1
|
Yamasaki K, Tokuno M, Tsukigawa K, Nagatsuka Y, Nishi K, Otagiri M, Sato Y. Possible Involvement of Protein Binding Inhibition in Changes in Dexmedetomidine Concentration in Extracorporeal Circuits during Midazolam Use. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:389-393. [PMID: 38325827 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
It was recently reported that the dexmedetomidine concentration within the extracorporeal circuit decreases with co-administration of midazolam. In this study, we investigated whether displacement of dexmedetomidine by midazolam from the binding site of major plasma proteins, human serum albumin (HSA) and α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), would increase levels of free dexmedetomidine that could be adsorbed to the circuit. Equilibrium dialysis experiments indicated that dexmedetomidine binds to a single site on both HSA and AAG with four times greater affinity than midazolam. Midazolam-mediated inhibition of the binding of dexmedetomidine to HSA and AAG was also examined. The binding of dexmedetomidine to these proteins decreased in the presence of midazolam. Competitive binding experiments suggested that the inhibition of binding by midazolam was due to competitive displacement at site II of HSA and due to non-competitive displacement at the site of AAG. Thus, our present data indicate that free dexmedetomidine displaced by midazolam from site II of HSA or from AAG is adsorbed onto extracorporeal circuits, resulting in a change in the dexmedetomidine concentration within the circuit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Yamasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
- DDS Research Institute, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
| | | | - Kenji Tsukigawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
- DDS Research Institute, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
| | - Yuka Nagatsuka
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
| | - Koji Nishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
- DDS Research Institute, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
- DDS Research Institute, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
| | - Yuhki Sato
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumashiro M, Matsuo K. Characterization of membrane-interaction mechanisms of proteins using vacuum-ultraviolet circular dichroism spectroscopy. Chirality 2023; 35:826-837. [PMID: 37418251 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein-membrane interactions play an important role in various biological phenomena, such as material transport, demyelinating diseases, and antimicrobial activity. We combined vacuum-ultraviolet circular dichroism (VUVCD) spectroscopy with theoretical (e.g., molecular dynamics and neural networks) and polarization experimental (e.g., linear dichroism and fluorescence anisotropy) methods to characterize the membrane interaction mechanisms of three soluble proteins (or peptides). α1 -Acid glycoprotein has the drug-binding ability, but the combination of VUVCD and neural-network method revealed that the membrane interaction causes the extension of helix in the N-terminal region, which reduces the binding ability. Myelin basic protein (MBP) is an essential component of the myelin sheath with a multi-layered structure. Molecular dynamics simulations using a VUVCD-guided system showed that MBP forms two amphiphilic and three non-amphiphilic helices as membrane interaction sites. These multivalent interactions may allow MBP to interact with two opposing membrane leaflets, contributing to the formation of a multi-layered myelin structure. The antimicrobial peptide magainin 2 interacts with the bacterial membrane, causing damage to its structure. VUVCD analysis revealed that the M2 peptides assemble in the membrane and turn into oligomers with a β-strand structure. Linear dichroism and fluorescence anisotropy suggested that the oligomers are inserted into the hydrophobic core of the membrane, disrupting the bacterial membrane. Overall, our findings demonstrate that VUVCD and its combination with theoretical and polarization experimental methods pave the way for unraveling the molecular mechanisms of biological phenomena related to protein-membrane interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munehiro Kumashiro
- Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuo
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abbas M, Alossaimi MA, Altamimi ASA, Alajaji M, Watson DG, Shah SI, Shah Y, Anwar MS. Determination of α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) concentration by HPLC in patients following local infiltration analgesia for primary total hip arthroplasty and its relation to ropivacaine (total and unbound). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1145962. [PMID: 37456752 PMCID: PMC10345198 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1145962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study was performed to determine the levels of α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in old-age patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. AGP is considered an acute phase protein produced during the acute phase reaction in the body to various stimuli; their proper monitoring is thus important. Methods: In order to study how AGP concentrations in old age patients change in response to surgical stress (total hip arthroplasty), a high-performance liquid chromatography assay was performed to measure AGP levels. AGP was isolated from the plasma by adding perchloric acid and was analyzed using PLRP-S 4000°A column. The mobile phase consisted of 1 mL TFA/L of water (Solvent A pH 2) and 1 mL TFA/L of acetonitrile (Solvent B). The gradient used was as follows: 0 min 18% B and 82% A, 15 min 60% B and 40% A, and 17 min 60% B and 40% A followed by column re-equilibration for 7 min before the next injection. AGP peak was obtained between 8.8 and 8.9 min. The method was fully optimised according to established guidelines. Results: The data obtained were analyzed on ChromQuest software. AGP concentrations were determined in all samples, including baseline and samples taken at different timed intervals. The peak for AGP was obtained between 8.8 and 8.9 min for both standard AGP and patient plasma. The graphs indicate that AGP concentration in almost all patient samples increased considerably, especially after 4 h and 24 h-for example, initial concentration in patient 1 was 10.36 mg/100 mL but, after 24 h, increased to 23.50 mg/100 mL. There was thus almost a 13 mg/100 mL increase in 24 h, which is confirmed by AGP concentration increasing after various conditions, including surgery. The increased plasma protein binding was comparatively associated with the unchanged free fraction of the drug. Conclusion: This surgically induced increase in AGP concentration resulted in increased plasma protein binding of the drug (ropivacaine), which in turn kept the free portion of ropivacaine stable during the postoperative period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Manal A. Alossaimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Alajaji
- College of Pharmacy, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - David G. Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sayyed I. Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Yasar Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zsila F. Quorum sensing-associated bacterial phenazines are potential ligands of human α 1 -acid glycoprotein. J Mol Recognit 2023:e3027. [PMID: 37189259 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
α1 -Acid glycoprotein (AGP) is a prominent acute phase component of blood plasma and extravascular fluids. As a member of the immunocalins, AGP exerts protective effects against Gram-negative bacterial infections but the underlying molecular mechanisms still need to be elucidated. Notably, the chemical structures of phenothiazine, phenoxazine and acridine type ligands of AGP are similar to those of phenazine compounds excreted by the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and related bacterial species. These molecules, like pyocyanin, act as quorum sensing-associated virulence factors and are important contributors to bacterial biofilm formation and host colonization. Molecular docking simulations revealed that these agents fit into the multi-lobed cavity of AGP. The binding site is decorated by several aromatic residues which seem to be essential for molecular recognition of the ligands allowing multifold π-π and CH-π interactions. The estimated affinity constants (~105 M-1 ) predict that these secondary metabolites could be trapped inside the β-barrel of AGP which in turn could reduce their cytotoxic effects and disrupt the microbial QS network, facilitating the eradication of bacterial infections.
Collapse
|
5
|
Nishi K. [Elucidation of Drug Transport Mechanism by Serum Protein and Development for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2023; 143:205-210. [PMID: 36858548 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.22-00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) and α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) are the major drug-binding proteins in the blood and regulate the tissue transfer of bound drugs. We succeeded in clarifying the three-dimensional structure of AGP for the first time in the world from X-ray crystal structure analysis. Using a site-directed mutagenesis method by constructing yeast expression systems as well as the three-dimensional structure, we elucidated the properties of drug binding sites of AGP. We also found that structural change due to the interaction between AGP and cell membranes causes the release of bound drugs and reported an "AGP-mediated drug transport process." Pancreatic cancer has an extremely low response rate to anticancer drugs compared to other cancers and is resistant to starvation of nutrients including fatty acids. We clarified that glutamine metabolism is involved in this tolerance. Furthermore, aiming at efficient drug delivery and effective treatment for pancreatic cancer, we focused on nitric oxide (NO) which increases pancreatic blood flow and has a cell-killing effect on tumors and surrounding stromal tissues. We successfully synthesized nitrated phenylbutyrate (NPB), which binds to HSA and has an antitumor effect in vitro and vivo. The binding of NPB to HSA is considered to be useful for delivery to tumors through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and HSA receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Nishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University.,DDS Research Institute, Sojo University.,Yokohama University of Pharmacy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kenmotsu H, Imamura CK, Kawamura T, Oyakawa T, Omori S, Nakashima K, Wakuda K, Ono A, Taira T, Naito T, Murakami H, Yamamoto N, Takahashi T, Tanigawara Y. Prospective evaluation of the relationship between response and exposure of total and unbound erlotinib in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2022; 90:115-123. [PMID: 35821437 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-022-04452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between treatment efficacy and exposure of total and unbound erlotinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-activating mutations. PATIENTS AND METHODS EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor naïve NSCLC patients were enrolled, and erlotinib was started at 150 mg/day. Total and unbound exposure of erlotinib were prospectively evaluated. RESULTS Of the 70 enrolled patients, 61 had EGFR-activating mutations (30 patients with exon 19 deletions, 31 patients with L858R). The median area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) of total and unbound erlotinib on day 1 was 37,004 ng·h/mL (range, 9683-63,257 ng·h/mL) and 2338 ng·h/mL (581-5904 ng·h/mL), respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.9 months, and PFS did not differ between each tertile of total and unbound AUC0-24 on day 1 in 59 patients with EGFR-activating mutations. The worst grade of skin toxicities was significantly correlated with total trough concentration at steady state (Ctrough,ss) at each visit for 3 months after the initiation of erlotinib treatment (P < 0.0001). Total and unbound Ctrough,ss on day 7-15 in 20 patients whose dose was reduced due to intolerable toxicities was significantly higher than those in 48 patients whose dose was unchanged for 3 months (P = 0.0046, 0.0008). CONCLUSION The lack of relationship between efficacy and exposure of total and unbound erlotinib demonstrates that the standard dose of 150 mg/day is sufficient for the treatment of NSCLC harboring EGFR-activating mutations, despite wide inter-individual variability in exposure and dose reduction. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000012862.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Kenmotsu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Chiyo K Imamura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Advanced Cancer Translational Research Institute, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Takahisa Kawamura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takuya Oyakawa
- Division of Cardiology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shota Omori
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Kazushige Wakuda
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Ono
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Taira
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tateaki Naito
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Murakami
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Yamamoto
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Tanigawara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vlasakova K, Bourque J, Bailey WJ, Patel S, Besteman EG, Gonzalez RJ, Sistare FD, Glaab WE. Universal Accessible Biomarkers of Drug-Induced Tissue Injury and Systemic Inflammation in Rat: Performance Assessment of TIMP-1, A2M, AGP, NGAL and Albumin. Toxicol Sci 2022; 187:219-233. [PMID: 35285504 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to monitor for general drug-induced tissue injury (DITI) or systemic inflammation in any tissue using blood-based accessible biomarkers would provide a valuable tool in early exploratory animal studies to understand potential drug liabilities. Here we describe the evaluation of four biomarkers of tissue remodeling and inflammation [α2-macroglobin (A2M), α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1)] as well as the traditional serum parameter albumin as potential blood-based biomarkers of DITI and systemic inflammatory response (SIR). Biomarker performance was assessed in 51 short-term rat in vivo studies with various end-organ toxicities or SIR and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to compare relative performances. All four biomarkers performed well in their ability to detect DITI and SIR with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82 - 0.78, however TIMP-1 achieved the best sensitivity (at 95% specificity) of 61%; AGP, NGAL, and A2M sensitivity was 51-52%. AUC for albumin was 0.72 with sensitivity of 39%. A2M was the best performer in studies with only SIR (AUC 0.91). In the subset of studies with drug-induced vascular injury, TIMP-1 performed best with an AUC of 0.96. Poor performance of all tested biomarkers was observed in samples with CNS toxicity. In summary, TIMP-1, A2M, AGP and NGAL demonstrated performance as sensitive accessible biomarkers of DITI and SIR, supporting their potential application as universal accessible tissue toxicity biomarkers to quickly identify dose levels associated with drug-induced injury in early exploratory rat safety and other studies.
Collapse
|
8
|
Maraj M, Hetwer P, Kuśnierz-Cabala B, Maziarz B, Dumnicka P, Kuźniewski M, Ceranowicz P. α 1-Acid Glycoprotein and Dietary Intake in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113671. [PMID: 34835927 PMCID: PMC8621909 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Management of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients requires monitoring each of the components of malnutrition–inflammation–atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome. Restrictive diet can negatively affect nutritional status and inflammation. An acute-phase protein—α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), has been associated with energy metabolism in animal and human studies. The aim of our study was to look for a relationship between serum AGP concentrations, laboratory parameters, and nutrient intake in ESRD patients. The study included 59 patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis. A 24 h recall assessed dietary intake during four non-consecutive days—two days in the post-summer period, and two post-winter. Selected laboratory tests were performed: complete blood count, serum iron, total iron biding capacity (TIBC) and unsaturated iron biding capacity (UIBC), vitamin D, AGP, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, prealbumin, and phosphate–calcium metabolism markers (intact parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate). Recorded dietary intake was highly deficient. A majority of patients did not meet recommended daily requirements for energy, protein, fiber, iron, magnesium, folate, and vitamin D. AGP correlated positively with CRP (R = 0.66), platelets (R = 0.29), and negatively with iron (R = −0.27) and TIBC (R = −0.30). AGP correlated negatively with the dietary intake of plant protein (R = −0.40), potassium (R = −0.27), copper (R = −0.30), vitamin B6 (R = −0.27), and folates (R = −0.27), p < 0.05. However, in multiple regression adjusted for confounders, only CRP was significantly associated with AGP. Our results indicate that in hemodialyzed patients, serum AGP is weakly associated with dietary intake of several nutrients, including plant protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Maraj
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegórzecka 16 St., 31-531 Kraków, Poland; (M.M.); (P.C.)
| | - Paulina Hetwer
- Faculty of Medicine, Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Anny 12 St., 31-008 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Beata Kuśnierz-Cabala
- Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawińska 8 St., 31-066 Kraków, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-4332863
| | - Barbara Maziarz
- Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawińska 8 St., 31-066 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Paulina Dumnicka
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Marek Kuźniewski
- Chair and Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2 St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Piotr Ceranowicz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegórzecka 16 St., 31-531 Kraków, Poland; (M.M.); (P.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sierra T, Jang I, Noviana E, Crevillen AG, Escarpa A, Henry CS. Pump-Free Microfluidic Device for the Electrochemical Detection of α 1-Acid Glycoprotein. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2998-3005. [PMID: 34350757 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
α1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP) is a glycoprotein present in serum, which is associated with the modulation of the immune system in response to stress or injuries, and a biomarker for inflammatory diseases and cancers. Here, we propose a pump-free microfluidic device for the electrochemical determination of AGP. The microfluidic device utilizes capillary-driven flow and a passive mixing system to label the AGP with the Os (VI) complex (an electrochemical tag) inside the main channel, before delivering the products to the electrode surface. Furthermore, thanks to the resulting geometry, all the analytical steps can be carried out inside the device: labeling, washing, and detection by adsorptive transfer stripping square wave voltammetry. The microfluidic device exhibited a linear range from 500 to 2000 mg L-1 (R2 = 0.990) and adequate limit of detection (LOD = 231 mg L-1). Commercial serum samples were analyzed to demonstrate the success of the method, yielding recoveries around 83%. Due to its simplicity, low sample consumption, low cost, short analysis time, disposability, and portability, the proposed method can serve as a point-of-care/need testing device for AGP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Sierra
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, United States
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala,
Alcala de Henares, Madrid E-28871, Spain
| | - Ilhoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, United States
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Eka Noviana
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Agustín G. Crevillen
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala,
Alcala de Henares, Madrid E-28871, Spain
- Chemical Research Institute “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid E-28805, Spain
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), also known as Orosomucoid (ORM), belongs to the Lipocalin protein family and it is well-known for being a positive acute-phase protein. AGP is mostly found in plasma, with the liver as main contributor, but it is also expressed in other tissues such as the brain or the adipose tissue. Despite the vast literature on AGP, the physiological functions of the protein remain to be elucidated. A large number of activities mostly related to protection and immune system modulation have been described. Recently created AGP-knockout models have suggested novel physiological roles of AGP, including regulation of metabolism. AGP has an outstanding ability to efficiently bind endogenous and exogenous small molecules that together with the complex and variable glycosylation patterns, determine AGP functions. This review summarizes and discusses the recent findings on AGP structure (including glycans), ligand-binding ability, regulation, and physiological functions of AGP. Moreover, this review explores possible molecular and functional connections between AGP and other members of the Lipocalin protein family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-intensity ultrasound has been used to induce acoustic cavitation in the skin and subsequently enhances skin permeability to deliver hydrophobic topical medications including lidocaine. In contrast, instead of changing skin permeability, pulsed application of low-intensity focused ultrasound (FUS) has shown to non-invasively and temporarily disrupt drug-plasma protein binding, thus has potential to enhance the anesthetic effects of hydrophilic lidocaine hydrochloride through unbinding it from serum/interstitial α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG). METHODS FUS, operating at fundamental frequency of 500 kHz, was applied pulse-mode (55-ms pulse duration, 4-Hz pulse repetition frequency) at a spatial-peak pulse-average intensity of 5 W/cm2. In vitro equilibrium dialysis was performed to measure the unbound concentration of lidocaine (lidocaine hydrochloride) from dialysis cassettes, one located at the sonication focus and the other outside the sonication path, all immersed in phosphate-buffered saline solution containing both lidocaine (10 µg/mL) and human AAG (5 mg/mL). In subsequent animal experiments (Sprague-Dawley rats, n = 10), somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP), elicited by electrical stimulations to the unilateral hind leg, was measured under three experimental conditions-applications of FUS to the unilateral thigh area at the site of administered topical lidocaine, FUS only, and lidocaine only. Skin temperature was measured before and after sonication. Passive cavitation detection was also performed during sonication to evaluate the presence of FUS-induced cavitation. RESULTS Sonication increased the unbound lidocaine concentration (8.7 ± 3.3 %) from the dialysis cassette, compared to that measured outside the sonication path (P < 0.001). Application of FUS alone did not alter the SSEP while administration of lidocaine reduced its P23 component (i.e., a positive peak at 23 ms latency). The FUS combined with lidocaine resulted in a further reduction of the P23 component (in a range of 21.8 - 23.4 ms after the electrical stimulations; F(2,27) = 3.2 - 4.0, P < 0.05), indicative of the enhanced anesthetic effect of the lidocaine. Administration of FUS neither induced cavitation nor altered skin conductance or temperature, suggesting that skin permeability was unaffected. CONCLUSIONS Unbinding lidocaine from the plasma proteins by exposure to non-thermal low-intensity ultrasound is attributed as the main mechanism behind the observation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Chul Kim
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, 02115, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wonhye Lee
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, 02115, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Böhlke
- School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyungho Yoon
- Center for Healthcare Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Schik Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, 02115, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao S, Gockenbach M, Grimstein M, Sachs HC, Mirochnick M, Struble K, Belew Y, Wang J, Capparelli EV, Best BM, Johnson T, Momper JD, Maharaj AR. Characterization of Plasma Protein Alterations in Pregnant and Postpartum Individuals Living With HIV to Support Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model Development. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:721059. [PMID: 34722417 PMCID: PMC8550258 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.721059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alterations in plasma protein concentrations in pregnant and postpartum individuals can influence antiretroviral (ARV) pharmacokinetics. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models can serve to inform drug dosing decisions in understudied populations. However, development of such models requires quantitative physiological information (e.g., changes in plasma protein concentration) from the population of interest. Objective: To quantitatively describe the time-course of albumin and α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) concentrations in pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV. Methods: Serum and plasma protein concentrations procured from the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trial Protocol 1026s (P1026s) were analyzed using a generalized additive modeling approach. Separate non-parametric smoothing splines were fit to albumin and AAG concentrations as functions of gestational age or postpartum duration. Results: The analysis included 871 and 757 serum albumin concentrations collected from 380 pregnant (~20 to 42 wks gestation) and 354 postpartum (0 to 46 wks postpartum) women, respectively. Thirty-six and 32 plasma AAG concentrations from 31 pregnant (~24 to 38 wks gestation) and 30 postpartum women (~2-13 wks postpartum), respectively, were available for analysis. Estimated mean albumin concentrations remained stable from 20 wks gestation to term (33.4 to 34.3 g/L); whereas, concentrations rapidly increased postpartum until stabilizing at ~42.3 g/L 15 wk after delivery. Estimated AAG concentrations slightly decreased from 24 wks gestation to term (53.6 and 44.9 mg/dL) while postpartum levels were elevated at two wks after delivery (126.1 mg/dL) and subsequently declined thereafter. Computational functions were developed to quantitatively communicate study results in a form that can be readily utilized for PBPK model development. Conclusion: By characterizing the trajectory of plasma protein concentrations in pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV, our analysis can increase confidence in PBPK model predictions for HIV antiretrovirals and better inform drug dosing decisions in this understudied population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Zhao
- Division of Pediatrics and Maternal Health, Office of Rare Diseases, Pediatrics, Urologic and Reproductive Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Mary Gockenbach
- Division of Pediatrics and Maternal Health, Office of Rare Diseases, Pediatrics, Urologic and Reproductive Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Manuela Grimstein
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Hari Cheryl Sachs
- Division of Pediatrics and Maternal Health, Office of Rare Diseases, Pediatrics, Urologic and Reproductive Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Mark Mirochnick
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kimberly Struble
- Division of Antivirals, Office of Antimicrobials, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Yodit Belew
- Division of Antivirals, Office of Antimicrobials, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Jian Wang
- Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Edmund V Capparelli
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.,Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Brookie M Best
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.,Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Tamara Johnson
- Division of Pediatrics and Maternal Health, Office of Rare Diseases, Pediatrics, Urologic and Reproductive Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Jeremiah D Momper
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Anil R Maharaj
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ikeda S, Takahashi S, Suzuki N, Hanzawa F, Horio F, Oda H. Gut Microbiota Is Not Involved in the Induction of Acute Phase Protein Expression Caused by Vitamin C Deficiency. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2020; 66:19-23. [PMID: 32115449 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Using rats, we previously found that vitamin C deficiency increases serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and glucocorticoid, and changes the gene expression of acute phase proteins (APP) in the liver. However, it remains unclear how vitamin C deficiency causes these inflammation-like responses. In this study, we investigated the possibility that changes in gut microbiota are involved in the induction of APP gene expression by vitamin C deficiency. ODS rats that cannot genetically synthesize vitamin C were divided into 4 groups based on the presence or absence of vitamin C or antibiotics and were raised for 15 d. Neomycin, vancomycin, and ampicillin were used as antibiotics, and 300 mg L-ascorbic acid/kg was added to the AIN93G diet. Vitamin C deficiency affected neither the wet tissue weights nor relative abundance of bacteria in the cecal contents. Antibiotic administration increased wet weights of the cecum, cecal contents, and colon, changed the relative abundance of some bacteria in the cecal contents, and decreased serum IL-6 level. However, antibiotic administration had no effect on serum concentrations of corticosterone and α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), vitamin C concentration in the liver, and mRNA levels of haptoglobin and AGP in the liver. Therefore, disturbance of gut microbiota did not attenuate the increase in glucocorticoid level and induction of APP gene expression due to vitamin C deficiency. This suggests that gut microbiota is not involved in the inflammation-like responses caused by vitamin C deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saiko Ikeda
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences
| | - Saki Takahashi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences
| | - Norie Suzuki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences
| | - Fumiaki Hanzawa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences
| | - Fumihiko Horio
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University
| | - Hiroaki Oda
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Srivastava A, Pike A, Williamson B, Fenner K. A Novel Method for Preventing Non-specific Binding in Equilibrium Dialysis Assays Using Solutol® as an Additive. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:1412-7. [PMID: 33248055 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Accurate determination of fraction unbound in plasma is required for the interpretation of pharmacology and toxicology data, in addition to predicting human pharmacokinetics, dose, and drug-drug interaction potential. A trend, largely driven by changing target space and new chemical modalities, has increased the occurrence of compounds beyond the traditional rule of 5 physicochemical property space, meaning many drugs under development have high lipophilicity. This can present challenges for ADME assays, including non-specific binding to labware, low dynamic range and solubility. When determining unbound fraction, low recovery, due to non-specific binding, makes bioanalytical sensitivity limiting and prevents determination of free fraction for highly bound compounds. Here, mitigation of non-specific binding through the addition of 0.01% v/v of the excipient Solutol® to an equilibrium dialysis assay has been explored. Solutol® prevented non-specific binding to the dialysis membrane and showed no significant binding to plasma proteins. A test set of compounds demonstrates that this method gives comparable values of fraction unbound. In conclusion, the use of Solutol® as an additive in equilibrium dialysis formats could provide a method of mitigating non-specific binding, enabling the determination of fraction unbound values for highly lipophilic compounds.
Collapse
|
15
|
Fujimura R, Watanabe H, Nishida K, Fujiwara Y, Koga T, Bi J, Imafuku T, Kobayashi K, Komori H, Miyahisa M, Maeda H, Tanaka M, Matsushita K, Wada T, Fukagawa M, Maruyama T. α 1-Acid Glycoprotein Attenuates Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy via CD163 Expressing Macrophage Induction. Kidney360 2020; 1:343-353. [PMID: 35369369 PMCID: PMC8809281 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000782019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent clinical studies have shown that proteinuria is a critical factor in the progression of CKD and onset of cardiovascular disease. Inflammation and infiltration of macrophages into renal tissue are implicated as causes of proteinuria. α1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP), an acute-phase plasma protein, is leaked into the urine in patients with proteinuria. However, the relationship between urinary leakage of AGP, renal inflammation, and proteinuria remains unclear. METHODS Human AGP (hAGP) was exogenously administrated for 5 consecutive days to adriamycin-induced nephropathy model mice. RESULTS Adriamycin treatment increased urinary AGP, accompanied by decreased plasma AGP in mice. Exogenous hAGP administration to adriamycin-treated mice suppressed proteinuria, renal histologic injury, and inflammation. hAGP administration increased renal CD163 expression, a marker of anti-inflammatory macrophages. Similar changes were observed in PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells treated with hAGP. Even in the presence of LPS, hAGP treatment increased CD163/IL-10 expression in differentiated THP-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS AGP alleviates proteinuria and renal injury in mice with proteinuric kidney disease via induction of CD163-expressing macrophages with anti-inflammatory function. The results demonstrate that endogenous AGP could work to protect against glomerular disease. Thus, AGP supplementation could be a possible new therapeutic intervention for patients with glomerular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Fujimura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Global Oriented) Program,” Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kento Nishida
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Koga
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jing Bi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Global Oriented) Program,” Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tadashi Imafuku
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Global Oriented) Program,” Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kobayashi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Komori
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masako Miyahisa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maeda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motoko Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Akebono Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Fukagawa
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yuan ZQY, Qiao C, Yang ZC, Yu L, Sun LN, Qian Y, Zhang XH, Meng L, Zhang XY, Wang YQ. The Impact of Plasma Protein Binding Characteristics and Unbound Concentration of Voriconazole on Its Adverse Drug Reactions. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:505. [PMID: 32390847 PMCID: PMC7194128 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated voriconazole (VRC) unbound plasma concentration and its relationship with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients with malignant hematologic disease. Plasma samples were collected from patients or spiked in vitro. A time-saving rapid equilibrium dialysis assay was used for the separation of unbound and bound VRC, following a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis method for drug concentration detection. Liver function and treatment details were collected from the electronic medical records of patients. Protein concentration was determined according to instructions. VRC plasma protein binding rate (PPB) in patient is significantly higher [69.5 ± 6.2%] than that in in-vitro samples, influenced by total drug concentration (Ct), plasma protein concentration, and protein type. The α1-acid glycogen (AAG) has the highest affinity with VRC. Relationship between total PPB of VRC with PPB of individual protein is not a simple addition, but a compressive combination. Unbound drug concentration (Cu) of VRC shows significant relationships with Ct, protein concentration, AST level, metabolism type of CYP2C19 and co-administration of high PPB medicines. Unbound plasma concentration of VRC shows a more sensitive relationship with ADRs than Ct.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Qing-Yun Yuan
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Qiao
- Hematology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Yang
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu-Ning Sun
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Qian
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue-Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling Meng
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Hematology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Qing Wang
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Barrios-Romero MDM, Crevillén AG, Puerta A, de Frutos M, Diez-Masa JC. Monitorization of α1-Acid Glycoprotein Deglycosylation Using SU-8 Microchips Electrophoresis with LIF Detection. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1972:25-39. [PMID: 30847782 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9213-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
In the last few years, biopharmaceuticals-therapeutic drugs which are generally obtained by using molecular biology techniques-have become a major growing sector in pharmaceutical industry. A large part of these biopharmaceuticals are therapeutic glycoproteins. The production of these drugs and their purification process are implying the development of efficient analytical methods, which allow quick and reliable control of the manufacturing process and ensuring the regulatory compliance about the quality of these drugs. Capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is becoming a method of choice in the quality control of these biopharmaceuticals. On the other hand, CGE can be improved if analyses are carried out in microchip format.This chapter reports a detailed microchips gel electrophoresis (MGE) method to separate glycosylated and deglycosylated forms of α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) labeled with Chromeo P540, using SU-8 microchips and laser induced fluorescence detection. Due to the analogy between AGP and some therapeutic glycoproteins, we have selected AGP as a model system to illustrate the potential of MGE in the analysis of this type of biopharmaceutical compounds.
Collapse
|
18
|
Mwangi MN, Echoka E, Knijff M, Kaduka L, Werema BG, Kinya FM, Mutisya R, Muniu EM, Demir AY, Verhoef H, Bourdet-Sicard R. Iron Status of Kenyan Pregnant Women after Adjusting for Inflammation Using BRINDA Regression Analysis and Other Correction Methods. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020420. [PMID: 30781529 PMCID: PMC6413054 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum ferritin concentration is the preferred biomarker to assess population iron status in the absence of inflammation. Interpretation of this biomarker is complicated in populations with a high burden of infection, however, because inflammation increases serum ferritin concentration independently of iron status. We aimed to compare estimates of iron status of Kenyan pregnant women, with circulating ferritin concentrations adjusted for inflammation using newly proposed methods by the BRINDA project, or using previously proposed adjustment methods. We re-analyzed data from pregnant Kenyan women living in a rural area where malaria is highly endemic (n = 470) or in an urban area (n = 402). As proposed by the BRINDA group, we adjusted individual ferritin concentration by internal regression for circulating concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and α₁-acid glycoprotein (AGP). Other adjustment methods comprised: (a) arithmetic correction factors based on CRP or AGP; (b) exclusion of subjects with inflammation (CRP >5 mg/L or AGP >1 g/L); and (c) higher ferritin cut-off value (<30 μg/L). We additionally adjusted for Plasmodium infection as appropriate. Lastly, we assessed iron status without adjustment for inflammation. All correction methods increased prevalence of iron deficiency compared to the unadjusted estimates. This increase was more pronounced with the internal regression correction method. The iron deficiency prevalence estimate increased from 53% to 87% in rural Kisumu study and from 30% to 41% in the urban Nairobi study after adjusting for inflammation (CRP and AGP) using the BRINDA internal regression method. When we corrected for both inflammation and Plasmodium infection using the regression correction, it resulted in lower prevalence estimates compared to uninfected women. Application of linear regression methods to adjust circulating ferritin concentration for inflammation leads to markedly decreased point estimates for ferritin concentration and increased estimates for the prevalence of iron deficiency in pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin N Mwangi
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 9101, 6700HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Training and Research Unit of Excellence, Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Private Bag 360, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi.
| | - Elizabeth Echoka
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54840 00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Marthe Knijff
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 9101, 6700HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Lydia Kaduka
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54840 00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Brenda G Werema
- Danone Nutricia Africa & Overseas, Kenrail Towers, Ring Road Parklands, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Frida M Kinya
- Danone Nutricia Africa & Overseas, Kenrail Towers, Ring Road Parklands, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Richard Mutisya
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54840 00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Erastus M Muniu
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54840 00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Ayşe Y Demir
- Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Meander Medical Centre, Maatweg 3, 3813 TZ Amersfoort, The Netherlands.
| | - Hans Verhoef
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 9101, 6700HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- MRC Unit, The Gambia, Atlantic Boulevard, Fajara, Republic of Gambia.
- MRC International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Vashisht R, Bendon AA, Okonkwo I, Patel D, Fullwood C, Ogungbenro K, Aarons L, Darwich AS. A study of the dosage and duration for levobupivacaine infusion by the caudal-epidural route in infants aged 3-6 months. Paediatr Anaesth 2019; 29:161-168. [PMID: 30447167 DOI: 10.1111/pan.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The local anesthetic, levobupivacaine, is the safer enantiomer of racemic bupivacaine. Present protocols for levobupivacaine are based on studies and pharmacokinetic modeling with racemic bupivacaine. AIMS The aim is to investigate total serum levobupivacaine concentrations after a caudalepidural loading dose followed by a maintenance infusion over 48 hours in infants aged 3-6 months. METHODS The clinical trial was conducted in eight infants aged 3-6 months, undergoing bladder exstrophy repair. Pharmacokinetic modeling allowed optimization of clinical sampling to measure total levobupivacaine and α1 -acid glycoprotein and prediction of the effect of α1 -acid glycoprotein on levobupivacaine plasma protein binding. RESULTS The observed median total levobupivacaine serum concentration was 0.30 mg/L (range: 0.20-0.70 mg/L) at 1 hour after the loading dose of 2 mg/kg. The median total levobupivacaine concentration after 47 hours of infusion, at 0.2 mg/kg/h, was 1.21 mg/L (0.07-1.85 mg/L). Concentrations of α1 -acid glycoprotein were found to rise throughout the study period. Pharmacokinetic modeling suggested that unbound levobupivacaine quickly reached steady state at a concentration of approximately 0.03 mg/L. CONCLUSION The study allows the development of a pharmacokinetic model, combining levobupivacaine and α1 -acid glycoprotein data. Modeling indicates that unbound levobupivacaine quickly reaches steady state once the infusion is started. Simulations suggest that it may be possible to continue the infusion beyond 48 hours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Vashisht
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Anju A Bendon
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Ijeoma Okonkwo
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Davandra Patel
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Catherine Fullwood
- Biostatistics, Research and Innovation, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kayode Ogungbenro
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Leon Aarons
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam S Darwich
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Karakochuk CD, Henderson AM, Samson KLI, Aljaadi AM, Devlin AM, Becquey E, Wirth JP, Rohner F. Comparison of a New Multiplex Immunoassay for Measurement of Ferritin, Soluble Transferrin Receptor, Retinol-Binding Protein, C-Reactive Protein and α¹-Acid-glycoprotein Concentrations against a Widely-Used s-ELISA Method. Diagnostics (Basel) 2018; 8:E13. [PMID: 29393894 PMCID: PMC5871996 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics8010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a multiplex ELISA (Quansys Biosciences) was developed that measures ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), retinol-binding protein (RBP), C-reactive protein (CRP), α¹-acid glycoprotein (AGP), thyroglobulin, and histidine-rich protein 2. Our primary aim was to conduct a method-comparison study to compare five biomarkers (ferritin, sTfR, RBP, CRP, and AGP) measured with the Quansys assay and a widely-used s-ELISA (VitMin Lab, Willstaett, Germany) with use of serum samples from 180 women and children from Burkina Faso, Cambodia, and Malaysia. Bias and concordance were used to describe the agreement in values measured by the two methods. We observed poor overall agreement between the methods, both with regard to biomarker concentrations and deficiency prevalence estimates. Several measurements were outside of the limit of detection with use of the Quansys ELISA (total n = 42 for ferritin, n = 2 for sTfR, n = 0 for AGP, n = 5 for CRP, n = 22 for RBP), limiting our ability to interpret assay findings. Although the Quansys ELISA has great potential to simplify laboratory analysis of key nutritional and inflammation biomarkers, there are some weaknesses in the procedures. Overall, we found poor comparability of results between methods. Besides addressing procedural issues, additional validation of the Quansys against a gold standard method is warranted for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Crystal D Karakochuk
- Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Amanda M Henderson
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada.
| | - Kaitlyn L I Samson
- Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Abeer M Aljaadi
- Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Angela M Devlin
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada.
| | - Elodie Becquey
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC 20005, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kenmotsu H, Imamura CK, Ono A, Omori S, Nakashima K, Wakuda K, Taira T, Naito T, Murakami H, Takahashi T, Tanigawara Y. The effects of advanced age and serum α 1 -acid glycoprotein on docetaxel unbound exposure and dose-limiting toxicity in cancer patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28640540 PMCID: PMC5651322 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM α1 -Acid glycoprotein (AAG), which is a major binding protein of docetaxel, is considered to be a determinant for docetaxel pharmacokinetics. However, there are no reports about the impact of serum AAG on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in elderly patients treated with docetaxel. The aim of this prospective study was to elucidate the effects of advanced age and serum AAG on docetaxel unbound exposure and neutropenia, dose-limiting toxicity, in cancer patients. METHODS Docetaxel was administered at 60 mg m-2 to 51 patients with non-small cell lung cancer, 17 of whom were ≥75 years of age. Pharmacokinetics, unbound fraction (fu), neutropenia, serum protein levels of AAG and albumin, as well as baseline absolute neutrophil count (ANC) were assessed during the first course. Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses were performed to evaluate the influence of clinically relevant factors on docetaxel pharmacokinetics and neutropenia. RESULTS Clearance of docetaxel and degree of fu were significantly associated with serum AAG level, but not with age. Area under the concentration-time curve of unbound docetaxel (fu·AUC) was significantly higher in patients aged ≥75 years (0.389 μg·h ml-1 , 95% CI; 0.329-0.448 μg·h ml-1 ) compared with patients aged <75 years (0.310 μg·h ml-1 , 95% CI; 0.268-0.352 μg·h ml-1 ). Percent decrease in ANC at nadir related to fu·AUC, and was dependent on baseline ANC. CONCLUSION Regardless of ageing, serum level of AAG determines docetaxel unbound exposure and related dose-limiting toxicity. Serum AAG level and ANC at baseline appear to be predictive of neutropenia for patients of all ages following the administration of docetaxel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Kenmotsu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Chiyo K Imamura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Ono
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shota Omori
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Kazushige Wakuda
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Taira
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tateaki Naito
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Murakami
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Tanigawara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jorgensen JM, Yang Z, Lönnerdal B, Chantry CJ, Dewey KG. Plasma Ferritin and Hepcidin Are Lower at 4 Months Postpartum among Women with Elevated C-Reactive Protein or α1-Acid Glycoprotein. J Nutr 2017; 147:1194-1199. [PMID: 28446628 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.245803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ferritin and hepcidin are markers of iron status that typically increase during inflammation or infection. The postpartum period is a physiologically unique life stage in which the relations between these proteins and other markers of inflammation have not been extensively studied.Objective: We aimed to determine whether 2 markers of inflammation [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP)] were associated with ferritin or hepcidin in postpartum women in California.Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled iron-intervention trial. Plasma CRP, AGP, ferritin, and hepcidin were analyzed at 2 and 17 wk postpartum in 114 lactating women. We examined Pearson correlation coefficients between all biomarkers at both time points and differences in mean values of ferritin and hepcidin between those with and without elevated CRP and/or AGP.Results: At 2 and 17 wk postpartum, 58% and 26% of women had CRP >5 mg/L and 78% and 29% had AGP >1 g/L, respectively. Neither CRP nor AGP was significantly correlated with ferritin (r = 0.07 and -0.06; n = 114 at 2 wk; -0.14 and -0.14; n = 95 at 17 wk) or hepcidin (r = 0.18 and -0.03 at 2 wk; -0.05 and -0.14 at 17 wk; P > 0.05 for all). At 2 wk, geometric mean plasma ferritin and hepcidin concentrations did not differ between women with and without elevated CRP or AGP (P > 0.5), but at 17 wk women with elevated CRP or AGP had lower mean (95% CI) ferritin and hepcidin than did women without either elevated CRP or AGP [ferritin: 30.3 ng/mL (23.4, 39.1 ng/mL) compared with 40.2 ng/mL (32.9, 49.2 ng/mL); P < 0.01; hepcidin: 44.3 ng/mL (32.3, 60.9 ng/mL) compared with 67.6 ng/mL (56.1, 81.5 ng/mL); P = 0.02].Conclusion: Lower ferritin and hepcidin among women with elevated CRP or AGP at 17 wk postpartum suggests that these markers of iron status react differently to physiologic immune activation than to pathologic inflammatory states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josh M Jorgensen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA;
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China; and
| | - Bo Lönnerdal
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Caroline J Chantry
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, Medical Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - Kathryn G Dewey
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cichon B, Ritz C, Fabiansen C, Christensen VB, Filteau S, Friis H, Kæstel P. Assessment of Regression Models for Adjustment of Iron Status Biomarkers for Inflammation in Children with Moderate Acute Malnutrition in Burkina Faso. J Nutr 2017; 147:125-132. [PMID: 27881597 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.240028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers of iron status are affected by inflammation. In order to interpret them in individuals with inflammation, the use of correction factors (CFs) has been proposed. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the use of regression models as an alternative to the CF approach. METHODS Morbidity data were collected during clinical examinations with morbidity recalls in a cross-sectional study in children aged 6-23 mo with moderate acute malnutrition. C-reactive protein (CRP), α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), serum ferritin (SF), and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) were measured in serum. Generalized additive, quadratic, and linear models were used to model the relation between SF and sTfR as outcomes and CRP and AGP as categorical variables (model 1; equivalent to the CF approach), CRP and AGP as continuous variables (model 2), or CRP and AGP as continuous variables and morbidity covariates (model 3) as predictors. The predictive performance of the models was compared with the use of 10-fold crossvalidation and quantified with the use of root mean square errors (RMSEs). SF and sTfR were adjusted with the use of regression coefficients from linear models. RESULTS Crossvalidation revealed no advantage to using generalized additive or quadratic models over linear models in terms of the RMSE. Linear model 3 performed better than models 2 and 1. Furthermore, we found no difference in CFs for adjusting SF and those from a previous meta-analysis. Adjustment of SF and sTfR with the use of the best-performing model led to a 17% point increase and <1% point decrease, respectively, in estimated prevalence of iron deficiency. CONCLUSION Regression analysis is an alternative to adjust SF and may be preferable in research settings, because it can take morbidity and severity of inflammation into account. In clinical settings, the CF approach may be more practical. There is no benefit from adjusting sTfR. This trial was registered at www.controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN42569496.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardette Cichon
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; .,Doctors Without Borders-Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Ritz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Christian Fabiansen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Brix Christensen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics, Righospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; and
| | - Suzanne Filteau
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik Friis
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Pernille Kæstel
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Imbs DC, Paludetto MN, Négrier S, Powell H, Lafont T, White-Koning M, Chatelut E, Thomas F. Determination of unbound fraction of pazopanib in vitro and in cancer patients reveals albumin as the main binding site. Invest New Drugs 2016; 34:41-8. [PMID: 26572909 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-015-0304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pazopanib exhibits wide inter-patient pharmacokinetic variability which may contribute to differences in treatment outcome. Unbound drug concentrations are believed to be more relevant to pharmacological responses than total concentrations. Thus it is desirable to evaluate pazopanib binding on plasma proteins and different factors potentially affecting this process. METHODS An equilibrium dialysis method coupled with UPLC-MS/MS assay has been optimized and validated for the determination of pazopanib unbound fraction (fu%) in human plasma. Pazopanib binding in the plasma of healthy volunteers and in isolated protein solutions was investigated. The unbound fraction was determined for 24 cancer patients treated daily with pazopanib. RESULTS We found that pazopanib was extensively bound in human plasma (>99.9 %) with a mean fu% value of 0.0106 ± 0.0013 % at 40 μg/mL. Protein binding was concentration independent over a clinically relevant range of concentrations. In isolated protein solutions, pazopanib at 40 μg/mL was mainly bound to albumin (40 g/L) and to a lesser extent to α1-acid glycoprotein (1 g/L) and low density lipoproteins (1.2 g/L), with a mean fu% of 0.0073 ± 0.0022 %, 0.992 ± 0.44 % and 7.4 ± 1.7 % respectively. Inter-patient variability (CV%) of fu% in cancer patients was limited (27.2 %). A correlation was observed between individual unbound fraction values and albuminemia. CONCLUSIONS Pazopanib exhibits extensive binding to plasma proteins in human plasma. Variable albumin concentrations, frequently observed in cancer patients, may affect pazopanib unbound fraction with implications for inter-patient variability in drug efficacy and toxicity.
Collapse
|
25
|
Taguchi K, Yamasaki K, Seo H, Otagiri M. Potential Use of Biological Proteins for Liver Failure Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2015; 7:255-74. [PMID: 26404356 PMCID: PMC4588199 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics7030255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological proteins have unlimited potential for use as pharmaceutical products due to their various biological activities, which include non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Recent scientific advances allow for the development of novel innovative protein-based products that draw on the quality of their innate biological activities. Some of them hold promising potential for novel therapeutic agents/devices for addressing hepatic diseases such as hepatitis, fibrosis, and hepatocarcinomas. This review attempts to provide an overview of the development of protein-based products that take advantage of their biological activity for medication, and discusses possibilities for the therapeutic potential of protein-based products produced through different approaches to specifically target the liver (or hepatic cells: hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and Kupffer cells) in the treatment of hepatic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Taguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
| | - Keishi Yamasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
| | - Hakaru Seo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0082, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Miranda-Ribera A, Passaniti A, Ceciliani F, Goldblum SE. α1-acid glycoprotein disrupts capillary-like tube formation of human lung microvascular endothelia. Exp Lung Res 2014; 40:507-19. [PMID: 25322067 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.956945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The acute phase protein, α1-acid glycoprotein, is expressed in the lung, and influences endothelial cell function. We asked whether it might regulate angiogenesis in human lung microvascular endothelia. MATERIALS AND METHODS α1-acid glycoprotein was isolated from human serum by HPLC ion exchange chromatography. Its effects on endothelial cell functions including capillary-like tube formation on Matrigel, migration in a wounding assay, chemotaxis in a modified Boyden chamber, adhesion, and transendothelial flux of the permeability tracer, (14)C-albumin, were tested. RESULTS α1-acid glycoprotein dose-dependently inhibited capillary-like tube formation without loss of cell viability. At ≥0.50 mg/mL, it inhibited tube formation >70%, and at 0.75 mg/mL, >97%. α1-acid glycoprotein dose- and time-dependently restrained EC migration into a wound as early as 2 hours, and in washout studies, did so reversibly. It was inhibitory against vascular endothelial growth factor-A and fibroblast growth factor-2-driven migration but failed to inhibit chemotactic responsiveness. When α1-acid glycoprotein was added to preformed tubes, it provoked their almost immediate disassembly. As early as 15 minutes, it induced tube network collapse without endothelial cell-cell disruption. It exerted a biphasic effect on cell adhesion to the Matrigel substrate. At lower concentrations (0.05-0.25 mg/mL), it increased cell adhesion, whereas at higher concentrations (≥0.75 mg/mL) decreased adhesion. In contrast, it had no effect on transendothelial (14)C-albumin flux. CONCLUSION α1-acid glycoprotein, at concentrations found under physiological conditions, rapidly inhibits endothelial cell capillary-like tube formation that may be explained through diminished cell adhesion to the underlying matrix and/or reversibly decreased cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Miranda-Ribera
- 1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Maryland, Baltimore, and the VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jacob R, Branton SL, Evans JD, Leigh SA, Peebles ED. Effects of live and killed vaccines against Mycoplasma gallisepticum on the performance characteristics of commercial layer chickens. Poult Sci 2014; 93:1403-9. [PMID: 24879690 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Different vaccine strains of Mycoplasma gallisepticum have been used on multiple-age commercial layer farms in an effort to protect birds against virulent field-strain infections. Use of the F-strain of M. gallisepticum (FMG), as an overlay vaccine during lay, may be necessary because of the lower level of protection afforded by M. gallisepticum vaccines of low virulence given before lay. Two replicate trials were conducted to investigate effects of live and killed M. gallisepticum vaccines administered individually and in combination before lay, in conjunction with an FMG vaccine overlay after peak egg production (EP), on the performance characteristics of commercial layers. The following treatments were utilized at 10 wk of age (woa): 1) control (no vaccinations); 2) ts11 strain M. gallisepticum (ts11MG) vaccine; 3) M. gallisepticum-Bacterin vaccine (MG-Bacterin); and 4) ts11MG and MG-Bacterin vaccines combination. At 45 woa, half of the birds were overlaid with an FMG vaccine. Hen mortality, BW, egg weight, percentage hen-day EP, egg blood spots, and egg meat spots were determined at various time periods between 18 and 52 woa. The data from each trial were pooled. Treatment did not affect performance in interval I (23 to 45 woa). However, during interval II (46 to 52 woa), the EP of control and MG-Bacterin-vaccinated birds that later received an FMG vaccine overlay was lower than that in the other treatment groups. Furthermore, treatment application reduced bird BW during interval II. Despite the effects on BW and EP, no differences were observed for egg blood or meat spots among the various treatments. It is suggested that the vaccination of commercial layers before lay with ts11MG, but not MG-Bacterin, may reduce the negative impacts of an FMG overlay vaccination given during lay. These results establish that the vaccination of pullets with ts11MG in combination with the vaccination of hens with an FMG overlay, for continual protection against field-strain M. gallisepticum infections, may be used without suppressing performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Jacob
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762
| | - S L Branton
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - J D Evans
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - S A Leigh
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - E D Peebles
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li X, Li R, Jia Y, Sun Z, Yang X, Sun Q, Zhao R. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β is involved in the breed-dependent transcriptional regulation of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ(5)-Δ(4)-isomerase in adrenal gland of preweaning piglets. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 138:273-80. [PMID: 23831357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ(5)-Δ(4)-isomerase (3β-HSD) catalyzes the biosynthesis of all steroid hormones. The molecular mechanisms regulating porcine adrenal 3β-HSD expression in different breeds are still poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to compare the expression of 3β-HSD between preweaning purebred Large White (LW) and Erhualian (EHL) piglets and to explore the potential factors regulating 3β-HSD transcription. EHL had significantly higher serum levels of cortisol (P<0.01) and testosterone (P<0.01), which were associated with significantly higher expression of 3β-HSD mRNA (P<0.01) and protein (P<0.05) in the adrenal gland, compared with LW piglets. The 5' flanking region of the porcine 3β-HSD gene showed significant sequence variations between breeds, and the sequence of EHL demonstrated an elevated promoter activity (P<0.05) in luciferase reporter gene assay. Higher adrenal expression of 3β-HSD in EHL was accompanied with higher CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) expression (P<0.05), enriched histone H3 acetylation (P<0.05) and C/EBPβ binding to 3β-HSD promoter (P<0.05). In addition, higher androgen receptor (AR) (P=0.06) and lower glucocorticoid receptor (GR) (P<0.05) were detected in EHL. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed interactions of C/EBPβ with both AR and GR. These results indicate that the C/EBPβ binding to 3β-HSD promoter is responsible, at least in part, for the breed-dependent 3β-HSD expression in adrenal gland of piglets. The sequence variations of 3β-HSD promoter and the interactions of AR and/or GR with C/EBPβ may also participate in the regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nuin E, Jiménez MC, Sastre G, Andreu I, Miranda MA. Drug-Drug Interactions within Protein Cavities Probed by Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:1603-7. [PMID: 26282966 DOI: 10.1021/jz400640s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A new direct and noninvasive methodology based on transient absorption spectroscopy has been developed to probe the feasibility of drug-drug interactions within a common protein binding site. The simultaneous presence of (R)-cinacalcet (CIN) and (S)-propranolol (PPN) within human or bovine α1-acid glycoproteins (AAGs) is revealed by detection of (3)CIN* as the only transient species after laser flash photolysis of CIN/PPN/AAG mixtures at 308 nm. This is the result of triplet-triplet energy transfer from (3)PPN* to CIN, which requires close contact between the two drugs within the same biological compartment. Similar results are obtained with nabumetone and CIN as donor/acceptor partners. This new methodology can, in principle, be extended to a variety of drug/drug/biomolecule combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edurne Nuin
- †Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Consuelo Jiménez
- †Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain
| | - Germán Sastre
- †Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- ‡Unidad mixta de investigación IIS La Fe-UPV, Hospital La Fe, Avda. Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel A Miranda
- †Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xiang JY, Feng ZS, He GB, Feng YC, Ren Q. Clinical significance of serum α1-acid glycoprotein level in patients with ulcerative colitis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18:1940-1943. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v18.i18.1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the clinical significance of serum α1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP) level in patients with ulcerative colitis.
METHODS: Immunonephelometry was used to measure the levels of α1-AGP in serum from 100 patients with ulcerative colitis and 40 controls. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was also measured. The disease activity of UC was determined according to Mayo criteria.
RESULTS: Serum α1-AGP level was significantly higher in patients with active UC than in those with inactive UC and controls (1 446.0 mg/L ± 543.6 mg/L vs 857.2 mg/L ± 310.9 mg/L and 653.7 mg/L ± 308.9 mg/L, respectively; both P < 0.01). Serum α1-AGP level was significantly higher in patients with inactive UC than in controls (P < 0.05). In patients with active UC, significant differences were also found in serum α1-AGP levels among patients with mild, moderate and severe disease. A positive correlation was noted between serum α1-AGP level and the disease activity index of UC (r = 0.777, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: The change in serum α1-AGP level accurately reflects the severity of UC and may be used for assessing UC activity.
Collapse
|