damaged mitochondria in a timely manner. Growing evidence accumulates that I/R injury is attributed to defective mitophagy. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of autophagy and its role in hepatic I/R injury and highlight the various therapeutic approaches that have been studied to ameliorate injury.
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Taguchi K, Yamasaki K, Seo H, Otagiri M. Potential Use of Biological Proteins for Liver Failure Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2015; 7:255-74. [PMID: 26404356 PMCID: PMC4588199 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics7030255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological proteins have unlimited potential for use as pharmaceutical products due to their various biological activities, which include non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Recent scientific advances allow for the development of novel innovative protein-based products that draw on the quality of their innate biological activities. Some of them hold promising potential for novel therapeutic agents/devices for addressing hepatic diseases such as hepatitis, fibrosis, and hepatocarcinomas. This review attempts to provide an overview of the development of protein-based products that take advantage of their biological activity for medication, and discusses possibilities for the therapeutic potential of protein-based products produced through different approaches to specifically target the liver (or hepatic cells: hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and Kupffer cells) in the treatment of hepatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Taguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
| | - Keishi Yamasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
| | - Hakaru Seo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
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Molecular pathways in protecting the liver from ischaemia/reperfusion injury: a 2015 update. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 129:345-62. [PMID: 26014222 DOI: 10.1042/cs20150223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischaemia/reperfusion injury is an important cause of liver damage during surgical procedures such as hepatic resection and liver transplantation, and represents the main cause of graft dysfunction post-transplantation. Molecular processes occurring during hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion are diverse, and continuously include new and complex mechanisms. The present review aims to summarize the newest concepts and hypotheses regarding the pathophysiology of liver ischaemia/reperfusion, making clear distinction between situations of cold and warm ischaemia. Moreover, the most updated therapeutic strategies including pharmacological, genetic and surgical interventions, as well as some of the scientific controversies in the field are described.
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What's New in Shock, November 2014? Shock 2014; 42:381-2. [PMID: 25320912 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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