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Liu C, He L, Zheng X. UNVEILING THE CAUSAL ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NONINFECTIOUS RESPIRATORY DISORDERS AND SEPSIS THROUGH MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION ANALYSIS. Shock 2024; 62:179-185. [PMID: 38526151 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: The association between sepsis and noninfectious respiratory diseases is well-documented, yet the specific causal link between the two remains unclear. In order to explore this relationship further, we employed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilizing data from the UK Biobank and FinnGen Biobank. Methods: We analyzed the summary statistics of a genome-wide association study summary statistics for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary embolism (PE), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), lung cancer, sepsis, and sepsis-related mortality. We employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method and four additional MR methods. Heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were assessed using the Cochrane's Q test, MR-Egger intercept, and MR-PRESSO test. A sensitivity analysis was also performed. Results: MR analysis showed associations between COPD and lung cancer with increased sepsis risk (odds ratio (OR)IVW 1.138, P = 0.006; (OR)IVW 1.123, P = 0.031; respectively) and sepsis mortality ((OR)IVW 1.350, P = 0.022; (OR)IVW 1.312, P = 0.022; respectively). Asthma exhibited a potential protective effect against sepsis mortality ((OR)IVW = 0.300, P = 0.039), while PE demonstrated a risk effect ((OR)IVW = 1.148, P = 0.032). No causal association was observed between asthma, PE, and sepsis ( P > 0.05). IPF and OSA were not significantly associated with sepsis or sepsis-related mortality ( P > 0.05). Heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were not evident for asthma or lung cancer ( P > 0.05). However, horizontal pleiotropy was suggested for COPD by the MR-Egger regression ( P < 0.05), but not by the MR-PRESSO test ( P > 0.05). IPF and OSA were not significantly associated with sepsis or sepsis-related mortality ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Our MR analysis offers new insights into potential links between noninfectious respiratory diseases and the risk of sepsis. However, additional investigation into the underlying mechanisms and clinical studies are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, People's Republic of China
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Williams B, Zou L, Pittet JF, Chao W. Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management Strategies. Anesth Analg 2024; 138:696-711. [PMID: 38324297 PMCID: PMC10916756 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Physiological hemostasis is a balance between pro- and anticoagulant pathways, and in sepsis, this equilibrium is disturbed, resulting in systemic thrombin generation, impaired anticoagulant activity, and suppression of fibrinolysis, a condition termed sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC). SIC is a common complication, being present in 24% of patients with sepsis and 66% of patients with septic shock, and is often associated with poor clinical outcomes and high mortality. 1 , 2 Recent preclinical and clinical studies have generated new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of SIC. In this article, we analyze the complex pathophysiology of SIC with a focus on the role of procoagulant innate immune signaling in hemostatic activation--tissue factor production, thrombin generation, endotheliopathy, and impaired antithrombotic functions. We also review clinical presentations of SIC, the diagnostic scoring system and laboratory tests, the current standard of care, and clinical trials evaluating the efficacies of anticoagulant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney Williams
- From the Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Translational Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology & Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lin Zou
- Translational Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology & Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jean-Francois Pittet
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Wei Chao
- Translational Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology & Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Zhu C, Hou Z, Zhu R, Zhou B, Sun Y, Li Z, Li X, Ding R, Luan Z, Liang Y, Wang L, Ma X. Comparisons of coagulation characteristics between elderly and non-elderly patients with sepsis: A prospective study. Surgery 2023; 173:1303-1310. [PMID: 36774318 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A blunt host defense response in older patients may contribute to different coagulation responses during sepsis. We aimed to investigate the differences in coagulation parameters between elderly and non-elderly patients with sepsis. METHODS Adult patients diagnosed with sepsis within 24 hours after admission to the intensive care unit between September 2018 and December 2020 were prospectively enrolled. Patients were categorized into the adult (18-64 years) and elderly (age ≥65 years) groups. Conventional coagulation parameters and inflammatory markers were measured on intensive care unit admission and on Days 3 and 7. Thromboelastography was performed on intensive care unit admission. The differences in the coagulation parameters between the 2 groups were evaluated. The adult and elderly patients were matched to adjust for baseline characteristics. Correlations between inflammatory markers and coagulation-related parameters were also analyzed. RESULTS Of the 567 patients, 303 (53.4%) were elderly. Compared with adult patients, elderly patients had lower prothrombin time elevation, lower fibrinogen, D-dimer, and fibrin/Fib degradation product levels, and lower proportion of disseminated intravascular coagulation on intensive care unit admission; and, they had lower dynamic platelet, lower fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels during the first week in the intensive care unit. Thromboelastography parameters were generally within the normal range, although elderly patients had lower R and K values and a higher alpha angle. Comparisons of coagulation parameters between the 2 groups revealed similar results in the matched cohort. The inflammatory markers correlated with prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and antithrombin III. CONCLUSION Elderly patients had milder coagulation activation, accompanied by a decreased inflammatory response during sepsis, compared to non-elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengrui Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hou
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China
| | - Ran Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yini Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhiliang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Renyu Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhenggang Luan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yingjian Liang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaochun Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Frank CS, Larsen JB. Prognostic Impact of the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Score in Sepsis: A Systematic Review. Semin Thromb Hemost 2023. [PMID: 36731487 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) diagnostic criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) are widely used for DIC diagnosis. However, the prognostic value of the score may vary between different patient populations and settings. This systematic review investigated the association between the ISTH DIC score and mortality in sepsis patients. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Embase. Inclusion criteria were studies including adult and pediatric patients hospitalized with sepsis, using any sepsis definition, and investigating the association between mortality and the ISTH DIC score. The review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. In total, 42 studies were included. A positive association between the ISTH DIC score and mortality was consistently reported, with odds ratios of death in DIC versus non-DIC patients ranging from 1.125 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.838-1.511) to 21.008 (95% CI: 1.408-313.405) in adults and from 1.378 (95% CI: 1.004-1.893) to 2.99 (95% CI: 0.54-16.6) in pediatric populations. However, the DIC score only had a low-moderate positive predictive value for mortality, as area under receiver-operator characteristics ranged from 0.602 (95% CI: 0.575-0.630) to 0.815 (95% CI: 0.676-0.954) in adults. Of note, only few studies adjusted for potential confounders such as age, gender, and comorbidity. The ISTH DIC score is consistently associated with sepsis-related mortality but is not a strong positive predictor for mortality. Nevertheless, the score may still have a prognostic value and its use in sepsis is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Sandberg Frank
- Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Julie Brogaard Larsen
- Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Hartmann J, Hermelin D, Levy JH. Viscoelastic testing: an illustrated review of technology and clinical applications. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022; 7:100031. [PMID: 36760779 PMCID: PMC9903681 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2022.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Viscoelastic testing (VET), including thromboelastography and thromboelastometry, provides a rapid and comprehensive picture of whole blood coagulation dynamics and hemostasis that can be reviewed and evaluated at the point-of-care. This technology is over 50 years old; however, over the past few years, there has been a significant increase in research examining the use of VET. Best practice guidelines for the use of VET exist in both the United States and Europe, particularly for elective cardiac surgery, although recommendations for implementation are somewhat limited in some clinical areas by the lack of studies constituting high-grade evidence. Other challenges to implementation surround validation of the technology in some care settings as well as lack of training. Nevertheless, there is a wide range of potential clinical applications, such as treating coagulopathies in liver disease and transplant surgery, critical care, as well as within obstetrical hemorrhage. In this illustrated review, we provide an overview of viscoelastic testing technology (also called viscoelastic hemostatic assays) and describe how the assays can be used to provide a broad overview of hemostasis from clot formation to clot lysis, while highlighting the contribution of coagulation factors and platelets. We then summarize the major clinical applications for viscoelastic testing, including more recent applications, such as in COVID-19. Each section describes the clinical context, and key publications, followed by a representative algorithm and key guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hartmann
- Haemonetics Corporation, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Correspondence Jan Hartmann, Haemonetics Corporation, Boston, MA 02110, USA. @JanHartmannMD
| | - Daniela Hermelin
- Department of Pathology Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Medical Affairs, ImpactLife, Davenport, Iowa, USA
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Thromboelastography for Predicting Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) in Sepsis. Shock 2022; 57:759. [PMID: 35583916 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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